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Landi E, Karabatas L, Scaglia P, Pisciottano F, Gutiérrez M, Ramírez L, Bergadá I, Rey RA, Jasper HG, Domené HM, Plazas PV, Domené S. Expression of acid-labile subunit (ALS) in developing and adult zebrafish and its role in dorso-ventral patterning during development. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113591. [PMID: 32828812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian acid-labile subunit (ALS) is a serum protein that binds binary complexes between Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) extending their half-life and keeping them in the vasculature. Human ALS deficiency (ACLSD), due to homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in IGFALS, leads to moderate short stature with reduced levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3. There is only one corresponding zebrafish ortholog gene and it has not yet been studied. In this study we elucidate the role of igfals during zebrafish development. In zebrafish embryos igfals mRNA is expressed throughout development, mainly in the brain and subsequently also in the gut and swimbladder. To determine its role during development, we knocked down igfals gene product using morpholinos (MOs). Igfals morphant embryos displayed dorsalization in different degrees of severity, including a shortened trunk and loss of tail. Furthermore, co-injection of human IGFALS (hIGFALS) mRNA was able to rescue the MO-induced phenotype. Finally, overexpression of either hIGFALS or zebrafish igfals (zigfals) mRNA leads to ventralization of embryos including a reduced head and enlarged tail. These findings suggest that als plays an important role in dorso-ventral patterning during zebrafish development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Landi
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Liliana Karabatas
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paula Scaglia
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Francisco Pisciottano
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariana Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Laura Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rodolfo A Rey
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Héctor Guillermo Jasper
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Horacio Mario Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paola Viviana Plazas
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sabina Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Poyrazoğlu Ş, Hwa V, Baş F, Dauber A, Rosenfeld R, Darendeliler F. A Novel Homozygous Mutation of the Acid-Labile Subunit (IGFALS) Gene in a Male Adolescent. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019; 11:432-438. [PMID: 30717585 PMCID: PMC6878349 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2018.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-labile subunit (ALS) forms ternary complexes with insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and is essential for normal circulating IGF-1 levels. The IGFALS gene encodes the ALS and mutations in IGFALS cause ALS deficiency. We describe a patient with ALS deficiency with a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in IGFALS presenting with short stature and delayed puberty but ultimately achieving an adult height (AH) comparable to his target height (TH). A 15.25 year old boy presented with short stature (149.9 cm, -3.04 standard deviation score). The patient had a low circulating IGF-1 concentration, extremely low IGFBP-3 concentration, insulin resistance and osteopenia. The peak growth hormone (GH) response to GH stimulation test was high (31.6 ng/mL). Sequencing of IGFALS revealed a novel, homozygous, frameshift mutation (p.Ser555Thrfs.19). His mother and elder sister were heterozygous carriers. Although he had delayed puberty and short stature at the onset of puberty, he reached his TH and an AH similar to those of his heterozygous mother and sister. The heterozygous carriers had normal or low IGF-1 concentrations and low IGFBP-3 concentrations but not as markedly low as that of the patient. They had normally timed puberty, insulin metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD). The phenotype of ALS deficiency is quite variable. Despite short stature and delayed puberty, patients can achieve normal pubertal growth and AH. ALS deficiency may cause osteopenia and hyperinsulinemia. Heterozygous carriers may have normal prenatal growth, puberty, insulin metabolism and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükran Poyrazoğlu
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 212 414 20 00 E-mail:
| | - Vivian Hwa
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Center for Growth Disorders, Cincinnati, Division of Endocrinology, Ohio, USA
| | - Firdevs Baş
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrew Dauber
- Children’s National Healthy System, Division of Endocrinology, Washington, USA
| | - Ron Rosenfeld
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Center for Growth Disorders, Cincinnati, Division of Endocrinology, Ohio, USA
| | - Feyza Darendeliler
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
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Matsushima N, Takatsuka S, Miyashita H, Kretsinger RH. Leucine Rich Repeat Proteins: Sequences, Mutations, Structures and Diseases. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:108-131. [PMID: 30526451 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666181208170027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes encoding Leucine Rich Repeat (LRR) containing proteins are associated with over sixty human diseases; these include high myopia, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, and Crohn's disease. These mutations occur frequently within the LRR domains and within the regions that shield the hydrophobic core of the LRR domain. The amino acid sequences of fifty-five LRR proteins have been published. They include Nod-Like Receptors (NLRs) such as NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP14, and Nod-2, Small Leucine Rich Repeat Proteoglycans (SLRPs) such as keratocan, lumican, fibromodulin, PRELP, biglycan, and nyctalopin, and F-box/LRR-repeat proteins such as FBXL2, FBXL4, and FBXL12. For example, 363 missense mutations have been identified. Replacement of arginine, proline, or cysteine by another amino acid, or the reverse, is frequently observed. The diverse effects of the mutations are discussed based on the known structures of LRR proteins. These mutations influence protein folding, aggregation, oligomerization, stability, protein-ligand interactions, disulfide bond formation, and glycosylation. Most of the mutations cause loss of function and a few, gain of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Matsushima
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu 059-0464, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takatsuka
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyashita
- Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu 059-0464, Japan.,Hokubu Rinsho Co., Ltd, Sapporo 060-0061, Japan
| | - Robert H Kretsinger
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, United States
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Mecasermin in Insulin Receptor-Related Severe Insulin Resistance Syndromes: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051268. [PMID: 29695048 PMCID: PMC5983765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the insulin receptor (INSR) gene underlie rare severe INSR-related insulin resistance syndromes (SIR), including insulin resistance type A, Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome and Donohue syndrome (DS), with DS representing the most severe form of insulin resistance. Treatment of these cases is challenging, with the majority of DS patients dying within the first two years of life. rhIGF-I (mecasermin) has been reported to improve metabolic control and increase lifespan in DS patients. A case report and literature review were completed. We present a case involving a male patient with DS, harbouring a homozygous mutation in the INSR gene (c.591delC). Initial rhIGF-I application via BID (twice daily) injection was unsatisfactory, but continuous subcutaneous rhIGF-I infusion via an insulin pump improved weight development and diabetes control (HbA1c decreased from 10 to 7.6%). However, our patient died at 22 months of age during the course of a respiratory infection in in Libya. Currently available data in the literature comprising more than 30 treated patients worldwide seem to support a trial of rhIGF-I in SIR. rhIGF-I represents a treatment option for challenging SIR cases, but careful consideration of the therapeutic benefits and the burden of the disease is warranted. Continuous application via pump might be advantageous compared to single injections.
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Scaglia PA, Keselman AC, Braslavsky D, Martucci LC, Karabatas LM, Domené S, Gutiérrez ML, Ballerini MG, Ropelato MG, Spinola-Castro A, Siviero-Miachon AA, Tartuci JS, Rodríguez Azrak MS, Rey RA, Jasper HG, Bergadá I, Domené HM. Characterization of four Latin American families confirms previous findings and reveals novel features of acid-labile subunit deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017; 87:300-311. [PMID: 28445628 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acid-labile subunit deficiency (ACLSD), caused by inactivating mutations in both IGFALS gene alleles, is characterized by marked reduction in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels associated with mild growth retardation. The aim of this study was to expand the known phenotype and genetic characteristics of ACLSD by reporting data from four index cases and their families. DESIGN Auxological data, biochemical and genetic studies were performed in four children diagnosed with ACLSD and all available relatives. METHODS Serum levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, acid-labile subunit (ALS), and in vitro ternary complex formation (ivTCF) were determined. After sequencing the IGFALS gene, pathogenicity of novel identified variants was evaluated by in vitro expression in transfected Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells. ALS protein was detected in patients' sera and CHO cells conditioned media and lysates by Western immunoblot (WIB). RESULTS Four index cases and four relatives were diagnosed with ACLSD. The following variants were found: p.Glu35Glyfs*17, p.Glu35Lysfs*87, p.Leu213Phe, p.Asn276Ser, p.Leu409Phe, p.Ala475Val and p.Ser490Trp. ACLSD patients presented low IGF-I and low or undetectable levels of IGFBP-3 and ALS. Seven out of 8 patients did not form ivTCF. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms previous findings in ACLSD, such as the low IGF-I and a more severe reduction in IGFBP-3 levels, and a gene dosage effect observed in heterozygous carriers (HC). In addition, father-to-son transmission (father compound heterozygous and mother HC), preservation of male fertility, and marginal ALS expression with potential involvement in preserved responsiveness to rhGH treatment, are all novel aspects, not previously reported in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Scaglia
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana C Keselman
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Débora Braslavsky
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía C Martucci
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana M Karabatas
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabina Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana L Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María G Ballerini
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María G Ropelato
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angela Spinola-Castro
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana A Siviero-Miachon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Saito Tartuci
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - María Sol Rodríguez Azrak
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A Rey
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor G Jasper
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio M Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET -FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Işık E, Haliloglu B, van Doorn J, Demirbilek H, Scheltinga SA, Losekoot M, Wit JM. Clinical and biochemical characteristics and bone mineral density of homozygous, compound heterozygous and heterozygous carriers of three novel IGFALS mutations. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:657-667. [PMID: 28249955 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acid-labile subunit (ALS) deficiency (ACLSD), caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous IGFALS mutations, is associated with moderate short stature, delayed puberty, low serum IGF-I and ALS and extremely low serum IGFBP-3. Its effect on birth weight, head circumference, bone mineral density (BMD), serum IGF-II and IGFBP-2 is uncertain, as well as the phenotype of heterozygous carriers of IGFALS mutations (partial ACLSD). DESIGN From all available members of five Turkish families, carrying three mutations in exon 2 of IGFALS (c.1462G > A, p.Asp488Asn (families A, B, E); c.251A > G, p.Asn84Ser (families C and E) and c.1477del, p.Arg493fs (family D)), clinical, laboratory and BMD data were collected. METHODS Auxological and biochemical findings were expressed as SDS for age and gender. Ternary complex formation in serum was investigated by size-exclusion chromatography. BMD using DXA bone densitometry was adjusted for height and age (Ha-BMD z-score). RESULTS In ACLSD (n = 24), mean ± s.d. height SDS (-2.7 ± 1.2), head circumference SDS (-2.3 ± 0.5) and body mass index (BMI) (-0.6 ± 1.0 SDS) were lower than those in partial ACLSD (n = 26, P ≤ 0.01) and birth weight SDS (n = 7) tended to be lower (-2.2 ± 1.1 vs -0.6 ± 0.3 in partial ACLSD (P = 0.07)). Serum IGF-I was -3.7 ± 1.4 vs -1.0 ± 1.0, IGF-II: -5.6 ± 0.7 vs -1.3 ± 0.7, ALS: <-4.4 ± 1.2 vs -2.1 ± 0.9 and IGFBP-3: -9.0 ± 1.9 vs -1.6 ± 0.8 SDS respectively (P < 0.001). Ha-BMD z-score was similar and normal in both groups. CONCLUSIONS To the known phenotype of ACLSD (i.e. short stature, reduced serum levels of IGF-I and ALS, extremely low serum IGFBP-3 and disturbed ternary complex formation), we add reduced birth weight, head circumference and serum IGF-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emregül Işık
- Department of Pediatric EndocrinologyGaziantep Children's Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Belma Haliloglu
- Department of Pediatric EndocrinologyYeditepe University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Jaap van Doorn
- Department of GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hüseyin Demirbilek
- Department of Pediatric EndocrinologyHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Jan M Wit
- Departments of PediatricsLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Martucci LC, Gutiérrez ML, Karabatas LM, Scaglia PA, Rey RA, Domené HM, Jasper HG, Domené S. Assessment of pathogenicity of natural IGFALS gene variants by in silico bioinformatics tools and in vitro functional studies. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 429:19-28. [PMID: 27018247 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acid-labile subunit (ALS) is essential for stabilization of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in ternary complexes within the vascular system. ALS deficient (ALS-D) patients and a subset of children with idiopathic short stature (ISS), presenting IGFALS gene variants, show variable degree of growth retardation associated to IGF-I and IGFBP-3 deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of eleven IGFALS variants identified in ALS-D and ISS children using in silico and in vitro approaches. We were able to classify seven of these variants as pathogenic since they present impaired synthesis (p.Glu35Lysfs*87, p.Glu35Glyfs*17, p.Asn276Ser, p.Leu409Phe, p.Ser490Trp and p.Cys540Arg), or partial impairment of synthesis and lack of secretion (p.Leu213Phe). We also observed significant reduction of secreted protein for variants p.Ala330Asp, Ala475Val and p.Arg548Trp, while still retaining their ability to form ternary complexes. These findings provide an approach to test the pathogenicity of IGFALS gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía C Martucci
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana L Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana M Karabatas
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula A Scaglia
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A Rey
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio M Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor G Jasper
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabina Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330 - C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Storr HL, Prasad R, Temple IK, Metherell LA, Savage MO, Walker JM. Heterogeneity of the growth phenotype and birth size in acid-labile subunit (ALS) deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38:407-12. [PMID: 25352235 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The IGFALS gene encodes the acid-labile subunit (ALS) protein, which regulates circulating IGF-1. Human IGFALS mutations cause growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) associated with ALS, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 deficiencies and mild to moderate postnatal growth impairment (height SDS -2 to -4). Prenatal growth impairment is not a recognised feature of this disorder, but heterozygous carriers may show an intermediate phenotype. METHODS We report a family of five subjects, including three children born small for gestational age, who were investigated for IGFALS gene mutations. RESULTS The proband, an 8.7 years female with pre- and postnatal growth failure (BW SDS -3.04, Ht SDS -3.86) and biochemical features of GHI, had a homozygous mutation of IGFALS, c.401T>A; p.L134Q. Her 6.1 years brother (BW SDS -2.11, Ht SDS -2.0) had the same homozygous IGFALS mutation. Both parents [adult height SDS -1.76 (father) and -1.82 (mother)] and her 2.7 years sister (BW SDS -2.60, Ht SDS -2.04) were heterozygous for the IGFALS mutation. CONCLUSION Significant phenotypic heterogeneity was observed between family members, in particular varying degrees of prenatal growth retardation were present in the three siblings, which may have contributed to the variation in the postnatal growth phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Storr
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute (WHRI), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - R Prasad
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute (WHRI), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - I K Temple
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L A Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute (WHRI), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - M O Savage
- Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, William Harvey Research Institute (WHRI), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - J M Walker
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Portsmouth Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Portsmouth, UK
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Wachstumshormoninsensitivität und schwerer primärer Mangel an insulinähnlichem Wachstumsfaktor-1. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-013-3045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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