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Man KF, Zhou L, Yu H, Lam KH, Cheng W, Yu J, Lee TK, Yun JP, Guan XY, Liu M, Ma S. SPINK1-induced tumor plasticity provides a therapeutic window for chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7863. [PMID: 38030644 PMCID: PMC10687140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor lineage plasticity, considered a hallmark of cancer, denotes the phenomenon in which tumor cells co-opt developmental pathways to attain cellular plasticity, enabling them to evade targeted therapeutic interventions. However, the underlying molecular events remain largely elusive. Our recent study identified CD133/Prom1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors to mark proliferative tumor-propagating cells with cancer stem cell-like properties, that follow a dedifferentiation trajectory towards a more embryonic state. Here we show SPINK1 to strongly associate with CD133 + HCC, and tumor dedifferentiation. Enhanced transcriptional activity of SPINK1 is mediated by promoter binding of ELF3, which like CD133, is found to increase following 5-FU and cisplatin treatment; while targeted depletion of CD133 will reduce both ELF3 and SPINK1. Functionally, SPINK1 overexpression promotes tumor initiation, self-renewal, and chemoresistance by driving a deregulated EGFR-ERK-CDK4/6-E2F2 signaling axis to induce dedifferentiation of HCC cells into their ancestral lineages. Depleting SPINK1 function by neutralizing antibody treatment or in vivo lentivirus-mediated Spink1 knockdown dampens HCC cancer growth and their ability to resist chemotherapy. Targeting oncofetal SPINK1 may represent a promising therapeutic option for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Fong Man
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huajian Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Hei Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Terence K Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Liu Y, Liu X, Zhou W, Zhang J, Wu J, Guo S, Jia S, Wang H, Li J, Tan Y. Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals potential mechanisms associated with intestinal flora intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30184. [PMID: 36086766 PMCID: PMC10980383 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease that imposes a huge economic burden on global public health. And the gut-liver axis theory supports the therapeutic role of intestinal flora in the development and progression of NAFLD. To this end, we designed bioinformatics study on the relationship between intestinal flora disorder and NAFLD, to explore the possible molecular mechanism of intestinal flora interfering with NAFLD. METHODS Differentially expressed genes for NAFLD were obtained from the GEO database. And the disease genes for NAFLD and intestinal flora disorder were obtained from the disease databases. The protein-protein interaction network was established by string 11.0 database and visualized by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Cytoscape plug-in MCODE and cytoHubba were used to screen the potential genes of intestinal flora disorder and NAFLD, to obtain potential targets for intestinal flora to interfere in the occurrence and process of NAFLD. Enrichment analysis of potential targets was carried out using R 4.0.2 software. RESULTS The results showed that 7 targets might be the key genes for intestinal flora to interfere with NAFLD. CCL2, IL6, IL1B, and FOS are mainly related to the occurrence and development mechanism of NAFLD, while PTGS2, SPINK1, and C5AR1 are mainly related to the intervention of intestinal flora in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. The gene function is mainly reflected in basic biological processes, including the regulation of metabolic process, epithelial development, and immune influence. The pathway is mainly related to signal transduction, immune regulation, and physiological metabolism. The TNF signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic activity, and NF-Kappa B signaling pathways are important pathways for intestinal flora to interfere with NAFLD. According to the analysis results, there is a certain correlation between intestinal flora disorder and NAFLD. CONCLUSION It is speculated that the mechanism by which intestinal flora may interfere with the occurrence and development of NAFLD is mainly related to inflammatory response and insulin resistance. Nevertheless, further research is needed to explore the specific molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haojia Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Liao C, Wang Q, An J, Zhang M, Chen J, Li X, Xiao L, Wang J, Long Q, Liu J, Guan X. SPINKs in Tumors: Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:833741. [PMID: 35223512 PMCID: PMC8873584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.833741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family includes SPINK1-14 and is the largest branch in the serine protease inhibitor family. SPINKs play an important role in pancreatic physiology and disease, sperm maturation and capacitation, Nager syndrome, inflammation and the skin barrier. Evidence shows that the unregulated expression of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 is closely related to human tumors. Different SPINKs exhibit various regulatory modes in different tumors and can be used as tumor prognostic markers. This article reviews the role of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 in different human cancer processes and helps to identify new cancer treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Minglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Linlin Xiao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Long
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
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Kim TH, Koo JH, Heo MJ, Han CY, Kim YI, Park SY, Cho IJ, Lee CH, Choi CS, Lee JW, Kim W, Cho JY, Kim SG. Overproduction of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 1 after loss of Gα 13 in liver exacerbates systemic insulin resistance in mice. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/513/eaan4735. [PMID: 31597753 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The impact of liver disease on whole-body glucose homeostasis is largely attributed to dysregulated release of secretory proteins in response to metabolic stress. The molecular cues linking liver to whole-body glucose metabolism remain elusive. We found that expression of G protein α-13 (Gα13) was decreased in the liver of mice and humans with diabetes. Liver-specific deletion of the Gna13 gene in mice resulted in systemic glucose intolerance. Comparative secretome analysis identified inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 1 (ITIH1) as a protein secreted by liver that was responsible for systemic insulin resistance in Gna13-deficient mice. Liver expression of ITIH1 positively correlated with surrogate markers for diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or overt diabetes. Mechanistically, a decrease in hepatic Gα13 caused ITIH1 oversecretion by liver through induction of O-GlcNAc transferase expression, facilitating ITIH1 deposition on the hyaluronan surrounding mouse adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Neutralization of secreted ITIH1 ameliorated glucose intolerance in obese mice. Our findings demonstrate systemic insulin resistance in mice resulting from liver-secreted ITIH1 downstream of Gα13 and its reversal by ITIH1 neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ja Hyun Koo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Heo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chang Yeob Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong-In Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Shi-Young Park
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Il Je Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Korea.,Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Geon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Huang K, Xie W, Wang S, Li Q, Wei X, Chen B, Hua Y, Li S, Peng B, Shen S. High SPINK1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes Cell Proliferation and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J INVEST SURG 2020; 34:1011-1020. [PMID: 32066292 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1728443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serine protease inhibitor Kazal type I (SPINK1) is highly expressed and promotes tumor progress in different cancers. This study aimed to evaluate SPINK1's prognostic value and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progress. METHODS We use tissue micro-arrays containing 273 tumor and paired para-tumor tissues to evaluate SPINK1's prognostic value in HCC. CCK8 cell proliferation assay, wound healing assays, transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to explore the effect of SPINIK1 on HCC cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to verify the prognosis value of SPINK1 in HCC and explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS SPINK1 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than paired para-tumor tissues (P < 0.001). Higher SPINK1 expression in tumor was significantly associated with portal vein tumor thrombus formation (P = 0.019) and shorter overall survival (P = 0.029). SPINK1 expression in tumor tissue was an independent predictor for overall survival. SPINK1 increased proliferation (P < 0.001), enhanced migration and invasion ability of HCC cell lines (P < 0.001). GSEA revealed that glycine, serine, threonine and bile acid metabolism may be the underlying mechanism of SPINK1 in HCC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, high SPINK1 expression is associated with poor prognosis of HCC. SPINK1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion ability of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Huang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Xie
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shutong Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangling Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Hua
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Baogang Peng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Hepatitis B Virus X Protein-Induced Serine Protease Inhibitor Kazal Type 1 Is Associated with the Progression of HBV-Related Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9321494. [PMID: 31240230 PMCID: PMC6556357 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9321494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes inflammation of the liver and is the leading cause of both liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) is an acute-phase response protein that is overexpressed in liver cancer tissue. This study investigated the clinical value of SPINK1 with regard to the diagnosis of HBV-related diseases and its regulatory mechanism. Methods Serum levels of SPINK1 in HBV-infected patients and healthy participants were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect differential expression of SPINK1 mRNA and protein in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells. The HBV infectious clone pHBV1.3 and its individual genes were cotransfected into HepG2 cells with the SPINK1 promoter coupled to a luciferase reporter; luciferase activity was measured, and the expression levels of SPINK1 were examined. Results Serum SPINK1 levels of HBV-infected patients were significantly higher than those of healthy participants, and the serum levels of SPINK1 in patients who tested positive for HBeAg were significantly higher than those in patients who tested negative for HBeAg. The serum SPINK1 levels of patients with LC or HCC were markedly higher than those of patients with chronic hepatitis. The HBV X protein (HBx) activated the SPINK1 promoter to upregulate expression of SPINK1 at both mRNA and protein levels. Conclusions HBV enhances expression of SPINK1 through X. SPINK1 levels are increased during progression of HBV-related diseases and might be utilized as a biomarker for the diagnosis of HBV-related diseases.
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Chu Y, Hu X, Wang G, Wang Z, Wang Y. Downregulation of miR-136 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma and is associated with the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5210-5218. [PMID: 31186737 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone tumor in children and young adults, and is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in various types of cancer, and contribute to cancer tumorigenesis and progression. In the present study, the potential prognostic value and biological function of miRNA-136 (miR-136) in OS was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to evaluate the expression of miR-136 in OS tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were conducted to investigate the prognostic significance of miR-136. Various in vitro cell based assays were used to evaluate the effects of miR-136 on the biological behavior of OS cells. A luciferase assay was performed to determine the key miR-136 targets associated with OS. The expression of miR-136 was significantly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells compared with the normal controls (all P<0.05). Decreased miR-136 expression was significantly associated with Enneking staging (P=0.030) and distant metastasis (P=0.016). Decreased miR-136 expression in patients was associated with shorter overall survival compared with patients with increased expression levels (log-rank test; P<0.05). The expression of miR-136 was indicated as an independent prognostic factor for the patients (hazard ratio=0.496; 95% confidence interval=0.250-0.987; P=0.046). MTT, transwell and Matrigel assays demonstrated that upregulation of miR-136 decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. Bioinformatics and luciferase assays demonstrated that migration and invasion enhancer 1 (MIEN1) is a direct target of miR-136. Together, the results suggested that miR-136 functions as a tumor suppressor gene to regulate proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. MIEN1 was a potential target of miR-136. Additionally, miR-136 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Chu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Guangfeng Wang
- Department of Medical Administration, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yanjin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Identification of Serum Biomarkers of Two Chronic Hepatitis B Subtypes Diagnosed by Traditional Chinese Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3290260. [PMID: 28025641 PMCID: PMC5153474 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3290260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. By traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern classification, damp heat stasis in the middle-jiao (DHSM) and liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency (LSSD) are two most common subtypes of CHB. Results. In this study, we employed iTRAQ proteomics technology to identify potential serum protein biomarkers in 30 LSSD-CHB and 30 DHSM-CHB patients. Of the total 842 detected proteins, 273 and 345 were differentially expressed in LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB patients compared to healthy controls, respectively. LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB shared 142 upregulated and 84 downregulated proteins, of which several proteins have been reported to be candidate biomarkers, including immunoglobulin (Ig) related proteins, complement components, apolipoproteins, heat shock proteins, insulin-like growth factor binding protein, and alpha-2-macroglobulin. In addition, we identified that proteins might be potential biomarkers to distinguish LSSD-CHB from DHSM-CHB, such as A0A0A0MS51_HUMAN (gelsolin), PON3_HUMAN, Q96K68_HUMAN, and TRPM8_HUMAN that were differentially expressed exclusively in LSSD-CHB patients and A0A087WT59_HUMAN (transthyretin), ITIH1_HUMAN, TSP1_HUMAN, CO5_HUMAN, and ALBU_HUMAN that were differentially expressed specifically in DHSM-CHB patients. Conclusion. This is the first time to report serum proteins in CHB subtype patients. Our findings provide potential biomarkers can be used for LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB.
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