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Bodemer C, Steijlen P, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, O'Toole EA. Treatment of hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma: a review by analysis of the literature. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:393-400. [PMID: 32307694 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No specific or curative therapy exists for hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma (hPPK), which can profoundly alter patient quality of life, leading sometimes to severe functional impairment and pain. The rarity and the aetiological diversity of this group of disorders can explain the difficulty in comparing the efficacy of available treatments. OBJECTIVES To review the different treatments tried in patients with hPPK since 2008, their efficacy and safety, with an evaluation of the various therapeutic modalities that can be used to treat hPPK. METHODS We undertook a comprehensive review of the literature data published since 2008. RESULTS Only a few case series and individual case reports were identified. Topical (emollients, keratolytics, retinoids, steroids) and systemic treatments (mostly different retinoids), often combined, are used to relieve symptoms. Oral retinoids appear to be the most efficient treatment, but not in all PPK forms, and with variable tolerance. New targeted treatments, according to the specific mechanisms of hPPK, appear promising for the future. CONCLUSIONS More studies using robust methodology and involving larger cohorts of well-characterized patients (phenotype-genotype) are necessary and should be prioritized by structured networks, such as the European Network for Rare Skin Diseases (ERN-Skin), with the aim of better management of patients with rare skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bodemer
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Centre for Genodermatoses, MAGEC Necker Enfants Malades, Paris-centre University, APHP5, ERN-Skin, France
| | - P Steijlen
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and the GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, ERN-Skin, the Netherlands
| | - J Mazereeuw-Hautier
- Department of Dermatology, Centre de référence des maladies rares de la peau, Larrey Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, ERN-Skin, France
| | - E A O'Toole
- Department of Dermatology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, ERN-Skin, UK
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2
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Zamiri M, Wilson NJ, O'Toole EA, Smith FJD. Novel mutations in desmoglein 1: focal palmoplantar keratoderma in milder phenotypes. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:618-620. [PMID: 30822367 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Zamiri
- Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, U.K
| | - N J Wilson
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - E A O'Toole
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K
| | - F J D Smith
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K.,Pachyonychia Congenita Project, Holladay, Utah, U.S.A
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3
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Xue K, Zheng Y, Cui Y. A novel heterozygous missense mutation of DSP in a Chinese Han pedigree with palmoplantar keratoderma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 18:371-376. [PMID: 29607617 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the desmoplakin (DSP) gene have been demonstrated to be associated with lethal acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa, cardiomyopathy, and palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK). AIMS To better understand the relationship between PPK and the gene mutations in DSP. METHODS A pedigree of PPK was subjected to heterozygous missense mutation analysis in the DSP gene. Dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, and histopathological examination were performed from each epidermis layer in this study. Samples were derived from the blood of patients and normal healthy controls. DSP gene sequence analysis and Q-PCR analysis was performed for evaluating DSP gene mutation and expression. RESULTS A novel heterozygous missense mutation c.3550 C>T in the coding region of the DSP gene, predicting substitution of arginine (Arg,R) by tryptophan (Trp,W) in the desmoplakin polypeptide, was discovered in a Chinese pedigree of PPK. In the meanwhile, this mutation was not found in 100 healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS The novel missense mutation c.3550 C>T(p.Arg1184Trp) of DSP gene expanded the mutation spectrum in palmoplantar keratoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xue
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Zheng
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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4
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Lovgren ML, McAleer MA, Irvine AD, Wilson NJ, Tavadia S, Schwartz ME, Cole C, Sandilands A, Smith FJD, Zamiri M. Mutations in desmoglein 1 cause diverse inherited palmoplantar keratoderma phenotypes: implications for genetic screening. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1345-1350. [PMID: 27534273 PMCID: PMC5485079 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The inherited palmoplantar keratodermas (PPKs) are a heterogeneous group of genodermatoses, characterized by thickening of the epidermis of the palms and soles. No classification system satisfactorily unites clinical presentation, pathology and molecular pathogenesis. There are four patterns of hyperkeratosis - striate, focal, diffuse and punctate. Mutations in the desmoglein 1 gene (DSG1), a transmembrane glycoprotein, have been reported primarily in striate, but also in focal and diffuse PPKs. We report seven unrelated pedigrees with dominantly inherited PPK owing to mutations in the DSG1 gene, with marked phenotypic variation. Genomic DNA from each family was isolated, and individual exons amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Sanger sequencing was employed to identify mutations. Mutation analysis identified novel mutations in five families (p.Tyr126Hisfs*2, p.Ser521Tyrfs*2, p.Trp3*, p.Asp591Phefs*9 and p.Met249Ilefs*6) with striate palmar involvement and varying focal or diffuse plantar disease, and the recurrent mutation c.76C>T, p.Arg26*, in two families with variable PPK patterns. We report one recurrent and five novel DSG1 mutations, causing varying patterns of PPK, highlighting the clinical heterogeneity arising from mutations in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Lovgren
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, U.K
| | - M A McAleer
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's, Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A D Irvine
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's, Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N J Wilson
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - S Tavadia
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, U.K
| | - M E Schwartz
- Pachyonychia Congenita Project, Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A
| | - C Cole
- Division of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - A Sandilands
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - F J D Smith
- Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K.,Pachyonychia Congenita Project, Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A
| | - M Zamiri
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Crosshouse, Kilmarnock, U.K.,Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, U.K
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5
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Fatiha EAI, Abdeljalil C, Ilham K, Nawal B, Yassamine B, Nada Z, Nafissa B, Intissar H. [Pachyonychia congenita associated with renal artery stenosis and bronchiectasis]. Pan Afr Med J 2016; 24:183. [PMID: 27795780 PMCID: PMC5072884 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.24.183.9284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare hereditary disease, mainly characterized by a painful palmoplantar keratoderma, thickened nails, cysts and white lesions of the oral mucosa. Its clinical manifestations are very variable, it may appear from birth to adulthood. This study report the case of a child with pachyonychia congenita associated with bronchiectasis and renal artery stenosis. The diagnosis of pachyonychia congenita was retained based on clinical and histological data. However the presence of renal artery stenosis and bronchiectasis suggests a possible association as part of a particular syndromic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Alaoui Ismaili Fatiha
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Chemlal Abdeljalil
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Karimi Ilham
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Benabdellah Nawal
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Bentata Yassamine
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Zizi Nada
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Benajiba Nafissa
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Haddiya Intissar
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Mohamed VI, Faculté de Médecine, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Maroc
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