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Cung T, Wang H, Hartnett ME. The Effects of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) Oxidase and Erythropoietin, and Their Interactions in Angiogenesis: Implications in Retinopathy of Prematurity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121951. [PMID: 35741081 PMCID: PMC9222209 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness in premature infants. Oxidative stress is implicated in its pathophysiology. NADPH oxidase (NOX), a major enzyme responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in endothelial cells, has been studied for its involvement in physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Erythropoietin (EPO) has gained interest recently due to its tissue protective and angiogenic effects, and it has been shown to act as an antioxidant. In this review, we summarize studies performed over the last five years regarding the role of various NOXs in physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. We also discuss the effect of EPO in tissue and vasoprotection, and the intersection of EPO and NOX-mediated oxidative stress in angiogenesis and the pathophysiology of ROP.
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The Role of PI3K/AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Erythropoietin Signalization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147682. [PMID: 34299300 PMCID: PMC8307237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein cytokine known for its pleiotropic effects on various types of cells and tissues. EPO and its receptor EPOR trigger signaling cascades JAK2/STAT5, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT that are interconnected and irreplaceable for cell survival. In this article, we describe the role of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways during red blood cell formation as well as in non-hematopoietic tissues and tumor cells. Although the central framework of these pathways is similar for most of cell types, there are some stage-specific, tissue, and cell-lineage differences. We summarize the current state of research in this field, highlight the novel members of EPO-induced PI3K and MAPK signaling, and in this respect also the differences between erythroid and non-erythroid cells.
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Iwata Y, Sakai N, Nakajima Y, Oshima M, Nakagawa-Yoneda S, Ogura H, Sato K, Minami T, Kitajima S, Toyama T, Yamamura Y, Miyagawa T, Hara A, Shimizu M, Furuichi K, Wada T. Anti-fibrotic potential of erythropoietin signaling on bone marrow derived fibrotic cell. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:203. [PMID: 34059008 PMCID: PMC8167964 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) are increasing world-side. While interstitial fibrosis (IF) is a common step for the progression to ESKD, therapeutic options for IF is still limited in clinical settings. We have reported that bone marrow-derived fibrotic cell, fibrocyte, is involved in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. Also recent studies revealed that erythropoietin has protective effect on kidney diseases. However, it is unknown whether erythropoietin (EPO) inhibits fibrosis in progressive kidney injury. Therefore, we explored the impacts of EPO on kidney fibrosis with focusing on fibrocyte. METHOD Fibrocyte was differentiated from peripheral mononuclear cells of healthy donor. Fibrocyte was stimulated with transforming growth factor beta (TGF)-β with/without EPO treatment. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of EPO was evaluated in murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. RESULT TGF-β stimulation increased the expression of COL1 mRNA in fibrocyte. EPO signal reduced the expression of COL1 mRNA in dose dependent manner. EPO reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress and ameliorated mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by TGF-β stimulation. Moreover, EPO reduced the mRNA expression of mitochondria related molecules, TRAF6, in fibrocyte. In addition, the count of CD45+/αSMA + double-positive fibrocyte was decreased in the EPO-administered UUO kidneys. CONCLUSION EPO signals function to prevent kidney fibrosis, particularly in fibrocyte. Regulating the renal accumulation of fibrocyte is a part of the anti-fibrotic functions of EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Iwata
- Division of Infection Control, Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, 920-8641, Kanazawa , Japan. .,Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakajima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Hisayuki Ogura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taichiro Minami
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Miyagawa
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kengo Furuichi
- Division of Nephrology, Kanazawa Medical University School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Cytoprotective effects of erythropoietin: What about the lung? Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111547. [PMID: 33831836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a pleiotropic cytokine, essential for erythropoiesis. Epo and its receptor (Epo-R) are produced by several tissues and it is now admitted that Epo displays other physiological functions than red blood cell synthesis. Indeed, Epo provides cytoprotective effects, which consist in prevention or fight against pathological processes. This perspective article reviews the various protective effects of Epo in several organs and tries to give a proof of concept about its effects in the lung. The tissue-protective effects of Epo could be a promising approach to limit the symptoms of acute and chronic lung diseases.
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Guo YZ, Jiang YN, Li YF, Kurihara H, Dai Y, He RR. Clinical Prescription-Protein-Small Molecule-Disease Strategy (CPSD), A New Strategy for Chinese Medicine Development: A Case Study in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1564. [PMID: 32038243 PMCID: PMC6987446 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine is a national treasure that has been passed down for thousands of years in China. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, there are currently four billion people in the world who use Chinese medicine to treat diseases, accounting for 80% of the world's total population. However, the obscurity of its theory, its unmanageable quality, its complex compositions, and the unknown effective substances and mechanisms are great obstacles to the internationalization of Chinese medicine. Here, we propose a new strategy for the development of Chinese medicine: the clinical prescription (C)-protein (P)-small-molecule (S)-disease (D) strategy, namely the CPSD strategy. The strategy uses clinical prescriptions as the source of medicine and uses computer simulation technology to find small-molecule drugs targeting therapeutic proteins for treating specific diseases so as to deepen awareness of the value of Chinese medicine. At the same time, this article takes cardiovascular drug development as an example to introduce the application of CPSD, which will be instrumental in the further development, modernization, and internationalization of Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Guo
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Nan Jiang
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Jin J, Li K. Erythropoietin protects propofol induced neuronal injury in developing rats by regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway abstract. Neurosci Lett 2019; 712:134517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yin D, Wan Q, Ye Q, Deng Y, Lin B, Wu L. Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy induced by Visfatin in H9c2 Embryonic Rat Cardiac Cells via ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.503.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Liu F, Wen Y, Kang J, Wei C, Wang M, Zheng Z, Peng J. Regulation of TLR4 expression mediates the attenuating effect of erythropoietin on inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in rat heart. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1436-1444. [PMID: 29845292 PMCID: PMC6089778 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory or antifibrotic activity of erythropoietin (EPO) in myocardial fibrosis (MF) remains elusive. In the current study, abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) was performed on rats and EPO and/or Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 were overexpressed in rat hearts through intramyocardial administration of lentivirus expressing the EPO and TLR4 genes. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed on tissue sections from rat hearts for histopathological examination. ELISA was used to determine the levels of inflammatory mediators in serum. Gene expression levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. The results indicated that EPO overexpression improved MF in rat hearts, by inhibiting the release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2. Moreover, EPO overexpression suppressed the expression of TLR4, while promoting phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) expression levels. However, the beneficial effects of EPO were attenuated by overexpression of TLR4. In addition, inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling activity by treatment with LY294002 markedly reversed the protective effect of EPO on the AAC-induced MF. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that EPO may have a critical role against MF by activating PI3K/Akt signaling and by down-regulating TLR4 expression, thereby inhibiting the release of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, MMP-9 and MMP-2. These findings suggest that the PI3K/Akt/TLR4 signaling pathway is associated with the anti-inflammatory effects of EPO and may play a role in attenuating AAC-induced MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jinyuan Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Menghong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jingtian Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Desantis V, Frassanito MA, Tamma R, Saltarella I, Di Marzo L, Lamanuzzi A, Solimando AG, Ruggieri S, Annese T, Nico B, Vacca A, Ribatti D. Rhu-Epo down-regulates pro-tumorigenic activity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1251-1258. [PMID: 29589107 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is involved in the regulation of the angiogenic response in multiple myeloma (MM) through a direct effect on macrophages and endothelial cells isolated from the bone marrow of patients with MM. The aim of the present study was designed to determine the effects of rHuEpo on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and MM patients by means of in vitro and in vivo assays. rHuEpo treatment reduces the expression of mRNA levels of fibroblast activation markers, namely alpha smooth actin (αSMA) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in MGUS and MM CAFs, and of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in MM CAFs. Moreover, rHuEpo inhibits the proliferative activity of MM CAFs and increased the apoptosis of MGUS and MM CAFs. Overall, these data suggest that rHu-Epo down-regulates CAFs pro-tumorigenic activity. Moreover, these results are not suggestive for a pro-angiogenic activity of rHuEpo on CAFs. In fact, rHuEpo pre-treatment induces a low angiogenic response in vivo in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay of MGUS and MM CAFs conditioned medium, not comparable to that of a well-known angiogenic cytokine, VEGF-A, tested in the same assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Simona Ruggieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico - Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
- National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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