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Abstract
Almost 25 years have passed since a mutation of a formin gene, DIAPH1, was identified as being responsible for a human inherited disorder: a form of sensorineural hearing loss. Since then, our knowledge of the links between formins and disease has deepened considerably. Mutations of DIAPH1 and six other formin genes (DAAM2, DIAPH2, DIAPH3, FMN2, INF2 and FHOD3) have been identified as the genetic cause of a variety of inherited human disorders, including intellectual disability, renal disease, peripheral neuropathy, thrombocytopenia, primary ovarian insufficiency, hearing loss and cardiomyopathy. In addition, alterations in formin genes have been associated with a variety of pathological conditions, including developmental defects affecting the heart, nervous system and kidney, aging-related diseases, and cancer. This review summarizes the most recent discoveries about the involvement of formin alterations in monogenic disorders and other human pathological conditions, especially cancer, with which they have been associated. In vitro results and experiments in modified animal models are discussed. Finally, we outline the directions for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel A. Alonso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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2
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Carman KB, Kaplan E, Aslan CN, Kocagil S, Cilinigr O, Yarar C. Wiedemann–Steiner Syndrome: A Rare Differential Diagnosis of Neurodevelopmental Delay and Dysmorphic Features. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 11:162-164. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWiedemann–Steiner syndrome (WSS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by dysmorphic features, neurodevelopmental delay, growth retardation, and hypertrichosis cubiti. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the KMT2A gene. Here, we report a child with WSS presented with neurodevelopmental delay. Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous c.2312dupC (p.Ser774Valfs*11) variant at the KMT2A gene that was classified as pathogenic in dbSNP (rs1057518649). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first patient of WSS from Turkey. This case draws attention to the diagnosis of WSS in children with neurodevelopmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kursat Bora Carman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Emre Kaplan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cefa Nil Aslan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sinem Kocagil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Oguz Cilinigr
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Coskun Yarar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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3
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Altered mechanisms of genital development identified through integration of DNA methylation and genomic measures in hypospadias. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12715. [PMID: 32728162 PMCID: PMC7391634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypospadias is a common birth defect where the urethral opening forms on the ventral side of the penis. We performed integrative methylomic, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses to characterize sites of DNA methylation that influence genital development. In case–control and case-only epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of preputial tissue we identified 25 CpGs associated with hypospadias characteristics and used one-sample two stage least squares Mendelian randomization (2SLS MR) to show a causal relationship for 21 of the CpGs. The largest difference was 15.7% lower beta-value at cg14436889 among hypospadias cases than controls (EWAS P = 5.4e−7) and is likely causal (2SLS MR P = 9.8e−15). Integrative annotation using two-sample Mendelian randomization of these methylation regions highlight potentially causal roles of genes involved in germ layer differentiation (WDHD1, DNM1L, TULP3), beta-catenin signaling (PKP2, UBE2R2, TNKS), androgens (CYP4A11, CYP4A22, CYP4B1, CYP4X1, CYP4Z2P, EPHX1, CD33/SIGLEC3, SIGLEC5, SIGLEC7, KLK5, KLK7, KLK10, KLK13, KLK14), and reproductive traits (ACAA1, PLCD1, EFCAB4B, GMCL1, MKRN2, DNM1L, TEAD4, TSPAN9, KLK family). This study identified CpGs that remained differentially methylated after urogenital development and used the most relevant tissue sample available to study hypospadias. We identified multiple methylation sites and candidate genes that can be further evaluated for their roles in regulating urogenital development.
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4
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Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WSS), its correlation to hypotonia and developmental delay, and to determine the relative intervention strategies that may be useful during early intervention from birth to 3 years. METHODS A literature search using PEDro and PubMed was conducted using key words "Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome," "hypotonia," and "developmental delay" and a case study is presented. RESULTS A 36-month-old child with WSS received PT intervention beginning at 2 months old. Addition of orthotics and treadmill walking was added at 13 and 19 months, respectively. The child progressed through developmental sequences from rolling, sitting, standing, and walking although consistently scored with motor delay of -2 SD. CONCLUSIONS Fifty-seven percent of children diagnosed with WSS have hypotonia, and 90% have developmental delay. The diagnosis of WSS should require physical therapy services through early intervention programs due to its high correlation with motor developmental delay and disability. Determination of progress should be measured with achievement of function rather than norm-referenced outcome measures.Video Abstract: For more insights from the authors, access Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Mendoza
- Transitional Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, College of Saint Scholastica, Duluth, Minnesota
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5
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Ramirez-Montaño D, Pachajoa H. Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome with a novel pathogenic variant in KMT2A: a case report. Colomb Med (Cali) 2019; 50:40-45. [PMID: 31168168 PMCID: PMC6536042 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i1.3555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Case Description: We report the case of a one-year-old girl who was diagnosed with Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome based on the identification of a novel de novo frameshift mutation in the KMT2A gene by whole exome sequencing and supported by her clinical features. Clinical Findings: KMT2A mutations cause Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome, a very rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, short stature, intellectual disability, and distinct facial features. Treatment and Outcome: Whole exome sequencing identified a novel frameshift variant: c. 4177dupA (p.Ile1393Asnfs * 14) in KMT2A; this change generates an alteration of the specific binding to non-methylated CpG motifs of the DNA to the protein. The genotype and phenotype of the patient were compared with those of earlier reported patients in the literature. Clinical Relevance: In diseases with low frequency, it is necessary to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation that allows the establishment of therapeutic and follow-up goals. The phenotype comparation with other reported cases did not show differences attributable to sex or age among patients with Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome. Whole exome sequencing allows identifying causality in conditions with high clinical and genetic heterogeneity like hypertrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ramirez-Montaño
- Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas y Enfermedades Raras (CIACER). Cali, Colombia
| | - Harry Pachajoa
- Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas y Enfermedades Raras (CIACER). Cali, Colombia.,Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili. Cali, Colombia
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6
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Feldman HR, Dlouhy SR, Lah MD, Payne KK, Weaver DD. The progression of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome in adulthood and two novel variants in the KMT2A gene. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 179:300-305. [PMID: 30549396 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.60698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome is a genetic condition associated with dysmorphic facies, hypertrichosis, short stature, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Congenital malformations of the cerebral, cardiac, renal, and optic structures have also been reported. Because the majority of reported individuals with this condition have been under age 20, the long-term prognosis is not well defined. Here we report on two further unrelated individuals diagnosed with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome, one of whom is in her third decade of life. In addition, both individuals have novel KMT2A mutations. The information provided below about the outcome in Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome is important for families of affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey R Feldman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Stephen R Dlouhy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Melissa D Lah
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Katelyn K Payne
- Section of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - David D Weaver
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Li N, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang P, Huang H, Xiong S, Sun L, Cheng M, Song C, Cheng X, Ding Y, Chang G, Chen Y, Xu Y, Yu T, Yao RE, Shen Y, Wang X, Wang J. Description of the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome in Chinese patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:178. [PMID: 30305169 PMCID: PMC6180513 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by facial gestalt, neurodevelopmental delay, skeletal anomalies and growth retardation, which is caused by variation of KMT2A gene. To date, only 2 Chinese WDSTS patients have been reported. Here, we report the phenotypes and KMT2A gene variations in 14 unrelated Chinese WDSTS patients and investigate the phenotypic differences between the Chinese and French cohorts. Methods Next generation sequencing was performed for each patient, and the variants in the KMT2A gene were validated by Sanger sequencing. The phenotypes of 16 Chinese WDSTS patients were summarized and compared to 33 French patients. Results Genetic sequencing identified 13 deleterious de novo KMT2A variants in 14 patients, including 10 truncating, 2 missenses and 1 splicing variants. Of the 13 variants, 11 are novel and two have been reported previously. One of the patients is mosaic in the KMT2A gene. The variation spectra and phenotypic profiles of the Chinese WDSTS patients showed no difference with patients of other ethnicities; however, differ in the frequencies of several clinical features. We demonstrated that variations in the KMT2A gene can lead to both advanced and delayed bone age. We identified 6 novel phenotypes, which include microcephaly, deep palmar crease, external ear deformity, carpal epiphyseal growth retardation, dyslipidemia, and glossoptosis. In addition, patients harbored missense variants in the CXXC zinc finger domain of KMT2A showed more severe neurophenotypes. Conclusion Our study consists of the largest cohort of Chinese WDSTS patients that continues to expand the WDSTS phenotypic and variation spectrum. Our results support the notion that the CXXC zinc finger domain of KMT2A gene is a hotspot for missense variants associated with more severe neurophenotypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-018-0909-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yirou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | | | - Hui Huang
- Central laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiyi Xiong
- Fetal Medicine Unit & Prenatal diagnosis center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Luming Sun
- Fetal Medicine Unit & Prenatal diagnosis center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Cui Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xinran Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610091, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guoying Chang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yufei Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ru-En Yao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yiping Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Lebrun N, Giurgea I, Goldenberg A, Dieux A, Afenjar A, Ghoumid J, Diebold B, Mietton L, Briand-Suleau A, Billuart P, Bienvenu T. Molecular and cellular issues of KMT2A variants involved in Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 26:107-116. [PMID: 29203834 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in KMT2A, encoding the histone methyltransferase KMT2A, are a growing cause of intellectual disability (ID). Up to now, the majority of KMT2A variants are non-sense and frameshift variants causing a typical form of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome. We studied KMT2A gene in a cohort of 200 patients with unexplained syndromic and non-syndromic ID and identified four novel variants, one splice and three missense variants, possibly deleterious. We used primary cells from the patients and molecular approaches to determine the deleterious effects of those variants on KMT2A expression and function. For the putative splice variant c.11322-1G>A, we showed that it led to only one nucleotide deletion and loss of the C-terminal part of the protein. For two studied KMT2A missense variants, c.3460C>T (p.(Arg1154Trp)) and c.8558T>G (p.(Met2853Arg)), located at the cysteine-rich CXXC domain and the transactivation domain of the protein, respectively, we found altered KMT2A target genes expression in patient's fibroblasts compared to controls. Furthermore, we found a disturbed subcellular distribution of KMT2A for the c.3460C>T mutant. Taken together, our results demonstrated the deleterious impact of the splice variant and of the missense variants located at two different functional domains and suggested reduction of KMT2A function as the disease-causing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Lebrun
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, U1016, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Irina Giurgea
- Service de Génétique, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Service de génétique, CHU de Rouen et Inserm U1079, Université de Rouen, Center Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, France
| | - Anne Dieux
- Service de génétique clinique Guy Fontaine CHRU de Lille - Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre Avenue Eugène Avinée, 59037, LILLE, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- GRC Concer-LD, Sorbonne universités, Département de Génétique et Embryologie Médicale, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Jamal Ghoumid
- Service de génétique clinique Guy Fontaine CHRU de Lille - Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre Avenue Eugène Avinée, 59037, LILLE, France
| | - Bertrand Diebold
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Léo Mietton
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, U1016, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Briand-Suleau
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Billuart
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, U1016, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, U1016, Paris, France. .,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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9
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Bogaert DJ, Dullaers M, Kuehn HS, Leroy BP, Niemela JE, De Wilde H, De Schryver S, De Bruyne M, Coppieters F, Lambrecht BN, De Baets F, Rosenzweig SD, De Baere E, Haerynck F. Early-onset primary antibody deficiency resembling common variable immunodeficiency challenges the diagnosis of Wiedeman-Steiner and Roifman syndromes. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28623346 PMCID: PMC5473876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Syndromic primary immunodeficiencies are rare genetic disorders that affect both the immune system and other organ systems. More often, the immune defect is not the major clinical problem and is sometimes only recognized after a diagnosis has been made based on extra-immunological abnormalities. Here, we report two sibling pairs with syndromic primary immunodeficiencies that exceptionally presented with a phenotype resembling early-onset common variable immunodeficiency, while extra-immunological characteristics were not apparent at that time. Additional features not typically associated with common variable immunodeficiency were diagnosed only later, including skeletal and organ anomalies and mild facial dysmorphism. Whole exome sequencing revealed KMT2A-associated Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome in one sibling pair and their mother. In the other sibling pair, targeted testing of the known disease gene for Roifman syndrome (RNU4ATAC) provided a definite diagnosis. With this study, we underline the importance of an early-stage and thorough genetic assessment in paediatric patients with a common variable immunodeficiency phenotype, to establish a conclusive diagnosis and guide patient management. In addition, this study extends the mutational and immunophenotypical spectrum of Wiedemann-Steiner and Roifman syndromes and highlights potential directions for future pathophysiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfien J Bogaert
- Clinical Immunology Research Lab, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melissa Dullaers
- Clinical Immunology Research Lab, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hye Sun Kuehn
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Centre, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bart P Leroy
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Division of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Julie E Niemela
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Centre, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hans De Wilde
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Schryver
- Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marieke De Bruyne
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frauke Coppieters
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans De Baets
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Centre, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elfride De Baere
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Clinical Immunology Research Lab, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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10
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Aggarwal A, Rodriguez-Buritica DF, Northrup H. Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome: Novel pathogenic variant and review of literature. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:285-288. [PMID: 28359930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature, intellectual disability and distinctive facial appearance. We present a five-year-old boy who was diagnosed with WDSTS based on identification of a novel de novo pathogenic variant in the KMT2A gene (OMIM: 159555) by Whole Exome Sequencing and supported by some characteristic clinical features. Genotype and phenotype of the patient is compared with the earlier reported patients in the literature, in an attempt to broaden our knowledge of this rare syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Aggarwal
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - David F Rodriguez-Buritica
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Hope Northrup
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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11
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Sun Y, Hu G, Liu H, Zhang X, Huang Z, Yan H, Wang L, Fan Y, Gu X, Yu Y. Further delineation of the phenotype of truncating KMT2A mutations: The extended Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:510-514. [PMID: 27759909 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
KMT2A mutations cause Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS), which is characterized by hypertrichosis cubiti, short stature, and distinct facial features in general. Here, we report two Chinese boys with novel nonsense KMT2A mutations. Most of their phenotypes are concordant with WDSTS. They, however, lack the key WDSTS feature-hypertrichosis cubiti. Additionally, their transverse palmar creases are absent. We further summarized the genotypes and phenotypes of the KMT2A mutation carriers. The consensus phenotypes include postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay, short stature, and intellectual disability. The common facial features include thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, downslanting, and narrow palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, and broad nasal tip. They have generalized hypertrichosis. A hairy back can be observed as frequently as hairy elbows in patients with KMT2A mutations. Absent palmar proximal transverse creases are only observed in these two Chinese boys. This might be due to the difference in ethnic background. Thus far, all mutations in KMT2A are located before the FYRC domain. They would truncate KMT2A mRNA transcripts. Haploinsufficiency of the histone methyltransferase activity would therefore influence transcriptional regulation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Guorui Hu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Liu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Fan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefan Gu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongguo Yu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
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