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Wiebe JE, Rowe LW, Boente CS, Borschel GH. Single-Stage Bilateral Corneal Neurotization for Neurotrophic Keratopathy in Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2024; 61:e54-e58. [PMID: 39301824 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20240807-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The authors report the surgical management and outcomes of neurotrophic keratopathy in two patients with Stüve-Weidemann syndrome who underwent single-stage bilateral corneal neurotization. Both patients experienced improvement in corneal sensation based on Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry measurements or cotton tip testing in addition to clinical improvement in ocular surface health. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2024;61(5):e54-e58.].
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Paul I, Roy A, Chakrabarti D, Nandi C, Ray S. Mutations in LIFR rewire the JAK/STAT signaling pathway: A study unveiling mechanistic details of Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108797. [PMID: 38968765 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by diminutive size, curvature of the elongated bones, bent fingers, episodes of heightened body temperature, respiratory distress or periods of breath-holding, and challenges with feeding, especially causes fatality in infants. SWS is an outcome of potential missense mutations in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor gene reflected as numerous amino acid mutations at protein level. Employing in silico tools and techniques like mutational screening with Pred_MutHTP, I-Mutant2.0, PANTHER.db, PolyPhen, to classify mutations as deleterious/destabilizing, in conjunction with experimental data analysis, P136A and S279P emerged as 'effect'-causing mutations. Pre-existing knowledge suggests, SWS progression is effectuated conformationally altered and dysfunctional LIFR, unable to bind to LIF and further form the LIF/LIFR/gp130 signalling complex. To gain functional insights into the effect of the said mutations on the wild type protein, an all-atom, explicit, solvent molecular dynamics simulation was performed following docking approaches. Consequently, referring to the RMSD, RMSF, protein dynamic network analysis, energy landscape plots and domain motion analysis, it was revealed that unbound LIFR_WT was more prone to LIF binding as usual whereas the mutants exhibited considerable domain closure to inhibit LIF binding. We conducted binding affinity analysis via MM/GBSA and dissociation constant estimation after LIFR-LIF docking and found the WT_complex to be more stable and compact as a whole when compared to the flexible mutant complexes thus being associated with SWS. Our study offers a route for understanding molecular level implications upon LIFR mutations which opens an avenue for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Paul
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Alankar Roy
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Chandreyee Nandi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujay Ray
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India.
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3
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Bhalla D, Sati S, Basel D, Karody V. A novel termination site in a case of Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome: case report and review of literature. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1341841. [PMID: 38628360 PMCID: PMC11018973 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1341841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by bowing of long bones, dysautonomia, temperature dysregulation, swallowing and feeding difficulties, and frequent respiratory infections. Respiratory distress and hyperthermic events are the leading causes of early neonatal death, and most patients are not expected to survive past infancy. Here, we report on the survival of a 5-year-old male with SWS, discussing his case presentation, providing a brief clinical course, and discussing the outcome. This case adds to the literature surrounding rare instances of childhood survivors of SWS and raises awareness for this syndrome to facilitate an earlier recognition, intervention, and genetic counseling for the families, thereby improving understanding of this disease and the health outcomes for the children affected by this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Bhalla
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sunil Sati
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Donald Basel
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Vijender Karody
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Cores ML, de los Bueis AB. Implications of neuropathy and management of the corneal surface in a patient with Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome. Rom J Ophthalmol 2023; 67:412-415. [PMID: 38239413 PMCID: PMC10793370 DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2023.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To describe the ophthalmological management of a girl diagnosed with Stuve Wiedemann syndrome (SWS). Clinical and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) are described. Methods: Case report of a 6-year-old girl, who presented with neurotrophic keratitis and was treated with intense lubrication including heterologous serum and tear plugs. Results: In the following months, the evolution of the neurotrophic keratitis was good, but a hypertrophic corneal leukoma persisted with mild neovascularization in the left eye. Conclusion: Close ophthalmological follow-up in patients with SWS is needed, given that most of the time they do not present symptoms due to the characteristic neuropathy of their lesions. Abbreviations: SWS = Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome, IVCM = in vivo confocal microscopy, CNTF = ciliary neurotrophic factor, BCVA = best corrected visual acuity, LIFR = Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor, IGF1 = Insulin-like growth factor-1.
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Almuhanna N, Alogayell L, Alkhezzi S, Al-Malki S, Alhamazani R, Altassan F, Alsuhibani A, Alowairdhi Y, Alekrish K, Alhomida FA. A rare presentation of multiple eruptive vellus hair cysts and dystrophic nails in a pediatric patient with Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 38:89-91. [PMID: 37484655 PMCID: PMC10362007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Almuhanna
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lulwa Alogayell
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alkhezzi
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Al-Malki
- Department of Pathology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Alhamazani
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Altassan
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alsuhibani
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed Alowairdhi
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alekrish
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris A. Alhomida
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Wang J, Karime C, Majeed U, Starr JS, Borad MJ, Babiker HM. Targeting Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37092893 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2206558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family. Known to induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, evidence has accumulated supporting its role in cancer evolution though regulating cell differentiation, renewal, and survival. LIF has recently emerged as a biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The first-in-human clinical trial has shown promising safety profile and has suggested a potential role for LIF inhibitor in combination regimen. AREAS COVERED Herein, we summarize, discuss, and give an expert opinion on the role of LIF in PDAC promotion, and its potential role as a biomarker and target of anti-cancer therapy. We conducted an exhaustive PubMed search for English-language articles published from January 1, 1970, to August 1, 2022. EXPERT OPINION PDAC carries a devastating prognosis for patients, highlighting the need for advancing drug development. The results of the phase 1 trial with MSC-1 demonstrated tolerability and safety but modest efficacy. Future research should focus on investigating LIF targets in combination with current standard-of-care chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be a promising approach. Further, larger multicenter clinical trials are needed to define the use of LIF as a new biomarker in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Umair Majeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jason S Starr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Mitesh J Borad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona USA
| | - Hani M Babiker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Warnier H, Barrea C, Bethlen S, Schrouff I, Harvengt J. Clinical overview and outcome of the Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome: a systematic review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:174. [PMID: 35461249 PMCID: PMC9034487 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) is a rare and severe genetic disease characterized by skeletal anomalies and dysautonomic disturbances requiring appropriate care. Peer support is mandatory to fill the lack of clinical recommendations in such rare diseases. We report a new case and provide the first systematic review of all previous published cases. OBJECTIVE To better describe the timeline of SWS and to improve paediatric management. DATA SOURCES SWS English publications available on Pubmed until 31/03/2021. STUDY SELECTION Case description combining typical osteo-articular and dysautonomic involvement (with 2 items by categories required for children < 2 years and 3 items > 2 years). DATA EXTRACTION Demographic, clinical, genetics and outcome data. RESULTS In our cohort of 69 patients, the median age at report was 32 months. Only 46% presented antenatal signs. Mortality rate is higher during the first 2 years (42% < 2 years; 10% > 2 years) mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension appearing to be a poor prognosis factor (mortality rate 63%). After 2 years, orthopaedic symptoms significantly increase including joint mobility restriction (81%), spinal deformations (77%) and fractures (61%). CONCLUSIONS Natural history of SWS is marked by a high mortality rate before 2 years due to dysautonomic disturbances. A specialized multidisciplinary approach is needed to address these early mortality risks and then adapt to the specific, mainly orthopaedic, needs of patients after 2 years of age. Further research is required to provide clinical guidelines and improve pre-natal counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Barrea
- Department of Paediatrics, Neuropeadiatrics, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sarah Bethlen
- Department of Physical Medicine, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Julie Harvengt
- Department of Human Genetics, CHU of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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8
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Metcalfe S. KILLING THE CURE? Is targeting LIF to treat pancreatic cancer a dangerous case of mistaken identity? MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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9
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Jorgensen MM, de la Puente P. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor: An Important Cytokine in Pathologies and Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020217. [PMID: 35204717 PMCID: PMC8961628 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a member of the IL-6 cytokine family and is expressed in almost every tissue type within the body. Although LIF was named for its ability to induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, studies of LIF in additional diseases and solid tumor types have shown that it has the potential to contribute to many other pathologies. Exploring the roles of LIF in normal physiology and non-cancer pathologies can give important insights into how it may be dysregulated within cancers, and the possible effects of this dysregulation. Within various cancer types, LIF expression has been linked to hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance, as well as overall patient survival. The mechanisms behind these effects of LIF are not well understood and can differ between different tissue types. In fact, research has shown that while LIF may promote malignancy progression in some solid tumors, it can have anti-neoplastic effects in others. This review will summarize current knowledge of how LIF expression impacts cellular function and dysfunction to help reveal new adjuvant treatment options for cancer patients, while also revealing potential adverse effects of treatments targeting LIF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Jorgensen
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- MD/PhD Program, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Pilar de la Puente
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
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10
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Alallah J, Alamoudi LO, Makki RM, Shawli A, AlHarbi AT. Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome with a novel mutation in a Saudi infant. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2021; 9:143-146. [PMID: 35663789 PMCID: PMC9152555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A full-term male infant born from consanguineous Saudi parents, with one other live child, is suspected to have skeletal dysplasia on a fetal anomaly scan. Clinical findings at birth included short stature, bowed long bone affecting the lower limbs more than the upper limbs, severe joint contractures with restricted movement, failure to thrive, hypertonia, and camptodactyly of the index fingers. During infancy, the baby is noted to have sucking and swallowing difficulties necessitated nasogastric tube feeding, and recurrent respiratory distress episodes with frequent admissions due to respiratory failure required intensive care admission and mechanical ventilation. The skeletal survey demonstrated dysplasia of long bones and spine. To investigate a suspect genetic syndrome, a whole-exome sequencing test was performed, which identified a novel homozygous mutation in the LIFR gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubara Alallah
- Neonatology Section, Paediatric Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City-WR, Ministry Of National Guard, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Neonatology Section, Pediatric Department, king Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard health Affair, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. P.O.Box 9515, Jeddah, 2123, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Loujen Omar Alamoudi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Mohmmed Makki
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman Shawli
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Departments of Clinical Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Singh K, Borghol K, Williams R, McMillan K. Oral ulceration in Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome: a new presentation. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/8/e241530. [PMID: 34344643 PMCID: PMC8336181 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-241530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder, causing dysautonomia and multisystem failure. Symptoms include skeletal malformations, restricted joint mobility and desensitisation to pain. Patients with SWS presenting with intraoral lesions are extremely rare and this is probably due to their shortened lifespan. We present a case of a 9-month-old patient who presented to our Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS)Unit with a chronic inflamed ulcer affecting the tongue, secondary to trauma from erupting central incisors. We believe that depapillation in conjunction with an increased pain threshold contributed to its development. The patient was successfully treated by extraction of the lower central incisors and intralesional steroid injections under general anaesthetic. This case highlights that patients with SWS can present to the OMFS clinician with oral lesions and that they can be safely managed under general anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Singh
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Khaled Borghol
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rhodri Williams
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kevin McMillan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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12
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Lloreda-García JM, Fernández-Fructuoso JR, Martínez-Albaladejo I. [Stüve-Wiedemann syndrom mimicking neonatal sepsis]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 96:S1695-4033(20)30508-7. [PMID: 33376058 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose María Lloreda-García
- Sección de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Complejo Hospitalario de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, España.
| | - Jose Ramón Fernández-Fructuoso
- Sección de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Complejo Hospitalario de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, España
| | - Inmaculada Martínez-Albaladejo
- Sección de Neurología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Complejo Hospitalario de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, España
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13
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Siccha SM, Cueto AM, Parrón-Pajares M, González-Morán G, Pacio-Miguez M, Del Pozo Á, Solís M, Rodriguez-Jimenez C, Caino S, Fano V, Heath KE, García-Miñaúr S, Palomares-Bralo M, Santos-Simarro F. Delineation of the clinical and radiological features of Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome childhood survivors, four new cases and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:856-865. [PMID: 33305909 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS; MIM 601559) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the leukemia inhibitor factor receptor gene (LIFR). Common clinical and radiological findings are often observed, and high neonatal mortality occurs due to respiratory distress and hyperthermic episodes. Despite initially considered as a lethal disorder during the newborn period, in recent years, several SWS childhood survivors have been reported. We report a detailed clinical and radiological characterization of four unrelated childhood SWS molecularly confirmed patients and review 22 previously reported childhood surviving cases. We contribute to the definition of the childhood survival phenotype of SWS, emphasizing the evolving phenotype, characterized by skeletal abnormalities with typical radiological findings, distinctive dysmorphic features, and dysautonomia. Based on the typical features and clinical course, early diagnosis is possible and crucial to plan appropriate management and prevent potential complications. Genetic confirmation is advisable in order to improve genetic counseling to the patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía M Siccha
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna María Cueto
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN CRANIO, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Parrón-Pajares
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and ERN BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaspar González-Morán
- Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and ERN BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pacio-Miguez
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Del Pozo
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Solís
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Caino
- Growth and Developmental Department Hospital de Pediatría Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Fano
- Growth and Developmental Department Hospital de Pediatría Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen E Heath
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and ERN BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaúr
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Palomares-Bralo
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and ERN BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,European Reference Network, ERN ITHACA, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, U753), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Metcalfe SM. LIF and the lung’s stem cell niche: is failure to use LIF to protect against COVID-19 a grave omission in managing the pandemic? Future Virol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7643387 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
What tips the SARS/COVID-19 balance into severe pneumonia, rather than recovery? Is it insufficient LIF – the lung’s own protective growth factor at the blood–air barrier?
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Affiliation(s)
- Su M Metcalfe
- University of Cambridge Clinical School, Cambridge UK
- LIFNanoRx Ltd, Cambridge, UK
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15
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COVID-19 lockdown: de-risking exit by protecting the lung with leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF). MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [PMCID: PMC7227543 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two key needs in COVID-19 management: (i) to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral infection rate; and (ii) to reduce death rate of those infected - the subject of this commentary. The current WHO estimated global mortality rate is 3.4% (March 2020) and the global death toll has now past 200,000 (April 2020). Without therapy the COVID-19 pandemic is escalating exponentially: from the first reported death in Wuhan China 10th January 2020, it took 91 days for the global death toll to pass 100,000 - then a further 16 days to reach 200,000. A vaccination program will take 1–2 years to roll out, once safety and efficacy is proven. Anti-virals are being sought mainly amongst repurposed drug candidates but also with combinatorial screening of libraries, for example to block virus binding angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) - ACE2 providing the receptor on cells that allows viral entry. Cell-based approaches include stem cells and exosomes but these will never meet scale of need whilst also carrying risk of viral transmission if contaminated. Countries have introduced Population control with social distancing and lockdown to isolate individuals: this has reduced infectivity rate - “R” - where R denotes the average number of people an infected person will spread the illness to. But, after lockdown, the virus remains: the probability of R increasing again is high. The new danger is exit from lockdown. Here, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) represents an untapped resource to boost the lung's own resistance to developing COVID-19 - reducing risk of severe disease as nations cautiously leave lockdown to return to normality. Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) protects the lung from SARS-induced viral Inflammation Therapeutic LIF will reduce mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic Exit from Lock-Down will be de-risked, benefiting global recovery both in health and the economy.
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Lobato-Berezo A, Tormo-Mainar S, Pujol RM. Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome with multiple eruptive vellus hair cysts and clefted tongue. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:381-382. [PMID: 31975458 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive congenital primary skeletal dysplasia, characterized by small stature, bowed long bones, joint restrictions, hyperthermic episodes, dysautonomia, and respiratory and feeding difficulties, that usually leads to early mortality. Cutaneous manifestations have rarely been reported. We report the case of a girl with Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome presenting with progressive development of multiple eruptive vellus hair cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Tormo-Mainar
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon M Pujol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Salva JE, Roberts RR, Stucky TS, Merrill AE. Nuclear FGFR2 regulates musculoskeletal integration within the developing limb. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:233-246. [PMID: 30620790 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bent bone dysplasia syndrome (BBDS), a congenital skeletal disorder caused by dominant mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), is characterized by bowed long bones within the limbs. We previously showed that the FGFR2 mutations in BBDS enhance nuclear and nucleolar localization of the receptor; however, exactly how shifts in subcellular distribution of FGFR2 affect limb development remained unknown. RESULTS Targeted expression of the BBDS mutations in the lateral plate mesoderm of the developing chick induced angulated hindlimbs, a hallmark feature of the disease. Whole-mount analysis of the underlying skeleton revealed bent long bones with shortened bone collars and, in severe cases, dysmorphic epiphyses. Epiphyseal changes were also correlated with joint dislocations and contractures. Histological analysis revealed that bent long bones and joint defects were closely associated with irregularities in skeletal muscle patterning and tendon-to-bone attachment. The spectrum of limb phenotypes induced by the BBDS mutations were recapitulated by targeted expression of wild-type FGFR2 appended with nuclear and nucleolar localization signals. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the bent long bones in BBDS arise from disruptions in musculoskeletal integration and that increased nuclear and nucleolar localization of FGFR2 plays a mechanistic role in the disease phenotype. 248:233-246, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Salva
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ryan R Roberts
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Taylor S Stucky
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy E Merrill
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome: recurrent neonatal infections caused by impairment of JAK/STAT 3 pathway. Clin Dysmorphol 2019; 28:57-62. [PMID: 30614825 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (OMIM #601559) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skeletal dysplasia, consecutive infections, feeding difficulties and autonomic dysregulation. We present an Afro-Caribbean family with two siblings diagnosed with Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome. The underlying loss-of-function mutation in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor gene is thought to impair proper functioning of the JAK/STAT 3 pathway. As this affects normal functioning of T-helper cells, these patients are prone to infections with uncommon pathogens as illustrated by this case.
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Kosfeld A, Brand F, Weiss AC, Kreuzer M, Goerk M, Martens H, Schubert S, Schäfer AK, Riehmer V, Hennies I, Bräsen JH, Pape L, Amann K, Krogvold L, Bjerre A, Daniel C, Kispert A, Haffner D, Weber RG. Mutations in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene and Lifr deficiency cause urinary tract malformations. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1716-1731. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Oxford AE, Jorcyk CL, Oxford JT. Neuropathies of Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome due to mutations in leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:37-44. [PMID: 28058407 DOI: 10.29245/2572.942x/2016/7.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (STWS; OMIM #610559) is a rare disease that results in dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary processes such as breathing rate and body temperature. In infants, this can result in respiratory distress, feeding and swallowing difficulties, and hyperthermic episodes. Individuals may sweat excessively when body temperature is not elevated. Additionally, individuals have reduced ability to feel pain and may lose reflexes such as the corneal reflex that normally causes one to blink, and the patellar reflex resulting in the knee-jerk. STWS usually results in infant mortality, yet some STWS patients survive into early adulthood. STWS is caused by a mutation in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene, which is inherited in an autosomal-recessive pattern. Most LIFR mutations resulting in STWS cause instability of the mRNA due to frameshift mutations leading to premature stop codons, which prevent the formation of LIFR protein. STWS is managed on a symptomatic basis as no treatment is currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Oxford
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, 1910 University Drive, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, 1910 University Drive, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, 1910 University Drive, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725
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