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Janket SJ, Fraser DD, Baird AE, Tamimi F, Sohaei D, Conte HA, Prassas I, Diamandis EP. Tachykinins and the potential causal factors for post-COVID-19 condition. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2023; 4:e642-e650. [PMID: 37327802 PMCID: PMC10263974 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition are pulmonary dysfunction, fatigue and muscle weakness, anxiety, anosmia, dysgeusia, headaches, difficulty in concentrating, sexual dysfunction, and digestive disturbances. Hence, neurological dysfunction and autonomic impairments predominate in post-COVID-19 condition. Tachykinins including the most studied substance P are neuropeptides expressed throughout the nervous and immune systems, and contribute to many physiopathological processes in the nervous, immune, gastrointestinal, respiratory, urogenital, and dermal systems and participate in inflammation, nociception, and cell proliferation. Substance P is a key molecule in neuroimmune crosstalk; immune cells near the peripheral nerve endings can send signals to the brain with cytokines, which highlights the important role of tachykinins in neuroimmune communication. We reviewed the evidence that relates the symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition to the functions of tachykinins and propose a putative pathogenic mechanism. The antagonism of tachykinins receptors can be a potential treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok-Ja Janket
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Douglas D Fraser
- Paediatric Critical Care, Western University and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alison E Baird
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dorsa Sohaei
- McGill University School of Medicine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Harry A Conte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Johnson Memorial Hospital, Stafford Springs, CT, USA
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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The impact of perceived stress on the hair follicle: Towards solving a psychoneuroendocrine and neuroimmunological puzzle. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 66:101008. [PMID: 35660551 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While popular belief harbors little doubt that perceived stress can cause hair loss and premature graying, the scientific evidence for this is arguably much thinner. Here, we investigate whether these phenomena are real, and show that the cyclic growth and pigmentation of the hair follicle (HF) provides a tractable model system for dissecting how perceived stress modulates aspects of human physiology. Local production of stress-associated neurohormones and neurotrophins coalesces with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides released from HF-associated sensory and autonomic nerve endings, forming a complex local stress-response system that regulates perifollicular neurogenic inflammation, interacts with the HF microbiome and controls mitochondrial function. This local system integrates into the central stress response systems, allowing the study of systemic stress responses affecting organ function by quantifying stress mediator content of hair. Focusing on selected mediators in this "brain-HF axis" under stress conditions, we distill general principles of HF dysfunction induced by perceived stress.
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Zhang J, Chen R, Wen L, Fan Z, Guo Y, Hu Z, Miao Y. Recent Progress in the Understanding of the Effect of Sympathetic Nerves on Hair Follicle Growth. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736738. [PMID: 34513851 PMCID: PMC8427189 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observation and experimental studies have long suggested that the perifollicular nerves have nutritional and regulatory effects on the growth, development, and physiological cycle of hair follicles (HFs), even though the concrete mechanism remains obscure. Recently, with the progress of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques, more innovation has been made in the study of the follicular sympathetic nerves and its nerve-effect factor norepinephrine affecting hair follicle stem cells. This review highlights the progress in the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system toward the growth of HFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wen
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhexiang Fan
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilong Guo
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mizuno K, Sakaue H, Kohsaka K, Takeda H, Hayashi N, Sato T. An increase in normetanephrine in hair follicles of acne lesions through the sympatho-adrenal medullary system in acne patients with anxiety. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1281-1285. [PMID: 33963607 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, has been associated with not only sebaceous gland dysfunction but also various endogenous and exogenous stresses. Since sebaceous glands are under neuroendocrine control, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neuro-autocrine mechanisms, it remains unclear how psychological stress relates to the pathogenesis of acne. In this study, we investigated the relationship between psychological stress and catecholamine in acne lesions from 18 patients with mild or moderate acne. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) revealed that all patients were anxious, with six having low anxiety and 12 high anxiety. Salivary α-amylase activity (sAA), which is regulated by the sympatho-adrenal medullary (SAM) system, positively correlated with the STAI State Anxiety scores (STAI-S) and was significantly detectable in acne patients with high rather than low anxiety. In addition, the level of normetanephrine, but not metanephrine, both of which are catecholamine metabolites, in hair follicles of acne lesions also positively correlated with the STAI-S. Furthermore, the normetanephrine level was higher in patients with high rather than low anxiety, whereas there was no change in metanephrine in the hair follicles of the acne lesions. Moreover, neither the sAA nor metanephrine and normetanephrine in the acne lesions was related to acne severity in the patients. Thus, these results provide novel evidence that a SAM system-associated increase of normetanephrine level in hair follicles is involved in the acne pathology of patients with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mizuno
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakaue
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Kohsaka
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Cho WK, Kim HI, Paek SH, Kim SY, Hyun Seo H, Song J, Lee OH, Min J, Lee SJ, Jo Y, Choi H, Lee JH, Moh SH. Gene expression profile of human follicle dermal papilla cells in response to Camellia japonica phytoplacenta extract. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:633-651. [PMID: 33410284 PMCID: PMC7931240 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia japonica L. is a flowering tree with several medicinal and cosmetic applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of C. japonica placenta extract (CJPE) as a potential therapeutic agent for promotion of hair growth and scalp health by using various in vitro and in vivo assays. Moreover, we performed transcriptome analysis to examine the relative expression of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) in response to CJPE by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). In vitro assays revealed upregulation of the expression of hair growth marker genes in HFDPC after CJPE treatment. Moreover, in vivo clinical tests with 42 adult female participants showed that a solution containing 0.5% CJPE increased the moisture content of the scalp and decreased the scalp's sebum content, dead scalp keratin, and erythema. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed key genes in HFDPC which are associated with CJPE. Interestingly, genes associated with lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux were upregulated. Genes upregulated by CJPE are associated with several hormones, including parathyroid, adrenocorticotropic hormone, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), and norepinephrine, which are involved in hair follicle biology. Furthermore, some upregulated genes are associated with the regulation of axon guidance. In contrast, many genes downregulated by CJPE are associated with structural components of the cytoskeleton. In addition, CJPE suppressed genes associated with muscle structure and development. Taken together, this study provides extensive evidence that CJPE may have potential as a therapeutic agent for scalp treatment and hair growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyong Cho
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Hye-In Kim
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung Hye Paek
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Soo-Yun Kim
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Hyun Seo
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Jihyeok Song
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Ok Hwa Lee
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Jiae Min
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Jo
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Hoseong Choi
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Lee
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Moh
- Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
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Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Risk of Alopecia Areata: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan. Am J Clin Dermatol 2020; 21:901-911. [PMID: 32761499 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-020-00547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on the risk of alopecia areata (AA) are unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with AA. METHODS We collected participants from four rounds (2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013) of the Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Incident AA cases were identified from the National Health Insurance database. RESULTS Of the 60,055 participants, 154 developed AA during the 647,902 person-years of follow-up. After controlling for confounders, current smokers had a higher risk of incident AA than never smokers [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.88]. There was a trend toward an increased risk of AA with increasing numbers of years of smoking and cumulative pack-years of smoking among current smokers. The aHRs (95% CIs) of current smokers of > 5 and ≤ 15 cigarettes per day, > 10 and ≤ 20 years of smoking, ≤ 10, and > 10 and ≤ 20 pack-years of smoking were 2.03 (1.17-3.51), 2.25 (1.21-4.18), 1.86 (1.12-3.09), and 2.04 (1.04-4.01), respectively. Conversely, social and regular drinkers had significantly lower risks of AA than never drinkers [aHRs (95% CIs) 0.65 (0.43-0.98) and 0.49 (0.26-0.93), respectively]. CONCLUSION Current smokers had an increased risk of developing AA, while alcohol consumption was associated with a decreased risk of AA.
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Shwartz Y, Gonzalez-Celeiro M, Chen CL, Pasolli HA, Sheu SH, Fan SMY, Shamsi F, Assaad S, Lin ETY, Zhang B, Tsai PC, He M, Tseng YH, Lin SJ, Hsu YC. Cell Types Promoting Goosebumps Form a Niche to Regulate Hair Follicle Stem Cells. Cell 2020; 182:578-593.e19. [PMID: 32679029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Piloerection (goosebumps) requires concerted actions of the hair follicle, the arrector pili muscle (APM), and the sympathetic nerve, providing a model to study interactions across epithelium, mesenchyme, and nerves. Here, we show that APMs and sympathetic nerves form a dual-component niche to modulate hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activity. Sympathetic nerves form synapse-like structures with HFSCs and regulate HFSCs through norepinephrine, whereas APMs maintain sympathetic innervation to HFSCs. Without norepinephrine signaling, HFSCs enter deep quiescence by down-regulating the cell cycle and metabolism while up-regulating quiescence regulators Foxp1 and Fgf18. During development, HFSC progeny secretes Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) to direct the formation of this APM-sympathetic nerve niche, which in turn controls hair follicle regeneration in adults. Our results reveal a reciprocal interdependence between a regenerative tissue and its niche at different stages and demonstrate sympathetic nerves can modulate stem cells through synapse-like connections and neurotransmitters to couple tissue production with demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Shwartz
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Meryem Gonzalez-Celeiro
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Lung Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - H Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shu-Hsien Sheu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Farnaz Shamsi
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Steven Assaad
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Edrick Tai-Yu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pai-Chi Tsai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Megan He
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sung-Jan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Kong Y, Cheng L, Ma L, Li H, Cheng B, Zhao Y. Norepinephrine protects against apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells induced by high glucose. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20801-20815. [PMID: 31032949 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes, the number of bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decreases and their differentiation is impaired. However, the exact mechanism is unclear. Patients with diabetes often experience sympathetic nerve injury. Norepinephrine (NE), a major mediator of the sympathetic nervous system, influences rat MSC migration in culture and in vivo. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of NE on MSCs under high glucose conditions; therefore MSCs were treated with high glucose and NE. High glucose-induced MSCs apoptosis, which was reversed by NE. To verify the effect of NE, mice underwent sympathectomy and were used to establish a diabetic model. Diabetic mice with sympathectomy had a higher apoptosis rate and higher levels of reactive oxygen species in their bone marrow-derived cells than diabetic mice without sympathectomy. High glucose inhibited p-AKT production and B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 expression, and promoted BAX and caspase-3 expression. NE reversed these effects of high glucose. An AKT inhibitor enhanced the effects of high glucose. Thus, NE had a protective effect on MSC apoptosis induced by high glucose, possibly via the AKT/BCL-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Kong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuhanghang Cheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Guangzhou School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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