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Tartaglione AM, Racca A, Ricceri L. Developmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Focus on benzo[a]pyrene neurotoxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 119:108394. [PMID: 37164061 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous organic compounds produced during the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic material. Dietary source is the main route for PAH human exposure by environmental contamination, food industrial processing or domestic cooking methods. The most studied PAH is benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), due to its harmful and multiple effects on human health: in addition to its well-known carcinogenic effects, emerging evidence indicates that B[a]P also induces neurotoxicity earlier and at lower doses than B[a]P-induced carcinogenicity making B[a]P neurotoxicity relevant to human health risk assessment. Developmental neurotoxicity of B[a]P has indeed received increasing attention: both human and experimental studies provide evidence of detrimental effects of prenatal or early postnatal B[a]P exposure, even at low doses. Indeed, in some of the multi-dose animal studies, maximal adverse effects were observed at lower B[a]P doses, according to a non-monotonic dose-response curve typical of endocrine-disrupting compounds. In substantial agreement with epidemiological studies, both rodents and zebrafish developmentally exposed to B[a]P exhibit long-term changes in multiple behavioural domains, in the absence of overt toxicological effects at birth (e.g. body weight and morphologic abnormalities). Notably, most targeted behavioural responses converge on locomotor activity and emotional profile, often, but not always, leading to a disinhibitory/hyperactive profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Tartaglione
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Racca
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ricceri
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Choi YH, Lee JY, Moon KW. Exposure to volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adolescents: Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114508. [PMID: 36621033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent liver diseases among adolescents. Several animal studies have suggested that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increase NAFLD risk. However, few epidemiological studies have confirmed the association between VOCs, PAHs and NAFLD in the general adolescent population. Therefore, we analyzed 798 adolescents from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS), 2015-2017, to examine the associations of urinary metabolites of VOCs and PAHs with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and NAFLD prevalence. We performed linear regression, logistic regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to evaluate the association of urinary VOCs and PAHs metabolites with ALT levels and NAFLD prevalence. After adjusting for all covariates, urinary benzylmercapturic acid and 2-hydroxyfluorene levels were found to increase ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence. Additionally, the BKMR analyses showed a significantly positive overall effect on ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence with urinary concentrations of VOCs and PAHs metabolites, with 2-hydroxyfluorene as the biggest contributor. Our study suggests that exposure to low-level VOCs and PAHs may have a detrimental effect on NAFLD risk in adolescents. Given the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in adolescents, future cohort studies are confirmed to comprehend the effect of these chemicals on NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Choi
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyong Whan Moon
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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3
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Kuang H, Zhou W, Zeng Y, Xu D, Zhu W, Lin S, Fan R. Dose makes poison: Insights into the neurotoxicity of perinatal and juvenile exposure to environmental doses of 16 priority-controlled PAHs. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134201. [PMID: 35257710 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Whether chronic exposure to environmental doses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can lead to neurotoxic effects is still unclear. Hence, the neurotoxic effects of perinatal and juvenile exposure to 16 priority-controlled PAHs were investigated. The mice were treated with 0, 0.5, 18.75, 50, 1875 μg/kg/day of PAHs corresponding to various population exposure concentrations from gestation to postnatal day 60. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and hippocampal and cortical neurotransmitter levels were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Typical indicators or outcome of neurotoxicity, including, spatial learning and memory ability, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and dendritic spine density were evaluated via Morris water maze tests, electrophysiological experiments and Golgi-Cox assays, respectively. The results showed that exposure to different levels of PAH could not increase oxidative DNA damage level. Mice exposed to 0.5, 50 and 1875 μg/kg/day PAHs had significantly longer escape latency than the control group only on the 1st day (p < 0.05). The number of platform crossings and the time spent in target quadrant were similar between the control and the PAHs-exposed mice. Compared with the control mice, only those exposed to 50 μg/kg/day PAHs had significantly lower LTP in hippocampal CA1 region and dendritic spine density in hippocampal DG region (p < 0.05). Except for serotonin, no significant difference in hippocampal and cortical neurotransmitter concentrations was observed between the control and PAHs-exposed groups. Taken together, perinatal and juvenile exposure to environmental doses of PAHs had no profound effect on spatial learning and memory abilities, hippocampal LTP, dendritic spines density, and neurotransmitter levels. These unexpected findings were quite different from previous in vivo studies which commonly used 2-3 orders of magnitude higher PAHs doses to treat animals. Thus, the environmental dose is a crucial reference for future toxicological research to reveal the actual toxic mechanisms and human health effects of PAHs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Kuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Wenji Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yingwei Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Da Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wanqi Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shengjie Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ruifang Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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4
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Tang J, Zhang Z, Miao J, Tian Y, Pan L. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene exposure on oxidative stress and apoptosis of gill cells of Chlamys farreri in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103867. [PMID: 35483583 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a common pollutant in marine environment, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) has high toxicity to economic shellfish. In order to explore the mechanism of oxidative stress and apoptosis, the effects of 0, 2, 4, 8 μg/mL B[a]P on gill cells of C. farreri at 12 and 24 h were studied. The results showed that B[a]P decreased the activity of gill cells, increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of antioxidant defense genes. Besides, B[a]P could induce oxidative damage to nucleus and mitochondria. The gene expression and enzyme activity of apoptosis pathway related factors were changed. In conclusion, these results showed that B[a]P could cause oxidative stress and oxidative damage in gill cells of C. farreri, and mediate gill cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway. This article provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of PAHs-included oxidative stress and apoptosis in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zixian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yimeng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Li Y, Cao J, Hao Z, Liu A, Li X, Li H, Xia N, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Bai J, Zhang H. Aspirin ameliorates the cognition impairment in mice following benzo[a]pyrene treatment via down-regulating BDNF IV methylation. Neurotoxicology 2021; 89:20-30. [PMID: 34979192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is neurotoxic, however, the mechanisms remain unclear and there is no effective prevention. Available evidence suggests a role of DNA methylation in B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity. This study investigated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) IV methylation in the development of and aspirin intervention against B[a]P's neurotoxicity in mice and HT22 cells. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with solvent or B[a]P (0.5, 2, and 10 mg/kg b.w.) for 60 days. An intervention group was treated simultaneously with B[a]P (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and aspirin (10 mg/kg, daily water-drinking). The treated mice showed a dose-dependent cognitive and behavioral impairment, and cerebral cell apoptosis, which were alleviated by aspirin co-treatment. Following B[a]P treatment, DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) and BDNF IV hypermethylation were increased in the cerebral cortex of mice compared to controls, while significant decreases were found in BDNF IV and BDNF mRNA, and BDNF protein levels. Aspirin co-treatment rescued DNMTs activation and BDNF IV hypermethylation, and mitigated the recession in BDNF mRNA and protein induced by B[a]P treatment. Similar results were shown in HT22 cells. These findings reveal a critical role of BDNF IV methylation in the neurotoxicity of B[a]P, and demonstrate a promising prevention of aspirin against B[a]P-induced cognitive impairment via inhibiting BDNF IV hypermethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongsuo Hao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Aixiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Xia
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianying Bai
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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6
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Lyu Y, Ren XK, Zhang HF, Tian FJ, Mu JB, Zheng JP. Sub-chronic administration of benzo[a]pyrene disrupts hippocampal long-term potentiation via inhibiting CaMK II/PKC/PKA-ERK-CREB signaling in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:961-970. [PMID: 32255272 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is recognized as a neurotoxic pollutant to mammals, which could impair learning and memory function. Although there is some evidence to suggest that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a glutamate receptor and ion channel protein in nerve cells, is involved into the B[a]P induced neurotoxicity, the exact molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, particularly the effects of B[a]P on the NMDAR downstream signaling transduction pathways. In the present study, we examined the neurotoxicity of sub-chronic administrated B[a]P on male Sprague-Dawley rats. Our data suggested that B[a]P exposure caused significant deficits in learning and memory function and the impairment of hippocampal LTP in rats. Further mechanistic studies indicate that B[a]P-induced learning and memory deficits are associated with the inhibition of NMDAR NR1 subunit transcription and protein phosphorylation. More importantly, the inactivation of CaMK II/PKC/PKA-ERK-CREB signaling pathways in hippocampus was detected at both the 2.5 and 6.25 mg/kg B[a]P-treated groups, indicating that multiple targets in NMDAR and downstream signaling pathways are involved in the B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lyu
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue-Ke Ren
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Zhang
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng-Jie Tian
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian-Bing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jin-Ping Zheng
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
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Lin YC, Wu CY, Hu CH, Pai TW, Chen YR, Wang WD. Integrated Hypoxia Signaling and Oxidative Stress in Developmental Neurotoxicity of Benzo[a]Pyrene in Zebrafish Embryos. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080731. [PMID: 32796530 PMCID: PMC7464806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Environmental B[a]P contamination poses a serious health risk to many organisms because the pollutant may negatively affect many physiological systems. As such, chronic exposure to B[a]P is known to lead to locomotor dysfunction and neurodegeneration in several organisms. In this study, we used the zebrafish model to delineate the acute toxic effects of B[a]P on the developing nervous system. We found that embryonic exposure of B[a]P downregulates shh and isl1, causing morphological hypoplasia in the telencephalon, ventral thalamus, hypothalamus, epiphysis and posterior commissure. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factors (hif1a and hif2a) are repressed upon embryonic exposure of B[a]P, leading to reduced expression of the Hif-target genes, epo and survivin, which are associated with neural differentiation and maintenance. During normal embryogenesis, low-level oxidative stress regulates neuronal development and function. However, our experiments revealed that embryonic oxidative stress is greatly increased in B[a]P-treated embryos. The expression of catalase was decreased and sod1 expression increased in B[a]P-treated embryos. These transcriptional changes were coincident with increased embryonic levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde, with the levels in B[a]P-treated fish similar to those in embryos treated with 120-μM H2O2. Together, our data suggest that reduced Hif signaling and increased oxidative stress are involved in B[a]P-induced acute neurotoxicity during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lin
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Hwa Hu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Tun-Wen Pai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Der Wang
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Jee SC, Kim M, Sung JS. Modulatory Effects of Silymarin on Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072369. [PMID: 32235460 PMCID: PMC7177818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a group 1 carcinogen that introduces mutagenic DNA adducts into the genome. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of silymarin in the reduction of DNA adduct formation by B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), induced by B[a]P. B[a]P exhibited toxicity in HepG2 cells, whereas co-treatment of the cells with B[a]P and silymarin reduced the formation of BPDE-DNA adducts, thereby increasing cell viability. Determination of the level of major B[a]P metabolites in the treated cells showed that BPDE levels were reduced by silymarin. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) were found to be involved in the activation of detoxifying genes against B[a]P-mediated toxicity. Silymarin did not increase the expression of these major transcription factors, but greatly facilitated their nuclear translocation. In this manner, treatment of HepG2 cells with silymarin modulated detoxification enzymes through NRF2 and PXR to eliminate B[a]P metabolites. Knockdown of Nrf2 abolished the preventive effect of silymarin on BPDE-DNA adduct formation, indicating that activation of the Nrf2 pathway plays a key role in preventing B[a]P-induced genotoxicity. Our results suggest that silymarin has anti-genotoxic effects, as it prevents BPDE-DNA adduct formation by modulating the Nrf2 and PXR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5132; Fax: +82-31-961-5108
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Das SK, Aparna S, Patri M. Chronic waterborne exposure to benzo[a]pyrene induces locomotor dysfunction and development of neurodegenerative phenotypes in zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2020; 716:134646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Das L, Patel B, Patri M. Adolescence benzo[a]pyrene treatment induces learning and memory impairment and anxiolytic like behavioral response altering neuronal morphology of hippocampus in adult male Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:1104-1113. [PMID: 31720231 PMCID: PMC6838974 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal B[a]P administration induces anxiolytic like behavior in rats. B[a]P induces oxidative stress and reduces antioxidant enzyme activity. Exposure to B[a]P-induces decrease in dendrite length and spine density through oxidative stress affecting antioxidant defence system. Alteration in the neuronal architecture of the hippocampal cells after B[a]P administration is associated with learning and memory defict.
Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a prototype of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) easily cross blood brain barrier (BBB) and is associated with impaired learning and memory in adult rats. However, there is no symmetric study reported on association between B[a]P exposure during the early development and hippocampal dendritic architecture causing behavioral changes like learning and memory deficit of adult rats. We investigated a fourteen day consecutive B[a]P administration, intraperitonial (i.p.), with two different doses (0.1 and 1μM) during early adolescence at PND30-44 and learning behavior assessed between PND 45-60 in adult male rats. The anxiolytic like behavioural analysis was done by LDPT. Depressive like behaviour was estimated through sucrose preference and learning and memory by T-maze. After B[a]P administration oxidative stress markers like glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were evaluated. To parallel these behavioral and antioxidant level changes to alteration in dendritic morphology, Golgi-Cox staining was performed in the hippocampus. Our study showed anxiolytic like behavioral response with significant increase in time spent in light zone and significant (p < 0.05) decrease in preference for sucrose and a reduction in percentage of spontaneous responses in T-maze test in B[a]P administered group as compared to vehicle control. B[a]P exposed male rats showed significant increase in GST activity (p < 0.05) and concentration of GSSG with a decay in GSH, GPx and GR in both the groups as compared to control. B[a]P administered rats showed significant loss in total dendritic length and number (28%) with reduced spine density (18%) in both higher and lower doses. These results suggested that B[a]P administration can be associated with an increase ROS production showing altered antioxidant defence system through glutathione biosynthesis and causing profound alterations in dendritic length and spine density of hippocampal neurons leading towards learning and memory deficits in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipsa Das
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Bhupesh Patel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Manorama Patri
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
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11
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Comet assay in neural cells as a tool to monitor DNA damage induced by chemical or physical factors relevant to environmental and occupational exposure. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 845:402990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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12
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Patri M, Singh A. Protective effects of noradrenaline on benzo[a]pyrene-induced oxidative stress responses in brain tumor cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:665-675. [PMID: 31292939 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant that is generated during combustion of fossil fuels. We examine the effect of noradrenaline (NA) on B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity in brain tumor cell lines like neuroblastoma (Neuro2a) and glioma (C6). We pre-treated tumor cells with NA for 6 h, followed by addition of B[a]P for additional 24 h. Cell viability was measured using trypan blue dye-exclusion assay and comet assay was performed to measure DNA damage. Cell cycle status was analyzed using flow cytometry and oxidative DNA damage (8-oxodG) production was examined by immunostaining. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was analyzed using Fura-2AM. Our results showed viability of Neuro2a and C6 cells declined (24% and 20%) in B[a]P-treated groups. However, pre-treating with NA increased viability of cells by reducing percentage of cell death in both. Furthermore, B[a]P-induced deregulation of cell cycle (G2/M and S phase cell arrest) was significantly restored by pre-treatment with NA in Neuro2a cells as compared to C6 cells. We further observed increased 8-oxodG production in B[a]P-treated cells; however, NA pre-treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the 8-oxodG production in Neuro2a, while C6 cells were less affected possibly due to better protective machinery. B[a]P-induced intracellular Ca2+ influx was significantly reduced in both the cell lines due to co-treatment of NA possibly by reducing Ca2+ influx. NA protects brain tumor cells against B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity may be by decreasing percentage of G2 cell arrest, oxidative DNA damage, and reducing intracellular Ca2+ influx. These findings suggested that NA may be considered as a natural potential protective agent against B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract showing differential protective mechanism of NA against B[a]P-induced toxicity through antioxidant mechanism maintaining homeostasis for oxidative stress in Neuro2a and C6 cell lines. The schematic graph showed the biological significance of the NA that regulates the induction of metabolic processes of cell cycle after exposure to the environmental pollutants. B[a]P increases the intracellular levels of Ca2+, but also induces damage to cellular molecules including DNA causing cell cycle arrest. The B[a]P-induced DNA damage due to base lesions generated in the genome, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is one of the most abundant because of guanine's lowest redox potential among DNA bases through intracellular calcium homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manorama Patri
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India.
| | - Abhisek Singh
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India
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Yang C, Han P, Ruan F, Zhou T, Luo B, Qiu Y, Lin Y, Lin Z, He C. Lactational exposure to environmentally relevant benzo(a)pyrene causes astrocytic activation and anxiety-like behavior in male mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:67-74. [PMID: 30634150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the adversely neurodevelopmental effects of exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) at early life stage. However, it is unclear the effects of lactational exposure to environmentally relevant BaP on anxiety-like behavior and the molecular mechanisms related. In this study, lactational exposure to 1 and 10 μg/kg bw BaP from postnatal day 3-21 caused anxiety-like behavior and alterations of the expressions of the neurodevelopment and anxiety-related genes in adolescence male mice using O cycle maze. Moreover, BaP exposure increased the expression level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, a typical marker of astrocytes, in hippocampus of male offspring. The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α was also elevated in BaP-treated offspring. Further, lactational exposure to BaP decreased the level of glutathione and the expressions of antioxidant genes (Thioredoxin 1 and Glutaredoxin 2) in male offspring. Our study demonstrated that environmentally relevant BaP lactational exposure caused anxiety-like behavior in male offspring involved in astrocytic activation, neuroinflammation, and antioxidant capability dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Peiyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Fengkai Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Tengjian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Bing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yuchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhongning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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Postnatal Subacute Benzo(a)Pyrene Exposure Caused Neurobehavioral Impairment and Metabolomic Changes of Cerebellum in the Early Adulthood Period of Sprague-Dawley Rats. Neurotox Res 2017; 33:812-823. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Das SK, Patri M. Neuropeptide Y expression confers benzo[a]pyrene induced anxiolytic like behavioral response during early adolescence period of male Wistar rats. Neuropeptides 2017; 61:23-30. [PMID: 27402563 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Environmental neurotoxicant like benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is known to induce neurobehavioral changes. Our previous reports address the adverse effect of B[a]P on the neurobehavioral responses and neuromorphology of sensitive brain regions in adolescent rats. Present study was conducted on male Wistar rat neonates at postnatal day 5 (PND5) to ascertain B[a]P induced anxiolytic like behavioral response could be an outcome of neuropeptide Y (NPY) overexpression in brain. Single intracisternal administration of B[a]P was carried out at PND5 to elucidate the role of NPY on neurobehavioral responses at PND30. The behavioral studies showed anxiolytic like effect of B[a]P in both light and dark box and elevated plus maze tests. Antioxidant assay involving glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly decreased where as lipid peroxidation was significantly augmented in both hippocampus and hypothalamus of B[a]P treated group as compared to naive and control. The neurotransmitter estimation by HPLC-ECD showed significant increase in 5-HT level in both hippocampus and hypothalamus of B[a]P treated group. Significant elevation in NPY expression was observed in both hippocampus and hypothalamus of B[a]P group. Intracellular Ca2+ estimation using Fura-2AM by fluorometry showed that B[a]P induced increase in Ca2+ influx was associated with augmented NPY expression in brain. As NPY has orexigenic effect, our result revealed that there was a significant increase in body weight at PND30 following B[a]P administration to rat neonates at PND5. These findings suggested that NPY overexpression in brain regions might be associated with anxiolytic like behavioral response and orexigenic effect in rats following single intracisternal B[a]P administration. Future research directing towards understanding the signaling cascades of B[a]P induced biochemical and neuromorphological alteration might address the independent pathway which induce neurodegeneration despite NPY overexpression in brain regions of adolescent rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Kumar Das
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India
| | - Manorama Patri
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India.
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Mohanty R, Das SK, Patri M. Modulation of Benzo[a]Pyrene Induced Anxiolytic-Like Behavior by Retinoic Acid in Zebrafish: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense System. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:493-504. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9694-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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