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Jin X, Jiang H, Jiang Y, Chen Z, Zhou W, Pan Q, Tian S. Analysis of flow cytometry data from ultrasound-guided lymph node biopsies with two types of needles. Int J Lab Hematol 2024. [PMID: 38712479 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we combined two techniques, ultrasound-guided needle biopsy and flow cytometry (FCM), to explore their value in patients with enlarged lymph nodes. METHODS We compared the results of 198 needle biopsies on FCM and pathology. Forty-two were done by (fine needle aspiration, FNA), and the remaining 156 with (core needle biopsy, CNB), in 36 of 156 patients, a FNA was performed in the same lymph node after completion of the CNB. Except for five types of pathological entities, the rest were differentiated only detected or undetected tumours as the outcome distinction. RESULTS Among the 198 needle biopsies, 13 were inadequate specimens, while the remaining 185 had pathological findings, including 47 benign and 138 neoplastic findings. Thirty-six patients underwent puncture with both FNA and CNB, both needles produced identical results by FCM, but more cells were obtained by FNA. Among the pathologically positive results, there were 23 missed diagnoses in FCM, in contrast, evidence of tumours was observed in the FCM images of 15 needle biopsies that reported benign or findings that were inconsistent with pathology, and the final diagnosis was consistent with the FCM in 10 cases. FCM detected haematolymphoid tumours with a sensitivity of 87.8% and a specificity of 91.9%. CONCLUSION The combination of FCM and ultrasound-guided lymph node needle biopsy can quickly provide guidance for clinical decision-making. We recommend that all lymph node needle biopsies be sent for FCM, the specimen can be obtained by the last puncture with FNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxia Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhilu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenfei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Pan
- Department of Pathology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuyuan Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Peng D, Kodituwakku A, Le S, Smith SABC, Qiu MR, Earls P, Field AS, Parker AJC, Law M, Milliken ST, Sewell WA. Factors determining whether diffuse large B-cell lymphoma samples are detected by flow cytometry. Int J Lab Hematol 2023; 45:927-934. [PMID: 37632200 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flow cytometry (FCM) is widely used in the diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms (MBN), and FCM data are usually consistent with morphological findings. However, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a common MBN, is sometimes not detected by FCM. This study aimed to explore factors that increase the likelihood of failure to detect DLBCL by FCM. METHODS Cases with a final diagnosis of DLBCL that were analysed by eight-colour FCM were retrospectively collated. Clinical, FCM, histopathological and genetic data were compared between cases detected and cases not detected by FCM. RESULTS DLBCL cases from 135 different patients were analysed, of which 22 (16%) were not detected by FCM. In samples not detected by flow cytometry, lymphocytes were a lower percentage of total events (p = 0.02), and T cells were a higher percentage of total lymphocytes (p = 0.01). Cases with high MYC protein expression on immunohistochemistry were less likely to be missed by FCM (p = 0.011). Detection of DLBCL was not different between germinal centre B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes, not significantly affected by the presence of necrosis or fibrosis, and not significantly different between biopsy specimens compared to fine-needle aspirates, or between samples from nodal compared to extranodal tissue. CONCLUSION The study identifies several factors which affect the likelihood of DLBCL being missed by FCM. Even with eight-colour analysis, FCM fails to detect numerous cases of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Peng
- St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Steven Le
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Min R Qiu
- St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Earls
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew S Field
- St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Matthew Law
- Kirby Institute, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samuel T Milliken
- St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - William A Sewell
- St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
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Bellisario F, Attili F, Campana F, Borrelli de Andreis F, Bellesi S, Maiolo E, Alma E, Malafronte R, Macis G, Larocca LM, Annunziata S, D’Alò F, Hohaus S. Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy in the Diagnostic Work-Up of Deep-Seated Lymphadenopathies and Spleen Lesions: A Monocentric Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2839. [PMID: 37685377 PMCID: PMC10487140 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
EUS-FNB has been introduced in clinical practice as a less invasive diagnostic approach with respect to surgery. We performed a single-center retrospective study on the diagnostic efficacy of EUS-guided FNB, including 171 patients with lymph nodes, splenic, and extranodal lesions that underwent EUS for FNB at our institution. Excluding 12 patients who did not undergo FNB and 25 patients with a previous diagnosis of a solid tumor, we included 134 patients with clinical/radiological suspect of a lymphoproliferative disease, including 20 patients with a previous history of lymphoma. Out of the 134 biopsies, material of diagnostic quality was obtained in 111 procedures (84.3%). Histological examination of the EUS-FNB samples produced an actionable diagnosis in 100 cases (74.6%). Among the patients without an actionable diagnosis, a second, different diagnostic procedure produced a further eight diagnoses of lymphoma. Therefore, the sensitivity of EUS-FNB for diagnosing lymphomas was calculated to be 86.4% (51/59). Assignment of lymphomas to WHO classification subtypes was possible in 47/51 (92%) of the cases. In conclusion, EUS-FNB is an effective procedure for the histological characterization of lesions that are suspected to be lymphoproliferative disease, allowing for an actionable diagnosis in 75% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Bellisario
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabia Attili
- Endoscopia Digestiva, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (F.B.d.A.)
| | - Fabrizia Campana
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Borrelli de Andreis
- Endoscopia Digestiva, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (F.B.d.A.)
| | - Silvia Bellesi
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Elena Maiolo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Eleonora Alma
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Rosalia Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Macis
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Luigi Maria Larocca
- Patologia Oncoematologica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Francesco D’Alò
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefan Hohaus
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.M.); (E.A.); (R.M.); (G.M.); (S.A.); (S.H.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Chan A, Gao Q, Roshal M. 19-color, 21-Antigen Single Tube for Efficient Evaluation of B- and T-cell Neoplasms. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e884. [PMID: 37725693 PMCID: PMC10516508 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous disease, encompassing a wide variety of individually distinct neoplastic entities of mature B-, T-, and NK-cells. While they constitute a broad category, they are the most common hematologic malignancies in the world. The distinction between different neoplastic entities requires a multi-modal approach, such as flow cytometric immunophenotyping, which can exclude a neoplastic proliferation and help narrow the differential diagnosis. This article describes a flow cytometric test developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center to assess B-, T-, and NK-cells in a single tube, 21-antibody, 19-color assay. The assay can identify most B- and T-cell NHLs with high specificity and sensitivity and significantly narrow the differential when a specific diagnosis cannot be made. The basic protocol provides a detailed operational procedure for sample processing, staining, and cytometric acquisition. The support protocol provides typical steps and caveats for data analysis in lymphoproliferative disorders and in discriminating a variety of specific disease entities from each other and normal lymphoid populations. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Processing, staining, and cytometric analysis of samples for B- and T-cell assessment Support Protocol: Analysis and interpretation of the B- and T-cell lymphocyte assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chan
- Hematopathology service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Qi Gao
- Hematopathology service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mikhail Roshal
- Hematopathology service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, New York
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Yang Y, Aruna, Cheng B, Xiong D, Kuang D, Cui H, Xiong S, Mao X, Feng Y, Zhao Y. Comparison of Fine-Needle Biopsy (FNB) versus Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) Combined with Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Deep-Seated Lymphoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2777. [PMID: 37685315 PMCID: PMC10487053 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence comparing ultrasound endoscopy-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) with EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in deep-seated lymphoma tissue sampling is insufficient. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of immunohistochemistry (IHC) or flow cytometry (FCM) on specimens obtained from EUS-FNB and EUS-FNA in the diagnosis and staging of deep-seated lymphomas. This real-world, dual-center study prospectively evaluated all eligible specimens from patients who underwent EUS-FNB/FNA over an 8-year period. 53 patients were enrolled, with 23 patients in the EUS-FNB group and 30 patients in the EUS-FNA group. FNB yielded specimens with longer core tissues (0.80 mm [0.55, 1.00] vs. 0.45 mm [0.30, 0.50], p = 0.009) and higher scores of specimen adequacy [4 (3.75, 4.00) vs. 3 (1.00, 4.00), p = 0.025]. Overall analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of IHC based on specimens acquired from EUS-FNB was significantly higher than that of EUS-FNA (91.30% vs. 60.00%, p = 0.013). After controlling confounding factors including lesion size and endoscopists, EUS-FNB with IHC maintained a higher-level diagnostic accuracy compared to EUS-FNA (OR = 1.292 [1.037-1.609], p = 0.023). When FCM was additionally used to analyze the specimen acquired from EUS-FNA, the diagnostic yield was significantly improved (ROC AUC: 0.733 vs. 0.550, p = 0.015), and the AUC of FNB alone or combined with FCM was 0.739 and 0.761. Conclusions: FNB needles generate higher histopathological diagnostic accuracy and specimen quality than FNA for the deep-seated lymphoma. Though the application of FCM significantly improves the diagnostic efficacy of EUS-FNA, FNB was still the preferred diagnostic modality with a shorter procedure time, comparable diagnostic accuracy, and better cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Yang
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Aruna
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Bin Cheng
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Dingkun Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (D.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Dong Kuang
- The Division of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Haochen Cui
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Si Xiong
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
| | - Xia Mao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Yunlu Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (D.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yuchong Zhao
- The Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.Y.); (A.); (H.C.); (S.X.)
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Fan X, Li F, Xiao C, Cai Y, You F. Long-term stable disease with mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy plus cetuximab for bone marrow metastasis from rectal cancer: A case report. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1117530. [PMID: 36776321 PMCID: PMC9909532 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow metastasis from rectal cancer is a rare but severe disease associated with a poor prognosis due to limited treatment options. There is no consensus on therapeutic strategies, and better-tolerated and more effective treatment options are urgently needed. We report a case that one patient with rectal cancer developed pancytopenia 15 months after completion of radical surgery and chemotherapy and was diagnosed with bone marrow metastasis. The patient was treated with mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy plus cetuximab, considering both his poor bone marrow function and a genetic test showing a wild-type of KRAS/NRAS/PIK3CA/BRAF. Twelve cycles were successfully completed with dose modifications and supportive measures. The patient's condition improved markedly based on a comprehensive assessment that included computed tomography images, blood cell counts, tumor markers, and clinical symptoms. The patient remains alive for 11 months at the last follow up. The patient treated with mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy plus cetuximab attained long-term stable disease, suggesting its promising efficacy and safety for bone marrow metastasis from rectal cancer and may hold promise as a treatment strategy for this specific patient population. Consideration can be given to the inclusion of mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy plus cetuximab in first-line treatment regimen for bone marrow metastasis from rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Fan
- Oncology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Oncology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Oncology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Oncology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Yi Cai, ; Fengming You,
| | - Fengming You
- Oncology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Yi Cai, ; Fengming You,
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Gao H, Cai F, Liu L, Shen H. Flow cytometry assessment of reactive T-cells distinguishes classic Hodgkin lymphoma from benign lymphadenopathy in children. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24661. [PMID: 35989518 PMCID: PMC9550978 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detection of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) neoplastic cells using flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI) remains limited. We hypothesized that characterization of the reactive infiltrates could assist in diagnosing cHL in children. Methods FCI using four‐color staining approaches was performed on 156 lymph node specimens with the following histopathologic diagnoses: cHL (25 cases), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH, 44 cases), and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (87 cases). Results The overall concordance of FCI data with the histopathologic results of these cases was 81.4%. A reactive expansion of T‐cells with increased expression of CD45RO was present in the reactive infiltrate of cHL (CD45RO/CD3, 67.5%) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infected RLH (62.7%) but not in EBV‐negative RLH (28.0%). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD7 was higher for cHL and differed significantly from EBV‐positive RLH (138.5 vs. 63.8). A proposed diagnostic algorithm markedly elevated the overall concordance rate from 81.4% to 97.4%. Conclusions Immunophenotyping the reactive infiltrate of lymphoid tissue using flow cytometry is a reliable supplement to histopathology for the rapid diagnosis of pediatric cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqing Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongqiang Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Caputo A, Ciliberti V, Zeppa P, D'Antonio A. Cytological Diagnosis of Aggressive Small-Cell Lymphomas. Acta Cytol 2022; 66:269-278. [PMID: 35385847 DOI: 10.1159/000524270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their sometimes deceivingly bland appearance, some small-cell lymphomas are very aggressive and the prognosis of patients depends on a prompt diagnosis that allows the initiation of appropriate therapy. SUMMARY The present review discusses the salient cytological features of the most common aggressive small-cell lymphomas and then proceeds to analyze their main diagnostic criteria, including the usage of ancillary techniques. KEY MESSAGES Lymph node fine-needle aspiration cytology is a fast, safe, cheap, minimally invasive, and accurate procedure that can be used for a prompt and accurate diagnosis of lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Caputo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Valeria Ciliberti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pio Zeppa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Antonio
- University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
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9
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Uzun E, Erkilic S. Diagnostic accuracy of Thinprep® in cervical lymph node aspiration: Assessment according to the Sydney system. Diagn Cytopathol 2022; 50:253-262. [PMID: 35148033 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable technique that has been used for many years in lymphadenopathy diagnosis. Although conventional smear is the standard approach in FNAC, liquid-based cytology (LBC) is accepted as an alternative method. Reporting standardization is a significant gap in fine-needle aspiration cytology, leading to failure in pathologist-clinician dialog and interobserver variability. In 2020, an expert panel proposed the Sydney system for classifying and reporting lymph node aspiration cytology. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LBC in lymph node aspiration cytology under the guidance of the Sydney system. METHODS Five hundred-four LBC samples were reevaluated and classified according to the Sydney system. Of these, n = 24 were categorized as L1-inadequate/non-diagnostic, n = 283 as L2-benign, n = 36 as L3- atypical cells of undetermined significance/atypical lymphoid cells of uncertain significance (AUS/ALUS), n = 48 as L4-suspicious, and n = 113 as L5-malignant. Four hundred-one samples were histopathologically confirmed. The diagnostic accuracy of LBC and the risk of malignancy for each Sydney category were calculated. RESULTS The results were as follows: sensitivity 98.97%; specificity 98.60%; positive predictive value 94.80%; negative predictive value 99.29%; and overall diagnostic accuracy 98.75%. The ROM was 16.6% for L1, 0.7% for L2, 88.8% for L3, and 100% for L4 and L5. CONCLUSION LBC is suitable for use in lymph node aspiration under the guidance of the Sydney system and has high diagnostic accuracy. Future comprehensive studies will increase the applicability of the Sydney system and minimize interobserver variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Uzun
- Department of Pathology, Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Suna Erkilic
- Department of Pathology, Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Saoud C, Wangsiricharoen S, Kahler J, Maleki Z. Atypia of undetermined significance in the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Cystic versus non-cystic masses. Diagn Cytopathol 2022; 50:154-161. [PMID: 34989152 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The term "Atypia" has been employed to describe a wide spectrum of cytomorphologic features associated with reactive/inflammatory processes as well as those suspicious for neoplasms in cytology. Similar to other cytopathology reporting systems, the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) has reserved the atypical category for cytology specimens lacking quantitative and/or qualitative cytomorphologic features to be diagnosed with confidence as either non-neoplastic or neoplastic. In MSRSGC, the atypical category is associated with a risk of malignancy and recommendation for clinical management. In this review, we discuss the value of atypical diagnostic category of MSRSGC in both cystic and non-cystic salivary gland lesions by evaluating our institutional case cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Saoud
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jessica Kahler
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zahra Maleki
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Gkoufa A, Georgakopoulou VE, Lakiotaki E, Cholongitas E. An Unusual Presentation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cureus 2022; 14:e20927. [PMID: 35154918 PMCID: PMC8815724 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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Derqaoui S, Boujida I, Marbouh O, Rouas L, Hessissen L, Lamalmi N. Non Hodgkin Lymphoma Among Children: Pathological Aspects and Diagnostic Challenges. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (THOUSAND OAKS, VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.) 2022; 15:2632010X221090156. [PMID: 35465133 PMCID: PMC9019377 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x221090156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are common malignancies in children. Available data on clinico-pathological aspects of pediatric NHL in developping countries are limited and diagnostic approach appears more delicate with absence of molecular studies. The objectives of our study are: analyzing the pathological spectrum of NHL among children and highlighting challenges in the diagnosis including: limited biopsic material; unususal subtyptes, age group, or localization. We retrospectively analyzed clinico pathological characteristics of 101 NHL’s cases among children diagnosed in the Pediatric’s pathology unit over a period of 4 years There were 78 (77.2%) male and 23 (22.8%) female. The median age was 7.2 years. The most common histologic subtypes of NHL were Burkitt lymphoma in 65 patients (64.4% ); followed by lymphoblastic lymphoma in 22 patients, large B-cell lymphoma in 9 patients ( 8.9%); anaplastic T cell lymphoma in 3 patients; NOS mature T cell lymphoma and pediatric type follicular lympoma in 1 patient each. In conclusion, this study Morocco illustrates the pattern of distribution of NHL and emphasizes challenges in the diagnosis of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Derqaoui
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ismail Boujida
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Oussama Marbouh
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Pediatric Surgery A, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Lamiaa Rouas
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Laila Hessissen
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Center of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Najat Lamalmi
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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13
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Gupta S, Dey P. Diagnostic challenges in the gray-zone lesions of fine-needle aspiration cytology. Cytojournal 2021; 18:23. [PMID: 34754322 PMCID: PMC8571265 DOI: 10.25259/cytojournal_66_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an excellent technique for rapid diagnosis due to its speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. However, there are many gray-zone areas in cytology that needs attention. These lesions in the aspiration cytology can be overcome by applying the selective use of the series of tests. This review discusses the diagnostic challenges in the gray-zone areas in FNAC. It emphasizes the use of selective ancillary techniques to solve the problems in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranab Dey
- Department of Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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14
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Hall J, Kampfer C, Williams N, Osswald M, Bishop B, Hall M, Alderete J. Fibrin-Associated Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Found on Revision Arthroplasty of the Knee. South Med J 2021; 114:708-713. [PMID: 34729615 DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma (FA-DLBCL) is a rare Epstein-Barr viruspositive B cell lymphoma that is nonmass-forming, does not directly produce symptoms, and is incidentally discovered on histological examination of tissues excised for other reasons. Despite overlap in morphologic and immunophenotypic features with aggressive B cell neoplasms, FA-DLBCL shows an excellent clinical outcome, even with surgical excision alone. We report an extremely rare occurrence of FA-DLBCL found in association with a metallic implant on revision arthroplasty of the knee. This report also illustrates the need for an integrated multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and avoidance of overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Hall
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Craig Kampfer
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ned Williams
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Michael Osswald
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Bradie Bishop
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Misty Hall
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
| | - Joseph Alderete
- From the Departments of Pathology, Orthopedic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, and Hematology Oncology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas
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15
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Vigliar E, Acanfora G, Iaccarino A, Mascolo M, Russo D, Scalia G, Della Pepa R, Bellevicine C, Picardi M, Troncone G. A Novel Approach to Classification and Reporting of Lymph Node Fine-Needle Cytology: Application of the Proposed Sydney System. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081314. [PMID: 34441249 PMCID: PMC8393909 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine-needle cytology (FNC) is a useful diagnostic tool in the first line evaluation of lymphadenopathy of unknown aetiology. Nevertheless, considering the large number of conditions presenting as lymphadenopathy, lymph node cytology represents a challenging scenario. Recently, an expert panel published the proposal of the Sydney system for performing classification and reporting of lymph node cytopathology; the aim of the present study was to evaluate the applicability of this system. Thus, 300 lymph node FNCs performed over 1 year were reviewed and categorized according to the Sydney system classification. Overall, n = 20 cases (6.7%) were categorized as L1-inadequate/non-diagnostic; n = 104 (34.7%) as benign (L2); n = 25 (8.3%) as atypical (L3); n = 13 (4.3%) as suspicious (L4), and n = 138 (46%) as malignant (L5). FNC diagnoses were correlated with histopathologic and clinical follow-up to assess the diagnostic accuracy and the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each diagnostic category. Statistical analysis showed the following results: sensitivity 98.47%, specificity 95.33%, positive predictive value 96.27%, negative predictive value 98.08%, and accuracy 97.06%. The ROM was 50% for the category L1, 1.92% for L2, 58.3% for L3, and 100% for L4 and L5. In conclusion, FNC coupled with ancillary techniques ensures satisfactory diagnostic accuracy and the implementation of the Sydney system may improve the practice of cytopathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vigliar
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.V.); (A.I.); (C.B.)
| | - Gennaro Acanfora
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Antonino Iaccarino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.V.); (A.I.); (C.B.)
| | - Massimo Mascolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Giulia Scalia
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberta Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Hematology Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Claudio Bellevicine
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.V.); (A.I.); (C.B.)
| | - Marco Picardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Hematology Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.D.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.V.); (A.I.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Gupta P, Gupta N, Kumar P, Bhardwaj S, Srinivasan R, Dey P, Rohilla M, Bal A, Das A, Rajwanshi A. Assessment of risk of malignancy by application of the proposed Sydney system for classification and reporting lymph node cytopathology. Cancer Cytopathol 2021; 129:701-718. [PMID: 33830657 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the most commonly used techniques for evaluating lymphadenopathy. Recently, the Sydney system was proposed for assessing the performance, classification, and reporting of lymph node (LN) cytopathology. The present study was conducted to assess the risk of malignancy associated with each of the diagnostic categories of the proposed Sydney system. METHODS This was a 2-year retrospective study of LN-FNAs; cytologic diagnoses were categorized by the proposed Sydney system. Cytological diagnoses were correlated with the corresponding histopathological diagnoses to assess diagnostic accuracy and risk of malignancy for each diagnostic category. RESULTS Of 23,335 FNAs during the study period, 6983 (30%) were performed on LNs. Of these, 289 (4.1%) cases were reported as nondiagnostic/inadequate (L1); 3397 (48.6%) were reported as benign (L2); 33(0.5%) as atypical cells of undetermined significance (L3), 96 (1.4%) as suspicious for malignancy (L4) and 3168 (45.4%) as malignant (L5). Subsequent histopathology was available for 618 (8.8%) cases. On cytohistopathologic correlation, 552 (89.3%) were concordant and 66 (10.7%) discordant. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of LN-FNA were 79.9%, 98.7%, 98.4%, 83.1%, and 89.3%, respectively. The risk of malignancy was 27.5% for the nondiagnostic category, 11.5% for the benign, 66.7% for the atypical, 88% for the suspicious, and 99.6% for the malignant categories. CONCLUSIONS FNAC has high diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of various LN pathologies. Application of the proposed Sydney system can help in achieving uniformity and reproducibility in cytologic diagnoses and also help in risk-stratification on cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parikshaa Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nalini Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunny Bhardwaj
- Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranab Dey
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manish Rohilla
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashim Das
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arvind Rajwanshi
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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17
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Li J, Zhao S, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Zhu X, Den X, Liu W, Su X. Serous Effusions Diagnostic Accuracy for Hematopoietic Malignancies: A Cyto-Histological Correlation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:615080. [PMID: 33344487 PMCID: PMC7744785 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.615080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to establish the liability of cytological diagnostic and, along with ancillary techniques, to sub-classify hematopoietic malignancies in serous effusions. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the serous effusions of hematopoietic malignancies over an 11-year period, along with ancillary studies, clinical and histological data. We compared cytological along with histological diagnosis to evaluate the value of cytology itself. Furthermore, the discrepant cases were reviewed. Results: In this study, a total of 242 cases were identified as hematopoietic malignancies. Ancillary technologies were performed: in 24 cases FCM, 242 cases ICC, 35 cases ISH, 81 cases PCR and 10 cases FISH. Cyto-histological correlation was available for 122 cases. The subtyping of hematopoietic malignancies was achieved using cytological material in 65/122 cases (53.3%). Of the 65 cases, T-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (22.1%) was the leading subtype, followed by Burkitt lymphoma (5.7%), plasmacytoma (5.7%). Cyto-histological correlation showed a 100% concordant rate of diagnosis for hematopoietic malignancies and a high degree of agreement on sub-classification (51.6%). In this regard, T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, plasmacytoma, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, myeloid sarcoma, and follicular lymphoma showed the highest degree of agreement (100%). The sub-classification on cytology was achieved in 53 out of the remaining 120 cases without histological diagnosis (44.2%). T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (20.8%) was again the most frequently encountered subtype, followed by plasmacytoma (5.8%) and Burkitt lymphoma (4.2%). Conclusions: This large series study provided evidence that combining cytology and ancillary studies enabled the accurate serous effusions cytological diagnoses and subsequent sub-classification for the described malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianglan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Den
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueying Su
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Ronchi A, Caputo A, Pagliuca F, Montella M, Marino FZ, Zeppa P, Franco R, Cozzolino I. Lymph node fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in paediatric patients: Why not? Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in a series of heterogeneous paediatric lymphadenopathies. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 217:153294. [PMID: 33290901 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be a precious tool for the evaluation of lymphadenopathies in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyse the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in a paediatric lymph node series. We report a series of 76 patients, aged up to 19 years, who underwent lymph node FNAC. In our series, 57 cases were diagnosed as non-neoplastic, including benign reactive hyperplasia and other inflammatory lesions, 18 cases were diagnosed as malignant and 1 case was diagnosed as suspicious for lymphoproliferative process, not otherwise specified. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 93 %, 100 %, 100 % and 98 %, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy resulted 98.6 %. FNAC is an accurate, minimally invasive method with minimal complications that allows evaluation of paediatric lymphadenopathies and a correct triage of reactive/inflammatory and neoplastic lymphadenopathies. The application of rapid on-site evaluation, the realization of a cell block and the application of ancillary diagnostic tests, including at least immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, allows to achieve an excellent diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ronchi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caputo
- Department of Pathology of the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagliuca
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Montella
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Pio Zeppa
- Department of Pathology of the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Immacolata Cozzolino
- Division of Pathology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Sung S, Shirazi M, Shu CA, Crapanzano JP, Saqi A. Pulmonary small cell carcinoma: Review, common and uncommon differentials, genomics and management. Diagn Cytopathol 2020; 48:790-803. [PMID: 32348027 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is divided into sub-categories based upon morphology, immunostaining pattern, biology, molecular profile, and/or treatment options. Up until the early 2000s when driver mutations with targeted therapies were identified in a subset of adenocarcinomas, the most critical distinction of lung carcinomas was driven by differences in treatment between small cell carcinoma (SCC) and nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The distinction between SCC and NSCLC remains critical in the 21st century for management, especially for advanced stage cancer. In the vast majority of cases, morphological features are sufficient to separate SCC from other types of lung cancers. In some instances, however, cytomorphological features and immunohistochemical overlap with other tumors, limited sample availability, and/or crush artifact pose diagnostic challenges. The aim of this review is to highlight salient features of SCC and ancillary studies to distinguish it from common and uncommon potential mimickers, as well as provide updates in genomics and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maryam Shirazi
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine A Shu
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Hematology & Oncology, New York, New York, USA
| | - John P Crapanzano
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Griesel C, Desmirean M, Esterhuizen T, Pasca S, Petrushev B, Selicean C, Roman A, Fetica B, Teodorescu P, Swanepoel C, Tomuleasa C, Grewal R. Differential Diagnosis of Malignant Lymphadenopathy Using Flow Cytometry on Fine Needle Aspirate: Report on 269 Cases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010283. [PMID: 31968576 PMCID: PMC7019747 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is frequently the first noninvasive test used for the diagnostic workup of lymphadenopathy. There have been many studies showing its usefulness, especially in conjunction with other techniques for the diagnosis of lymphoma, but it remains inferior to histological examination. The data regarding this subject have mostly been reported mostly from first-world countries, but are scarce for emerging economies. Thus, the current study assesses the agreement between fine needle aspiration flow cytometry (FNA FC) and histology in the aforementioned region. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including the FNA FC adenopathy diagnoses made between January 2011 and December 2016 at the Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Additional variables included were the histological diagnosis, sex and age of the included patients. Results: In the descriptive part of the current study, 269 FNA FC samples were included. The most frequent diagnoses made on these were represented by B-cell lymphoma, reactive adenopathy, no abnormality detected (NAD), and non-hematological malignancy. In the analytical part of the current study, there were 115 cases included that had both valid FNA FC and histological diagnoses. It could be observed that FNA FC can correctly diagnose B-cell lymphoma in most cases, but it is a poor diagnostic tool especially for Hodgkin lymphoma in this setting as only a four-color flow cytometer was available for diagnosis. Moreover, FNA FC diagnosis of reactive adenopathy and of no abnormalities detected was shown to frequently hide a malignant disease. Conclusion: In countries with scarce resources, FNA FC represents a useful diagnostic tool in the case of B-cell lymphoma, but may misdiagnose reactive adenopathy. Thus, FNA FC should be used in a case-specific manner, in addition to as a screening tool, with the knowledge that in cases with a high clinical suspicion of lymphoma, histological diagnosis is a necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Griesel
- National Health Laboratory Services, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (C.G.); (T.E.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Minodora Desmirean
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400124 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (M.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Constantin Papilian Military Hospital, 400001 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Tonya Esterhuizen
- National Health Laboratory Services, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (C.G.); (T.E.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Sergiu Pasca
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Bobe Petrushev
- Department of Pathology, Octavian Fodor Regional Institute for Gastroenterology, 400111 Cluj Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristina Selicean
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Roman
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Department of Radiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400124 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Fetica
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Patric Teodorescu
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400124 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (M.D.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Swanepoel
- National Health Laboratory Services, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (C.G.); (T.E.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400124 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (M.D.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ravnit Grewal
- National Health Laboratory Services, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (C.G.); (T.E.); (C.S.); (R.G.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Western Cape, Belville 7535, South Africa
- The South African National Bioinformatics Institute, Medical Research Council, University of the Western Cape, Belville 7535, South Africa
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Cytohistologic Features of Salivary Gland Lymphomas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:249-254. [PMID: 34017917 DOI: 10.1097/pcr.0000000000000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Maekawa K, Tokumitsu T, Minematsu E, Noguchi H, Nakamura E, Asada Y, Nakayama T, Sameshima H, Sato Y. Cervical lymph node metastasis of ovarian dysgerminoma: A case report with fine needle aspiration cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 2019; 48:356-359. [PMID: 31886634 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dysgerminoma is a rare germ cell tumor, accounting for 1% to 2% of all malignant ovarian tumors. Here, we report a case of dysgerminoma diagnosed by aspiration cytology of a cervical lymph node. A 20-year-old woman presented with an abdominal mass and left cervical swelling. CT revealed a large pelvic tumor, along with a nodular lesion on the left side of neck. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of a cervical lymph node showed large atypical cells and small lymphocytes. Immunocytochemical staining on cell block material revealed that these large tumor cells were positive for placental alkaline phosphatase, D2-40, and c-kit. Dysgerminoma was suggested by FNA cytology. Furthermore, bilateral oophorectomy was performed, and histology confirmed the diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma. FNA cytology of metastatic lymph nodes along with immunocytochemistry is a useful tool for diagnosis of dysgerminoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Maekawa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takako Tokumitsu
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Eiko Minematsu
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Noguchi
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Eriko Nakamura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yujiro Asada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nakayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sameshima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Sato
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki University Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Mendes APO, Oliveira BC, Pereira AMS, Castro MCAB, Souza MA, Brito MEF, Araújo FF, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Pereira VRA. American tegumentary leishmaniasis diagnosis using L. (V.) braziliensis fixed promastigotes: a comparative performance of serological tests and spontaneous cure identification. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:1015. [PMID: 31783798 PMCID: PMC6884772 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to demonstrate the applicability of a flow cytometry-based serology approach to identify spontaneous cure by the detection of immunoglobulin G, and also, the diagnosis and cure criterion by the IgG1 isotype in American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis - ATL caused by L. (V.) braziliensis. Also, a comparison between flow cytometry with the serological conventional technique was performed. METHODS Forty five individuals were included in study. They were assessed in two moments: First, 8 subjects spontaneously cured of ATL, 8 healthy individuals and 15 patients who had a positive diagnosis for ATL were selected before treatment to identify spontaneous cure by immunoglobulin G detection. Secondly, 14 patients who were positive for ATL were selected and had their blood collected before and 1, 2 and 5 years after treatment, respectively, for the diagnostic tests (ELISA and flow cytometry) and cure criterion evaluation using the IgG1 isotype. RESULTS The analysis of the mean percentage of positive fluorescent parasites (PPFP) along with the titration curves of IgG anti-fixed promastigotes of L.(V.)braziliensis, confirmed the applicability of this method for monitoring spontaneous cure in ATL with outstanding co-positivity (100%) and co-negativity (100%) performance indexes. Regarding the results of the comparison between flow cytometry and ELISA it was seen that there was a better accuracy of the first one in relation to the other. When IgG1 applicability was evaluated, it was observed that before treatment, 36.8% of the patients were negative; in patients 1 year post-treatment, 82.3%; 2 years post-treatment, 27.2% and in patients 5 years post-treatment, 87.5%. The overall analysis of the results suggests that flow cytometry can be applied to ATL detection, and that the use of IgG1 isotype has possibilities to contribute as a more specific diagnostic method. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this area has great perspectives use for the diagnosis and cure criterion, and also it can be scaled up with the possibility to characterize the different clinical stages of the disease. Together, these findings demonstrate the applicability of a flow cytometry-based serology approach and opens up new avenues of research with this technique, such as the understanding the humoral response in ATL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Pereira Oliveira Mendes
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Beatriz Coutinho Oliveira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Allana Maria S. Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | | | - Marina Assis Souza
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | - Maria Edileuza Felinto Brito
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Valeria Rêgo Alves Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 50670-420 Brazil
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Yoshino A, Kobayashi E, Shiomi M, Sato K, Ichii M, Ueda Y, Kimura T. A successful intraoperative diagnosis of coexisting lymphoma and endometrial cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2019; 17:166. [PMID: 31590673 PMCID: PMC6781389 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-019-1708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coexistence of hematological malignancy with endometrial cancer is a rare phenomenon. We report a case of coexistence of endometrial cancer with follicular lymphoma which we suspected preoperatively and diagnosed during surgery by a multidisciplinary intraoperative assessment. CASE PRESENTATION A 67-year-old woman was referred to our hospital due to a suspicion of an endometrial cancer. Endometrial biopsy revealed grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma. MRI showed invasion of the tumor into the outer half of the myometrium, and abdominal CT showed para-aortic and atypical mesentery lymphadenopathy which was suspected to be metastasis of endometrial cancer or malignant lymphoma. Abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, partial omentectomy, and mesentery lymph node biopsy for endometrial cancer were performed. The mesentery and para-aortic lymph nodes that were sent for frozen section analysis showed no metastasis of the endometrial cancer. We simultaneously conducted an unusual intraoperative emergent four-color flow cytometry and intraoperatively diagnosed a B cell lymphoma in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Because this multidisciplinary assessment, we were able to avoid an unnecessary intestinal resection. The final pathological diagnosis was an endometrioid carcinoma (G1, FIGO stage IA), with a synchronous follicular lymphoma. CONCLUSION Although a rare event in endometrial cancer surgery, it is necessary to be alert to the possibility of a synchronous lymphoma in cases of unusual site adenopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Mayu Shiomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Pritzker KPH, Nieminen HJ. Needle Biopsy Adequacy in the Era of Precision Medicine and Value-Based Health Care. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2019; 143:1399-1415. [PMID: 31100015 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0463-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Needle biopsy of diseased tissue is an essential diagnostic tool that is becoming even more important as precision medicine develops. However, the capability of this modality to efficiently provide samples adequate for diagnostic and prognostic analysis remains quite limited relative to current diagnostic needs. For physicians and patients, inadequate biopsy frequently leads to diagnostic delay, procedure duplication, or insufficient information about tumor biology leading to delay in treatment; for health systems, this results in substantial incremental costs and inefficient use of scarce specialized diagnostic resources. OBJECTIVE.— To review current needle biopsy technology, devices, and practice with a perspective to identify current limitations and opportunities for improvement in the context of advancing precision medicine. DATA SOURCES.— PubMed searches of fine-needle aspiration and core needle biopsy devices and similar technologies were made generally, by tissue site, and by adequacy as well as by health economics of these technologies. CONCLUSIONS.— Needle biopsy adequacy can be improved by recognizing the importance of this diagnostic tool by promoting common criteria for needle biopsy adequacy; by optimizing needle biopsy procedural technique, technologies, clinical practice, professional education, and quality assurance; and by bundling biopsy procedure costs with downstream diagnostic modalities to provide better accountability and incentives to improve the diagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P H Pritzker
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Pritzker); and the Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland (Dr Nieminen)
| | - Heikki J Nieminen
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Pritzker); and the Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland (Dr Nieminen)
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26
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Crous H, Gillam A, Kalokerinos M, Knezevic S, Hobson P, Papadimos DJ, Shield PW. Investigation of lymphoid lesions of the head and neck using combined fine needle aspiration cytology and flow cytometry: Accuracy and pitfalls. Cytopathology 2019; 30:370-377. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Crous
- Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia
- Faculty of Health School of Biomedical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Amanda Gillam
- Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland
| | | | - Sasenka Knezevic
- Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland
| | - Peter Hobson
- Immunology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland
| | - David J Papadimos
- Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia
| | - Paul W Shield
- Cytology Department Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology Bowen Hills Queensland Australia
- Faculty of Health School of Biomedical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
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27
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Savvidou K, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kafasi N, Konstantopoulos K, Vassilakopoulos T, Angelopoulou M, Siakantaris M, Korkolopoulou P, Kanavaros P, Mikou P. Diagnostic role of cytology in serous effusions of patients with hematologic malignancies. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 47:404-411. [PMID: 30417978 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated serous effusions occurring during the course of an already known hematologic neoplasia or as a first manifestation of it. We correlated cytology results with flow cytometry results, when available. In the absence of flow cytometry, our correlation was based on clinical follow up information obtained retrospectively. We evaluated our results in relation to the data of the literature and we considered some new suggestions for the improvement of cytology service. METHODS Serous effusions in hematologic patients were retrieved from the files of the Department of Cytology, Laiko Hospital, for a period of 2 years. All patients had enrolled either a previous hematologic history, or a suspicious clinical and imaging status. Seventy-three serous effusions were included. Cytology reports consisting of morphology and immunocytochemistry assessment were correlated to flow cytometry results and, occasionally, to clinical follow-up. RESULTS In the group of patients with previous history, sensitivity was 82.76%, positive predictive value was 100%, specificity 100%, and negative predictive value was 58.33%. In the group of patients without previous history, sensitivity and positive predictive value were both 91%, whereas specificity and negative predictive value could not be estimated. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that the diagnostic accuracy of cytology with the adjunct of immunocytochemistry is high compared to flow cytometry for detecting hematologic malignancies. In order to improve clinical performance, it is suggested that a cytology triage of serous effusions in all patients with hematologic malignancy must be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Savvidou
- Department of Cytopathology, Laiko Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolitsa Kafasi
- Flow Cytometry-Immunology Department, Laiko Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodore Vassilakopoulos
- Hematology Clinic, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Angelopoulou
- Hematology Clinic, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Siakantaris
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kanavaros
- Department of Anatomy- Histology- Embryology, University of Ioannina, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Mikou
- Department of Cytopathology, Laiko Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Barroca H, Bode-Lesniewska B, Cozzolino I, Zeppa P. Management of cytologic material, preanalytic procedures and biobanking in lymph node cytopathology. Cytopathology 2018; 30:17-30. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Barroca
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica; Hospital S João-Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Beata Bode-Lesniewska
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology; University Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Immacolata Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina; Università degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli; Napoli Italy
| | - Pio Zeppa
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia; Università di Salerno; Salerno Italy
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29
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Synchronic Diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma via EBUS-guided TBNA. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2018; 25:e41-e42. [DOI: 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Hollyfield JM, O'Connor SM, Maygarden SJ, Greene KG, Scanga LR, Tang S, Dodd LG, Wobker SE. Northern Italy in the American South: Assessing interobserver reliability within the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology. Cancer Cytopathol 2018; 126:390-396. [PMID: 29579353 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) has been proposed to standardize salivary gland fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses. This study assessed salivary gland FNA results and risk of malignancy (ROM) rates at the University of North Carolina as well as the interobserver reliability (IOR) of the atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) and salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) categories. METHODS The electronic medical record was searched for FNA cases from 2010 to 2017 with subsequent surgical resections. Histologic diagnosis was used for gold-standard comparison. The original cytologic results were then converted into MSRSGC categories (nondiagnostic, nonneoplastic, AUS, benign neoplasm, SUMP, suspicious, and malignant). For the assessment of IOR, 23 cases were selected with enrichment for cases diagnosed as AUS (n = 11) or SUMP (n = 9). Six boarded cytopathologists and 1 cytopathology fellow assessed representative slides and provided an MSRSGC diagnosis for each case. Fleiss' κ coefficients were calculated to determine IOR. RESULTS The ROM was 33% for both AUS and SUMP cases; however, the risk of neoplasia was 56% for AUS cases and 100% for SUMP cases. Fleiss' κ for the AUS category was 0.217 (P < .05), and Fleiss' κ for the SUMP category was 0.024 (P = .74). CONCLUSIONS In this study assessing the IOR of MSRSGC categories, fair agreement and slight agreement were found for the AUS and SUMP categories, respectively. Observers preferentially used the AUS or benign neoplasm category for SUMP cases, perhaps because of unfamiliarity with SUMP as a diagnostic option. The initial adoption of a new reporting system will require a quality assessment to ensure that the system is reliable and useful for clinicians. Cancer Cytopathol 2018;126:390-6. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan M Hollyfield
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Siobhan M O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Susan J Maygarden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kevin G Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lori R Scanga
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sherry Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Leslie G Dodd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sara E Wobker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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31
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Wang H, Malik A, Maleki Z, Rossi ED, Ping B, Chandra A, Ali SZ, Fadda G, Wang J, Arab SE, Zhao H, Jhala N. “Atypical” salivary gland fine needle aspiration: Risk of malignancy and interinstitutional variability. Diagn Cytopathol 2017; 45:1088-1094. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.23826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
| | - Aatika Malik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
| | - Zahra Maleki
- Department of Pathology; The Johns Hopkins Hospital; Maryland
| | - Esther Diana Rossi
- The Department of Anatomic Pathology and Histology; the Catholic University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Bo Ping
- Department of Pathology; Fudan University Cancer Hospital; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Ashish Chandra
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Guy's & St Thomas's Hospital NHSfT; London United Kingdom
| | - Syed Z. Ali
- Department of Pathology; The Johns Hopkins Hospital; Maryland
| | - Guido Fadda
- The Department of Anatomic Pathology and Histology; the Catholic University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Jindong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
| | - Seyedeh Elham Arab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
| | - Nirag Jhala
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Temple University Hospital; Pennsylvania
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Cytogenetics with flow cytometry in lymph node/extranodal tissue biopsies is sensitive to assist the early diagnosis of suspected lymphomas. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1673-1680. [PMID: 28744576 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the value of cytogenetic studies with flow cytometry (FC) in lymph node/extranodal tissue biopsies with suspected lymphoma. To evaluate this, G-banded karyotyping and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with FC immunophenotyping were performed on 185 lymph node or extranodal tissue biopsy specimens with suspected lymphoma. Complete cytogenetic analysis of lymph node/extranodal tissue was successful in 174 cases (94.1%) and 57.5% demonstrated chromosomal abnormalities. In 116 malignant lymphoma cases, 83.8% showed abnormalities. In 74 B cell lymphomas (B-NHL), abnormalities were more frequent in lymph node/extranodal tissues than in bone marrow by conventional cytogenetics (CC, 97.2 vs 26.1%), FISH (70.6 vs 17.6%), and FC (98.6 vs 28.4%). Three B-NHL diagnoses were confirmed by re-biopsy of lymph nodes due to the presence of abnormalities in the first biopsy, but no evidence of malignancy in pathological, FC, or IgH/TCR gene rearrangement analyses. In 29 T cell lymphomas (T-NHL), abnormalities were more frequent in lymph nodes than in bone marrow by CC (67.9 vs 21.4%) and FC (75.9 vs 27.6%) analyses. As expected, in 13 Hodgkin lymphoma cases, abnormalities were more frequent in lymph nodes than bone marrow by CC (41.7 vs 16.7%) and FC (30.8 vs 7.7%) analyses. In 56 reactive lymphoid hyperplasias (RLH), 7.1% had conventional clonal cytogenetic abnormalities. Two of these patients died of disease progression and two had their pathological diagnosis revised after the second review. These findings indicate that cytogenetic analysis combined with FC in lymph node/extranodal tissue biopsies can provide critical information in the auxiliary diagnosis of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pio Zeppa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital 'San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona' of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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