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Spectrum of Rare and Common Genetic Variants in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081043. [PMID: 36008935 PMCID: PMC9405889 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a rare inherited disorder, whose genetic cause is elusive in about 50–70% of cases. ACM presents a variable disease course which could be influenced by genetics. We performed next-generation sequencing on a panel of 174 genes associated with inherited cardiovascular diseases on 82 ACM probands (i) to describe and classify the pathogenicity of rare variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics both for ACM-associated genes and for genes linked to other cardiovascular genetic conditions; (ii) to assess, for the first time, the impact of common variants on the ACM clinical disease severity by genotype-phenotype correlation and survival analysis. We identified 15 (likely) pathogenic variants and 66 variants of uncertain significance in ACM-genes and 4 high-impact variants in genes never associated with ACM (ABCC9, APOB, DPP6, MIB1), which deserve future consideration. In addition, we found 69 significant genotype-phenotype associations between common variants and clinical parameters. Arrhythmia-associated polymorphisms resulted in an increased risk of arrhythmic events during patients’ follow-up. The description of the genetic framework of our population and the observed genotype-phenotype correlation constitutes the starting point to address the current lack of knowledge in the genetics of ACM.
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Huang YS, Xing YL, Li HW. Heterozygous desmin gene ( DES) mutation contributes to familial dilated cardiomyopathy. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211006598. [PMID: 33823640 PMCID: PMC8033466 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211006598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (FDCM) is characterized by high genetic heterogeneity and
an increased risk of heart failure or sudden cardiac death in adults. We report the case
of a 62-year-old man with a 2-month history of shortness of breath during activity,
without paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. The patient underwent a series of examinations
including transthoracic echocardiography, coronary arteriography, transesophageal
echocardiography, and myocardial perfusion imaging. After excluding secondary cardiac
enlargement, he was diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). His sister had also been
diagnosed with DCM several years before. Genetic sequencing analysis revealed that the
patient, his sister, and his son all had the same mutation in the desmin gene
(DES) (chr2-220785662, c.1010C>T). Genetic testing confirmed a
heterozygous DES mutation contributing to FDCM. In this case, the
etiology of the patient’s whole-heart enlargement was determined as FDCM with
DES gene mutation. This is the first report to describe
DES c.1010C>T as a cause of FDCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shuo Huang
- Research Ward, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Li Xing
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Luo FM, Deng MX, Yu R, Liu L, Fan LL. Case Report: Chorea-Acanthocytosis Presents as Epilepsy in a Consanguineous Family With a Nonsense Mutation of in VPS13A. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:604715. [PMID: 33679298 PMCID: PMC7928333 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.604715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorea-Acanthocytosis (ChAc), a rare autosomal recessive inherited neurological disorder, originated from variants in Vacuolar Protein Sorting 13 homolog A (VPS13A) gene. The main symptoms of ChAc contain hyperkinetic movements, seizures, cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms, elevated serum biochemical indicators, and acanthocytes detection in peripheral blood smear. Recently, researchers found that epilepsy may be a presenting and prominent symptom of ChAc. Here, we enrolled a consanguineous family with epilepsy and non-coordinated movement. Whole exome sequencing was employed to explore the genetic lesion of the family. After data filtering, co-separation analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, the homozygous nonsense variant (NM_033305.2: c.8282C>G, p.S2761X) of VPS13A were identified which could be genetic factor of the patient. No other meaningful mutations were detected. This mutation (p.S2761X) led to a truncated protein in exon 60 of the VPS13A gene, was simultaneously absent in our 200 local control participants. The homozygous mutation (NM_033305.2: c.8282C>G, p.S2761X) of VPS13A may be the first time be identified in ChAc patient with epilepsy. Our study assisted to the diagnosis of ChAc in this patient and contributed to the genetic diagnosis and counseling of families with ChAc presented as epilepsy. Moreover, we further indicated that epilepsy was a crucial phenotype in ChAc patients caused by VPS13A mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Mei Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cell Biology, The School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Xing Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lv Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang-Liang Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cell Biology, The School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changsha, China
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Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified a De Novo Mutation of Junction Plakoglobin (p.R577C) in a Chinese Patient with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9103860. [PMID: 31275992 PMCID: PMC6558630 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9103860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disorder of the heart. The clinical spectrum of ARVC includes myocyte loss and fibro-fatty tissue replacement. With the progress of ARVC, the patient can present serious ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, and even sudden cardiac death. Previous studies have demonstrated that desmosomes and intermediate junctions play a crucial role in the generation and development of ARVC. In this study, we enrolled a Chinese patient with suspicious ARVC. The patient suffered from right ventricular enlargement and less thickening of right ventricular wall. ECG record showed an epsilon wave. However, there was no obvious symptom in his parents. After whole-exome sequencing and data filtering, we identified a de novo mutation (c.1729C>T/p.R577C) of junction plakoglobin (JUP) in this patient. Bioinformatics programs predicted that this mutation was deleterious. Western blot revealed that, compared to cells transfected with WT plasmids, the expressions of desmoglein 2 (DSG2) and Connexin 43 were decreased overtly in cells transfected with the mutant plasmid. Previous studies have proven that the reduction of DSG2 and Connexin 43 may disturb the stability of desmosomes. In this research, we reported a novel de novo mutation (c.1729C>T/p.R577C) of JUP in a Chinese patient with suspicious ARVC. Functional research further confirmed the pathogenicity of this novel mutation. Our study expanded the spectrum of JUP mutations and may contribute to the genetic diagnosis and counseling of patients with ARVC.
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Brodehl A, Gaertner-Rommel A, Milting H. Molecular insights into cardiomyopathies associated with desmin (DES) mutations. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:983-1006. [PMID: 29926427 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing usage of next-generation sequencing techniques pushed during the last decade cardiogenetic diagnostics leading to the identification of a huge number of genetic variants in about 170 genes associated with cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, or syndromes with cardiac involvement. Because of the biochemical and cellular complexity, it is challenging to understand the clinical meaning or even the relevant pathomechanisms of the majority of genetic sequence variants. However, detailed knowledge about the associated molecular pathomechanism is essential for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies in future and genetic counseling. Mutations in DES, encoding the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein desmin, have been identified in different kinds of cardiac and skeletal myopathies. Here, we review the functions of desmin in health and disease with a focus on cardiomyopathies. In addition, we will summarize the genetic and clinical literature about DES mutations and will explain relevant cell and animal models. Moreover, we discuss upcoming perspectives and consequences of novel experimental approaches like genome editing technology, which might open a novel research field contributing to the development of efficient and mutation-specific treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brodehl
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Anna Gaertner-Rommel
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Liu
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Yu
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
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Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified a Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation of LRRC6 in a Chinese Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Patient. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1854269. [PMID: 29511670 PMCID: PMC5817365 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1854269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinical rare peculiar disorder, mainly featured by respiratory infection, tympanitis, nasosinusitis, and male infertility. Previous study demonstrated it is an autosomal recessive disease and by 2017 almost 40 pathologic genes have been identified. Among them are the leucine-rich repeat- (LRR-) containing 6 (LRRC6) codes for a 463-amino-acid cytoplasmic protein, expressed distinctively in motile cilia cells, including the testis cells and the respiratory epithelial cells. In this study, we applied whole-exome sequencing combined with PCD-known genes filtering to explore the genetic lesion of a PCD patient. A novel compound heterozygous mutation in LRRC6 (c.183T>G/p.N61K; c.179-1G>A) was identified and coseparated in this family. The missense mutation (c.183T>G/p.N61K) may lead to a substitution of asparagine by lysine at position 61 in exon 3 of LRRC6. The splice site mutation (c.179-1G>A) may cause a premature stop codon in exon 4 and decrease the mRNA levels of LRRC6. Both mutations were not present in our 200 local controls, dbSNP, and 1000 genomes. Three bioinformatics programs also predicted that both mutations are deleterious. Our study not only further supported the importance of LRRC6 in PCD, but also expanded the spectrum of LRRC6 mutations and will contribute to the genetic diagnosis and counseling of PCD patients.
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Effect of Levocarnitine on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Conventional Therapy in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Results of a Randomized Trial in 29 Children. Paediatr Drugs 2018; 20:285-290. [PMID: 29468383 PMCID: PMC5954011 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-018-0284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of levocarnitine supplementation has not been evaluated in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the effect of oral levocarnitine supplementation in pediatric patients with DCM. METHODS Twenty-nine children with DCM (17 male, 12 female, aged 1 month to 13 years) were divided into two groups according to a simple randomization: control group (n = 10) and experimental group (n = 19). All children were given oral hydrochlorothiazide, enalapril, and spironolactone; additionally, patients with cardiac function of NYHA grade IV were given oral digoxin, and patients with intractable heart failure were given intravenous dopamine and dobutamine. When cardiac function was restored to NYHA grade II-III, patients were given oral metoprolol. Patients in the experimental group received add-on treatment with oral levocarnitine solution (50-100 mg/kg/day). Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), short axis shortening (FS), and left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) diameters were measured at different times during the follow-up. RESULTS The children with DCM were followed up for 1 year. Cardiac function was significantly improved in the experimental group compared with the control group. Specifically, the EF and FS were increased (p < 0.05), the LA and LV diameters were reduced (p < 0.05), and the EF was increased more significantly in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Oral levocarnitine solution appeared to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of conventional therapy in children with DCM.
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Yu R, Fan XF, Chen C, Liu ZH. Whole‑exome sequencing identifies a novel mutation (R367G) in SCN5A to be associated with familial cardiac conduction disease. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:410-414. [PMID: 28534967 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac conduction disease is a primary cause of sudden cardiac death. Sodium voltage‑gated channel‑α subunit 5 (SCN5A) mutations have been reported to underlie a variety of inherited arrhythmias. Numerous disease‑causing mutations of SCN5A have been identified in patients with ≥10 different conditions, including type 3 long‑QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome. The present study investigated a family with a history of arrhythmia, with the proband having a history of arrhythmia and syncope. Whole‑exome sequencing was applied in order to detect the disease‑causing mutation in this family, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the co‑segregation among the family members. A missense mutation (c.1099C>G/p.R367G) of SCN5A was identified in the family and was observed to be co‑segregated in all affected members of the family. The missense mutation results in a substitution of glycine for arginine, which may affect sodium transmembrane transport. The present study provides an accurate genetic test which may be used in individuals who exhibit no clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Feng Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410010, P.R. China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Hua Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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