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Gurung S, Timmermand OV, Perocheau D, Gil-Martinez AL, Minnion M, Touramanidou L, Fang S, Messina M, Khalil Y, Spiewak J, Barber AR, Edwards RS, Pinto PL, Finn PF, Cavedon A, Siddiqui S, Rice L, Martini PGV, Ridout D, Heywood W, Hargreaves I, Heales S, Mills PB, Waddington SN, Gissen P, Eaton S, Ryten M, Feelisch M, Frassetto A, Witney TH, Baruteau J. mRNA therapy corrects defective glutathione metabolism and restores ureagenesis in preclinical argininosuccinic aciduria. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh1334. [PMID: 38198573 PMCID: PMC7615535 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) enables the clearance of neurotoxic ammonia and the biosynthesis of arginine. Patients with ASL deficiency present with argininosuccinic aciduria, an inherited metabolic disease with hyperammonemia and a systemic phenotype coinciding with neurocognitive impairment and chronic liver disease. Here, we describe the dysregulation of glutathione biosynthesis and upstream cysteine utilization in ASL-deficient patients and mice using targeted metabolomics and in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using (S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate ([18F]FSPG). Up-regulation of cysteine metabolism contrasted with glutathione depletion and down-regulated antioxidant pathways. To assess hepatic glutathione dysregulation and liver disease, we present [18F]FSPG PET as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to monitor therapeutic response in argininosuccinic aciduria. Human hASL mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles improved glutathione metabolism and chronic liver disease. In addition, hASL mRNA therapy corrected and rescued the neonatal and adult Asl-deficient mouse phenotypes, respectively, enhancing ureagenesis. These findings provide mechanistic insights in liver glutathione metabolism and support clinical translation of mRNA therapy for argininosuccinic aciduria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Gurung
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Dany Perocheau
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ana Luisa Gil-Martinez
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Loukia Touramanidou
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sherry Fang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Martina Messina
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Youssef Khalil
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Justyna Spiewak
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Abigail R Barber
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Richard S Edwards
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Patricia Lipari Pinto
- Santa Maria's Hospital, Lisbon North University Hospital Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Rice
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Deborah Ridout
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Wendy Heywood
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ian Hargreaves
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool L3 5UG, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Philippa B Mills
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon N Waddington
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witswatersrand, Braamfontein, 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Paul Gissen
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mina Ryten
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Timothy H Witney
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Free Radical Scavengers Prevent Argininosuccinic Acid-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Developing Rats: a New Adjuvant Therapy for Argininosuccinate Lyase Deficiency? Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1233-1244. [PMID: 31707633 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tissue accumulation and high urinary excretion of argininosuccinate (ASA) is the biochemical hallmark of argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (ASLD), a urea cycle disorder mainly characterized by neurologic abnormalities, whose pathogenesis is still unknown. Thus, in the present work, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo effects of ASA on a large spectrum of oxidative stress parameters in brain of adolescent rats in order to test whether disruption of redox homeostasis could be involved in neurodegeneration of this disorder. ASA provoked in vitro lipid and protein oxidation, decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and increased reactive oxygen species generation in cerebral cortex and striatum. Furthermore, these effects were totally prevented or attenuated by the antioxidants melatonin and GSH. Similar results were obtained by intrastriatal administration of ASA, in addition to increased reactive nitrogen species generation and decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase. It was also observed that melatonin and N-acetylcysteine prevented most of ASA-induced in vivo pro-oxidant effects in striatum. Taken together, these data indicate that disturbance of redox homeostasis induced at least in part by high brain ASA concentrations per se may potentially represent an important pathomechanism of neurodegeneration in patients with ASLD and that therapeutic trials with appropriate antioxidants may be an adjuvant treatment for these patients.
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Baruteau J, Diez-Fernandez C, Lerner S, Ranucci G, Gissen P, Dionisi-Vici C, Nagamani S, Erez A, Häberle J. Argininosuccinic aciduria: Recent pathophysiological insights and therapeutic prospects. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:1147-1161. [PMID: 30723942 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The first patients affected by argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) were reported 60 years ago. The clinical presentation was initially described as similar to other urea cycle defects, but increasing evidence has shown overtime an atypical systemic phenotype with a paradoxical observation, that is, a higher rate of neurological complications contrasting with a lower rate of hyperammonaemic episodes. The disappointing long-term clinical outcomes of many of the patients have challenged the current standard of care and therapeutic strategy, which aims to normalize plasma ammonia and arginine levels. Interrogations have raised about the benefit of newborn screening or liver transplantation on the neurological phenotype. Over the last decade, novel discoveries enabled by the generation of new transgenic argininosuccinate lyase (ASL)-deficient mouse models have been achieved, such as, a better understanding of ASL and its close interaction with nitric oxide metabolism, ASL physiological role outside the liver, and the pathophysiological role of oxidative/nitrosative stress or excessive arginine treatment. Here, we present a collaborative review, which highlights these recent discoveries and novel emerging concepts about ASL role in human physiology, ASA clinical phenotype and geographic prevalence, limits of current standard of care and newborn screening, pathophysiology of the disease, and emerging novel therapies. We propose recommendations for monitoring of ASA patients. Ongoing research aims to better understand the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the systemic disease to design novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Baruteau
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
- Metabolic Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carmen Diez-Fernandez
- Division of Metabolism and Children Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shaul Lerner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israël
| | - Giusy Ranucci
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paul Gissen
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
- Metabolic Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandesh Nagamani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israël
| | - Johannes Häberle
- Division of Metabolism and Children Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP) and Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
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Aoyagi K. Significance of reactive oxygen in kidney disease elucidated by uremic toxins. J Artif Organs 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01235827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Aoyagi K, Shahrzad S, Iida S, Tomida C, Hirayama A, Nagase S, Takemura K, Koyama A, Ohba S, Narita M, Cohen BD. Role of nitric oxide in the synthesis of guanidinosuccinic acid, an activator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL. SUPPLEMENT 2001; 78:S93-6. [PMID: 11168991 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.59780093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We propose that reactive oxygen and argininosuccinic acid (ASA) form guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA). An alternative to this hypothesis is the so-called guanidine cycle, which consists of a series of hydroxyurea derivatives that serve as intermediates in a pathway leading from urea to GSA. We compare the role of the guanidine cycle to that of nitric oxide (NO) in the synthesis of GSA. METHODS The members of the guanidine cycle (hydroxyurea, hydroxylamine plus homoserine, L-canaline, and L-canavanine) were incubated with isolated rat hepatocytes. The known NO donors, NOR-2, NOC-7, and SIN-1, were incubated with ASA in vitro. Ornithine, arginine, or citrulline, which increase arginine, a precursor of NO, were incubated with isolated rat hepatocytes. GSA was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS None of guanidine cycle members except for urea formed GSA. SIN-1, which generates superoxide and NO formed GSA, but other simple NO donors, did not. Both carboxy-PTIO, a scavenger of NO, and dimethyl sulfoxide, a hydroxyl radical scavenger, completely inhibited GSA synthesis by SIN-1. GSA formation by SIN-1 reached a maximum at 0.5 mmol/L and decreased at higher concentrations. GSA synthesis, stimulated by urea in isolated hepatocytes, was inhibited by ornithine, arginine, or citrulline with ammonia, but not by ornithine without ammonia, where arginine production is limited. CONCLUSION GSA is formed from ASA and the hydroxyl radical. When arginine increased in hepatocytes, GSA synthesis decreased. These data suggest that increased NO, which results from high concentrations of arginine, or SIN-1 scavenges the hydroxyl radical. This may explain the decreased GSA synthesis in inborn errors of the urea cycle where ASA is decreased, and also the diminished GSA excretion in arginemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Aoyagi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Hirayama A, Noronha-Dutra AA, Gordge MP, Neild GH, Hothersall JS. Inhibition of neutrophil superoxide production by uremic concentrations of guanidino compounds. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11:684-689. [PMID: 10752527 DOI: 10.1681/asn.v114684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In uremia, diminished reactive oxygen intermediate production is an important consequence of impaired neutrophil function. The effects of guanidino compounds, which are known uremic toxins, on neutrophil reactive oxygen intermediate production in vitro were studied. Neutrophils from healthy volunteers were exposed for 3 h to individual guanidino compounds or mixed guanidino compounds (GCmix), at concentrations observed in uremic plasma. After removal of the guanidino compounds, the neutrophils were activated by adhesion, N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine, phorbol myristate acetate, or opsonized zymosan, and superoxide production was measured by monitoring lucigenin chemiluminescence. The direct effects of guanidino compounds on superoxide production in activated neutrophils were also measured. The energy status (ATP and creatine phosphate), antioxidant status (total glutathione), and glycolytic flux (lactate production) were measured. GCmix pretreatment decreased superoxide production in activated neutrophils (activated by N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine or zymosan) by 50% (P < 0.01), decreased ATP concentrations by 60% (P < 0.05), and inhibited glycolytic flux (lactate production) by 45% (P < 0.01) but did not alter glutathione concentrations. Simultaneous GCmix exposure and activation did not inhibit NADPH oxidase activity in cell lysates but inhibited superoxide formation in zymosan-activated intact neutrophils; this inhibition was reversed after removal of the guanidino compounds. Guanidinosuccinic acid, guanidinopropionic acid, and guanidinobutyric acid, when tested individually, were each as potent as GCmix. The inhibition of neutrophil superoxide generation by guanidino compounds results from decreased energy status. Micromolar concentrations of guanidino compounds significantly inhibit neutrophil metabolism, with serious implications for the functions of neutrophils in host defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Hirayama
- Free Radical Research Group, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto A Noronha-Dutra
- Free Radical Research Group, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Gordge
- Free Radical Research Group, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guy H Neild
- Free Radical Research Group, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John S Hothersall
- Free Radical Research Group, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Aoyagi K, Akiyama K, Shahrzad S, Tomida C, Hirayama A, Nagase S, Takemura K, Koyama A, Ohba S, Narita M. Formation of guanidinosuccinic acid, a stable nitric oxide mimic, from argininosuccinic acid and nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Free Radic Res 1999; 31:59-65. [PMID: 10489120 DOI: 10.1080/10715769900300601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA) is noted for its nitric oxide (NO) mimicking actions such as vasodilatation and activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. We have reported that GSA is the product of argininosuccinate (ASA) and some reactive oxygen species, mainly the hydroxyl radical. We tested for GSA synthesis in the presence of NO donors. ASA (1 mM) was incubated with NOR-2, NOC-7 or 3-morpholinosydomine hydrochloride (SIN-1) at 37 degrees C. GSA was determined by HPLC using a cationic resin for separation and phenanthrenequinone as an indicator. Neither NOR-2 or NOC-7 formed GSA. SIN-1, on the other hand, generates NO and the superoxide anion which, in turn, generated peroxynitrite which was then converted to the hydroxyl radical. Incubation of ASA with SIN-1 leads, via this route, to GSA. When ASA was incubated with 1 mM SIN-1, the amount of GSA produced depended on the incubation time and the concentration of ASA. Among the tested SIN-1 concentrations, from 0.5 to 5 mM, GSA synthesis was maximum at 0.5 mM and decreased with increasing concentrations of SIN-1. Carboxy-PTIO, a NO scavenger, completely inhibited GSA synthesis. SOD, a superoxide scavenger, decreased GSA synthesis by 20%, and catalase inhibited GSA synthesis only by 12%; DMSO, a hydroxyl radical scavenger completely inhibited GSA synthesis in the presence of SIN-1. These data suggest that the hydroxyl radical derived from a combination of NO and the superoxide anion generates GSA, a stable NO mimic. Meanwhile, synthesis of GSA by NO produces reactive oxygen and activates the NMDA receptor that generates NO from GSA, suggesting a positive feed back mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Aoyagi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
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Shimura M, Ishizaka Y, Yuo A, Hatake K, Oshima M, Sasaki T, Takaku F. Characterization of room temperature induced apoptosis in HL-60. FEBS Lett 1997; 417:379-84. [PMID: 9409756 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)01327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We found that exposure to room temperature (RT/21 degrees C) causes apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Here we characterized RT-induced apoptosis in HL-60. After exposure to RT, apoptosis starts within 6 h and more than 80% of the cells underwent apoptosis within 20 h. All cells, however, were committed to apoptosis after 16 h and no viable cells could be recovered. The caspase-1 inhibitor (YVAD-CHO) effectively blocked apoptosis, whereas the caspase-3 inhibitor (DEVD-CHO) did not. About 20% of newly obtained early passage HL-60 cells (passage 10) also underwent apoptosis by RT treatment. These data suggest that some population in HL-60 which responds to RT with apoptosis became dominant during passaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimura
- Department of Haematology, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
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