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Khoj L, Zagà V, Amram DL, Hosein K, Pistone G, Bisconti M, Serafini A, Cammarata LM, Cattaruzza MS, Mura M. Effects of cannabis smoking on the respiratory system: A state-of-the-art review. Respir Med 2024; 221:107494. [PMID: 38056532 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The diminished perception of the health risks associated with the consumption of cannabis (marijuana) lead to a progressive increase in its inhalational use in many countries. Cannabis can be smoked through the use of joints, spliffs and blunts, and it can be vaporised with the use of hookah or e-cigarettes. Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive component of cannabis smoke but contains numerous other substances. While the recreational use of cannabis smoking has been legalised in several countries, its health consequences have been underestimated and undervalued. The purpose of this review is to critically review the impact of cannabis smoke on the respiratory system. Cannabis smoke irritates the bronchial tree and is strongly associated with symptoms of chronic bronchitis, with histological signs of airway inflammation and remodelling. Altered fungicidal and antibacterial activity of alveolar macrophages, with greater susceptibility to respiratory infections, is also reported. The association with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised subjects is particularly concerning. Although cannabis has been shown to produce a rapid bronchodilator effect, its chronic use is associated with poor control of asthma by numerous studies. Cannabis smoking also represents a risk factor for the development of bullous lung disease, spontaneous pneumothorax and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. On the other hand, no association with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was found. Finally, a growing number of studies report an independent association of cannabis smoking with the development of lung cancer. In conclusion, unequivocal evidence established that cannabis smoking is harmful to the respiratory system. Cannabis smoking has a wide range of negative effects on respiratory symptoms in both healthy subjects and patients with chronic lung disease. Given that the most common and cheapest way of assumption of cannabis is by smoking, healthcare providers should be prepared to provide counselling on cannabis smoking cessation and inform the public and decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lugain Khoj
- Division of Respirology, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Daniel L Amram
- Ambulatorio per la Cessazione del Fumo di Tabacco, ASL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Karishma Hosein
- Division of Respirology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Giovanni Pistone
- Centro per il Trattamento del Tabagismo, Local Health Unit, Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Bisconti
- U.O.C. Pneumologia - Ospedale "Vito Fazzi", Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
- Italian Society of Tobaccology, Bologna, Italy; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mura
- Division of Respirology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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2
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Mensah DN, Livingston J, Maddukuri V. Cannabis-Associated Pneumothorax: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e50825. [PMID: 38249204 PMCID: PMC10797579 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of cannabis for therapeutic and recreational purposes has been on the rise in recent years. This has increased the prevalence of cannabis use disorder across various demographic subgroups. A recent medical literature review describes a few cases demonstrating the association of spontaneous pneumothorax and bullous lung disease in cannabis users without concomitant tobacco use. We herein present a case report of a young male with chronic cannabis use who presented with right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax and bilateral apical blebs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis N Mensah
- Internal Medicine, New York Medical College at St. Mary's General Hospital and St. Clare's Health, Denville, USA
| | - Jonathan Livingston
- Internal Medicine, New York Medical College at St. Mary's General Hospital and St. Clare's Health, Denville, USA
| | - Vasudha Maddukuri
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Internal Medicine, New York Medical College at St. Mary's General Hospital and St. Clare's Health, Denville, USA
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3
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Bisconti M, De Palma A, Pacifici R, Rotolo MC, Pichini S, Brascia D, Trabucco X, Pellegrini M, Carrozzi L, Pistelli F, Marulli G. Spontaneous Pneumothorax Secondary to Bullous Lung Emphysema Positive for Cannabinoids upon Toxicological Examination. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4956. [PMID: 37568358 PMCID: PMC10419578 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis can be related to respiratory diseases, but the relationship between smoking marijuana and the development of a pneumothorax has scarcely been investigated. We aimed to analyze, in patients with a history of cannabis smoking abuse submitted to lung apicectomy for a primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), the correlation between the presence of cannabinoids in the resected lung and the detection of bullous emphysema within the same tissue. Patients undergoing lung apicectomy for a PSP were prospectively enrolled, and the correlation between the presence of cannabinoids in the resected lung tissue and histological finding of bullous emphysema was investigated with Fisher's exact test. There were 21 male patients, with a median age of 27 years. The cannabinoids found by the toxicological examination in surgical specimens were mainly delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabidiol (CBD). In 14/21 patients, cannabinoids were detected in the resected lung tissue, and bullous emphysema was present in 13/14 of these (93%), while bullous emphysema was found in only 1/7 (14%) of the remaining patients who were negative for cannabinoids in the lung tissue, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0009). Our study demonstrated the presence of bullous emphysema in most cannabinoid-positive patients and its absence in most of those who were cannabinoid-negative, supporting the correlation between cannabinoids in the lung tissue and bullous emphysema with the development of a "secondary" spontaneous pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bisconti
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
- Unit of Pneumology, Hospital “Vito Fazzi”, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Angela De Palma
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Roberta Pacifici
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.C.R.); (S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Maria Concetta Rotolo
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.C.R.); (S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Simona Pichini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.C.R.); (S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Debora Brascia
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Xenia Trabucco
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Manuela Pellegrini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.C.R.); (S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Carrozzi
- Unit of Pneumology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Pistelli
- Unit of Pneumology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Marulli
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
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Lim CM, Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Park DH, Jeong CY, Yang HS. Spontaneous pneumothorax after shoulder arthroscopy under general anesthesia: a case report. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231189367. [PMID: 37523598 PMCID: PMC10392293 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231189367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A woman in her early 70s presented with a right fifth rib fracture along with left scapular body and glenoid fractures resulting from a traffic accident. She had no history of lung disease. The patient underwent multi-incisional video-guided arthroscopic fracture reduction and screw fixation in the right lateral decubitus position under general anesthesia, and surgery was followed by chest tube insertion. Left-sided pneumothorax was found during routine postoperative radiography despite the absence of relevant symptoms or signs such as hypoxia, chest pain, or respiratory difficulty. We herein report this unusual case with a brief literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Mook Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo June Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Young Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hong Seuk Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Galvin J, Franks T. Marijuana and the Vulnerable Lung: The Role of Imaging and the Need to Move Quickly. Radiology 2022; 307:e222745. [PMID: 36378035 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.222745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Galvin
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Wayne St, Baltimore, MD 21201-1595 (J.G.); and Department of Pulmonary and Mediastinal Pathology, The Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, Md (T.F.)
| | - Teri Franks
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Wayne St, Baltimore, MD 21201-1595 (J.G.); and Department of Pulmonary and Mediastinal Pathology, The Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, Md (T.F.)
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Murtha L, Sathiadoss P, Salameh JP, Mcinnes MDF, Revah G. Chest CT Findings in Marijuana Smokers. Radiology 2022; 307:e212611. [PMID: 36378033 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.212611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Global consumption of marijuana is increasing, but there is a paucity of evidence concerning associated lung imaging findings. Purpose To use chest CT to investigate the effects of marijuana smoking in the lung. Materials and Methods This retrospective case-control study evaluated results of chest CT examinations (from October 2005 to July 2020) in marijuana smokers, nonsmoker control patients, and tobacco-only smokers. We compared rates of emphysema, airway changes, gynecomastia, and coronary artery calcification. Age- and sex-matched subgroups were created for comparison with tobacco-only smokers older than 50 years. Results were analyzed using χ2 tests. Results A total of 56 marijuana smokers (34 male; mean age, 49 years ± 14 [SD]), 57 nonsmoker control patients (32 male; mean age, 49 years ± 14), and 33 tobacco-only smokers (18 male; mean age, 60 years ± 6) were evaluated. Higher rates of emphysema were seen among marijuana smokers (42 of 56 [75%]) than nonsmokers (three of 57 [5%]) (P < .001) but not tobacco-only smokers (22 of 33 [67%]) (P = .40). Rates of bronchial thickening, bronchiectasis, and mucoid impaction were higher among marijuana smokers compared with the other groups (P < .001 to P = .04). Gynecomastia was more common in marijuana smokers (13 of 34 [38%]) than in control patients (five of 32 [16%]) (P = .039) and tobacco-only smokers (two of 18 [11%]) (P = .040). In age-matched subgroup analysis of 30 marijuana smokers (23 male), 29 nonsmoker control patients (17 male), and 33 tobacco-only smokers (18 male), rates of bronchial thickening, bronchiectasis, and mucoid impaction were again higher in the marijuana smokers than in the tobacco-only smokers (P < .001 to P = .006). Emphysema rates were higher in age-matched marijuana smokers (28 of 30 [93%]) than in tobacco-only smokers (22 of 33 [67%]) (P = .009). There was no difference in rate of coronary artery calcification between age-matched marijuana smokers (21 of 30 [70%]) and tobacco-only smokers (28 of 33 [85%]) (P = .16). Conclusion Airway inflammation and emphysema were more common in marijuana smokers than in nonsmokers and tobacco-only smokers, although variable interobserver agreement and concomitant cigarette smoking among the marijuana-smoking cohort limits our ability to draw strong conclusions. © RSNA, 2022 See also the editorial by Galvin and Franks in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Murtha
- From the Department of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Paul Sathiadoss
- From the Department of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Jean-Paul Salameh
- From the Department of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Matthew D. F. Mcinnes
- From the Department of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Giselle Revah
- From the Department of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
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Fischer B, Robinson T, Bullen C, Curran V, Jutras-Aswad D, Medina-Mora ME, Pacula RL, Rehm J, Room R, van den Brink W, Hall W. Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines (LRCUG) for reducing health harms from non-medical cannabis use: A comprehensive evidence and recommendations update. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2022; 99:103381. [PMID: 34465496 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis use is common, especially among young people, and is associated with risks for various health harms. Some jurisdictions have recently moved to legalization/regulation pursuing public health goals. Evidence-based 'Lower Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines' (LRCUG) and recommendations were previously developed to reduce modifiable risk factors of cannabis-related adverse health outcomes; related evidence has evolved substantially since. We aimed to review new scientific evidence and to develop comprehensively up-to-date LRCUG, including their recommendations, on this evidence basis. METHODS Targeted searches for literature (since 2016) on main risk factors for cannabis-related adverse health outcomes modifiable by the user-individual were conducted. Topical areas were informed by previous LRCUG content and expanded upon current evidence. Searches preferentially focused on systematic reviews, supplemented by key individual studies. The review results were evidence-graded, topically organized and narratively summarized; recommendations were developed through an iterative scientific expert consensus development process. RESULTS A substantial body of modifiable risk factors for cannabis use-related health harms were identified with varying evidence quality. Twelve substantive recommendation clusters and three precautionary statements were developed. In general, current evidence suggests that individuals can substantially reduce their risk for adverse health outcomes if they delay the onset of cannabis use until after adolescence, avoid the use of high-potency (THC) cannabis products and high-frequency/-intensity of use, and refrain from smoking-routes for administration. While young people are particularly vulnerable to cannabis-related harms, other sub-groups (e.g., pregnant women, drivers, older adults, those with co-morbidities) are advised to exercise particular caution with use-related risks. Legal/regulated cannabis products should be used where possible. CONCLUSIONS Cannabis use can result in adverse health outcomes, mostly among sub-groups with higher-risk use. Reducing the risk factors identified can help to reduce health harms from use. The LRCUG offer one targeted intervention component within a comprehensive public health approach for cannabis use. They require effective audience-tailoring and dissemination, regular updating as new evidence become available, and should be evaluated for their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fischer
- Schools of Population Health and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tessa Robinson
- Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chris Bullen
- Schools of Population Health and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; National Institute for Health Innovation (NIHI), The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Valerie Curran
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Didier Jutras-Aswad
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Elena Medina-Mora
- Center for Global Mental Health Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosalie Liccardo Pacula
- Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wim van den Brink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wayne Hall
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, United Kingdom
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Borchert DH, Kelm H, Morean M, Tannapfel A. Reporting of pneumothorax in association with vaping devices and electronic cigarettes. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/12/e247844. [PMID: 34920999 PMCID: PMC8685946 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-247844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaping may lead to spontaneous pneumothorax, but there are few published reports on this phenomenon. We present a case of vaping-related pneumothorax and make recommendations for structured reporting of this emerging cause for pneumothorax. A normal-weight 34-year-old male presented to our emergency department with dyspnoea and back pain increasing over 24 hours. Chest X-ray showed a large right-sided pneumothorax. Three years ago, he had quit smoking cigarettes and switched to vaping. CT scan revealed bullae, and the patient received apical lung resection. Histology revealed mild alveolitis. Vaping is an emerging cause of lung injury. This report demonstrates a potential association between vaping and pneumothorax. However, structured reporting and future research are needed to establish a definitive (or causal) relationship between vaping and pneumothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar H Borchert
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Hagen Kelm
- Respiratory Medicine, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Meghan Morean
- Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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9
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Betser L, Glorion M, Mordant P, Caramella C, Ghigna MR, Besse B, Planchard D, Le Pavec J, Chapelier A, Friard S, Gounant V, Castier Y, Levy A, Mercier O, Fabre D, Fadel E, Pradere P. Cannabis use and lung cancer: time to stop overlooking the problem? Eur Respir J 2021; 57:13993003.04132-2020. [PMID: 33509956 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04132-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Betser
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Matthieu Glorion
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre Mordant
- Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology Dept, Bichat Hospital and Paris University, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Caramella
- Diagnostic Imaging, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Ghigna
- Pathology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Medical Oncology Dept, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - David Planchard
- Medical Oncology Dept, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jérome Le Pavec
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Alain Chapelier
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Sylvie Friard
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Valérie Gounant
- Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology Dept, Bichat Hospital and Paris University, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Yves Castier
- Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology Dept, Bichat Hospital and Paris University, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Levy
- Radiotherapy Dept, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Dominique Fabre
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Pauline Pradere
- Thoracic Surgery and Pneumology Dept, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital and Paris Saclay University, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
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Manasrah N, Al Sbihi AF, Al Qasem S, Naik R, Hettiarachchi M. Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumothorax Associated With Marijuana Abuse: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e13205. [PMID: 33717745 PMCID: PMC7943398 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit recreational drug in the United States. Growing public support for marijuana law reform has resulted in a significant increase in its use. The harmful pulmonary consequences of chronic marijuana smoking are less researched and discussed than those of tobacco smoking. We present a case of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient with heavy, persistent marijuana abuse who has no past medical or surgical histories and denied smoking cigarettes or other illicit substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouraldeen Manasrah
- Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center (DMC) Sinai-Grace Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Ali F Al Sbihi
- Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center (DMC) Sinai-Grace Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | | | - Rohan Naik
- Cardiology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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11
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Chen Z, Zhao W, Wang L, Jin K, Shen J. Comments on therapy option for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:6416-6418. [PMID: 33282342 PMCID: PMC7711393 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weijun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Linyao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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