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Velissariou V, Sachinidi F, Christopoulou S, Florentin L, Liehr T, Efthymiadou A, Angelopoulou E, Chrysis D, Stefanou EG. Low-Level Trisomy 14 Mosaicism: A Carrier of an Isochromosome 14 and a Supernumerary Marker Chromosome 14. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:664-670. [PMID: 33202412 DOI: 10.1159/000511549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 14 (T14) mosaicism is a rare chromosomal condition characterised by various clinical features, including developmental delay, growth impairment, and dysmorphism. Here, we report on a 12-year-old female referred for cytogenetic analysis due to short stature. Standard GTG-banding analysis on the patient's peripheral blood revealed mosaic Τ14 in the form of an i(14)(q10) in 3% of cells. Furthermore, a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) had been detected in the first trimester of pregnancy in chorionic villus sampling. A skin biopsy in the patient revealed the presence of a metacentric sSMC in 100% of cells. Cytogenetic and FISH studies showed that it was a de novo metacentric bisatellited sSMC derived from chromosomes 14 or 22. Oligonucleotide array-CGH using skin cells revealed no copy number variations. Studies for uniparental disomy 14 by microsatellite analysis confirmed biparental inheritance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second report of a patient with 2 abnormal cell lines involving chromosome 14 in different tissues, one with mosaic T14 in the form of i(14)(q10) and one with an sSMC derived from chromosome 14, present in blood and skin, respectively. A rare mechanism of trisomy rescue events is proposed to explain the presence of the different cell lines in the tissues examined. This case highlights the importance of providing the cytogenetics laboratory with adequate clinical data to test for low mosaicism and analyse different tissues if necessary, thus contributing to the suitable clinical management of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voula Velissariou
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mitera Hospital, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece.,A-Lab, Genetics and Genomics Center, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bioiatriki Healthcare Group, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Stavroula Christopoulou
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mitera Hospital, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece.,A-Lab, Genetics and Genomics Center, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Lina Florentin
- A-Lab, Genetics and Genomics Center, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexandra Efthymiadou
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Angelopoulou
- Cytogenetics Unit, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionisios Chrysis
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Eunice G Stefanou
- Cytogenetics Unit, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece,
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