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Itonaga M, Ashida R, Kitano M. Updated techniques and evidence for endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition from solid pancreatic lesions. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e399. [PMID: 38911353 PMCID: PMC11190023 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA), including fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB), has revolutionized specimen collection from intra-abdominal organs, especially the pancreas. Advances in personalized medicine and more precise treatment have increased demands to collect specimens with higher cell counts, while preserving tissue structure, leading to the development of EUS-FNB needles. EUS-FNB has generally replaced EUS-FNA as the procedure of choice for EUS-TA of pancreatic cancer. Various techniques have been tested for their ability to enhance the diagnostic performance of EUS-TA, including multiple methods of sampling at the time of puncture, on-site specimen evaluation, and specimen processing. In addition, advances in next-generation sequencing have made comprehensive genomic profiling of EUS-TA samples feasible in routine clinical practice. The present review describes updates in EUS-TA sampling techniques of pancreatic lesions, as well as methods for their evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Itonaga
- Second Department of Internal MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Reiko Ashida
- Second Department of Internal MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Masayuki Kitano
- Second Department of Internal MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
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Gonzalez RS, Yin T, Rosenbaum MW, Quintana L. Evaluation of fine-needle core biopsy specimens for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Diagnostic utility and helpful histological features. Histopathology 2024; 85:275-284. [PMID: 38659189 DOI: 10.1111/his.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS With the advent of new biopsy devices, fine-needle core biopsy specimens can be obtained from pancreas masses. This study aimed to report the histological spectrum of intrapancreatic adenocarcinoma on fine-needle core biopsy and the accuracy of sampling. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified 423 SharkCore™ fine-needle core biopsies taken from patients with a high clinical concern for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. For each, we recorded patient age and sex, percentage of diagnostic tissue in each sample and tumour site, size and histological findings. The cases came from 392 patients (193 men, 199 women; mean age 69 years). Median diagnostic tissue amount in the samples was 30%. Common histological findings included desmoplasia (36%), single atypical cells (44%), haphazard glandular growth pattern (68%), nuclear pleomorphism > 4:1 (39%), incomplete gland lumens (18%) and detached atypical epithelial strips (37%). Additional levels were ordered on 143 cases. Final clinical diagnoses associated with the 423 cases were adenocarcinoma (n = 343), pancreatitis (n = 22), intraductal neoplasm or other benign/low-grade process (n = 16) and unknown (n = 42, patients lost to follow-up). Of the adenocarcinoma cases, the diagnosis was established by the evaluated fine-needle core biopsy sample alone in 178, by fine-needle aspiration biopsy alone in 30, by both concurrently in 89 and by subsequent biopsy or resection in 37 cases. Among 68 cases called suspicious on fine-needle core biopsy, 78% ultimately represented adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Fine-needle core biopsy allows for histological diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, using known histological parameters. Common findings include single atypical cells, desmoplasia, haphazard gland growth and nuclear pleomorphism. Cases interpreted as suspicious often represent malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul S Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tiffany Yin
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew W Rosenbaum
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liza Quintana
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Qiu J, Li K, Long X, Yu X, Gong P, Long Y, Wang X, Tian L. Clinical value of endoscopic ultrasound sound speed in differential diagnosis of pancreatic solid lesion and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7026. [PMID: 38477492 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of pancreatic solid lesion (PSL) and prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is a clinical challenge. We aimed to explore the differential diagnostic value of sound speed (SS) obtained from endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in PSL and the prognostic value of SS in PC. METHODS Patients with PSL in The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from March 2019 to October 2019 were prospectively enrolled, who obtained SS from PSL. Patients were divided into the PC group and the pancreatic benign lesion (PBL) group. SS1 is the SS of lesions and SS2 is the SS of normal tissues adjacent to lesions. Ratio1 is equal to SS1 divided by SS2 of PSL (ratio1 = SS1/SS2). RESULTS Eighty patients were enrolled (24 PBL patients, 56 PC patients). SS1 and ratio1 in PC group were higher compared with PBL group (SS1:1568.00 vs. 1550.00, Z = -2.066, p = 0.039; ratio1: 1.0110 vs. 1.0051, Z = -3.391, p = 0.001). The SS1 in PC (Z = -6.503, p < 0.001) was higher compared to SS2. In the nonsurgical group of PC, low ratio1 predicted high overall survival (OS) (7.000 months vs. 4.000 months; p = 0.039). In the surgical group of PC, low SS1 was associated with low median OS (4.000 months vs. 12.000 months; p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS SS plays a vital role in distinguishing between PBL and PC. Higher SS1 and ratio1 obtained by EUS are more related to PC than PBL. In PC patients, high SS1 may predict pancreatic lesions. In the nonsurgical group of PC, low ratio1 may predict high OS. However, in the surgical group of PC, low SS1 may predict low OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kangrong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuyan Long
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Long
- Health Management Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Masuda S, Koizumi K, Shionoya K, Jinushi R, Makazu M, Nishino T, Kimura K, Sumida C, Kubota J, Ichita C, Sasaki A, Kobayashi M, Kako M, Haruki U. Comprehensive review on endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition techniques for solid pancreatic tumor. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1863-1874. [PMID: 37032729 PMCID: PMC10080698 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i12.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is speculated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030, a high mortality rate considering the number of cases. Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatment options, but they are burdensome for patients. A clear histological diagnosis is needed to determine a treatment plan, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition (TA) is a suitable technique that does not worsen the cancer-specific prognosis even for lesions at risk of needle tract seeding. With the development of personalized medicine and precision treatment, there has been an increasing demand to increase cell counts and collect specimens while preserving tissue structure, leading to the development of the fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needle. EUS-FNB is rapidly replacing EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) as the procedure of choice for EUS-TA of pancreatic cancer. However, EUS-FNA is sometimes necessary where the FNB needle cannot penetrate small hard lesions, so it is important clinicians are familiar with both. Given these recent dev-elopments, we present an up-to-date review of the role of EUS-TA in pancreatic cancer. Particularly, technical aspects, such as needle caliber, negative pressure, and puncture methods, for obtaining an adequate specimen in EUS-TA are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakue Masuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Kazuya Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Kento Shionoya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Jinushi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Makomo Makazu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Karen Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sumida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Jun Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Chikamasa Ichita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Akiko Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Makoto Kako
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa 247-8533, Japan
| | - Uojima Haruki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0375, Japan
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Lundy J, Harris M, Zalcberg J, Zimet A, Goldstein D, Gebski V, Borsaru A, Desmond C, Swan M, Jenkins BJ, Croagh D. EUS-FNA Biopsies to Guide Precision Medicine in Pancreatic Cancer: Results of a Pilot Study to Identify KRAS Wild-Type Tumours for Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:770022. [PMID: 34956889 PMCID: PMC8696205 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.770022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer death and lacks effective treatment options. Diagnostic endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) biopsies represent an appealing source of material for molecular analysis to inform targeted therapy, as they are often the only available tissue for patients presenting with PDAC irrespective of disease stage. However, EUS-FNA biopsies are typically not used to screen for precision medicine studies due to concerns about low tissue yield and quality. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition has shown promise in clinical trials of unselected patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, but has not been prospectively tested in KRAS wild-type patients. Here, we examine the clinical utility of EUS-FNA biopsies for molecular screening of KRAS wild-type PDAC patients for targeted anti-EGFR therapy to assess the feasibility of this approach. Patients and Methods Fresh frozen EUS-FNA or surgical biopsies from PDAC patient tumours were used to screen for KRAS mutations. Eligible patients with recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic KRAS wild-type status who had received at least one prior line of chemotherapy were enrolled in a pilot study (ACTRN12617000540314) and treated with panitumumab at 6mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was 4-month progression-free survival (PFS). Results 275 patient biopsies were screened for KRAS mutations, which were detected in 88.3% of patient samples. 8 eligible KRAS wild-type patients were enrolled onto the interventional study between November 2017 and December 2020 and treated with panitumumab. 4-month PFS was 14.3% with no objective tumour responses observed. The only grade 3/4 treatment related toxicity observed was hypomagnesaemia. Conclusions This study demonstrates proof-of-principle feasibility to molecularly screen patients with pancreatic cancer for targeted therapies, and confirms diagnostic EUS-FNA biopsies as a reliable source of tumour material for molecular analysis. Single agent panitumumab was safe and tolerable but led to no objective tumour responses in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Lundy
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marion Harris
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences and School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - John Zalcberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allan Zimet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Val Gebski
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Adina Borsaru
- Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Michael Swan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel Croagh
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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