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Bringmann HC, Berghöfer A, Jeitler M, Michalsen A, Brunnhuber S, Haller H. Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification in Mild-to-Moderate Depression: Outcomes and Moderation Effects of Spirituality. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:532-542. [PMID: 38011739 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Understanding the relevance of religion or spirituality (R/S) in the treatment of mental disorders is central to clinical and academic psychiatry. In this secondary analysis, associations of R/S with depression were investigated with respect to a new second-generation mindfulness-based intervention, the Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) program. Methods: Different aspects of spirituality, spiritual coping, and spiritual engagement were assessed in 81 patients with a diagnosis of mild-to-moderate depression. Treatment effects on R/S postscores and predictor and moderation effects of depression severity and stress change-scores were evaluated at 8 weeks (MBLM vs. CONTROL [drug continuation therapy] vs. TAU [inpatient treatment as usual]) and 6 months (TAU+MBLM vs. TAU). Results: At both time points, significant differences between MBLM versus TAU and CONTROL were found in a range of spiritual outcomes, most of them with a medium-to-large effect size and in favor of MBLM. Baseline interest in spirituality (p = 0.001) and baseline spiritual mind-body practice (p = 0.017) were identified as independent predictors of change in depression severity at 6 months. Moreover, moderation analyses found that patients reporting often/regular spiritual mind-body practice at 6 months did not benefit differently from TAU+MBLM versus TAU (p = 0.437) regarding their change in depression severity and stress, while those reporting no/seldom spiritual mind-body practice at 6 months benefited significantly worse from TAU than from TAU+MBLM (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Participation in the MBLM program resulted in significantly greater increases in spirituality in depressed patients than standard therapy. Interest in spirituality and engagement in spiritual mind-body practices at baseline were positive predictors of clinical outcome in both groups. Patients of any group who regularly performed spiritual mind-body practices benefited equally in terms of antidepressant outcomes, underlining the benefit of these practices within a general therapeutic framework. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03652220.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger C Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken, Zschadrass, Germany
| | - Anne Berghöfer
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
| | - Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunnhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken, Zschadrass, Germany
| | - Heidemarie Haller
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Planetary Health, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
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Tiwari P, Dada R, Dada T. From Inner Balance to Visual Health: Unraveling the Therapeutic Role of Yoga in Optic Neuropathy and Ocular Manifestations - Narrative Review. Int J Yoga 2023; 16:171-179. [PMID: 38463653 PMCID: PMC10919409 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_182_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The optic nerve comprises approximately 1.2 million axons of retinal ganglion cells and is vulnerable to degeneration due to a myriad of causes. While traditional treatments have been the cornerstone of ocular care, emerging evidence highlights the benefits of integrative approaches, which can be used as an adjunct in the management of optic neuropathy. Yoga is a mind-body energy medicine encompasses physical postures, breath control, and meditation. Currently, it has gained attention for its holistic effects on well-being, by promoting health, preventing onset of diseases, adjunct in disease management, and for its rehabilitative potential. In addition, the underlying mechanisms through which yoga exerts its therapeutic influence, evaluates clinical outcomes, and explores potential synergistic effects with conventional treatments remain largely unexplored. Neuroprotective mechanisms of yoga, such as enhancing retinal ganglion cell function, reducing oxidative stress, coupled with its ability to modulate inflammatory processes and improve circulation, contribute to its potential benefits in visual health. Analysis of clinical studies reveals promising outcomes, including improvements in visual acuity, visual fields, quality of life, and functional outcomes in individuals with optic neuropathy and ocular manifestations who undergo yoga intervention (especially dhyaan) with awareness of breath. Furthermore, the integration of yoga with conventional treatments and complementary modalities unveils the possibilities of multidisciplinary approaches in ocular care that need evaluation. By unraveling the role of yoga intervention in ocular health, this review provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers, fostering a deeper understanding of the mind-body connection and paving the way for enhanced visual health outcomes. Embracing yoga as an adjunctive therapy may has the potential to revolutionize the management of optic neuropathy and ocular manifestations, offering individuals a holistic approach to optimize visual well-being, reduce comorbid depression and caregiver burden, and improve overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Tiwari
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanuj Dada
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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3
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Li H, Du Z, Shen S, Du W, Kang J, Gong D. An RCT-reticulated meta-analysis of six MBE therapies affecting college students' negative psychology. iScience 2023; 26:107026. [PMID: 37416471 PMCID: PMC10319897 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The positive impact of mind-body movement therapy on mental health has been confirmed, but the current effect of various mind-body movement-specific therapies on improving the negative psychology of college students is controversial. This study compared the effects of six mind-body exercise (MBE) therapies on improving negative psychological symptoms in college students. The study found that Tai Chi (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] (-1.59, -0.15), p < 0.05), yoga (SMD = -0.95, 95% CI (-1.74, -0.15), p < 0.05), Yi Jin Jing (SMD = -1.15, 95% CI (-2.36, -0.05), p=<0.05), Five Animal Play (SMD = -1.1, 95% CI (-2.09, -0.02), p < 0.05), and Qigong Meditation (SMD = -1.31, 95% CI (-2.2, -0.4), p < 0.05) improved depressive symptoms in college students (p < 0.05). Tai Chi (SMD = -7.18, 95% CI (-13.18, -1.17), p = 0.019), yoga (SMD = -6.8, 95% CI (-11.79, -1.81), p = 0.008), and Yi Jin Jing (SMD = -9.21, 95% CI (-17.55, -0.87), p = 0.03) improved college students' anxiety symptoms. It shows that the six MBE therapies are effective in improving anxiety and depression in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Li
- School of P.E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhihao Du
- China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shunze Shen
- Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenya Du
- School of P.E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junhao Kang
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Deming Gong
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Mazumder H, Faizah F, Gain EP, Sharmin Eva I, Ferdouse Mou K, Saha N, Rahman F, Das J, Islam AMK, Nesa F, Hossain MM. Effectiveness of mental health interventions for older adults in South Asia: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287883. [PMID: 37418368 PMCID: PMC10328249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental health problems among older adults are becoming a growing public health concern in South Asia due to continued changes in population dynamics caused by declining fertility rates and increasing life expectancy. This scoping review aimed to explore and summarize evidence about mental health interventions and their impacts on geriatric mental health and highlight gaps and areas for future research. METHODS We searched six electronic databases and additional sources for experimental/non-experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of geriatric mental health interventions in eight countries in the South Asia region from the date of inception of each database up to August 5, 2022. Following the preliminary screening, we extracted data from the eligible articles using a Microsoft Excel data extraction worksheet. We followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for this scoping review and reported evidence adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. RESULTS From a total of 3432 potential articles retrieved, 19 were included in this review following pre-determined eligibility criteria. Across studies, mental health interventions can be broadly categorized into the following types- 1) traditional Yoga, Tai chi, or other meditative movements; 2) behavioral, occupational, or learning-based interventions; 3) tech-based interventions; 4) music therapy; and 5) new healthcare model. The evidence was predominantly based on India (n = 16), whereas three articles were identified from Pakistan. No article was found from six other South Asian countries. Depression and anxiety were the most frequent mental health outcomes, followed by quality of life, cognitive function, self-esteem, physical performance, and many more. CONCLUSION Although limited, this review found various interventions that have varying effects on different geriatric mental health outcomes. A handful of evidence on mental health intervention in South Asia indicates a lack of acknowledgment that may develop a serious paucity of geriatric mental health practice. Therefore, future researchers are encouraged to conduct empirical studies to understand disease burden, including associated factors of geriatric mental health, which may help to construct contextually appropriate mental health interventions in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoimonty Mazumder
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Farah Faizah
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Easter Protiva Gain
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Irfath Sharmin Eva
- Response Plan, United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) Bangladesh, Ukhiya, Bangladesh
| | - Kaniz Ferdouse Mou
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Nobonita Saha
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jyoti Das
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A. M. Khairul Islam
- Division of Nutrition and Clinical Service, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fazilatun Nesa
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - M. Mahbub Hossain
- Division of Global Health, Research Initiative for Health Equity (RiHE), Khulna, Bangladesh
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Matko K, Burzynski M, Pilhatsch M, Brinkhaus B, Michalsen A, Bringmann HC. How Does Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification Affect Pain Intensity, Pain Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life in Chronic Pain Patients? An Experimental Single-Case Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113778. [PMID: 37297973 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic pain is a growing worldwide health problem and complementary and integrative therapy options are becoming increasingly important. Multi-component yoga interventions represent such an integrative therapy approach with a promising body of evidence. METHODS The present study employed an experimental single-case multiple-baseline design. It investigated the effects of an 8-week yoga-based mind-body intervention, Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM), in the treatment of chronic pain. The main outcomes were pain intensity (BPI-sf), quality of life (WHO-5), and pain self-efficacy (PSEQ). RESULTS Twenty-two patients with chronic pain (back pain, fibromyalgia, or migraines) participated in the study and 17 women completed the intervention. MBLM proved to be an effective intervention for a large proportion of the participants. The largest effects were found for pain self-efficacy (TAU-U = 0.35), followed by average pain intensity (TAU-U = 0.21), quality of life (TAU-U = 0.23), and most severe pain (TAU-U = 0.14). However, the participants varied in their responses to the treatment. CONCLUSION The present results point to relevant clinical effects of MBLM for the multifactorial conditions of chronic pain. Future controlled clinical studies should investigate its usefulness and safety with larger samples. The ethical and philosophical aspects of yoga should be further explored to verify their therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Meike Burzynski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximilian Pilhatsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Elblandklinikum, 01445 Radebeul, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger C Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Krankenhaus Spremberg, 03130 Spremberg, Germany
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Matko K, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Embodied Cognition in Meditation, Yoga, and Ethics-An Experimental Single-Case Study on the Differential Effects of Four Mind-Body Treatments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811734. [PMID: 36142006 PMCID: PMC9517053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Yoga is an embodied contemplative practice considered as a path toward long-term well-being, which fosters an integrated processing of bodily and emotional stimuli. However, little is known about how the different components of yoga contribute to these processes. This was the aim of this single-case multiple-baseline study. Herein, we explored how different yoga components affect body awareness, emotion regulation, affectivity, self-compassion, and distress tolerance. Forty-two randomly assigned participants (from initially fifty-seven) completed one of four 8-week treatments: Mantra meditation alone (MA), meditation plus physical yoga (MY), meditation plus ethical education (ME), and meditation plus yoga and ethical education (MYE). Participants had no prior regular yoga or meditation practice. Data were analyzed using visual inspection, effect size estimation, and multilevel modeling. Surprisingly, all four treatments similarly improved body awareness (Tau-UMA = 0.21 to Tau-UMY = 0.49), emotion regulation (Tau-UMYE = -0.43 to Tau-UME = -0.52), self-compassion (η2 = 0.08), and distress tolerance (η2 = 0.13). These effects were maintained until follow-up at 2 and 12 months after the study, even though home practice declined. The MA condition had the least favorable effect on affective experience (Tau-UMA = -0.14 and 0.07), while the ME condition enhanced valence the most (Tau-UME = 0.10) and the MY condition was the most effective in preventing negative affective responses. Although mantra meditation on its own negatively influenced daily affect, it can be assumed as the driving force behind the improvement in the other variables. This points to the central role of meditation in increasing interoception, self-awareness, and embodied processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Krankenhaus Spremberg, 03130 Spremberg, Germany
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Katla N, Ramsahaye A, Thulasi A, Ilavarasu J, Jagannathan A, Bhargav H, Varambally S, Gangadhar N. Yoga Module Development and Validation: A Systematic Review with Methodological Guidelines. Int J Yoga 2022; 15:175-186. [PMID: 36949837 PMCID: PMC10026335 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_59_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, more than fifty different yoga styles have been implemented in the therapeutic context to manage various diseases. Yet, not all of these yoga styles have been validated or standardized as a program. The aim of this article is to review the different methodologies used for yoga module development and to assess their quality. Three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched using the following keywords and Boolean operators: (validation OR development OR design) AND (yoga OR mind-body) AND (module OR protocol OR program). Three thousand six hundred and seventy-one articles were enlisted, and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 37 articles were narrowed down for review. Since no checklist exists to assess the quality of yoga modules, the authors designed a 23-item checklist to categorize each having low, medium, or high quality. As per the yoga module quality checklist, only 21.6% of the studies had high quality, while 75.3% of the articles had medium quality and 8.11% had low quality. A commonly used development method was literature review, while for validation, experts' scoring of the Likert scale was the preferred means. The feasibility of the module was carried out only by half of the studies. Few diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, Parkinson's disease, and obesity had more than one yoga module developed. The findings of this systematic review have shed some light on the growing need for standardized methods of yoga module development. The 23-item checklist can guide researchers in the homogeneous development strategies when designing yoga interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Katla
- Division of Yoga and Physical Sciences, S-VYASA, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Atmika Ramsahaye
- Division of Yoga and Humanities, S-VYASA, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Thulasi
- Division of Yoga and Humanities, S-VYASA, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Judu Ilavarasu
- Division of Yoga and Physical Sciences, S-VYASA, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aarti Jagannathan
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hemant Bhargav
- Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Nanjudaiah Gangadhar
- National Medical Commission Medical Assessment and Rating Board, New Delhi, India
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Matko K, Berghöfer A, Jeitler M, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Who Benefits Most? Interactions between Personality Traits and Outcomes of Four Incremental Meditation and Yoga Treatments. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154553. [PMID: 35956171 PMCID: PMC9369882 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mind–Body Medicine (MBM) includes a broad range of interventions with proven preventive and clinical value, such as yoga and meditation. However, people differ in their preferences and response to different MBM treatments and it remains unclear who benefits most from what type of practice. Thus, finding moderators of treatment outcome seems to be a promising approach. This was the aim of the present study. We conducted a single-case multiple-baseline study investigating the outcomes and moderators of four different MBM treatments. Fifty-seven healthy participants with no prior experience were randomly assigned to three baselines (7, 14, and 21 days) and four eight-week treatments: mantra meditation alone, meditation plus physical yoga, meditation plus ethical education and meditation plus yoga and ethical education. We analysed the data using effect size estimation, multiple regression and cluster analyses. High anxiety, high absorption, low spirituality, low openness and younger age were associated with a range of positive outcomes, such as increased wellbeing or decentering and decreased mind wandering. Receiving ethical education consistently improved wellbeing, while engaging in physical yoga reduced mind wandering. In the cluster analysis, we found that participants with a more maladaptive personality structure enhanced their emotion regulation skills more. Consequently, people do differ in their response to MBM interventions and more vulnerable people, or those high in absorption, seem to benefit more. These findings could support the development of custom-tailored MBM interventions and help clinicians to make scientifically sound recommendations for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Anne Berghöfer
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09120 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Krankenhaus Spremberg, 03130 Spremberg, Germany
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Kayiş AR. Mindfulness, impulsivity and psychological distress: the mediation role of smartphone addiction. BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2022.2046255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Rıfat Kayiş
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Education, Department of Guidance and Counseling Psychology, Kastamonu, Turkey
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10
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Bringmann HC, Michalsen A, Jeitler M, Kessler CS, Brinkhaus B, Brunnhuber S, Sedlmeier P. Meditation-based lifestyle modification in mild to moderate depression-A randomized controlled trial. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:363-375. [PMID: 35312137 DOI: 10.1002/da.23249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a global key challenge in mental health care. The implementation of effective, low-risk and cost-effective interventions to reduce its disease burden is a necessity. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the new Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) program, a "second-generation" mindfulness-based intervention, in depressive outpatients. METHODS Eighty-one patients with mild to moderate depression were randomized into three groups: intervention group (MBLM), control group (CONTROL), and treatment as usual group (TAU). The primary outcome was the change of depressive symptoms as administered by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) after 4 and 8 weeks. Secondary outcome variables included the Brief Symptom Checklist-18 and the Perceived Stress Scale-10. A 6-month follow-up was conducted. RESULTS A greater reduction of depressive symptoms was found in MBLM participants compared to CONTROL (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.11, d = 0.70) and TAU ( p<.001,ηp2=0.10,d=0.67$p\lt .001,{\eta }_{{\rm{p}}}^{2}=0.10,d=0.67$ ) with a 13.15 points reduction of BDI-II score versus 1.71 points (CONTROL) and 3.34 points (TAU) after 8 weeks. Between-group post hoc tests for all secondary outcomes and at follow-up also yielded significant between-group differences with medium to large effect sizes in favor of MBLM. CONCLUSIONS Study results showed beneficial effects of MBLM in depressed outpatients. Further high-quality controlled clinical studies including qualitative research are needed to investigate the specific and unspecific effects of the MBLM program in depression and other medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger C Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken Zschadrass, Colditz, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian S Kessler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunnhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken Zschadrass, Colditz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
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11
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Bringmann HC, Bogdanski M, Seifert G, Voss A. Impact of Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification on HRV in Outpatients With Mild to Moderate Depression: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:808442. [PMID: 35757223 PMCID: PMC9218213 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.808442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific evaluation of mind-body-interventions (MBI), including yoga and meditation, has increased significantly in recent decades. However, evidence of MBI's efficacy on biological parameters is still insufficient. OBJECTIVES In this study, we used HRV analysis to evaluate a novel MBI as a treatment of outpatients with mild to moderate depressive disorder. The Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) program incorporates all major elements of classical yoga, including ethical principles of yoga philosophy, breathing exercises, postural yoga, and meditation. METHODS In this exploratory randomized controlled trial, we compared the changes in HRV indices of a MBLM group (N = 22) and a minimal treatment group (MINIMAL, drugs only, N = 17) with those of a multimodal treatment-as-usual group (TAU, according to best clinical practice, N = 22). Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were derived from a Holter monitoring device, and HRV indices have been extracted from nearly stationary 20-min periods. RESULTS Short-term HRV analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the pre-to-post changes between MBLM and TAU. In particular, the vagal tone mediating RMSSD and the Rényi entropy of symbolic dynamics indicated HRV gains in MBLM participants compared with TAU. Almost no alterations were observed in the MINIMAL group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a benefit in selected HRV parameters for outpatients with mild to moderate depression participating in the MBLM program. For further investigations, we propose analysis of complete 24-h HRV recordings and additional continuous pulse wave or blood pressure analysis to assess long-term modulations and cardiovascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger C Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Spremberg Hospital, Spremberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bogdanski
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Voss
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMTI), Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
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Schlechta Portella CF, Ghelman R, Abdala V, Schveitzer MC, Afonso RF. Meditation: Evidence Map of Systematic Reviews. Front Public Health 2021; 9:742715. [PMID: 34926371 PMCID: PMC8674467 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.742715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Basis: This evidence map presents a summary of studies that addressed the effects of meditation on various clinical and health conditions. Meditation is a contemplative practice that has been used for the promotion of health, and the treatment of different conditions. Method: The study is based on the search of four electronic databases for the period 1994-November 2019 and includes systematic reviews, meta-analyses, meta-syntheses, and integrative reviews. 3iE evidence gap map was the methodology of choice, and AMSTAR 2 was used for the analyses. Tableau was used to graphically display the confidence level, number of reviews, health outcomes, and intervention effects. Results: This map encompasses 191 studies, with Mindfulness being the key word that retrieved the highest number of results. Several meditation techniques were evaluated in different contexts, and the confidence levels of 22 studies were high, 84 were moderate, and 82 were low. Two 2 meta-syntheses and 1 integrative review were also included. Most of the studies reported positive effects and a beneficial potential of the practice of meditation. Health outcomes were divided into five groups out of which mental health and vitality, and well-being and quality of life stood out with the largest number of studies. Conclusions: Meditation has been applied in different areas. This Evidence Map intends to be an easy visual tool to access valuable evidence-based information on this complementary therapy for patients, health professionals, and managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Fábio Schlechta Portella
- Brazilian Academic Consortium for Integrative Health, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ghelman
- Brazilian Academic Consortium for Integrative Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Veronica Abdala
- Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
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Matko K, Sedlmeier P, Bringmann HC. Differential Effects of Ethical Education, Physical Hatha Yoga, and Mantra Meditation on Well-Being and Stress in Healthy Participants-An Experimental Single-Case Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:672301. [PMID: 34421729 PMCID: PMC8375679 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.672301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, yoga is a multicomponent practice consisting of postures, breathing techniques, meditation, mantras, and ethics. To date, only a few studies have tried to dismantle the effects of each of these components and their combinations. To fill this gap, we examined the incremental effects of ethical education and physical Hatha yoga on mantra meditation using a single-case multiple-baseline design. This study was part of a project evaluating the new mind-body program Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification. Fifty-seven healthy participants with no regular yoga or meditation practice were randomly assigned to three baselines (7, 14, and 21 days) and four conditions using a random number generator. The conditions were mantra meditation alone (MA), meditation plus physical yoga (MY), meditation plus ethical education (ME), and meditation plus yoga and ethical education (MYE). All the interventions lasted for 8 weeks and were run consecutively according to baseline length. During the baseline and treatment phases, participants received daily questionnaires measuring their well-being (WHO-5 Well-Being Index), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), and subjective experiences. Forty-two participants completed the treatment and were entered in the analyses. We analyzed our data using visual inspection, effect size estimation (Tau-U), and multilevel modeling. Almost all participants showed a longitudinal increase in well-being. Regarding between-group differences, participants who received ethical education exhibited the largest increases in well-being (Tau-U = 0.30/0.23 for ME/MYE), followed by participants in the MY condition (Tau-U = 0.12). Conversely, participants in the MA condition showed no change (Tau-U = 0.07). There was a tendency for the combined treatments to decrease stress. This tendency was strongest in the MY condition (Tau-U = -0.40) and reversed in the MA condition (Tau-U = 0.17). These results emphasize the incremental and differential effects of practicing meditation in combination with other practices from the eight-fold yoga path. This approach is valuable for better understanding the multifaceted practice of yoga. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04252976.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Matko
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Holger C. Bringmann
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken Zschadrass, Colditz, Germany
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Bringmann HC, Vennemann J, Gross J, Matko K, Sedlmeier P. "To Be Finally at Peace with Myself": A Qualitative Study Reflecting Experiences of the Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification Program in Mild-to-Moderate Depression. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:786-795. [PMID: 34185550 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2021.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) is a new mind-body intervention that is based on classical yoga; it implements virtue-based ethical living, physical yoga, and meditation in a therapeutic context. This qualitative study aimed at understanding better how depressive patients who received MBLM as a treatment experience intra- and interpersonal outcomes of their practice. Methods: In a larger randomized controlled trial of MBLM in depressive outpatients, a subsample (n = 12) completed in-depth interviews. To determine short-term and long-term effects, cohorts were interviewed at two different times after intervention onset (T1 = 8 weeks; T2 = 6 months). Verbatim interview transcripts were analyzed by using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes emerged in the interviews: (1) Reappraisal of past and present life patterns, leading to a reflection on one's own values; (2) Serenity, attained by states of calm, growing acceptance, and the ability to set boundaries; and (3) Mindful living as expressed by increased self-awareness, being more present, and conscious interactions. The ethical component of MBLM was identified as a key factor in individual empowerment and appreciation of one's own strengths. Systematic changes in the importance of reported themes after 6 months (T2) reflected the sustained effects of the intervention. Conclusions: The findings speak clearly for the benefits of MBLM in the treatment of depression. In particular, the explicit therapeutic implementation of virtue-based ethics offers a valuable addition to previous yoga and meditation programs. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT03652220.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Carl Bringmann
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken Zschadrass, Colditz, Germany
| | - Jill Vennemann
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Julian Gross
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Karin Matko
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Sedlmeier
- Institute of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
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