1
|
Yi D, Zhang D, Zeng Z, Zhang S, Song B, He C, Li M, He J. Circular RNA eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 facilitates TPC-1 cell proliferation and invasion through the microRNA-138-5p/lipase H axis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:313. [PMID: 37776372 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Both circular RNA eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (circEIF6) and microRNA (miR)-138-5p participate in thyroid cancer (TC) progression. Nevertheless, the relationship between them remains under-explored. Hence, this research ascertained the mechanism of circEIF6 in TC via miR-138-5p. After TC tissues and cells were harvested, circEIF6, miR-138-5p, and lipase H (LIPH) levels were assessed. The binding relationships among circEIF6, miR-138-5p, and LIPH were analyzed. The impacts of circEIF6, miR-138-5p, and LIPH on the invasive and proliferative abilities of TPC-1 cells were examined by Transwell and EdU assays. Tumor xenograft in nude mice was established for in vivo validation of the impact of circEIF6. CircEIF6 expression was high in TC cells and tissues. Additionally, miR-138-5p was poor and LIPH level was high in TC tissues. Mechanistically, circEIF6 competitively bound to miR-138-5p to elevate LIPH via a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism. Silencing of circEIF6 reduced TPC-1 cell proliferative and invasive properties, which was annulled by further inhibiting miR-138-5p or overexpressing LIPH. Likewise, circEIF6 silencing repressed the growth of transplanted tumors, augmented miR-138-5p expression, and diminished LIPH expression in nude mice. Conclusively, circEIF6 silencing reduced LIPH level by competitive binding to miR-138-5p, thus subduing the proliferation and invasion of TPC-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiping Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenkun He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Breast Nail Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61 Jiefang West Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Y, Wang Y, Xu L, Xie X, Zhu L, Wang F. CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid cancer progression by upregulating TGFA. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:611-623. [PMID: 35804263 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) reticulon 1 (circRTN1) in thyroid cancer (TC). METHODS The expression levels of circRTN1, microRNA-431-5p (miR-431-5p), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFA) mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was evaluated using colony formation and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were measured using the transwell assay. The protein levels of ki-67, Bax, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and TGFA were detected using Western blot assay. The interaction between miR-431-5p and circRTN1 or TGFA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The effect of circRTN1on TC in vivo was explored via xenograft tumor assay. RESULTS The expression of circRTN1 was increased in TC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circRTN1 suppressed TC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and increased cell apoptosis. MiR-431-5p was a target of circRTN1, and miR-431-5p downregulation reversed the role of circRTN1 knockdown in TC cells. TGFA was identified as a direct target of miR-431-5p, and miR-431-5p exerted the anti-tumor role in TC cells by downregulating TGFA. Moreover, circRTN1 sponged miR-431-5p to regulate TGFA expression. Furthermore, circRTN1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION CircRTN1 acted as a cancer-promoting circRNA in TC by regulating the miR-431-5p/TGFA axis, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for TC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoque Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Liyang Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Circular RNA HIPK3 in Human Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102469. [PMID: 36292157 PMCID: PMC9601126 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs with closed-loop of single-stranded RNA structure. Although most of the circRNAs do not directly encode proteins, emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs play a pivotal and complex role in multiple biological processes by regulating gene expression. As one of the most popular circRNAs, circular homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) has frequently gained the interest of researchers in recent years. Accumulating studies have demonstrated the significant impacts on the occurrence and development of multiple human diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, and others. The present review aims to provide a detailed description of the functions of circHIPK3 and comprehensively overview the diagnostic and therapeutic value of circHIPK3 in these certain diseases.
Collapse
|
4
|
A Review and In Silico Analysis of Tissue and Exosomal Circular RNAs: Opportunities and Challenges in Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194728. [PMID: 36230649 PMCID: PMC9564022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm. Recently, knowledge of the molecular genetic changes of thyroid cancer has dramatically improved. Understanding the roles of these molecular changes in thyroid cancer tumorigenesis and progression is essential in developing a successful treatment strategy and improving disease outcomes. As a family of non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been involved in several aspects of the physiological and pathological processes of the cells. The roles of circRNAs in cancer development and progress are evident. In the current review, we aimed to explore the clinical potential of circRNAs as potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in thyroid cancer. Furthermore, screening the genome-wide circRNAs and performing functional enrichment analyses for all associated dysregulated circRNAs in thyroid cancer have been done. Given the unique advantages circRNAs have, such as superior stability, higher abundance, and presence in different body fluids, this family of non-coding RNAs could be promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for thyroid cancer. Abstract Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine tumor. The genetic and epigenetic molecular alterations of TC have become more evident in recent years. However, a deeper understanding of the roles these molecular changes play in TC tumorigenesis and progression is essential in developing a successful treatment strategy and improving patients’ prognoses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a family of non-coding RNAs, have been implicated in several aspects of carcinogenesis in multiple cancers, including TC. In the current review, we aimed to explore the clinical potential of circRNAs as putative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in TC. The current analyses, including genome-wide circRNA screening and functional enrichment for all deregulated circRNA expression signatures, show that circRNAs display atypical contributions, such as sponging for microRNAs, regulating transcription and translation processes, and decoying for proteins. Given their exceptional clinical advantages, such as higher stability, wider abundance, and occurrence in several body fluids, circRNAs are promising prognostic and theranostic biomarkers for TC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Huang G, Wei J, Cao H, Jiang G. ALKBH5 inhibits thyroid cancer progression by promoting ferroptosis through TIAM1-Nrf2/HO-1 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:729-741. [PMID: 36070054 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a critical catalytic subunit of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in messenger RNA, ALKBH5 has been reported to affect the progression of numerous tumors. However, the functions and mechanisms of ALKBH5 in thyroid cancer remain largely unknown. Relative mRNA and protein levels in thyroid cancer tissues and cells were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The proliferation and viability were evaluated using colony formation and CCK-8 assays. Intracellular iron level was measured by an iron colorimetric assay kit. ROS level was determined using CellRox Green reagent. TIAM1 mRNA m6A level was detected by MeRIP. Xenograft tumor growth was performed to examine the role of ALKBH5 in thyroid tumor growth in vivo. ALKBH5 was decreased in thyroid cancer tissues and cells. ALKBH5 overexpression inhibited thyroid cancer cell proliferation and increased the levels of Fe2+ and ROS and reduced the proteins expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11. Furthermore, overexpression of ALKBH5 inhibited TIAM1 expression by m6A modification, and overexpression of TIAM1 reversed the regulatory of oe-ALKBH5 on cell proliferation and ferroptosis in thyroid cancer. In addition, TIAM1 was elevated in thyroid cancer, and TIAM1 knockdown repressed thyroid cancer cell proliferation and promoted ferroptosis through regulating Nrf2/HO-1 axis. In addition, in vivo evidences also showed that ALKBH5 suppressed thyroid cancer progression by decreasing the m6A level of TIAM1. Our findings suggested that ALKBH5 inhibited thyroid cancer progression by inducing ferroptosis through m6A-TIAM1-Nrf2/HO-1 axis, suggesting ALKBH5 might be a potential target molecule for the treatment and diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Huang
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Wei
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqin Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yao X, Zhang Q. Function and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Thyroid Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:925389. [PMID: 35936780 PMCID: PMC9353217 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.925389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the leading cause and mortality of endocrine malignancies worldwide. Tumourigenesis involves multiple molecules including circular RNAs (circRNAs). circRNAs with covalently closed single-stranded structures have been identified as a type of regulatory RNA because of their high stability, abundance, and tissue/developmental stage-specific expression. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that various circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in thyroid tissues, cells, exosomes, and body fluids in patients with TC. CircRNAs have been identified as either oncogenic or tumour suppressor roles in regulating tumourigenesis, tumour metabolism, metastasis, ferroptosis, and chemoradiation resistance in TC. Importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on TC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA-binding proteins, and translating functional peptides. Recent studies have suggested that many different circRNAs are associated with certain clinicopathological features, implying that the altered expression of circRNAs may be characteristic of TC. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances on the dysregulation, functions, molecular mechanisms and potential clinical applications of circRNAs in TC. This review also aimes to improve our understanding of the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer, and to discuss the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in TC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Q, Chen W, Li Y, He J, Wang Y, Yang S, Zhou J. The novel circular RNA HIPK3 accelerates the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by sponging the micro RNA-124 or micro RNA-506/pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4717-4729. [PMID: 35212603 PMCID: PMC8974013 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to be associated with the progression of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and mechanism of circHIPK3 in HCC are still unclear. To investigate its function, circHIPK3 expression was first determined by RT–qPCR in HCC tissues or cells. Functionally, cell proliferation and invasion were investigated by CCK-8, EdU, or Transwell assays. In terms of understanding the mechanism, the interaction of the circRNA HIPK3/micro RNA 124 (miRNA 124) or micro RNA 506 (miRNA506) /PDK2 regulatory loop was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. In addition, a xenograft tumor model was established to confirm the impact of circHIPK3 on the growth of HCC cells in vivo. We found that circHIPK3 was upregulated in HCC patients and associated with clinical characteristics, while miR-124 and miR-506 were downregulated in HCC patients. Additionally, we proved that knock down of circHIPK3 remarkably suppressed the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 directly bound to miR-124 or miR-506 and inhibited their expression, and PDK2 was a target gene of miR-124 or miR-506. Moreover, circHIPK3 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-124 or miR-506 on HCC progression. miR-124 or miR-506 could also suppress tumorigenesis of HCC cells by PDK2. Furthermore, in vivo evidence confirmed that knock down of circHIPK3 inhibited tumor formation. We suggest that circHIPK3 can accelerate the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells by sponging miR-124 or miR-506 to upregulate PDK2, which is the underlying mechanism of circHIPK3-induced HCC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangfeng Yu
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sijia Yang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianyin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Khan S, Li L, ten Hagen TL, Falahati M. Molecular mechanisms of thyroid cancer: A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) point of view. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
9
|
Wu Y, Luan J, Jiao C, Zhang S, Ma C, Zhang Y, Fu J, Lai EY, Kopp JB, Pi J, Zhou H. circHIPK3 Exacerbates Folic Acid-Induced Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Sponging miR-30a. Front Physiol 2022; 12:715567. [PMID: 35058790 PMCID: PMC8763699 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathological feature of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), and current treatment has limited efficacy. The circular RNA circHIPK3 is reported to participate in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. However, the role of circHIPK3 in renal fibrosis has not been examined. In this study, we aimed to determine whether and how circHIPK3 might participate in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. Mice received a peritoneal injection of folic acid (250 mg/kg). Of note, 30 days later, renal fibrosis was present on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining, and mRNA and protein of profibrotic genes encoding fibronectin (FN) and collagen 1 (COL1) were increased. Renal circHIPK3 was upregulated, while miR-30a was downregulated, assessed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) was increased by qPCR analysis, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Renal circHIPK3 negatively correlated with miR-30a, and kidney miR-30a negatively correlated with TGF-β1. Target Scan and miRanda algorithms predicted three perfect binding sites between circHIPK3 and miR-30a. We found that circHIPK3, miR-30a, and TGF-β1 colocalized in the cytoplasm of human tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) on FISH and immunofluorescence staining. We transfected circHIPK3 and a scrambled RNA into HK-2 cells; miR-30a was downregulated, and the profibrotic genes such as TGF-β1, FN, and COL1 were upregulated and assessed by qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Third, the upregulation of circHIPK3, downregulation of miR-30a, and overproduction of profibrotic FN and COL1 were also observed in HK-2 cells exposed to TGF-β1. Finally, renal biopsies from patients with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis manifested similar expression patterns of circHIPK3, miR-30a, and profibrotic proteins, such as TGF-β1, FN, and COL1 as observed in the experimental model. A feed-forward cycle was observed among circHIPK3, miR-30a, and TGF-β1. Our results suggest that circHIPK3 may contribute to progressive renal fibrosis by sponging miR-30a. circHIPK3 may be a novel therapeutic target for slowing CKD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junjun Luan
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Congcong Jiao
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - En Yin Lai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tian W, Yang X, Yang H, Lv M, Sun X, Zhou B. Exosomal miR-338-3p suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer cells metastasis by inhibiting CHL1 through the MAPK signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1030. [PMID: 34718336 PMCID: PMC8557210 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Globally, lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignant cancers. However, molecular mechanisms and functions involved in its pathogenesis have not been clearly elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the specific regulatory mechanisms of exosomal miR-338-3p/CHL1/MAPK signaling pathway axis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Western blotting and qRT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) were used to determine the expression levels of CHL1 and exosomal miR-338-3p in NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer). The CHL1 gene was upregulated and downregulated to evaluate its functions in NSCLC progression. In vitro MTS and apoptotic assays were used to investigate the functions of CHL1 and exosomal miR-338-3p in NSCLC progression. The high-throughput sequencing was used to explore differently expressed exosomal miRNAs. The biological relationships between MAPK signaling pathway and CHL1 and exosomal miR-338-3p in NSCLC were predicted through bioinformatics analyses and verified by western blotting. Elevated CHL1 levels were observed in NSCLC tissues and cells. Upregulated CHL1 expression enhanced NSCLC cells’ progression by promoting tumor cells proliferation while suppressing their apoptosis. Conversely, the downregulation of the CHL1 gene inhibited NSCLC cells’ growth and promoted tumor cells’ apoptotic rate. Additionally, CHL1 activated the MAPK signaling pathway. Besides, we confirmed that miR-338-3p directly sponged with CHL1 to mediate tumor cells progression. Moreover, exosomal miR-338-3p serum levels in NSCLC patients were found to be low. BEAS-2B cells can transfer exosomal miR-338-3p to A549 cells and SK-MES-1 cells. In addition, elevated exosomal miR-338-3p levels significantly inhibited tumor cells proliferation and promoted their apoptosis by suppressing activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Exosomal miR-338-3p suppresses tumor cells' metastasis by downregulating the expression of CHL1 through MAPK signaling pathway inactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianglin Yang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - He Yang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meiwen Lv
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinran Sun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun J, Peng Y, Liu J, Zhou H, Sun L, He Q, Yu E. Pseudogene legumain promotes thyroid carcinoma progression via the microRNA-495/autophagy pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:616. [PMID: 34257724 PMCID: PMC8243076 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The pseudogene legumain (LGMN) has been reported to regulate cancer cell biology. However, the role of LGMN in thyroid carcinoma remains unknown. Herein, Cell Counting Kit 8 and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate cellular proliferation and invasion capacity, respectively. In addition, a tube formation assay was performed to assess HUVEC angiogenesis. The results showed that LGMN depletion attenuated cellular proliferation, invasion and tube formation ability, and that LGMN expression was dysregulated in thyroid carcinoma tumors. Furthermore, patients with high LGMN expression levels exhibited a lower overall survival rate than those with low expression levels. LGMN and microRNA (miR)-495 modulated the expression levels of autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3) and p62. Finally, ATG3 overexpression rescued the LGMN-regulated thyroid carcinoma phenotype. In conclusion, LGMN was found to promote thyroid carcinoma progression via the miR-495/autophagy axis, thus providing novel insights for understanding the pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jianxia Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Enqiao Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xia F, Zhang Z, Li X. Emerging Roles of Circular RNAs in Thyroid Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:636838. [PMID: 33981702 PMCID: PMC8107370 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) has the highest incidence among endocrine malignancies. Thus, it is essential to achieve a deep understanding of various mechanisms of development and progression of TC. circRNAs are recognized by multiple studies as being dysregulated in TC. Accumulating evidences have revealed that circRNAs serve as regulatory molecules involved in various biological processes in TC, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion/migration, metabolism, and chemoresistance. Furthermore, circRNA can also serve as an effective tool in TC researches of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. Thus, this review is to outline the characteristics of circRNAs, generalize their categories and functions, and highlight the expression of circRNAs in TC. Meanwhile, we are expecting to achieve a comprehensive understanding of new therapies based on circRNAs in treating or preventing TC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fada Xia
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Moghbeli M. Molecular interactions of miR-338 during tumor progression and metastasis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:13. [PMID: 33827418 PMCID: PMC8028791 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer, as one of the main causes of human deaths, is currently a significant global health challenge. Since the majority of cancer-related deaths are associated with late diagnosis, it is necessary to develop minimally invasive early detection markers to manage and reduce mortality rates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as highly conserved non-coding RNAs, target the specific mRNAs which are involved in regulation of various fundamental cellular processes such as cell proliferation, death, and signaling pathways. MiRNAs can also be regulated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). They are highly stable in body fluids and have tumor-specific expression profiles, which suggest their suitability as efficient non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tumor markers. Aberrant expression of miR-338 has been widely reported in different cancers. It regulates cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Main body In the present review, we have summarized all miR-338 interactions with other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and associated signaling pathways to clarify the role of miR-338 during tumor progression. Conclusions It was concluded that miR-338 mainly functions as a tumor suppressor in different cancers. There were also significant associations between miR-338 and other ncRNAs in tumor cells. Moreover, miR-338 has a pivotal role during tumor progression using the regulation of WNT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. This review highlights miR-338 as a pivotal ncRNA in biology of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shao Q, Huang Y, Zhang C, Gao X, Gao S. Emerging landscape of circHIPK3 and its role in cancer and other diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:409. [PMID: 33786629 PMCID: PMC8025471 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of recently re‑discovered RNAs, which are covalently closed ring RNA molecules. circRNAs have been reported to possess multiple functions and are considered crucial regulators of several processes, and are therefore gaining increasing attention. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that circRNAs are implicated in several crucial biological processes via regulation of gene expression, and their dysregulation is also associated with the development of numerous diseases, particularly acting as oncogenic or tumor‑suppressor molecules in cancer. Furthermore, circRNAs are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. In the present review, the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs are described, with a focus on the most recent research advances and the emerging roles of circular homeodomain‑interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) in human diseases. The present review may provide novel avenues for research on the roles of circHIPK3 as a clinical diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as highlighting promising therapeutic targets for certain diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Cai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochan Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| | - Shiyang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The role of microRNA-338-3p in cancer: growth, invasion, chemoresistance, and mediators. Life Sci 2021; 268:119005. [PMID: 33421526 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer still remains as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Metastasis and proliferation are abnormally increased in cancer cells that subsequently, mediate resistance of cancer cells to different therapies such as radio-, chemo- and immune-therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNAs that can regulate expression of target genes at post-transcriptional level and capable of interaction with mRNA-coding genes. Vital biological mechanisms including apoptosis, migration and differentiation are modulated by these small molecules. MiRNAs are key players in regulating cancer proliferation and metastasis as well as cancer therapy response. MiRNAs can function as both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting factors. In the present review, regulatory impact of miRNA-338-3p on cancer growth and migration is discussed. This new emerging miRNA can regulate response of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It seems that miRNA-338-3p has dual role in cancer chemotherapy, acting as tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressor factor. Experiments reveal anti-tumor activity of miRNA-338-3p in cancer. Hence, increasing miRNA-338-3p expression is of importance in effective cancer therapy. Long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and hypoxia are potential upstream mediators of miRNA-338-3p in cancer. Anti-tumor agents including baicalin and arbutin can promote expression of miRNA-338-3p in suppressing cancer progression. These topics are discussed to shed some light on function of miRNA-338-3p in cancer cells.
Collapse
|