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Li D, Chen J, Weng C, Huang X. Impact of the severity of brain injury on secondary adrenal insufficiency in traumatic brain injury patients and the influence of HPA axis dysfunction on prognosis. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37933491 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2280450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate secondary adrenal insufficiency post varying traumatic brain injuries' and its impact on prognosis. METHODS 120 traumatic brain injury patients were categorized into mild, moderate and severe groups based on Glasgow Coma Scale. Adrenal function was evaluated through testing. RESULTS Secondary adrenal insufficiency rates were 0% (mild), 22.85% (moderate) and 44.82% (severe). Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction rates were 14.81% (mild), 42.85% (moderate) and 63.79% (severe). Differences among groups were significant (p < .05). Patients with intact hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis had shorter hospital stays and higher Glasgow Coma Scale scores. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of 24-h urinary free cortisol showed an area of 0.846, with a 17.62 μg/24h cutoff, 98.32% sensitivity and 52.37% specificity. In the low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone test, with an 18 μg/dL cutoff, the receiver operating characteristic area was 0.546, with 46.28% sensitivity and 89.39% specificity. CONCLUSION As traumatic brain injury severity increases, secondary adrenal insufficiency incidence rises. The low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone test is promising for hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis evaluation. Patients with hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction experience prolonged hospitalization and worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Li
- Critical Care Medicine Department (ICU), Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Critical Care Medicine Department (ICU), Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Chunfa Weng
- Critical Care Medicine Department (ICU), Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Xiaohai Huang
- Critical Care Medicine Department (ICU), Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
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Wu F, Zhu J, Wan Y, Subinuer Kurexi, Zhou J, Wang K, Chen T. Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Hypothalamic‒Pituitary‒Adrenal Axis Dysfunction Induced by Surgical Trauma in Mice Through the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3391-3401. [PMID: 37436613 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) can effectively reduce surgical stress reactions and promote postoperative recovery, but the mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aims to examine the effects of EA on the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal (HPA) axis and investigate its potential mechanisms. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to partial hepatectomy (HT). The results showed that HT increased the concentrations of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), corticosterone (CORT), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the peripheral blood and upregulated the expression of CRH and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) proteins in the hypothalamus. EA treatment significantly inhibited the hyperactivity of the HPA axis by decreasing the concentration of CRH, CORT, and ACTH in peripheral blood and downregulating the expression of CRH and GR in the hypothalamus. Moreover, EA treatment reversed the HT-induced downregulation of oxytocin (OXT) and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular injection of the OXTR antagonist atosiban blocked the effects of EA. Thus, our findings implied that EA mitigated surgical stress-induced HPA axis dysfunction by activating the OXT/OXTR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiye Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Subinuer Kurexi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tongyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Li S, Huang Q, Yang Q, Peng X, Wu Q. MicroRNAs as promising therapeutic agents: A perspective from acupuncture. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154652. [PMID: 37406378 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gaining recognition as potential therapeutic agents due to their small size, ability to target a wide range of genes, and significant role in disease progression. However, despite their promising potential, nearly half of the miRNA drugs developed for therapeutic purposes have been discontinued or put on hold, and none have advanced to phase III clinical trials. The development of miRNA therapeutics has faced obstacles such as difficulties in validating miRNA targets, conflicting evidence regarding competition and saturation effects, challenges in miRNA delivery, and determining appropriate dosages. These hurdles primarily arise from the intricate functional complexity of miRNAs. Acupuncture, a distinct, complementary therapy, offers a promising avenue to overcome these barriers, particularly by addressing the fundamental issue of preserving functional complexity through acupuncture regulatory networks. The acupuncture regulatory network consists of three main components: the acupoint network, the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network, and the disease network. These networks represent the processes of information transformation, amplification, and conduction that occur during acupuncture. Notably, miRNAs serve as essential mediators and shared biological language within these interconnected networks. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of acupuncture-derived miRNAs can help reduce the time and economic resources required for miRNA drug development and alleviate the current developmental challenges miRNA therapeutics face. This review provides an interdisciplinary perspective by summarizing the interactions between miRNAs, their targets, and the three acupuncture regulatory networks mentioned earlier. The aim is to illuminate the challenges and opportunities in developing miRNA therapeutics. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of miRNAs, their interactions with acupuncture regulatory networks, and their potential as therapeutic agents. By bridging the miRNA research and acupuncture fields, we aim to offer valuable insights into the obstacles and prospects of developing miRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Qianhui Huang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Xiaohua Peng
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Qiaofeng Wu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China; Acupuncture & Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China; Institute of Acupuncture and Homeostasis Regulation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China.
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Wang Y, Hu W, Han J, Zheng J, Jiang N, Feng Y, Tian Z. Electroacupuncture alleviates perioperative hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction via circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1115569. [PMID: 36760604 PMCID: PMC9905746 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1115569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has long been used to alleviate surgery-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction. However, its downstream gene targets in the brain remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to clarify the potential targets of EA based on RNA sequencing techniques (RNA-seq). Rats were divided into normal control (NC), hepatectomy surgery (HT), HT + EA, and HT + sham EA groups followed by RNA-seq of two representative nuclei in the hypothalamus and amygdala. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified six gene modules associated with neuroendocrine transmitters and neural remodeling in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks revealed EA-related candidate miRNAs and circRNAs, of which opioid receptor mu 1 might be an EA-specific target, and showed regulation by competing endogenous RNA. We identified the neuroendocrine circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks through which EA has an effect on HPA axis dysfunction, thus providing potential targets and future research directions for EA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayuan Zheng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanzhuang Tian
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhanzhuang Tian, ✉
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Li W, Liu J, Ji L, Tang Y, Qin J, Zhao H, Cheng X, Tian M, Jin G, He H. MiR-674-5p Suppresses the Proliferation and Migration of Glioma Cells by Targeting Cul4b. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:679-691. [PMID: 34779995 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumors. Despite the considerable advances in GBM treatment, it is still one of the most lethal forms of brain tumor. New clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets are immediately required. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs and have emerged as the key regulators of many cancers. Here in this study, we showed that miR-674-5p was probably an important regulator of glioma cell growth. After the transfection with miR-674-5p mimic or inhibitor, we found that the expression level of miR-674-5p was negatively related with cell proliferation and migration in C6 cells. Based on the prediction of the target genes of miR-674-5p on the website, we chose Cullin 4B (Cul4b), a gene upregulated in GBM, and proved that it was a target of miR-674-5p. In addition, we explored the role of miR-674-5p in glioma growth in vivo. Taken together, the present study indicated that miR-674-5p suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration by targeting Cul4b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Han J, Zhu J, Zhang M, Ju M, Du Y, Tian Z. GluN2A/ERK/CREB Signaling Pathway Involved in Electroacupuncture Regulating Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hyperactivity. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:703044. [PMID: 34658758 PMCID: PMC8514998 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.703044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis caused by stress will inevitably disrupt the homeostasis of the neuroendocrine system and damage physiological functions. It has been demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) can modulate HPA axis hyperactivity during the perioperative period. As the initiating factor of the HPA axis, hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) is the critical molecule affected by EA. However, the mechanism by which EA reduces CRH synthesis and secretion remains unclear. Activated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been linked to over-secretion of hypothalamic CRH induced by stress. To determine whether NMDAR is involved in EA regulating the over-expression of CRH, a surgical model of partial hepatectomy (HT) was established in our experiment. The effect of EA on hypothalamic NMDAR expression in HT mice was examined. Then, we investigated whether the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway mediated by NMDAR was involved in EA regulating HPA axis hyperactivity. It was found that surgery enhanced the expression of hypothalamic CRH and caused HPA axis hyperactivity. Intriguingly, EA effectively suppressed the expression of CRH and decreased the activation of GluN2A (NMDAR subunit), ERK, and CREB in HT mice. GluN2A, ERK, and CREB antagonists had similar effects on normalizing the expression of CRH and HPA axis function compared with EA. Our findings suggested that surgery enhanced the activation of the hypothalamic GluN2A/ERK/CREB signaling pathway, thus promoting the synthesis and secretion of CRH. EA suppressed the phosphorylation of GluN2A, ERK, and CREB in mice that had undergone surgery, indicating that the GluN2A/ERK/CREB signaling pathway was involved in EA alleviating HPA axis hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mizhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minda Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueshan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanzhuang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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