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Jafari A, Mirzaei Y, Mer AH, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Jafari Z, Niknejad H. Comparison of the effects of preservation methods on structural, biological, and mechanical properties of the human amniotic membrane for medical applications. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:305-323. [PMID: 37840108 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Amniotic membrane (AM), the innermost layer of the placenta, is an exceptionally effective biomaterial with divers applications in clinical medicine. It possesses various biological functions, including scar reduction, anti-inflammatory properties, support for epithelialization, as well as anti-microbial, anti-fibrotic and angio-modulatory effects. Furthermore, its abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, and ethical acceptability make it a compelling biomaterial in the field of medicine. Given the potential unavailability of fresh tissue when needed, the preservation of AM is crucial to ensure a readily accessible and continuous supply for clinical use. However, preserving the properties of AM presents a significant challenge. Therefore, the establishment of standardized protocols for the collection and preservation of AM is vital to ensure optimal tissue quality and enhance patient safety. Various preservation methods, such as cryopreservation, lyophilization, and air-drying, have been employed over the years. However, identifying a preservation method that effectively safeguards AM properties remains an ongoing endeavor. This article aims to review and discuss different sterilization and preservation procedures for AM, as well as their impacts on its histological, physical, and biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ali Hussein Mer
- Department of Nusring, Mergasour Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Zahra Jafari
- 9th Dey Manzariye Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Horvath V, Svobodova A, Cabral JV, Fiala R, Burkert J, Stadler P, Lindner J, Bednar J, Zemlickova M, Jirsova K. Inter-placental variability is not a major factor affecting the healing efficiency of amniotic membrane when used for treating chronic non-healing wounds. Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:779-788. [PMID: 37227562 PMCID: PMC10616215 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM) grafts in chronic wound healing, including the mean percentage of wound closure per one AM application, and to determine whether the healing efficiency differs between AM grafts obtained from different placentas. A retrospective study analyzing inter-placental differences in healing capacity and mean wound closure after the application of 96 AM grafts prepared from nine placentas. Only the placentas from which the AM grafts were applied to patients suffering from long-lasting non-healing wounds successfully healed by AM treatment were included. The data from the rapidly progressing wound-closure phase (p-phase) were analyzed. The mean efficiency for each placenta, expressed as an average of wound area reduction (%) seven days after the AM application (baseline, 100%), was calculated from at least 10 applications. No statistical difference between the nine placentas' efficiency was found in the progressive phase of wound healing. The 7-day average wound reduction in particular placentas varied from 5.70 to 20.99% (median from 1.07 to 17.75) of the baseline. The mean percentage of wound surface reduction of all analyzed defects one week after the application of cryopreserved AM graft was 12.17 ± 20.12% (average ± SD). No significant difference in healing capacity was observed between the nine placentas. The data suggest that if there are intra- and inter-placental differences in AM sheets' healing efficacy, they are overridden by the actual health status of the subject or even the status of its individual wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Horvath
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Svobodova
- 2nd Department of Surgery - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joao Victor Cabral
- Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Fiala
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Burkert
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Transplantation and Tissue Bank, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stadler
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Lindner
- 2nd Department of Surgery - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bednar
- Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Zemlickova
- Clinic of Dermatovenerology, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Jirsova
- Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Transplantation and Tissue Bank, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Skopinska-Wisniewska J, Michalak M, Tworkiewicz J, Tyloch D, Tuszynska M, Bajek A. Modification of the Human Amniotic Membrane Using Different Cross-Linking Agents as a Promising Tool for Regenerative Medicine. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6726. [PMID: 37895710 PMCID: PMC10608722 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Human amniotic membranes (hAMs) obtained during cesarean sections have proven to be clinically useful as an interesting biomaterial in a wide range of tissue engineering applications such as ocular surface reconstruction, burn treatments, chronic wounds, or bedsore ulcers. It presents antimicrobial properties, promotes epithelization, reduces inflammation and angiogenesis, contains growth factors, and constitutes the reservoir of stem cells. However, variability in hAM stiffness and its fast degradation offers an explanation for the poor clinical applications and reproducibility. In addition, the preparatory method of hAM for clinical use can affect its mechanical properties, and these differences can influence its application. As a directly applied biomaterial, the hAM should be available in a ready-to-use manner in clinical settings. In the present study, we performed an analysis to improve the mechanical properties of hAM by the addition of various reagents used as protein cross-linkers: EDC/NHS, PEG-dialdehyde, PEG-NHS, dialdehyde starch, and squaric acid. The effect of hAM modification using different cross-linking agents was determined via infrared spectroscopy, thermal analyses, mechanical properties analyses, enzymatic degradation, and cytotoxicity tests. The use of PEG-dialdehyde, PEG-NHS, dialdehyde starch, and squaric acid increases the mechanical strength and elongation at the breaking point of hAM, while the addition of EDC/NHS results in material stiffening and shrinkage. Also, the thermal stability and degradation resistance were evaluated, demonstrating higher values after cross-linking. Overall, these results suggest that modification of human amniotic membrane by various reagents used as protein cross-linkers may make it easier to use hAM in clinical applications, and the presented study is a step forward in the standardization of the hAM preparation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Skopinska-Wisniewska
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Marlena Michalak
- Department of Chemistry of Biomaterials and Cosmetics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jakub Tworkiewicz
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dominik Tyloch
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Tuszynska
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Tissue Engineering Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Anna Bajek
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Department of Tissue Engineering Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Characterization of Cryopreserved Canine Amniotic Membrane. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110824. [PMID: 34832052 PMCID: PMC8624976 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic membrane is an effective corneal reconstruction material in veterinary surgery. Cryopreserved amniotic membrane is widely used in practice. Properties of cryopreserved canine amniotic membranes are currently not well studied. This study aimed to compare three properties between canine amniotic membranes cryopreserved for 7 days and 30 days, including tensile strength, transparency, and cell viability. After their respective cryopreservation time, stress-strain curves of the cryopreserved membranes' tensile strength were assessed using a universal testing machine. Both groups produced J-shaped stress-strain curves with statistically comparable parameters, including maximum stress, strain, and Young's modulus. The percentage of cell viability was observed by trypan blue staining under a light microscope. Membrane transparency was tested with a spectrophotometer. Transparency tests showed high levels of light transmission and low haze, with no statistical difference between groups. Cell viability was statistically lower in the 30-day cryopreserved group. Tensile strength and transparency of cryopreserved CAM were not significantly impeded for up to 30 days. For CAM to be used as an alternative corneal transplant material in veterinary and regenerative medicine, further research on cell biology, biomechanical properties of the membrane, and cell viability should be conducted.
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