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Lin Y, Yuan M, Wang G. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in gynecological disorders: Pathogenic insights and therapeutic implications. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127436. [PMID: 38547725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the complex role of copper homeostasis in female reproductive system diseases. As an essential trace element, copper plays a crucial role in various biological functions. Its dysregulation is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of gynecological disorders. We investigate how copper impacts these diseases, focusing on aspects like oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, immune function, estrogen levels, and angiogenesis. The review highlights significant changes in copper levels in diseases such as cervical, ovarian, endometrial cancer, and endometriosis, underscoring their potential roles in disease mechanisms and therapeutic exploration. The recent discovery of 'cuproptosis,' a novel cell death mechanism induced by copper ions, offers a fresh molecular perspective in understanding these diseases. The review also examines genes associated with cuproptosis, particularly those related to drug resistance, suggesting new strategies to enhance traditional therapy effectiveness. Additionally, we critically evaluate current therapeutic approaches targeting copper homeostasis, including copper ionophores, chelators, and nanoparticles, emphasizing their emerging potential in gynecological disease treatment. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of copper's role in female reproductive health, setting the stage for future research to elucidate its mechanisms and develop targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Disease, Jinan, Shandong Province China; Gynecology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan Shandong Province, China; Gynecology Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Disease, Jinan, Shandong Province China; Gynecology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan Shandong Province, China; Gynecology Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoyun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Gynecological Disease, Jinan, Shandong Province China; Gynecology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan Shandong Province, China; Gynecology Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan Shandong Province, China.
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Das J, Bhuyan B, Kumar P, Nath C, Malakar H, Rajkhowa P, Boruah P. Exploring Serum Zinc and Copper Levels as Potential Biomarkers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study From Northeast India. Cureus 2024; 16:e57393. [PMID: 38694665 PMCID: PMC11062360 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, and elevated androgen levels. The potential association between trace elements, specifically copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), and PCOS has been explored, but a definitive relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the levels of these trace elements in women with PCOS and their potential implications. Methods The study, conducted at Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, involved 60 individuals with PCOS and a matched control group. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants provided written informed consent. The study spanned from July 2021 to June 2022, utilizing a hospital-based case-control study design. Diagnostic criteria adhered to the Rotterdam criteria, and serum copper and zinc levels were quantified using a double-beam UV spectrophotometer. Results In the PCOS group, the mean age was 23.01 ± 3.60 years, while the control group had a mean age of 23.34 ± 3.59 years, with no significant age difference. Mean copper levels were 147.32 ± 16.53 μg/dl in PCOS and 106.88 ± 15.60 μg/dl in controls, indicating a significant increase in PCOS (p < 0.0001). Mean zinc levels were 93.99 ± 6.76 μg/dl in PCOS and 85.42 ± 12.69 μg/dl in controls, also significantly higher in PCOS (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The study highlights significant differences in serum copper and zinc levels between women with PCOS and healthy controls, suggesting potential implications for the syndrome's pathophysiology. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise roles of these trace elements in PCOS and explore therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Das
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Guwahati, IND
| | - Bidyut Bhuyan
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Guwahati, IND
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Biochemistry, Tezpur Medical College, Tezpur, IND
| | - Chandan Nath
- Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Guwahati, IND
| | - Himangshu Malakar
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Guwahati, IND
| | - Purnima Rajkhowa
- Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati, Guwahati, IND
| | - Polina Boruah
- Biochemistry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, IND
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Chen Z, Hu D, Wu D, Song C, Sun J, Liu W. Association between serum copper levels and muscle mass: results from NHANES 2011-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6847-6856. [PMID: 38153578 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Copper is essential for various biological processes. However, excess copper has several adverse health effects. The effects of serum copper on muscle mass are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum copper levels and muscle mass in the US population. We utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data between 2011 and 2016 for analysis. Data on serum copper, muscle mass (measured using the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI)), and covariates were extracted and analyzed. Weighted multivariate linear regression analyses and smooth curve fittings were performed to investigate the association between serum copper levels and ASMI. Subgroup analyses stratified according to age and sex were performed. In the presence of nonlinearity, threshold effect analysis was performed using a two-piecewise linear regression model. A total of 3860 participants were included in the final analysis. Serum copper levels were negatively associated with ASMI in the fully adjusted model. Furthermore, by comparing participants in the highest and lowest tertiles of serum copper levels, we found that the ASMI decreased by 0.292 kg/m2. In the sex-stratified subgroup analysis, we observed an inverse association between serum copper levels and the ASMI in both men and women. When stratified by age, the association remained significant among participants < 40 years of age, but not among those ≥ 40 years old. Smooth curve fitting revealed a nonlinear relationship between serum copper and ASMI, with an inflection point identified at 150.6 μg/dL. Our study revealed an inverse relationship between serum copper levels and muscle mass. This finding improves the current knowledge on the impact of serum copper on muscle loss and highlights the importance of serum copper homeostasis in muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Dingxiang Hu
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Dingwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Chenyang Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Emergency, Zhaotong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhaotong, 657000, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenge Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Conforti RA, Delsouc MB, Zorychta E, Telleria CM, Casais M. Copper in Gynecological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17578. [PMID: 38139406 PMCID: PMC10743751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for the correct development of eukaryotic organisms. This metal plays a key role in many cellular and physiological activities, including enzymatic activity, oxygen transport, and cell signaling. Although the redox activity of Cu is crucial for enzymatic reactions, this property also makes it potentially toxic when found at high levels. Due to this dual action of Cu, highly regulated mechanisms are necessary to prevent both the deficiency and the accumulation of this metal since its dyshomeostasis may favor the development of multiple diseases, such as Menkes' and Wilson's diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. As the relationship between Cu and cancer has been the most studied, we analyze how this metal can affect three fundamental processes for tumor progression: cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Gynecological diseases are characterized by high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, depending on the case, and mainly include benign and malignant tumors. The cellular processes that promote their progression are affected by Cu, and the mechanisms that occur may be similar. We analyze the crosstalk between Cu deregulation and gynecological diseases, focusing on therapeutic strategies derived from this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío A. Conforti
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - María B. Delsouc
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - Edith Zorychta
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| | - Carlos M. Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marilina Casais
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
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Srnovršnik T, Virant-Klun I, Pinter B. Heavy Metals and Essential Elements in Association with Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1398. [PMID: 37507937 PMCID: PMC10376316 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered levels of heavy metals and essential elements have been associated with oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic and hormonal changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to summarize the knowledge on the association of heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS. An electronic literature search using PubMed for studies published between January 2008 and April 2023 was conducted. We evaluated heavy metals and essential elements in relation to OS in PCOS in 15 articles. PCOS women had increased antimonium (Sb), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl) and osmium (Os) blood levels and decreased zinc (Zn) blood levels; the results of copper (Cu) blood levels were conflicting. Some studies showed a significant correlation between heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Te and Tl) and essential elements (Se, Zn, Cr, Ca, Mg and Cu) and markers of OS and chronic inflammation. Heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb and Hg) and essential elements (Zn, Cr, Se, Ca, Mg and Cu) were associated with metabolic and hormonal characteristics in PCOS. There might be a possible benefit from supplementation therapy in reducing OS and endocrinological problems related to PCOS. Our review confirmed an association between heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS women. This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42023418453.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinkara Srnovršnik
- Division for Women's Healthcare-Šiška Unit, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova Ulica 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Virant-Klun
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 1, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojana Pinter
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Šlajmerjeva 3, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Jahanfar S, Ramezani Tehrani F. An overview on effects of micronutrients and macronutrients interventions in management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:218-228. [PMID: 36513457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common endocrinopathies among women. Changing dietary behaviors for PCOS management has been an important research focus during the last decades. This review has discussed current evidence and clinical trial studies relating to the impact of macronutrients and micronutrients in the management of different clinical feature of PCOS. The possible relationship between the quality and quantity of micronutrients and macronutrients and PCOS as well as the necessity to manage PCOS as a complex condition highlights the importance of diet-related interventions. The growing number of clinical trials related to the effect of micronutrients (zinc, chromium, selenium, vitamin D, inositol, and vitamin E) and macronutrients interventions (manipulation of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and MedDiet, Calorie restriction, Low Glycemic Diet) have been demonstrated to be practical approaches for managing clinical and biochemical features of PCOS, however the potential benefit of micronutrient and macronutrient approaches could be different from one by one, particularly in different phenotypes of PCOS. To achieve optimum outcomes, providing information regarding safety and the best dose selection of micronutrients and macronutrients is necessary. Hence, to better understand the approaches' risk/benefit in women with PCOS, future trials with a large sample size are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine,Tufts University School of Medicine USA
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bizoń A, Tchórz A, Madej P, Leśniewski M, Wójtowicz M, Piwowar A, Franik G. The Activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Its Relationship with the Concentration of Zinc and Copper and the Prevalence of rs2070424 Superoxide Dismutase Gene in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—Preliminary Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092548. [PMID: 35566673 PMCID: PMC9102417 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a crucial antioxidant enzyme involved in the antioxidant pathway during both normal cellular metabolism and different pathologic processes. We investigated the activity of the copper (Cu)-zinc (Zn) SOD1 as well as the level of Cu and Zn in the serum of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control group. Moreover, the prevalence of rs2070424 gene polymorphism of the enzyme in the course of PCOS was evaluated. Significantly lower activity of SOD 1 and Cu, Zn concentration was found in the group of women with PCOS than without the syndrome. Insulin resistance in the group of women with PCOS caused a further SOD1 activity decrease, while Cu concentration and the value of Cu/Zn was increased when compared to women with normal insulin levels. Furthermore, we assessed for the first time the rs2070424 polymorphism of SOD1 in the women with PCOS, and in these patients we detected dominant variant AA (93.3%). Due to a small number of other genotypes, it is difficult to state if lower SOD1 activity was strictly associated with the AA variant or if other factors play a crucial role, but this should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bizoń
- Department of Toxicology/Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-7840455
| | - Agata Tchórz
- Students Scientific Society at the Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Paweł Madej
- Department of Endocrinological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (P.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Marcin Leśniewski
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrics, District Hospital, 43-200 Pszczyna, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Wójtowicz
- Women’s and Child Health Center, City Hospital, 41-803 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Franik
- Department of Endocrinological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (P.M.); (G.F.)
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