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Ryabushkina YA, Ayriyants KA, Sapronova AA, Mutovina AS, Kolesnikova MM, Mezhlumyan EV, Bondar NP, Reshetnikov VV. Effects of different types of induced neonatal inflammation on development and behavior of C57BL/6 and BTBR mice. Physiol Behav 2024; 280:114550. [PMID: 38614416 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation in the early postnatal period can disturb trajectories of the completion of normal brain development and can lead to mental illnesses, such as depression, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders later in life. In our study, we focused on evaluating short- and long-term effects of neonatal inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide, poly(I:C), or their combination in female and male C57BL/6 and BTBR mice. We chose the BTBR strain as potentially more susceptible to neonatal inflammation because these mice have behavioral, neuroanatomical, and physiological features of autism spectrum disorders, an abnormal immune response, and several structural aberrations in the brain. Our results indicated that BTBR mice are more sensitive to the influence of the neonatal immune activation (NIA) on the formation of neonatal reflexes than C57BL/6 mice are. In these experiments, the injection of lipopolysaccharide had an effect on the formation of the cliff aversion reflex in female BTBR mice. Nonetheless, NIA had no delayed effects on either social behavior or anxiety-like behavior in juvenile and adolescent BTBR and C57BL/6 mice. Altogether, our data show that NIA has mimetic-, age-, and strain-dependent effects on the development of neonatal reflexes and on exploratory activity in BTBR and C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya A Ryabushkina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Ayriyants
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna A Sapronova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Mutovina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maria M Kolesnikova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eva V Mezhlumyan
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalya P Bondar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Vasiliy V Reshetnikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, Sochi 354340, Russia.
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Luo Y, Wang Z. The Impact of Microglia on Neurodevelopment and Brain Function in Autism. Biomedicines 2024; 12:210. [PMID: 38255315 PMCID: PMC10813633 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia, as one of the main types of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), are widely distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord. The normal number and function of microglia are very important for maintaining homeostasis in the CNS. In recent years, scientists have paid widespread attention to the role of microglia in the CNS. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder, and patients with ASD have severe deficits in behavior, social skills, and communication. Most previous studies on ASD have focused on neuronal pathological changes, such as increased cell proliferation, accelerated neuronal differentiation, impaired synaptic development, and reduced neuronal spontaneous and synchronous activity. Currently, more and more research has found that microglia, as immune cells, can promote neurogenesis and synaptic pruning to maintain CNS homeostasis. They can usually reduce unnecessary synaptic connections early in life. Some researchers have proposed that many pathological phenotypes of ASD may be caused by microglial abnormalities. Based on this, we summarize recent research on microglia in ASD, focusing on the function of microglia and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We aim to clarify the essential factors influenced by microglia in ASD and explore the possibility of microglia-related pathways as potential research targets for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
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Chen CP, Chen PC, Pan YL, Hsu YC. Prenatal lipopolysaccharide exposure induces anxiety-like behaviour in male mouse offspring and aberrant glial differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:67. [PMID: 37592237 PMCID: PMC10436442 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal infection has been implicated in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in children. We hypothesised that exposure to lipopolysaccharide during prenatal development could induce anxiety-like behaviour and sensorineural hearing loss in offspring, as well as disrupt neural differentiation during embryonic neural development. METHODS We simulated prenatal infection in FVB mice and mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines, specifically 46C and E14Tg2a, through lipopolysaccharide treatment. Gene expression profiling analyses and behavioural tests were utilized to study the effects of lipopolysaccharide on the offspring and alterations in toll-like receptor (TLR) 2-positive and TLR4-positive cells during neural differentiation in the ESCs. RESULTS Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (25 µg/kg) on gestation day 9 resulted in anxiety-like behaviour specifically in male offspring, while no effects were detected in female offspring. We also found significant increases in the expression of GFAP and CNPase, as well as higher numbers of GFAP + astrocytes and O4+ oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex of male offspring. Furthermore, increased scores for genes related to oligodendrocyte and lipid metabolism, particularly ApoE, were observed in the prefrontal cortex regions. Upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide during the ESC-to-neural stem cell (NSC) transition, Tuj1, Map2, Gfap, O4, and Oligo2 mRNA levels increased in the differentiated neural cells on day 14. In vitro experiments demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide exposure induced inflammatory responses, as evidenced by increased expression of IL1b and ApoB mRNA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that prenatal infection at different stages of neural differentiation may result in distinct disturbances in neural differentiation during ESC-NSC transitions. Furthermore, early prenatal challenges with lipopolysaccharide selectively induce anxiety-like behaviour in male offspring. This behaviour may be attributed to the abnormal differentiation of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the brain, potentially mediated by ApoB/E signalling pathways in response to inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie-Pein Chen
- Division of High Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Pan
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chao Hsu
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Pavlova IV, Broshevitskaya ND, Zaichenko MI, Grigoryan GA. The influence of long-term housing in enriched environment on behavior of normal rats and subjected to neonatal pro-inflammatory challenge. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100639. [PMID: 37274935 PMCID: PMC10236189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that neonatal pro-inflammatory challenge (NPC) acquire a predisposition to the development of a number of neuropsychiatric diseases: depression, anxiety disorders, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Symptoms of these diseases can manifest themselves in adulthood and adolescent after repeated exposure to negative influences. Preventing the development of the negative consequences of NPC is one of the main tasks for researchers. The exposure to an enriched environment (EE) was shown to have anxiolytic, anti-depressive, and pro-cognitive effects. The present work was aimed to investigate the effects of the long-term EE on anxious-depressive and conditioned fear behavior in normal male and female rats and subjected to NPC. The NPC was induced by subcutaneous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 μg/kg) on 3d and 5th PNDs. The control animals received saline (SAL). The rats were placed in the EE from 25 to 120 PND. Animals housed in the standard conditions (STAND) served as controls. In adult female and male rats of the STAND groups, LPS did not affect the anxiety, depressive-like behavior and conditioned fear. The EE increased motor and search activity in males and females. In the open field, the EE reduced anxiety in males of the SAL and LPS groups and in females of SAL groups compared to the STAND housed animals. In the elevated plus maze, the EE decreased anxiety only in males of the SAL group. In the sucrose preference test, the EE did not change sucrose consumption in males and females of SAL and LPS groups, while, in the forced swimming test, the EE reduced depressive-like behavior in females of both SAL and LPS groups. The enrichment decreased the contextual conditioned fear in male and female of SAL groups, but not of the LPS group, and did not affect the cue conditioned fear. The corticosterone reactivity to the forced swimming stress increased in males of the EE groups. The basal level of IL-1beta in blood serum decreased in males of the SAL-EE group. Thus, the EE reduced anxiety in males, depressive-like behavior in females, and contextual conditioned fear in males and females compared to the STAND housed animals. Although the NPC did not affect these behaviors in the STAND groups, LPS prevented the beneficial EE effects on anxiety and conditioned fear. The opposing effects of LPS were dependent on sex and type of testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Pavlova
- Corresponding author. Department of Conditioned Reflexes and Physiology of Emotions, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485, 5a Butlerov street, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Tejkalová H, Jakob L, Kvasnová S, Klaschka J, Sechovcová H, Mrázek J, Páleníček T, Fliegerová KO. The influence of antibiotic treatment on the behavior and gut microbiome of adult rats neonatally insulted with lipopolysaccharide. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15417. [PMID: 37123951 PMCID: PMC10130227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether neonatal exposure to the proinflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by an antibiotic (ATB)-induced dysbiosis in early adulthood could induce neurodevelopmental disorders-like behavioral changes in adult male rats. Combining these two stressors resulted in decreased weight gain, but no significant behavioral abnormalities were observed. LPS treatment resulted in adult rats' hypoactivity and induced anxiety-like behavior in the social recognition paradigm, but these behavioral changes were not exacerbated by ATB-induced gut dysbiosis. ATB treatment seriously disrupted the gut bacterial community, but dysbiosis did not affect locomotor activity, social recognition, and acoustic reactivity in adult rats. Fecal bacterial community analyses showed no differences between the LPS challenge exposed/unexposed rats, while the effect of ATB administration was decisive regardless of prior LPS exposure. ATB treatment resulted in significantly decreased bacterial diversity, suppression of Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and increases in Lactobacillales, Enterobacteriales, and Burkholderiales. The persistent effect of LPS on some aspects of behavior suggests a long-term effect of early toxin exposure that was not observed in ATB-treated animals. However, an anti-inflammatory protective effect of ATB cannot be assumed because of the increased abundance of pro-inflammatory, potentially pathogenic bacteria (Proteus, Suttrella) and the elimination of the bacterial families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, which are generally considered beneficial for gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Tejkalová
- National Institute of Mental Health; Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Lea Jakob
- National Institute of Mental Health; Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic,
| | - Simona Kvasnová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Klaschka
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Sechovcová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
- Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Mrázek
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Páleníček
- National Institute of Mental Health; Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
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