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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Neuropharmacology of Alcohol Addiction with Special Emphasis on Proteomic Approaches for Identification of Novel Therapeutic Targets. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:119-132. [PMID: 35959616 PMCID: PMC10193758 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220811092906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is a generic pharmacological agent with only a few recognized primary targets. Nmethyl- D-aspartate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (serotonin), nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and L-type Ca2+ channels and G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K channels are all involved. Following the first hit of alcohol on specific brain targets, the second wave of indirect effects on various neurotransmitter/neuropeptide systems begins, leading to the typical acute behavioral effects of alcohol, which range from disinhibition to sedation and even hypnosis as alcohol concentrations rise. Recent research has revealed that gene regulation is significantly more complex than previously thought and does not fully explain changes in protein levels. As a result, studying the proteome directly, which differs from the genome/transcriptome in terms of complexity and dynamicity, has provided unique insights into extraordinary advances in proteomic techniques that have changed the way we can analyze the composition, regulation, and function of protein complexes and pathways underlying altered neurobiological conditions. Neuroproteomics has the potential to revolutionize alcohol research by allowing researchers to gain a better knowledge of how alcohol impacts protein structure, function, connections, and networks on a global scale. The amount of information collected from these breakthroughs can aid in identifying valuable biomarkers for early detection and improved prognosis of an alcohol use disorder and future pharmaceutical targets for the treatment of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Independent Researcher, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462020, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462020, India
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Khalili B, Tomasoni M, Mattei M, Mallol Parera R, Sonmez R, Krefl D, Rueedi R, Bergmann S. Automated Analysis of Large-Scale NMR Data Generates Metabolomic Signatures and Links Them to Candidate Metabolites. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3360-3368. [PMID: 31318216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Identification of metabolites in large-scale 1H NMR data from human biofluids remains challenging due to the complexity of the spectra and their sensitivity to pH and ionic concentrations. In this work, we tested the capacity of three analysis tools to extract metabolite signatures from 968 NMR profiles of human urine samples. Specifically, we studied sets of covarying features derived from principal component analysis (PCA), the iterative signature algorithm (ISA), and averaged correlation profiles (ACP), a new method we devised inspired by the STOCSY approach. We used our previously developed metabomatching method to match the sets generated by these algorithms to NMR spectra of individual metabolites available in public databases. On the basis of the number and quality of the matches, we concluded that ISA and ACP can robustly identify ten and nine metabolites, respectively, half of which were shared, while PCA did not produce any signatures with robust matches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Khalili
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Mattia Tomasoni
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Mattei
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Roger Mallol Parera
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Reyhan Sonmez
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Daniel Krefl
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology , University of Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland.,Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences , University of Cape Town , Cape Town 7700 , South Africa
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Wolking AB, Park JH, Grüneberg M, Reunert J, Fingerhut R, Fobker M, Marquardt T. Transferrin glycosylation analysis from dried blood spot cards and capillary blood samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1106-1107:64-70. [PMID: 30641270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a growing group of inherited diseases causing manifold symptoms. Routine diagnostic procedures are high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or isoelectric focusing (IEF) of serum transferrin. METHODS We introduce a modified method to screen for glycosylation abnormalities from dried blood spot (DBS) samples based on isoelectric focusing. In PGM1-CDG, glycosylation analysis and enzyme activity measurement were performed from a single DBS sample. Furthermore, we present the possibility to use capillary blood samples for quantification of transferrin isoforms. RESULTS IEF from DBS samples is possible and results are identical to the ones obtained in serum samples. Gel analysis using the ImageJ software allows quantification of IEF results. Storage at -20 °C ensures stable samples for more than six months. Capillary blood samples are equally suitable for glycosylation analysis and show no inferiority to serum samples. CONCLUSION In view of a growing number of treatable CDG subtypes, the proposed methods allow reliable diagnosis and therapy control of CDG while being easily applicable. Capillary blood samples can be taken at home and sent in for follow-up. DBS are widely used in new-born screening programs and have the potential to broaden the knowledge of glycosylation abnormalities in early infancy. By its possible application in the context of alcohol abuse, the proposed method bears the potential for widespread use in a non-metabolic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Wolking
- University Children's Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A13, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Julien H Park
- University Children's Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A13, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Marianne Grüneberg
- University Children's Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A13, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Janine Reunert
- University Children's Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A13, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Swiss Newborn Screening Laboratory, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstr. 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Manfred Fobker
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- University Children's Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A13, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Giantin Is Required for Post-Alcohol Recovery of Golgi in Liver Cells. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8040150. [PMID: 30453527 PMCID: PMC6316505 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In hepatocytes and alcohol-metabolizing cultured cells, Golgi undergoes ethanol (EtOH)-induced disorganization. Perinuclear and organized Golgi is important in liver homeostasis, but how the Golgi remains intact is unknown. Work from our laboratories showed that EtOH-altered cellular function could be reversed after alcohol removal; we wanted to determine whether this recovery would apply to Golgi. We used alcohol-metabolizing HepG2 (VA-13) cells (cultured with or without EtOH for 72 h) and rat hepatocytes (control and EtOH-fed (Lieber–DeCarli diet)). For recovery, EtOH was removed and replenished with control medium (48 h for VA-13 cells) or control diet (10 days for rats). Results: EtOH-induced Golgi disassembly was associated with de-dimerization of the largest Golgi matrix protein giantin, along with impaired transport of selected hepatic proteins. After recovery from EtOH, Golgi regained their compact structure, and alterations in giantin and protein transport were restored. In VA-13 cells, when we knocked down giantin, Rab6a GTPase or non-muscle myosin IIB, minimal changes were observed in control conditions, but post-EtOH recovery was impaired. Conclusions: These data provide a link between Golgi organization and plasma membrane protein expression and identify several proteins whose expression is important to maintain Golgi structure during the recovery phase after EtOH administration.
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Herz V, Franzin N, Huemer J, Mairhofer D, Philipp J, Skala K. Substance use and misuse among children and youth with mental illness : A pilot study. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2018; 32:18-25. [PMID: 28639209 PMCID: PMC5842275 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-017-0231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine prevalence, patterns and predictors of substance use among a sample of adolescent psychiatric inpatients. METHODS Participants included 25 minors aged 12-17 years admitted to an Austrian department of child and adolescent psychiatry. Lifetime use, initiation, frequency and quantity of substance use, sociodemographic, family and school-related data were collected by self-report measures. Substance use disorders were detected using CAGE (a screening instrument for problem drinking) and FTND (Fagerström Test For Nicotine Dependence). Clinical characteristics were extracted from medical records. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of any substance use (76%) and regular use (32%) were common. Prevalence was high for alcohol (76%), nicotine (44%) and illicit drug use (36%). Older age was associated with tobacco (p = 0.023), drug (p = 0.021) and cannabis use (p = 0.015) and regular use of psychotropic substances (p = 0.027). Family dysfunction predicted regular (p = 0.035) and cannabis use (p = 0.02). History of trauma prognosticated regular (p = 0.047) and tobacco use (p = 0.011). Use of any substance (p < 0.001) as well as regular use (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with peer substance use. Consuming adolescents were more likely to show academic failure, school absenteeism and behavioral problems. Alcohol (p = 0.02), drug (p = 0.017) and regular substance use (p = 0.007) were linked to suicidal ideation. A remarkable relationship between affective as well as externalizing disorders and alcohol, nicotine and drug use was found. CONCLUSIONS Substance use is highly prevalent among youth with mental illnesses and associated with psychosocial consequences. These data highlight the need to carefully explore this population at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Herz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Franzin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Huemer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Mairhofer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Philipp
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Skala
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Streinu-Cercel A, Sandulescu O, Stefan M, Streinu-Cercel A. Treatment with lamivudine and entecavir in severe acute hepatitis B. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:166-72. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.176837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zühlsdorf A, Said M, Seger C, Park JH, Reunert J, Rust S, Wada Y, Grüneberg M, DuChesne I, Marquardt T. It Is Not Always Alcohol Abuse—A Transferrin Variant Impairing the CDT Test. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 51:148-53. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Zühlsdorf A, Park JH, Wada Y, Rust S, Reunert J, DuChesne I, Grüneberg M, Marquardt T. Transferrin variants: Pitfalls in the diagnostics of Congenital disorders of glycosylation. Clin Biochem 2015; 48:11-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zatu MC, Van Rooyen JM, Kruger A, Schutte AE. Alcohol intake, hypertension development and mortality in black South Africans. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2014; 23:308-15. [PMID: 25500903 DOI: 10.1177/2047487314563447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and predicts cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We determined which alcohol marker (self-reported alcohol intake, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) or percentage carbohydrate deficient transferrin (%CDT)) relates best with mortality and predicts hypertension development over five years in black South Africans. DESIGN This was a longitudinal study as part of the PURE (Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology) study in the North West Province, South Africa. METHOD We included 2010 participants and followed 1471 participants. Over five years, 230 deaths occurred, of which 66 were cardiovascular-related. At enrolment, participants completed questionnaires on alcohol intake (yes, for former and current use; no, for alcohol never used). We measured blood pressure, collected blood samples and measured GGT and %CDT. RESULTS When comparing hazard ratios (HRs) of self-report, GGT and %CDT, we found that only GGT predicted cardiovascular (HR = 2.76 (1.49-5.12)) and all-cause mortality (HR = 2.47 (1.75-3.47)) and hypertension development ((HR = 1.31 (1.06-1.62)). Participants self-reporting yes for alcohol intake had a 30% increased risk of developing hypertension (HR = 1.30 (1.07-1.60)) but not an increased risk for mortality. When adding both GGT and self-report in the prediction model for hypertension, only self-reporting of alcohol was significant (HR = 1.24 (1.01-1.53)). The alcohol marker, %CDT, did not show any significant association with mortality or hypertension development. CONCLUSION GGT independently predicted cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, as well as hypertension development in black South Africans. Despite non-specificity to excessive alcohol consumption, GGT may be a useful general marker for hypertension development and mortality, also due to its significant association with self-reported alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandlenkosi C Zatu
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, South Africa Medical Research Council: Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, South Africa Department of Physiology, University of Limpopo (Medunsa), South Africa
| | | | - Annamarie Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), North-West University, South Africa
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, South Africa
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Dhanashekar R, Akkinepalli S, Nellutla A. Milk-borne infections. An analysis of their potential effect on the milk industry. Germs 2012; 2:101-9. [PMID: 24432270 DOI: 10.11599/germs.2012.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In developed countries such as the United States of America, foodborne illnesses account for 48 million infections per year. Developing countries such as India face greater simultaneous challenges particularly since incorrect processing or storage of dairy products can represent a transmission hazard for a large number of pathogens and can be responsible for outbreaks of brucellosis, listeriosis, tuberculosis, etc. It is important to recognize the types of germs which can be transmitted through insufficient thermal preparation of milk or milk products or through post-pasteurization contamination, in order to successfully avoid transmission of milk-borne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Dhanashekar
- B.Tech Biotechnology, Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sindhura Akkinepalli
- B.Tech Biotechnology, Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Nellutla
- B.Tech Biotechnology, Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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