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Oehmcke-Hecht S, Maletzki C, Surabhi S, Siemens N, Khaimov V, John LM, Peter SM, Hammerschmidt S, Kreikemeyer B. Procoagulant Activity of Blood and Microvesicles Is Disturbed by Pneumococcal Pneumolysin, Which Interacts with Coagulation Factors. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:136-152. [PMID: 35843205 PMCID: PMC10643893 DOI: 10.1159/000525479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The coagulation and contact systems are parts of the innate immune system as they prevent bleeding and dissemination of pathogens and also contribute to microbial killing by inflammatory reactions and the release of antimicrobial peptides. Here, we investigated the influence of Streptococcus pneumoniae on the coagulation and contact system. S. pneumoniae (pneumococci), but no other investigated streptococcal species, impairs coagulation of blood by autolysis and release of pneumolysin. Defective blood coagulation results from the lysis of tissue factor-producing mononuclear cells and their procoagulant microvesicles, which are the main trigger for blood coagulation during sepsis. In addition, pneumolysin binds coagulation and contact system factors, but this does not result in activation. Thus, pneumococci modulate activation of the coagulation system by releasing pneumolysin, which could potentiate lung injury during pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Oehmcke-Hecht
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Surabhi Surabhi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siemens
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valeria Khaimov
- Institute for ImplantTechnology and Biomaterials e.V., Rostock, Germany
| | - Lisa Marie John
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sina Mariella Peter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sven Hammerschmidt
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Jagau H, Packirisamy S, Brandon K, Herwald H. Plasma Protein Layer Concealment Protects Streptococcus pyogenes From Innate Immune Attack. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:633394. [PMID: 34094995 PMCID: PMC8173628 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.633394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early recognition and elimination of invading pathogens by the innate immune system, is one of the most efficient host defense mechanisms preventing the induction of systemic complications from infection. To this end the host can mobilize endogenous antimicrobials capable of killing the intruder by perforating the microbial cell wall. Here, we show that Streptococcus pyogenes can shield its outer surface with a layer of plasma proteins. This mechanism protects the bacteria from an otherwise lytic attack by LL-37 and extracellular histones, allowing the bacteria to adjust their gene regulation to an otherwise hostile environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilger Jagau
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Swathi Packirisamy
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kyle Brandon
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Isenring J, Köhler J, Nakata M, Frank M, Jans C, Renault P, Danne C, Dramsi S, Kreikemeyer B, Oehmcke-Hecht S. Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus endocarditis isolate interferes with coagulation and activates the contact system. Virulence 2017; 9:248-261. [PMID: 29072555 PMCID: PMC5955193 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1393600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus, formerly classified as S. bovis biotype I, is an increasing cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis in the elderly. The physiopathology of infective endocarditis is poorly understood and involves immune and coagulation systems. In this study, we found that S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus activates the human contact system, which in turn has two consequences: cleavage of high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) resulting in release of the potent pro-inflammatory peptide bradykinin, and initiation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus was found to bind and activate factors of the human contact system at its surface, leading to a significant prolongation of the intrinsic coagulation time and to the release of bradykinin. High-affinity binding of factor XII to the bacterial Pil1 collagen binding protein was demonstrated with a KD of 13 nM. Of note, Pil1 expression was exclusively found in S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus, further supporting an essential contribution of this pilus in virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Isenring
- a Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany.,b Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Juliane Köhler
- a Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Masanobu Nakata
- a Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany.,c Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology , Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry , Suita , Osaka , Japan
| | - Marcus Frank
- d Medical Biology and Electron Microscopy Centre, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Christoph Jans
- b Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, ETH Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Pierre Renault
- e Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Camille Danne
- f Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ERL3526
| | - Shaynoor Dramsi
- f Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ERL3526
| | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- a Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Sonja Oehmcke-Hecht
- a Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
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