[Plexiform cervical neurofibroma: about a case]

The role of multimodality imaging in diffuse pelvicoabdominal plexiform neurofibroma: A rare case report

Pelvicoabdominal plexiform neurofibroma is a rare and complicated form of type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1), distinguished by developing benign nerve sheath tumors in the pelvis and abdomen. A male patient, aged 26, came to our center with dysuria, abdominal bloating, rectal mucosa prolapses, and trouble walking and moving legs. Physical examination revealed a palpable mass of solid consistency fixed in the pelvic cavity to the abdominal cavity. A large and extensive mass in the pelvic to the abdominal region can be evaluated with multimodality radiological imaging, including ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging is crucial for diagnosis, evaluation of extension, and early detection of potential malignant transformation in these patients. The patient was scheduled for palliative surgical resection due to the extensive mass; however, he did not survive while waiting for the operation. Pathology examination and immunohistochemical staining revealed positive S-100 protein, indicating the neural crest originate lesion. We report the clinical and radiological features of plexiform neurofibroma in a young male patient, confirmed by pathology examination.

Diagnosis of neonatal neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic disorder characterized with the development of multiple benign tumors on the nerves and skin.

CASE PRESENTATION

This report described a neonatal case with a large mass observed on the left side of the maxillofacial and cervical region at birth. Meantime, multiple cafe-au-lait macules (CALMs) were seen on the trunk and both lower extremities.

CONCLUSIONS

In this case, the clinical features of the rare NF1 neonate are discussed along with its ultrasound findings.

A rare cause of cervical swelling: Solitary plexiform neurofibroma

INTRODUCTION

Plexiform cervical neurofibromas are benign neoplasm, extremely rare, difficult to diagnose and to manage. Only some cases have been reported in the literature.

CASE PRESENTATION

We report the case of a 60-year-old man admitted for a lateral neck mass, for which the surgical indication was the increase in volume of this mass, as well as the aesthetical impairment, the surgical exploration found the tumor attached to the cervical plexus. The excision of the mass was performed without damaging nerve. The pathological study was in favor of a plexiform neurofibroma.

DISCUSSION

Even though Plexiform cervical neurofibroma are extremely rare, and their diagnosis are not often primary evoked in front of any growing mass of this region, the surgeon must keep in mind the existence of these neoplasms as a differential diagnosis of a neck tumor.

CONCLUSION

Surgery remains the gold standard in the treatment of these locally invasive tumors. It is essential that the surgeon keep in mind the possibility of these tumors as a differential diagnosis of a neck tumor.

Type I Neurofibromatosis: Case Report and Review of the Literature Focused on Oral and Cutaneous Lesions

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disease whose dermatological lesions are at the forefront of its development. Cutaneous manifestations include café au lait spots, intertriginous freckling, and neurofibromas which appear during childhood and adolescence and are part of the clinical criteria to diagnose NF1. However, it is only recently that oral manifestations have been highlighted in many studies as frequently associated to NF1. This article aims to review oral and cutaneous manifestations related to NF1 and to report a case of a 51-year-old male with skin and oral neurofibromas related to NF1. Our patient presented with lesions on the gingiva, a rare localization that takes a hypertrophic form mimicking other various pathological conditions. Although not frequent, malignant transformation in NF1, especially regarding plexiform neurofibromas, is well established. Patients with NF1 therefore have regular follow-ups based on clinical examination, as sarcomatous transformation brings an extremely poor prognosis, recurrences and distant metastasis being common.