Effects of bleeding on electrolyte excretion and on glomerular filtration

Volume depletion versus dehydration: how understanding the difference can guide therapy

Although often used interchangeably, dehydration and volume depletion are not synonyms. Dehydration refers to loss of total-body water, producing hypertonicity, which now is the preferred term in lieu of dehydration, whereas volume depletion refers to a deficit in extracellular fluid volume. In particular, hypertonicity implies intracellular volume contraction, whereas volume depletion implies blood volume contraction. Using a case of hyperglycemic hypertonic nonketosis as an example, we examine the changing composition of body fluid spaces to explore the distinction between dehydration and hypertonicity from volume depletion.

THE EFFECT OF ACUTE HYPOVOLEMIA ON THE RELEASE OF “ALDOSTERONE” AND ON THE RENAL EXCRETION OF SODIUM1

Images