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De Masi R, Orlando S, Carata E, Panzarini E. Ultrastructural Characterization of PBMCs and Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6867. [PMID: 38999977 PMCID: PMC11241448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence identifies extracellular vesicles (EVs) as important cell-to-cell signal transducers in autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). If the etiology of MS still remains unknown, its molecular physiology has been well studied, indicating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as the main pathologically relevant contributors to the disease and to neuroinflammation. Recently, several studies have suggested the involvement of EVs as key mediators of neuroimmune crosstalk in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. To assess the role of EVs in MS, we applied electron microscopy (EM) techniques and Western blot analysis to study the morphology and content of plasma-derived EVs as well as the ultrastructure of PBMCs, considering four MS patients and four healthy controls. Through its exploratory nature, our study was able to detect significant differences between groups. Pseudopods and large vesicles were more numerous at the plasmalemma interface of cases, as were endoplasmic vesicles, resulting in an activated aspect of the PBMCs. Moreover, PBMCs from MS patients also showed an increased number of multivesicular bodies within the cytoplasm and amorphous material around the vesicles. In addition, we observed a high number of plasma-membrane-covered extensions, with multiple associated large vesicles and numerous autophagosomal vacuoles containing undigested cytoplasmic material. Finally, the study of EV cargo evidenced a number of dysregulated molecules in MS patients, including GANAB, IFI35, Cortactin, Septin 2, Cofilin 1, and ARHGDIA, that serve as inflammatory signals in a context of altered vesicular dynamics. We concluded that EM coupled with Western blot analysis applied to PBMCs and vesiculation can enhance our knowledge in the physiopathology of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Masi
- Complex Operative Unit of Neurology, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefania Orlando
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, “F. Ferrari” Hospital, Casarano, 73042 Lecce, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Carata
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of the Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Elisa Panzarini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of the Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhao S, Qi Z, He Y, Zhang X, Wu W, Yan K, Hu L, Sun S, Tang X, Zhou Q, Chen F, Gu A, Wang L, Zhang Z, Yu B, Wang D, Han Y, Xie L, Ji Y. S-Nitrosylation of Septin2 Exacerbates Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection by Coupling the TIAM1-RAC1 Axis in Macrophages. Circulation 2024; 149:1903-1920. [PMID: 38357802 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S-Nitrosylation (SNO), a prototypic redox-based posttranslational modification, is involved in cardiovascular disease. Aortic aneurysm and dissection are high-risk cardiovascular diseases without an effective cure. The aim of this study was to determine the role of SNO of Septin2 in macrophages in aortic aneurysm and dissection. METHODS Biotin-switch assay combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed to identify the S-nitrosylated proteins in aortic tissue from both patients undergoing surgery for aortic dissection and Apoe-/- mice infused with angiotensin II. Angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm model and β-aminopropionitrile-induced aortic aneurysm and dissection model were used to determine the role of SNO of Septin2 (SNO-Septin2) in aortic aneurysm and dissection development. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to recapitulate possible changes in the transcriptome profile of SNO-Septin2 in macrophages in aortic aneurysm and dissection. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation were used to uncover the TIAM1-RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) axis as the downstream target of SNO-Septin2. Both R-Ketorolac and NSC23766 treatments were used to inhibit the TIAM1-RAC1 axis. RESULTS Septin2 was identified S-nitrosylated at cysteine 111 (Cys111) in both aortic tissue from patients undergoing surgery for aortic dissection and Apoe-/- mice infused with Angiotensin II. SNO-Septin2 was demonstrated driving the development of aortic aneurysm and dissection. By RNA-sequencing, SNO-Septin2 in macrophages was demonstrated to exacerbate vascular inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation in aortic aneurysm. Next, TIAM1 (T lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1) was identified as a SNO-Septin2 target protein. Mechanistically, compared with unmodified Septin2, SNO-Septin2 reduced its interaction with TIAM1 and activated the TIAM1-RAC1 axis and consequent nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, resulting in stronger inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation mediated by macrophages. Consistently, both R-Ketorolac and NSC23766 treatments protected against aortic aneurysm and dissection by inhibiting the TIAM1-RAC1 axis. CONCLUSIONS SNO-Septin2 drives aortic aneurysm and dissection through coupling the TIAM1-RAC1 axis in macrophages and activating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway-dependent inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation. Pharmacological blockade of RAC1 by R-Ketorolac or NSC23766 may therefore represent a potential treatment against aortic aneurysm and dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Yiwei He
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Xuhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Wencheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Ke Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Lulu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Shixiu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Xinlong Tang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, China (X.T., Q.Z., D.W.)
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, China (X.T., Q.Z., D.W.)
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
- Department of Forensic Medicine (F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- School of Public Health (A.G.), Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Departments of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (L.W.)
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, PR China (Z.Z., Y.J.)
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (B.Y.)
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Nanjing University, China (X.T., Q.Z., D.W.)
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China (Y.H.)
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China (L.X., Y.J.)
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China (Y.Z., H.Z., S.Z., Z.Q., Y.H., X.Z., W.W., K.Y., L.H., S.S., F.C., L.X., Y.J.)
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China (L.X., Y.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, PR China (Z.Z., Y.J.)
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Du L, Wu Y, Jia Q, Li J, Li Y, Ma H, Fan Z, Guo X, Li L, Peng Y, Li J, Fang Z, Zhang X. Autophagy Suppresses Ferroptosis by Degrading TFR1 to Alleviate Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice with SAE. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3605-3622. [PMID: 37341832 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a serious complication of sepsis that is characterized by long-term cognitive impairment, which imposes a heavy burden on families and society. However, its pathological mechanism has not been elucidated. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death that is involved in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In the current study, we found that ferroptosis also participated in the pathological process of cognitive dysfunction in SAE, while Liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) effectively inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated cognitive impairment. Additionally, since an increasing number of studies have suggested the crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis, we further proved the essential role of autophagy in this process and demonstrated the key molecular mechanism of the autophagy-ferroptosis interaction. Currently, we showed that autophagy in the hippocampus was downregulated within 3 days of lipopolysaccharide injection into the lateral ventricle. Moreover, enhancing autophagy ameliorated cognitive dysfunction. Importantly, we found that autophagy suppressed ferroptosis by downregulating transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) in the hippocampus, thereby alleviating cognitive impairment in mice with SAE. In conclusion, our findings indicated that hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis is associated with cognitive impairment. In addition, enhancing autophagy can inhibit ferroptosis via degradation of TFR1 to ameliorate cognitive impairment in SAE, which shed new light on the prevention and therapy for SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongmin Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuliang Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, School of Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China.
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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El-Mansi S, Robinson CL, Kostelnik KB, McCormack JJ, Mitchell TP, Lobato-Márquez D, Rajeeve V, Cutillas P, Cutler DF, Mostowy S, Nightingale TD. Proximity proteomics identifies septins and PAK2 as decisive regulators of actomyosin-mediated expulsion of von Willebrand factor. Blood 2023; 141:930-944. [PMID: 36564030 PMCID: PMC10023740 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to tissue injury, within seconds the ultra-large glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) is released from endothelial storage organelles (Weibel-Palade bodies) into the lumen of the blood vasculature, where it leads to the recruitment of platelets. The marked size of VWF multimers represents an unprecedented burden on the secretory machinery of endothelial cells (ECs). ECs have evolved mechanisms to overcome this, most notably an actomyosin ring that forms, contracts, and squeezes out its unwieldy cargo. Inhibiting the formation or function of these structures represents a novel therapeutic target for thrombotic pathologies, although characterizing proteins associated with such a dynamic process has been challenging. We have combined APEX2 proximity labeling with an innovative dual loss-of-function screen to identify proteins associated with actomyosin ring function. We show that p21 activated kinase 2 (PAK2) recruits septin hetero-oligomers, a molecular interaction that forms a ring around exocytic sites. This cascade of events controls actomyosin ring function, aiding efficient exocytic release. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PAK2 or septins led to inefficient release of VWF and a failure to form platelet-catching strings. This new molecular mechanism offers additional therapeutic targets for the control of thrombotic disease and is highly relevant to other secretory systems that employ exocytic actomyosin machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy El-Mansi
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher L. Robinson
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katja B. Kostelnik
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica J. McCormack
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom P. Mitchell
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Damián Lobato-Márquez
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vinothini Rajeeve
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Cutillas
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel F. Cutler
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D. Nightingale
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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