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Alvarez CK, Swales H, Kluger J. A case report of deglutition triggered atrial fibrillation in a patient with Laing distal myopathy. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2021; 5:ytab430. [PMID: 34926983 PMCID: PMC8672657 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytab430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Deglutition-induced atrial fibrillation is a rare clinical entity with a reported prevalence of 0.6%. Laing distal myopathy is a rare autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy that is the result of mutations within the slow skeletal muscle fibre myosin heavy chain gene (MYH7). Atrial fibrillation has not been previously reported in patients with Laing distal myopathy. We describe the first reported case of deglutition triggered atrial fibrillation in a female with a history of Laing distal myopathy. Case summary A 44-year-old female with a history of Laing distal myopathy diagnosed at age 32, began experiencing intermittent episodes of pre-syncope and palpitations which occurred after deglutition with food. An ambulatory 30-day patient triggered event monitor recorded episodes of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. Family history was significant for Laing distal myopathy, atrial fibrillation, as well as sudden cardiac death. Laboratory data, transthoracic echocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and an exercise treadmill SPECT Imaging stress test were normal. An oesophagram revealed a mild oesophageal dysmotility with no other abnormalities. She was started on flecainide 50 mg p.o. every 8 h and verapamil 40 mg p.o. every 8 h with no further episodes of atrial fibrillation. Discussion Given the strong genetic component of this myopathy, one could postulate as to a possible genetic component in the development of atrial fibrillation in our patient. Although we cannot make definite correlation between deglutition-induced atrial fibrillation and Laing myopathy, it is important to report this unusual association which has not been described before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikezie K Alvarez
- Cardiovascular Department, Hartford Hospital/University of Connecticut, 80 Seymour St, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Heather Swales
- Cardiovascular Department, Hartford Hospital/University of Connecticut, 80 Seymour St, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kluger
- Cardiovascular Department, Hartford Hospital/University of Connecticut, 80 Seymour St, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
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Bazzini C, Benedetti L, Civello D, Zanoni C, Rossetti V, Marchesi D, Garavaglia ML, Paulmichl M, Francolini M, Meyer G, Rodighiero S. ICln: a new regulator of non-erythroid 4.1R localisation and function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108826. [PMID: 25295618 PMCID: PMC4189953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To optimise the efficiency of cell machinery, cells can use the same protein (often called a hub protein) to participate in different cell functions by simply changing its target molecules. There are large data sets describing protein-protein interactions (“interactome”) but they frequently fail to consider the functional significance of the interactions themselves. We studied the interaction between two potential hub proteins, ICln and 4.1R (in the form of its two splicing variants 4.1R80 and 4.1R135), which are involved in such crucial cell functions as proliferation, RNA processing, cytoskeleton organisation and volume regulation. The sub-cellular localisation and role of native and chimeric 4.1R over-expressed proteins in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells were examined. ICln interacts with both 4.1R80 and 4.1R135 and its over-expression displaces 4.1R from the membrane regions, thus affecting 4.1R interaction with ß-actin. It was found that 4.1R80 and 4.1R135 are differently involved in regulating the swelling activated anion current (ICl,swell) upon hypotonic shock, a condition under which both isoforms are dislocated from the membrane region and thus contribute to ICl,swell current regulation. Both 4.1R isoforms are also differently involved in regulating cell morphology, and ICln counteracts their effects. The findings of this study confirm that 4.1R plays a role in cell volume regulation and cell morphology and indicate that ICln is a new negative regulator of 4.1R functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bazzini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Benedetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Filarete for Biosciences and Innovation, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Civello
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Zanoni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department (DISFARM), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Marchesi
- Fondazione Filarete for Biosciences and Innovation, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Markus Paulmichl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maura Francolini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Filarete for Biosciences and Innovation, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliano Meyer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Rodighiero
- Fondazione Filarete for Biosciences and Innovation, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Pan JB, Ji N, Pan W, Hong R, Wang H, Ji ZL. High-throughput identification of off-targets for the mechanistic study of severe adverse drug reactions induced by analgesics. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 274:24-34. [PMID: 24176876 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Drugs may induce adverse drug reactions (ADRs) when they unexpectedly bind to proteins other than their therapeutic targets. Identification of these undesired protein binding partners, called off-targets, can facilitate toxicity assessment in the early stages of drug development. In this study, a computational framework was introduced for the exploration of idiosyncratic mechanisms underlying analgesic-induced severe adverse drug reactions (SADRs). The putative analgesic-target interactions were predicted by performing reverse docking of analgesics or their active metabolites against human/mammal protein structures in a high-throughput manner. Subsequently, bioinformatics analyses were undertaken to identify ADR-associated proteins (ADRAPs) and pathways. Using the pathways and ADRAPs that this analysis identified, the mechanisms of SADRs such as cardiac disorders were explored. For instance, 53 putative ADRAPs and 24 pathways were linked with cardiac disorders, of which 10 ADRAPs were confirmed by previous experiments. Moreover, it was inferred that pathways such as base excision repair, glycolysis/glyconeogenesis, ErbB signaling, calcium signaling, and phosphatidyl inositol signaling likely play pivotal roles in drug-induced cardiac disorders. In conclusion, our framework offers an opportunity to globally understand SADRs at the molecular level, which has been difficult to realize through experiments. It also provides some valuable clues for drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Pan
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Nan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Wen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Ru Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Zhi-Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
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Cheng L, Yung A, Covarrubias M, Radice GL. Cortactin is required for N-cadherin regulation of Kv1.5 channel function. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:20478-89. [PMID: 21507952 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.218560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disc serves as an organizing center for various cell surface components at the termini of the cardiomyocyte, thus ensuring proper mechanoelectrical coupling throughout the myocardium. The cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin, is an essential component of the intercalated disc. Cardiac-specific deletion of N-cadherin leads to abnormal electrical conduction and sudden arrhythmic death in mice. The mechanisms linking the loss of N-cadherin in the heart and spontaneous malignant ventricular arrhythmias are poorly understood. To investigate whether ion channel remodeling contributes to arrhythmogenesis in N-cadherin conditional knock-out (N-cad CKO) mice, cardiac myocyte excitability and voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv), as well as inwardly rectifying K(+) channel remodeling, were investigated in N-cad CKO cardiomyocytes by whole cell patch clamp recordings. Action potential duration was prolonged in N-cad CKO ventricle myocytes compared with wild type. Relative to wild type, I(K,slow) density was significantly reduced consistent with decreased expression of Kv1.5 and Kv accessory protein, Kcne2, in the N-cad CKO myocytes. The decreased Kv1.5/Kcne2 expression correlated with disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and reduced cortactin at the sarcolemma. Biochemical experiments revealed that cortactin co-immunoprecipitates with Kv1.5. Finally, cortactin was required for N-cadherin-mediated enhancement of Kv1.5 channel activity in a heterologous expression system. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanistic link among the cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin, the actin-binding scaffold protein, cortactin, and Kv channel remodeling in the heart. These data suggest that in addition to gap junction remodeling, aberrant Kv1.5 channel function contributes to the arrhythmogenic phenotype in N-cad CKO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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