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Cai Y, Yang Y, Chen X, Wu G, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yu J, Wang X, Fu J, Li C, Jose PA, Zeng C, Zhou L. Circulating 'lncRNA OTTHUMT00000387022' from monocytes as a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:714-724. [PMID: 26857419 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it remains to be established whether or not circulating lncRNAs can serve as biomarkers of CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a microarray-based lncRNA expression profiling, we found 86 lncRNAs that were differentially expressed in circulating peripheral blood monocytes and plasma from 15 CAD patients and 15 control subjects. After choosing a consistent criterion (average normalized intensity ≥7 with significance <0.005) and confirmed by quantitative PCR, only three lncRNAs (CoroMarker, BAT5, and IL21R-AS1) remained as candidate CAD biomarkers. Using the analysis of area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic in another pilot group and another larger cohort, CoroMarker was found to be the best candidate biomarker for CAD with an AUC of 0.920 and 95% confidence interval of 0.892-0.947. CoroMarker was independent from known CAD risk factors and other cardiovascular diseases. In a prospective study, we found that the sensitivity and specificity of CoroMarker were 76 and 92.5%, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed CoroMarker to be clustered with genes positively associated with signal transduction, transmembrane transport, synaptic transmission, and innate immunity and negatively associated with inflammation. These findings were validated in THP-1 cells; CoroMarker siRNA treatment decreased the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor α] in the culture medium. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that CoroMarker is a novel and specific biomarker of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Genze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yukai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jinjuan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chuanwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China .,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China .,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Plasma long non-coding RNA, CoroMarker, a novel biomarker for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015. [PMID: 26201019 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but whether circulating lncRNAs can serve as a coronary artery disease (CAD), biomarker is not known. The present study screened lncRNAs by microarray analysis in the plasma from CAD patients and control individuals and found that 265 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. To find specific lncRNAs as possible CAD biomarker candidates, we used the following criteria for 174 up-regulated lncRNAs: signal intensity ≥8, fold change >2.5 and P<0.005. According to these criteria, five intergenic lncRNAs were identified. After validation by quantitative PCR (qPCR), one lncRNA was excluded from the candidate list. The remaining four lncRNAs were independently validated in another population of 20 CAD patients and 20 control individuals. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that lncRNA AC100865.1 (referred to as CoroMarker) was the best of these lncRNAs. CoroMarker levels were also stable in plasma. The predictive value of CoroMarker was further assessed in a larger cohort with 221 CAD patients and 187 control individuals. Using a diagnostic model with Fisher's criteria, taking the risk factors into account, the optimal sensitivity of CoroMarker for CAD increased from 68.29% to 78.05%, whereas the specificity decreased slightly from 91.89% to 86.49%. CoroMarker was stable in plasma because it was mainly in the extracellular vesicles (EVs), probably from monocytes. We conclude that CoroMarker is a stable, sensitive and specific biomarker for CAD.
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