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Zhu J, Meganathan I, MacAruthur R, Kassiri Z. Inflammation in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: cause or co-morbidity? Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00926-7. [PMID: 39181326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.08.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a potentially deadly disease. It is chronic degeneration of the aortic wall that involves an inflammatory response and the immune system, aberrant remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and maladaptive transformation of the aortic cells. This review article focuses on the role of the inflammatory cells in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Studies in human aneurysmal specimens and animal models have identified various inflammatory cell types that could contribute to aneurysm formation and or expansion. These include the commonly studied leukocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) as well as the less commonly explored natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T- and B-cells. Despite the well-demonstrated contribution of inflammatory cells and the related signaling pathways to aneurysm development and expansion, anti-inflammatory therapy approaches have demonstrated limitations and may require additional considerations, such as a combinational approach in targeting multiple pathways for significant beneficial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechun Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ilamaran Meganathan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Roderick MacAruthur
- Department of Cardiac surgery, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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2
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Tang Z, Gao S, Shi X, He L. Knowledge mapping of macrophage and its role in aneurysm from 1999 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35212. [PMID: 39166074 PMCID: PMC11334850 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Various factors play crucial roles in aneurysm development and prognosis. Macrophages have recently emerged as a major research focus. Despite the numerous studies on the role and function of macrophages in aneurysm pathogenesis, no bibliometric analyses have focused on this topic. Objective This study aimed to analyze articles related to macrophages and aneurysms to reveal trends, hotspots, and new frontiers in macrophage-related aneurysm research. Methods We retrieved and incorporated 1211 articles from the Science Citation Index Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection between 1999 and 2022. The data were analyzed and visualized using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, and Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to plot the data. Results The most influential articles were published between 1999 and 2022, with a total citation count of 43870. This study encompassed a comprehensive analysis of 74 research directions. The year with the highest number of publications was 2021 when 109 articles were published. 'ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY' journal has made significant contributions by publishing the highest number of articles (99 articles), while funding support primarily came from the National Institutes of Health and United States Department of Health and Human Services. The United States exerted a substantial influence within this field, with a total publication count of 453 publications and the highest centrality value (0.63). Recent studies have focused on understanding the developmental processes underlying aneurysms and devising preventive measures to effectively impede disease progression. Conclusions Our analysis demonstrates the rapid growth in research exploring the relationship between macrophages and aneurysms over the past two decades. Continued exploration and collaboration among different specialties and manufacturers will facilitate innovative approaches for effective management strategies that target patients with diverse forms of aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Center Of Clinical Trial and Research, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lile He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Lin Z, Zhao M, Zhang X, Piao J, Zheng X, Shu S, Zhao L, Zhang M, Shi GP, Lei Y, Cui R, Yue X, Cheng XW. CD8+ T-cell deficiency protects mice from abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in response to calcium chloride2. J Hypertens 2024:00004872-990000000-00520. [PMID: 39146540 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an aneurysm-like dilated and highly fatal cardiovascular disease. CD8+ T cells have been shown to be critical for vascular pathological processes, but the contribution of these lymphocytes to vascular diseases remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight-week-old male wildtype (CD8+/+) and Cd8a knockout (CD8-/-) mice were used in a calcium chloride2 (CaCl2)-induced experimental AAA model. At 6 weeks after surgery, CD8+ T-cell deletion prevented the formation of AAA, accompanied by reductions of the levels of inflammatory (interferon-γ [IFN-γ], interleukin-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, NOD-like receptor protein 3, caspase-1), oxidative stress [NADPH oxidase and gp91phox], and proteolysis (cathepsin S, cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase-2 [MMP-2] and MMP-9) proteins and/or genes in plasma and/or AAA tissues. Immunoreactivities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed in macrophages. An injection of IFN-γ and adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells of IFN-γ+/+ mice diminished CD8-/--mediated vasculoprotective actions in the AAA mice. In vitro, IFN-γ enhanced MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinolytic activities in macrophage and/or vascular smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION The vasculoprotective effects of CD8+ T-cell deletion in a mouse CaCl2-induced AAA model were likely attributable to, at least in part, the attenuation of IFN-γ-dependent inflammation action, oxidative stress production, and proteolysis, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for AAA formation by regulating CD8+ T-cell-derived IFN-γ secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui
| | - Jinshun Piao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Xintong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Shangzhi Shu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin PR, China
| | - Longguo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Meiping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Rihua Cui
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
| | - Xueling Yue
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
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Cai D, Chen SY. ADAR1 Is Essential for Smooth Muscle Homeostasis and Vascular Integrity. Cells 2024; 13:1257. [PMID: 39120288 PMCID: PMC11311430 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a critical role in maintaining vascular integrity. VSMC dysfunction leads to numerous vascular diseases. Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1), an RNA editing enzyme, has shown both RNA editing and non-editing functions. Global deletion of ADAR1 causes embryonic lethality, but the phenotype of homozygous ADAR1 deletion specifically in SMCs (ADAR1sm-/-) remains to be determined. By crossing ADAR1fl/fl mice with Myh11-CreERT2 mice followed by Tamoxifen induction, we found that ADAR1sm-/- leads to lethality in adult mice 14 days after the induction. Gross examination revealed extensive hemorrhage and detrimental vascular damage in different organs. Histological analyses revealed destruction of artery structural integrity with detachment of elastin laminae from VSMCs in ADAR1sm-/- aortas. Furthermore, ADAR1sm-/- resulted in severe VSMC apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. RNA sequencing analyses of ADAR1sm-/- aorta segments demonstrated profound transcriptional alteration of genes impacting vascular health including a decrease in fibrillin-1 expression. More importantly, ADAR1sm-/- disrupts the elastin and fibrillin-1 interaction, a molecular event essential for artery structure. Our results indicate that ADAR1 plays a critical role in maintaining SMC survival and vascular stability and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunpeng Cai
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
- The Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Barkhordarian M, Tran HHV, Menon A, Pulipaka SP, Aguilar IK, Fuertes A, Dey S, Chacko AA, Sethi T, Bangolo A, Weissman S. Innovation in pathogenesis and management of aortic aneurysm. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:91408. [PMID: 38948412 PMCID: PMC11212750 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i2.91408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) refers to the persistent dilatation of the aorta, exceeding three centimeters. Investigating the pathophysiology of this condition is important for its prevention and management, given its responsibility for more than 25000 deaths in the United States. AAs are classified based on their location or morphology. various pathophysiologic pathways including inflammation, the immune system and atherosclerosis have been implicated in its development. Inflammatory markers such as transforming growth factor β, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and many more may contribute to this phenomenon. Several genetic disorders such as Marfan syndrome, Ehler-Danlos syndrome and Loeys-Dietz syndrome have also been associated with this disease. Recent years has seen the investigation of novel management of AA, exploring the implication of different immune suppressors, the role of radiation in shrinkage and prevention, as well as minimally invasive and newly hypothesized surgical methods. In this narrative review, we aim to present the new contributing factors involved in pathophysiology of AA. We also highlighted the novel management methods that have demonstrated promising benefits in clinical outcomes of the AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Barkhordarian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Aiswarya Menon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Sai Priyanka Pulipaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Izage Kianifar Aguilar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Axel Fuertes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Shraboni Dey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Angel Ann Chacko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Tanni Sethi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Ayrton Bangolo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
| | - Simcha Weissman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, United States
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Chen R, Zhang H, Tang B, Luo Y, Yang Y, Zhong X, Chen S, Xu X, Huang S, Liu C. Macrophages in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:130. [PMID: 38816371 PMCID: PMC11139930 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune response holds a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease development. As multifunctional cells of the innate immune system, macrophages play an essential role in initial inflammatory response that occurs following cardiovascular injury, thereby inducing subsequent damage while also facilitating recovery. Meanwhile, the diverse phenotypes and phenotypic alterations of macrophages strongly associate with distinct types and severity of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, valvular disease, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, atherosclerosis and aneurysm, which underscores the importance of investigating macrophage regulatory mechanisms within the context of specific diseases. Besides, recent strides in single-cell sequencing technologies have revealed macrophage heterogeneity, cell-cell interactions, and downstream mechanisms of therapeutic targets at a higher resolution, which brings new perspectives into macrophage-mediated mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases. Remarkably, myocardial fibrosis, a prevalent characteristic in most cardiac diseases, remains a formidable clinical challenge, necessitating a profound investigation into the impact of macrophages on myocardial fibrosis within the context of cardiac diseases. In this review, we systematically summarize the diverse phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages in regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases and unprecedented insights introduced by single-cell sequencing technologies, with a focus on different causes and characteristics of diseases, especially the relationship between inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac diseases (myocardial infarction, pressure overload, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cardiac aging) and the relationship between inflammation and vascular injury in vascular diseases (atherosclerosis and aneurysm). Finally, we also highlight the preclinical/clinical macrophage targeting strategies and translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Botao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Sifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Shengkang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Canzhao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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7
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Zhang K, Li R, Matniyaz Y, Yu R, Pan J, Liu W, Wang D. Liraglutide attenuates angiotensin II-induced aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm via inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization in APOE -/- mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116170. [PMID: 38548245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection (AAD) are severe cardiovascular conditions with potentially lethal consequences such as aortic rupture. Existing studies suggest that liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, offers protective benefits across various cardiovascular diseases. However, the efficacy of liraglutide in mitigating AAD development is yet to be definitively elucidated. METHODS Ang II (Angiotension II) infusion of APOE-/- mouse model with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (200 μg/kg) to study the role of GLP-1R in AAD formation. Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages (BMDM) and Raw264.7 were incubated with LPS, liraglutide, exendin 9-39 or LY294002 alone or in combination. SMC phenotype switching was examined in a macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) co-culture system. An array of analytical methods, including Western Blot, Immunofluorescence Staining, Enzyme-LinkedImmunosorbent Assay, Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA-seq, and so on were employed. RESULTS Our investigation revealed a significant increase in M1 macrophage polarization and GLP-1R expression in aortas of AD patients and Ang II-induced AAD APOE-/- mice. Administering liraglutide in APOE-/- mice notably reduced Ang II-induced AAD incidence and mortality. It was found that liraglutide inhibits M1 macrophage polarization primarily via GLP-1R activation, and subsequently modulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching was the primary mechanism. RNA-Seq and subsequent KEGG enrichment analysis identified CXCL3, regulated by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, as a key element in liraglutide's modulation of M1 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION Our study found liraglutide exhibits protective effects against AAD by modulating M1 macrophage polarization, suppressing CXCL3 expression through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This makes it a promising therapeutic target for AAD, offering a new avenue in AAD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyin Zhang
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruisha Li
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yusanjan Matniyaz
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ronghuang Yu
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenxue Liu
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - DongJin Wang
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Vascular Disease, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Jiao Y, Xu Y, Liu C, Miao R, Liu C, Wang Y, Liu J. The role of ADAR1 through and beyond its editing activity in cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:42. [PMID: 38233935 PMCID: PMC10795376 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing of RNA, catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes, is a prevalent RNA modification in mammals. It has been shown that A-to-I editing plays a critical role in multiple diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, neurological disorder, and particularly cancer. ADARs are the family of enzymes, including ADAR1, ADAR2, and ADAR3, that catalyze the occurrence of A-to-I editing. Notably, A-to-I editing is mainly catalyzed by ADAR1. Given the significance of A-to-I editing in disease development, it is important to unravel the complex roles of ADAR1 in cancer for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.In this review, we briefly describe the progress of research on A-to-I editing and ADARs in cancer, mainly focusing on the role of ADAR1 in cancer from both editing-dependent and independent perspectives. In addition, we also summarized the factors affecting the expression and editing activity of ADAR1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yuqin Xu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Chengbin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Rui Miao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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9
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Wang L, Duan C, Wu X, Xie J, Zhao X, Si Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Zhao P, Chen J, Yin W, Li J. ADAR1 regulates macrophage polarization and is protective against liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152777. [PMID: 38113710 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a major risk for the poor prognosis of patients receiving liver transplantation. The molecular mechanism involved in LIRI is complex and related to various cellular components. We previously reported that adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) alleviated the allogeneic skin graft rejection by regulating macrophage polarization. However, the regulatory effects of ADAR1 on liver macrophages after LIRI remain largely unknown. In this study, we mainly adopted a mouse model of LIRI and cellular experiments with hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR) treatment to explore the regulatory roles of ADAR1 on liver macrophages under LIRI conditions. We found that IRI caused decreased ADAR1 in liver tissues and remarkable changes of liver macrophage polarization and profiles. ADAR1 supplementation alleviated the pathological injury caused by IRI and accelerated the activation of M2 macrophages in the liver of IRI mice. Increased hypoxia duration reduced ADAR1 expression levels in murine RAW264.7 macrophages at the transcriptional level. Further overexpression of ADAR1 significantly increased the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines and promoted M2 polarization of macrophages under HR exposure. ADAR1 knockdown exhibited opposite effects on macrophage polarization. Hence, ADAR1 promotes the M2 polarization of liver macrophages that may further alleviate LIRI. The protective effects of ADAR1 against LIRI provide a novel insight into the prevention and treatment of LIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Duan
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuhua Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Clinical Care Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangang Xie
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Si
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jijun Chen
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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10
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Li S, Li J, Cheng W, He W, Dai SS. Independent and Interactive Roles of Immunity and Metabolism in Aortic Dissection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15908. [PMID: 37958896 PMCID: PMC10647240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers the lives of patients. The mortality rate of this disease is high, and the incidence is increasing annually, but the pathogenesis of AD is complicated. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that immune cell infiltration in the media and adventitia of the aorta is a novel hallmark of AD. These cells contribute to changes in the immune microenvironment, which can affect their own metabolism and that of parenchymal cells in the aortic wall, which are essential factors that induce degeneration and remodeling of the vascular wall and play important roles in the formation and development of AD. Accordingly, this review focuses on the independent and interactive roles of immunity and metabolism in AD to provide further insights into the pathogenesis, novel ideas for diagnosis and new strategies for treatment or early prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Dai
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Gojani EG, Wang B, Li DP, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Minor Cannabinoids CBC, THCV, and CBN in Human Macrophages. Molecules 2023; 28:6487. [PMID: 37764262 PMCID: PMC10534668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural response of the body to signals of tissue damage or infection caused by pathogens. However, when it becomes imbalanced, it can lead to various disorders such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, neurological conditions, and diabetes. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a regulatory role in different organs and influences functions such as food intake, pain perception, stress response, glucose tolerance, inflammation, cell growth and specialization, and metabolism. Phytocannabinoids derived from Cannabis sativa can interact with this system and affect its functioning. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of three minor phytocannabinoids including tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabichromene (CBC), and cannabinol (CBN) using an in vitro system. We pre-treated THP-1 macrophages with different doses of phytocannabinoids or vehicle for one hour, followed by treating the cells with 500 ng/mL of LPS or leaving them untreated for three hours. To induce the second phase of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, LPS-treated cells were further treated with 5 mM ATP for 30 min. Our findings suggest that the mitigation of the PANX1/P2X7 axis plays a significant role in the anti-inflammatory effects of THCV and CBC on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Additionally, we observed that CBC and THCV could also downregulate the IL-6/TYK-2/STAT-3 pathway. Furthermore, we discovered that CBN may exert its inhibitory impact on the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome by reducing PANX1 cleavage. Interestingly, we also found that the elevated ADAR1 transcript responded negatively to THCV and CBC in LPS-macrophages, indicating a potential involvement of ADAR1 in the anti-inflammatory effects of these two phytocannabinoids. THCV and CBN inhibit P-NF-κB, downregulating proinflammatory gene transcription. In summary, THCV, CBC, and CBN exert anti-inflammatory effects by influencing different stages of gene expression: transcription, post-transcriptional regulation, translation, and post-translational regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.); (B.W.); (D.-P.L.)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.); (B.W.); (D.-P.L.)
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12
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Lu D, Lu J, Liu Q, Zhang Q. Emerging role of the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 in stem cell fate and function. Biomark Res 2023; 11:61. [PMID: 37280687 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are critical for organism development and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Recent studies focusing on RNA editing have indicated how this mark controls stem cell fate and function in both normal and malignant states. RNA editing is mainly mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1). The RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 converts adenosine in a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) substrate into inosine. ADAR1 is a multifunctional protein that regulate physiological processes including embryonic development, cell differentiation, and immune regulation, and even apply to the development of gene editing technologies. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of ADAR1 with a focus on how it can mediate distinct functions in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Targeting ADAR1 has emerged as a potential novel therapeutic strategy in both normal and dysregulated stem cell contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- The Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jianxi Lu
- The Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- The Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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