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Nagaraja V, Kapadia SR. Transcatheter Mitral Annuloplasty: Carillon Device. Interv Cardiol Clin 2024; 13:249-255. [PMID: 38432767 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a common valvular heart disease in the geriatric population across the United States. This patient cohort is multimorbid and often has a prohibitive risk for conventional open-heart surgery. The diverse anatomic pathology of FMR is a complex problem and unfortunately does not have a universal solution. Carillon Mitral Contour System (Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, WA, USA) is a new device that provides transcatheter annular remodeling. In this review article, the authors summarize the evidence for the Carillon Mitral Contour System for FMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Nagaraja
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Samir R Kapadia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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2
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Yildiz M, Haude M, Sievert H, Fichtlscherer S, Lehmann R, Klein N, Witte K, Degen H, Pfeiffer D, Goldberg SL. The CINCH-FMR postmarket registry: Real-world long-term outcomes with percutaneous mitral valve repair with the Carillon Mitral Contour System®. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2024; 60:35-40. [PMID: 37838620 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Carillon® Mitral Contour System® has been studied in 4 prospective controlled studies in the treatment of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) where it has been found to reduce mitral regurgitation, reduce left ventricular and atrial volumes, and be associated with improvements in clinical parameters. AIMS The CINCH post-market registry is designed to evaluate immediate, mid-term and long-term outcomes from a post-approval study of the Carillon® device evaluated in real-world practice. METHODS The CINCH post-market registry is a single-arm study of percutaneous mitral annuloplasty with the Carillon device in patients with functional (secondary) mitral regurgitation and symptomatic congestive heart failure when utilized in real-world conditions. Patient selection, echocardiographic hemodynamic measurements, and patient follow-up requirements were performed per standard of care at each institution. RESULTS A total of 101 patients treated with the Carillon device at 13 sites in Germany were enrolled in the CINCH registry. The mean age was 75 ± 9 years, 57 % were male, and patient presentation included primarily NYHA class III (69 %) with MR grade 3 (68 %). Over 5 years of follow-up, all-cause mortality was 40.1 %, the incidence of HFH was 53.9 %, and the composite outcome of HFH or death was 66.4 %. At each follow-up interval through 5 years, statistically significant reductions in NYHA class (p < 0.05) and MR grade (p < 0.01) were reported. CONCLUSIONS In this "real world" registry of the Carillon Mitral Contour System, procedural safety and medium-term follow-up outcomes is similar to the outcomes seen in the prospective, controlled clinical trials, despite being used in populations of patients that extend outside of those studied in the trials. The use of this therapy in patients with atrial functional mitral regurgitation, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, was notable, since these types of patients were excluded from the prospective, controlled trials. This supports possible additional patient populations who might benefit from this type of mechanical therapy. The safety profile of this therapy in this registry and in the earlier trials may support a potential role in earlier forms of secondary mitral regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ralf Lehmann
- Universitätsklinik Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; UMM Universitätsklinik Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Klein
- Universitätsklinik Leipzig AöR, Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig Klinikum St. Georg, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Witte
- Universitätsklinik Aachen AöR, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Steven L Goldberg
- Private practice, Monterey, CA, United States of America; Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, WA, United States of America.
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Yokoyama H, Ruf TF, Gößler TAM, Geyer M, Zirbs J, Schwidtal BL, Münzel T, von Bardeleben RS. Outcomes of COMBO therapy for severe mitral regurgitation compared with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1223588. [PMID: 38468721 PMCID: PMC10925764 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1223588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are different types of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) currently in clinical use, including leaflet approximation, annular cinching, and restoration of the chordal apparatus of the mitral valve (MV). While the concomitant combination (COMBO) therapy of mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) with another TMVr concept has been proven feasible, potentially offering patient-tailored treatment for severe mitral regurgitation (MR), a comparison with M-TEER alone has not been made. Aims To evaluate the procedural and clinical outcome of COMBO therapies compared with M-TEER alone. Methods We included consecutive patients undergoing COMBO and M-TEER between March 2015 and April 2018 at our Heart Valve Center, while excluding patients presenting a case of redo or with previous MV surgery. Procedural outcomes and all-cause mortality were compared between COMBO therapy vs. M-TEER alone. Results A total of 357 patients (mean age 78.9 ± 7.0 years, 53.2% male, M-TEER n = 322, COMBO n = 35; COMBO: MitraClip and the Carillon mitral contour system n = 26, MitraClip and Cardioband n = 5, and MitraClip and NeoChord n = 4) were analyzed. Patients with COMBO therapy had larger left chamber sizes, a lower left ventricular systolic ejection fraction (LVEF; COMBO: 37.4 ± 13.8%, M-TEER: 47.9 ± 14.3%, p < 0.001), and a more severe MR grade (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of residual MR ≧2+. However, the need for re-intervention, always employing M-TEER, was more common in the COMBO group. During a mean 3.6-year long-term follow-up, there was no significant difference of all-cause mortality between both groups (Log rank p = 0.921). Conclusions COMBO therapy may still be a beneficial therapy option for patients with severe MR who already have a more dilated left ventricle (LV), a more severe MR, and a more pronounced LV systolic dysfunction. The higher need for re-intervention in the COMBO group may signal more complex anatomies and possibly underlines the necessity of treating significant MR earlier. Future research is required to establish the COMBO approach as a toolbox-like treatment option, thus offering a patient-tailored approach depending on the individual anatomy and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiology and Catheterization Laboratories, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Friedrich Ruf
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theresa Ann Maria Gößler
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Geyer
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Zirbs
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ben Luca Schwidtal
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralph Stephan von Bardeleben
- Heart Valve Center, Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Challa AB, Negm AS, Mahayni AA, Wamil M, Williamson E, Guerrero M, Weishaar P, Collins JD. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: Treatment Planning With Computed Tomography. Semin Roentgenol 2024; 59:67-75. [PMID: 38388098 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Bhavana Challa
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ahmed S Negm
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Malgorzata Wamil
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London, UK
| | - Eric Williamson
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mayra Guerrero
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Paul Weishaar
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeremy D Collins
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Kałmucki P, Lipiecki J, Witte KK, Goldberg SL, Baszko A, Siminiak T. Percutaneous mitral annuloplasty with the Carillon device: Outcomes in proportionate and disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation. Am Heart J 2023; 265:137-142. [PMID: 37516263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that the disparity of outcomes between the studies of transcutaneous edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) could be due to systematic differences in the populations studied. One proposal is that there are 2 broad groups: those with proportional FMR who respond less favorably, and those in whom the FMR is greater than expected (disproportionate) FMR where edge-to-edge TEER seems to be more effective. Whether this grouping is relevant for other percutaneous interventions for FMR is unknown. OBJECTIVES We sought to compare clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of patients with HFrEF and proportionate and disproportionate FMR treated with indirect annuloplasty using the Carillon device. METHODS This is a pooled analysis from 3 trials of patients with FMR. Key patient eligibility in these trials specified persistent grade 2+ to 4+ FMR with >5.5 cm left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and reduced ejection fraction. Patients with an effective regurgitant orifice area/LV end-diastolic volume (EROA/LVEDV) ratio under 0.15 were assigned to the proportionate FMR group (n = 74;65%) and those with a ratio above 0.15 were classed as having disproportionate FMR (n = 39;35%). RESULTS At 12 months following treatment, both groups showed improvements in all MR variables including regurgitation volume, EROA and vena contracta. Moreover, in patients with proportionate MR there were clinically relevant and statistically significant improvements in LV volumes and diameters. There was no independent relationship between the degree of proportionality as a continuous variable and the remodeling response to Carillon therapy (change in LVEDV r = 0.17; change in LVESV r = 0.14). CONCLUSION Percutaneous mitral annuloplasty with the Carillon device reduces MR in patients with both proportionate and disproportionate FMR, and also results in LV reverse remodeling in those with proportionate FMR. The effect on remodeling remains to be verified in a large-scale trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kałmucki
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, HCP Medical Center, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Steven L Goldberg
- Tyler Heart Institute at Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Monterey, CA; Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, WA
| | - Artur Baszko
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, HCP Medical Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Siminiak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, HCP Medical Center, Poznan, Poland.
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Shekhar S, Kansara T, Morozowich ST, Mohananey D, Agrawal A, Narasimhan S, Nelson JA, Ramakrishna H. Renal Outcomes Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair - Analysis of COAPT Trial Data. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:2119-2124. [PMID: 37210324 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of valvular heart disease in the United States has been estimated at 4.2-to-5.6 million, with mitral regurgitation (MR) being the most common lesion. Significant MR is associated with heart failure (HF) and death if left untreated. When HF is present, renal dysfunction (RD) is common and is associated with worse outcomes (ie, it is a marker of HF disease progression). Additionally, a complex interplay exists in patients with HF who also have MR, as this combination further impairs renal function, and the presence of RD further worsens prognosis and often limits guideline-directed management and therapy (GDMT). This has important implications in secondary MR because GDMT is the standard of care. However, with the development of minimally invasive transcatheter mitral valve repair, mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has become a new treatment option for secondary MR that is now incorporated into current guidelines published in 2020 that listed mitral TEER as a class 2a recommendation (moderate recommendation with benefit >> risk) as an addition to GDMT in a subset of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. The Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation (COAPT) trial, which demonstrated favorable outcomes in secondary MR by adding mitral TEER to GDMT versus GDMT alone, was the evidence base for these guidelines. Considering these guidelines and the understanding that concomitant RD often limits GDMT in secondary MR, there is emerging research studying the renal outcomes from the COAPT trial. This review analyzes this evidence, which could further influence current decision-making and future guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tikal Kansara
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Union Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Steven T Morozowich
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Divyanshu Mohananey
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ankit Agrawal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - James A Nelson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Reed GW, Kapadia SR. Residual Mitral Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: An Important Target for Intervention. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031400. [PMID: 37646206 PMCID: PMC10547333 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grant W. Reed
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Samir R. Kapadia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
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Cocchieri R, van de Wetering B, Baan J, Driessen A, Riezebos R, van Tuijl S, de Mol B. The evolution of technical prerequisites and local boundary conditions for optimization of mitral valve interventions-Emphasis on skills development and institutional risk performance. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1101337. [PMID: 37547244 PMCID: PMC10402900 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This viewpoint report describes how the evolution of transcatheter mitral valve intervention (TMVI) is influenced by lessons learned from three evolutionary tracks: (1) the development of treatment from mitral valve surgery (MVS) to transcutaneous procedures; (2) the evolution of biomedical engineering for research and development resulting in predictable and safe clinical use; (3) the adaptation to local conditions, impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) experience and creation of infrastructure for skills development and risk management. Thanks to developments in computer science and biostatistics, an increasing number of reports regarding clinical safety and effectiveness is generated. A full toolbox of techniques, devices and support technology is now available, especially in surgery. There is no doubt that the injury associated with a minimally invasive access reduces perioperative risks, but it may affect the effectiveness of the treatment due to incomplete correction. Based on literature, solutions and performance standards are formulated with an emphasis in technology and positive outcome. Despite references to Heart Team decision making, boundary conditions such as hospital infrastructure, caseload, skills training and perioperative risk management remain underexposed. The role of Biomedical Engineering is exclusively defined by the Research and Development (R&D) cycle including the impact of human factor engineering (HFE). Feasibility studies generate estimations of strengths and safety limitations. Usability testing reveals user friendliness and safety margins of clinical use. Apart from a certification requirement, this information should have an impact on the definition of necessary skills levels and consequent required training. Physicians Preference Testing (PPT) and use of a biosimulator are recommended. The example of the interaction between two Amsterdam heart centers describes the evolution of a professional ecosystem that can facilitate innovation. Adaptation to local conditions in terms of infrastructure, referrals and reimbursement, appears essential for the evolution of a complete mitral valve disease management program. Efficacy of institutional risk management performance (IRMP) and sufficient team skills should be embedded in an appropriate infrastructure that enables scale and offers complete and safe solutions for mitral valve disease. The longstanding evolution of mitral valve therapies is the result of working devices embedded in an ecosystem focused on developing skills and effective risk management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan Baan
- Amsterdam University Center, Technical University Eindhoven, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Antoine Driessen
- Amsterdam University Center, Technical University Eindhoven, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bas de Mol
- LifeTec Group BV, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Center, Technical University Eindhoven, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Cammalleri V, Antonelli G, De Luca VM, Carpenito M, Nusca A, Bono MC, Mega S, Ussia GP, Grigioni F. Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093316. [PMID: 37176756 PMCID: PMC10178924 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cammalleri
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Antonelli
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria De Luca
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Myriam Carpenito
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nusca
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Bono
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Mega
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ussia
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Research Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Università e Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
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10
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Lin F, Wang Q, Meng L, Liang Y, Kong X, Wei K, Zhang Q, Gu X. Cardiac computed tomography based analysis of mitral annulus, coronary sinus and left circumflex artery in patients with mitral regurgitation: Implications for transcatheter mitral annuloplasty techniques. Int J Cardiol 2023; 375:57-65. [PMID: 36681246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CT imaging analysis of mitral annulus (MA), coronary sinus (CS) and left circumflex artery (LCX) is critical to transcatheter mitral annuloplasty (TMA), which, however, is scantly reported. We aimed to comprehensively assess MA, CS and LCX anatomy and geometry in mitral regurgitation (MR) based on 3-D reconstruction of cardiac CT images. METHODS Patients with primary or secondary MR and patients without MR were recruited and underwent cardiac CT examination. MR severity was evaluated by echocardiography. 3-D reconstruction of cardiac CT images was done by the Mimics Research 21.0 software. A MA-centered two dimensional coordinate system, a CS plane, a MA plane and a series of auxiliary planes along the posterior MA were created for the measurement of parameters defining MA, CS and LCX anatomy and geometry during the cardiac cycle. RESULTS The secondary MR group had a significantly higher MA perimeter index than the other two groups during the cardiac cycle. The CS diameters at most sites, and the posterior MA radian were substantially greater in the two MR groups. Distances between the CS and MA at some locations were significant different among the three groups. The secondary MR group had a significantly smaller CS-MA plane angle than the other two groups during systole, and than control group during diastole. The site where the CS crossed LCX was pinpointed. CONCLUSION The comprehensive information from this study may help improve the results of TMA and enhance the design of devices for a better annuloplasty effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushun Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lingwei Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yongfeng Liang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiangjin Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kaiming Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qiuwang Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Xinghua Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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11
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Tang R, Chang Y, Song J. Advances in novel devices for the treatment of heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2023; 28:331-345. [PMID: 36792818 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of global health impairment. Current drugs are still limited in their effectiveness in the treatment and reversal of HF: for example, drugs for acute HF (AHF) help to reduce congestion and relieve symptoms, but they do little to improve survival; most conventional drugs for HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) do not improve the prognosis; and drugs have extremely limited effects on advanced HF. In recent years, progress in device therapies has bridged this gap to a certain extent. For example, the availability of the left ventricular assist device has brought new options to numerous advanced HF patients. In addition to this recognizable device, a range of promising novel devices with preclinical or clinical trial results are emerging that seek to treat or reverse HF by providing circulatory support, repairing structural abnormalities in the heart, or providing electrical stimulation. These devices may be useful for the treatment of HF. In this review, we summarized recent advances in novel devices for AHF, HFpEF, and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with the aim of providing a reference for clinical treatment and inspiration for novel device development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Tang
- The Cardiomyopathy Research Group at Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- The Cardiomyopathy Research Group at Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- The Cardiomyopathy Research Group at Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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Galili L, Weissmann J, White Zeira A, Marom G. Numerical modeling for efficiency and endurance assessment of an indirect mitral annuloplasty device. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 136:105516. [PMID: 36215769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several transcatheter systems have been introduced for treatment of common mitral regurgitation (MR). Such a system that is based on indirect mitral annuloplasty (IMA) is currently indicated for functional MR. Very few clinical studies have been performed to assess the efficiency and durability of such devices, despite their high risk of fracture resulting from ongoing exposure to large cyclic deformations. In this study, numerical models of moderate primary MR were created to test the implantation procedure of a customized IMA device and its sealing efficiency. The ability of the implanted device to reduce systolic leakage was evaluated and affirmed with a model of a more generic device. The long-term durability of the device was tested using a range of Nickel Titanium material properties. Our results demonstrated a considerable reduction in leakage for both the simplified generic device and the more detailed customized device models. The device met different fatigue criteria, confirming its resiliency and safety even after 10 years, even under the harsher conditions of primary MR. This is the first study to assess the performance and fatigue risk of IMA devices for the treatment of more complicated MR conditions. These findings may pave the way for further research to ultimately consider the device in selective cases of PMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Galili
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jonathan Weissmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi White Zeira
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Marom
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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13
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Basman C, Johnson J, Pirelli L, Patel NC, Reimers C, Singh VP, Scheinerman SJ, Kliger CA. Mitral Regurgitation in the High-Risk Patient: Integrating an Expanding Armamentarium of Transcatheter Devices Into the Treatment Algorithm. Cardiol Rev 2022; 30:299-307. [PMID: 34380944 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, multiple transcatheter mitral valve repair and replacement strategies have emerged, yet there is only 1 US Food and Drug Administration approved device, the MitraClip (Abbott Vascular, Inc., Santa Clara, CA). Current guidelines support the use of the MitraClip in high or prohibitive surgical risk patients, but there are many patients that are not anatomically suited for the device. This review article discusses the approach to degenerative and functional mitral regurgitation in the high-prohibitive risk patient, how to choose transcatheter treatment options (both approved and investigational), and potential management for therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Basman
- From the Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, New York, NY
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14
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Transcatheter Coronary Sinus Interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 15:1397-1412. [PMID: 35863788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2022.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The coronary sinus has become a popular route for an increasing number of innovative transcatheter interventions to treat coronary and structural heart diseases. However, interventional cardiologists have limited experience with the cardiac venous system and its highly variable anatomy. In this paper, we review the anatomy of the cardiac veins as it relates to transcatheter interventions. We also provide a contemporary overview of the emerging coronary sinus-based transcatheter therapies and their growing literature.
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15
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Xiling Z, Puehler T, Sondergaard L, Frank D, Seoudy H, Mohammad B, Müller OJ, Sellers S, Meier D, Sathananthan J, Lutter G. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair or Replacement: Competitive or Complementary? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123377. [PMID: 35743448 PMCID: PMC9225133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, transcatheter devices have been developed to repair or replace diseased mitral valves (MV). Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) devices have been proven to be efficient and safe, but many anatomical structures are not compatible with these technologies. The most significant advantage of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) over transcatheter repair is the greater and more reliable reduction in mitral regurgitation. However, there are also potential disadvantages. This review introduces the newest TMVr and TMVR devices and presents clinical trial data to identify current challenges and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Xiling
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Z.X.); (T.P.); (B.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (D.F.); (O.J.M.)
| | - Thomas Puehler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Z.X.); (T.P.); (B.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (D.F.); (O.J.M.)
| | - Lars Sondergaard
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Derk Frank
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (D.F.); (O.J.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Critical Care), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Hatim Seoudy
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Critical Care), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Baland Mohammad
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Z.X.); (T.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (D.F.); (O.J.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology, and Critical Care), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Stephanie Sellers
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, St Paul’s and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; (S.S.); (D.M.); (J.S.)
- Cardiovascular Translational Laboratory, St Paul’s Hospital & Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - David Meier
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, St Paul’s and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; (S.S.); (D.M.); (J.S.)
- Cardiovascular Translational Laboratory, St Paul’s Hospital & Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Janarthanan Sathananthan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, St Paul’s and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; (S.S.); (D.M.); (J.S.)
- Cardiovascular Translational Laboratory, St Paul’s Hospital & Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Georg Lutter
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Z.X.); (T.P.); (B.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (D.F.); (O.J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)43150022031; Fax: +49-(0)043150022048
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16
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Bruoha S, Assafin M, Ho E, Tang GH, Latib A. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair. Interv Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119697367.ch64.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Transcatheter Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102921. [PMID: 35629048 PMCID: PMC9146624 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitral valve disease, and in particular mitral regurgitation, is a common clinical entity. Until recently, surgical repair and replacement were the only therapeutic options available, leaving many patients untreated mostly due to excessive surgical risk. Over the last number of years, huge strides have been made regarding percutaneous, catheter-based solutions for mitral valve disease. Transcatheter repair procedures have most commonly been used, and in recent years there has been exponential growth in the number of devices available for transcatheter mitral valve replacement. Furthermore, the evolution of these devices has resulted in both smaller delivery systems and a shift towards transeptal access, negating the need for surgical incisions. In line with these advancements, and clinical trials demonstrating promising outcomes in carefully selected cases, recent guidelines have strengthened their recommendations for these devices. It is appropriate, therefore, to now review the current transcatheter repair and replacement devices available and the evidence for their use.
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18
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Khatib D, Neuburger PJ, Pan S, Rong LQ. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions for Mitral Regurgitation: A review of mitral annuloplasty, valve replacement, and chordal repair devices. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 36:3887-3903. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Tolunay H, Yasar S, Asil S, Yildirim E, Yasar AS, Celik M, Yuksel UC, Barcin C. Prognostic Value of Nutritional Indexes in Evaluating the 1-Year Results after Implantation of the Carillon Mitral Contour System. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2022; 38:362-372. [PMID: 35673339 PMCID: PMC9121758 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202205_38(3).20211222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic importance of nutritional indexes has been shown in some diseases. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of these indexes in patients implanted with the Carillon Mitral Contour System (CMCS). METHODS Fifty-four patients who underwent successful CMCS implantation were evaluated. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) scores were calculated. The relationships between these indexes and 1-year clinical outcomes including all-cause mortality and re-hospitalization due to heart failure were investigated. RESULTS In Kaplan-Meier analysis, 1-year all-cause mortality rates were significantly higher in the patients with low PNI and GNRI and high CONUT scores (52.0% vs. 0%, p < 0.001; 54.2% vs. 0%, p < 0.001; 52.4%, 6.1%, p < 0.001; respectively). For the composite endpoint, a significant difference was observed between those below and above the cut-off values (70.0% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001; 75.0% vs. 23.3%, p < 0.001; 66.7% vs. 20.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, GNRI was determined to be an independent predictor of 1-year all-cause mortality [hazard ratio: 0.707; 95% confidence interval: 0.510-0.979; p = 0.037]. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional indexes have prognostic value in predicting 1-year all-cause mortality in severe functional mitral regurgitation patients undergoing CMCS implantation. In particular, GNRI can guide the selection of patients who will benefit from CMCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Tolunay
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Yasar
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Asil
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Saatci Yasar
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Celik
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uygar Cagdas Yuksel
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cem Barcin
- Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Rottländer D, Saal M, Ögütcü A, Degen H, Haude M. Anatomy and Topography of Coronary Sinus and Mitral Valve Annulus in Functional Mitral Regurgitation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:868562. [PMID: 35528836 PMCID: PMC9072628 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.868562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the anatomical relationship of the coronary sinus (CS) and the mitral valve annulus (MVA) in patients with or without functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) using a multislice CT (MSCT) software to determine (a) the distance and angle of both CS and MVA plane and (b) the mitral annulus geometry. Methods A total of 215 patients with MSCT and CS to MVA topography evaluation were enrolled in this retrospective study. Results This patient cohort included 145 patients without FMR (67.4%, FMR ≤ 1+) and 70 patients (32.6%) with clinically relevant FMR (FMR ≥ 2+). Distance and angulation of CS to MVA planes were highly variable. In all groups, no significant correlation was documented between the distance or angle of CS to MVA planes and left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, or left atrial volume. A significant increase in total CS length could be found in patients with FMR ≥ 2+ compared to the FMR ≤ 1+ group. MVA diameter, area, and perimeter were significantly increased in FMR ≥ 2+ compared to FMR ≤ 1+. In the FMR ≥ 2+ cohort 61% showed a distance of CS to MVA plane <7.8 mm and 58% revealed an angle of CS to MVA plane <14.2°. Conclusion Distance and angulation of CS to MVA topography using an MSCT approach are similar between patients with or without FMR, while CS length, MVA area, MVA perimeter, anterior-posterior diameter, and intercommissural diameter are significantly increased in all FMR subgroups. However, ~60% of FMR ≥ 2+ patients showed favorable CS to MVA topography for indirect mitral annuloplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Rottländer
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Saal
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Alev Ögütcü
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Hubertus Degen
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Michael Haude
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Haude
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21
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Kir D, Munagala M. Restructuring the Heart From Failure to Success: Role of Structural Interventions in the Realm of Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:839483. [PMID: 35528834 PMCID: PMC9069206 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.839483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure through the spectrum of reduced (HFrEF), mid-range (or mildly reduced or HFmEF), and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), continues to plague patients' quality of life through recurrent admissions and high mortality rates. Despite tremendous innovation in medical therapy, patients continue to experience refractory congestive symptoms due to adverse left ventricular remodeling, significant functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), and right-sided failure symptoms due to significant functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR). As most of these patients are surgically challenging for open cardiac surgery, the past decade has seen the development and evolution of different percutaneous structural interventions targeted at improving FMR and FTR. There is renewed interest in the sphere of left ventricular restorative devices to effect reverse remodeling and thereby improve effective stroke volume and patient outcomes. For patients suffering from HFpEF, there is still a paucity of disease-modifying effective medical therapies, and these patients continue to have recurrent heart failure exacerbations due to impaired left ventricular relaxation and high filling pressures. Structural therapies involving the implantation of inter-atrial shunt devices to decrease left atrial pressure and the development of implantable devices in the pulmonary artery for real-time hemodynamic monitoring would help redefine treatment and outcomes for patients with HFpEF. Lastly, there is pre-clinical data supportive of soft robotic cardiac sleeves that serve to improve cardiac function, can assist contraction as well as relaxation of the heart, and have the potential to be customized for each patient. In this review, we focus on the role of structural interventions in heart failure as it stands in current clinical practice, evaluate the evidence amassed so far, and review promising structural therapies that may transform the future of heart failure management.
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22
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Baldasseroni S, Orso F, Herbst A, Bo M, Boccanelli A, Desideri GB, Rozzini R, Terrosu P, Alboni P, Marchionni N, Ungar A. Role of new drug therapies and innovative procedures in older patients with heart failure: from trials to clinical practice. Minerva Med 2022; 113:647-666. [PMID: 35332760 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.08082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Baldasseroni
- Unit of Geriatric Intensive Care Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy - .,Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy - .,Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy -
| | - Francesco Orso
- Unit of Geriatric Intensive Care Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Herbst
- Unit of Geriatric Intensive Care Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Bo
- Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Renzo Rozzini
- Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Alboni
- Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Marchionni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy.,Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Ungar
- Unit of Geriatric Intensive Care Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Società Italiana di Cardiologia Geriatrica-SICGE, Florence, Italy
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23
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Rottländer D, Golabkesh M, Degen H, Ögütcü A, Saal M, Haude M. Mitral valve edge-to-edge repair versus indirect mitral valve annuloplasty in atrial functional mitral regurgitation. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 99:1839-1847. [PMID: 35312231 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare indirect mitral annuloplasty using the Carillon Mitral Contour System and edge-to-edge repair via MitraClip in atrial functional mitral regurgitation (aFMR). BACKGROUND In patients with left ventricular dilation, both edge-to-edge repair and indirect mitral annuloplasty are effective in reducing mitral regurgitation, while no clinical trial has compared both interventional methods in aFMR. METHODS In a retrospective single-center analysis, 41 patients with aFMR underwent either edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (MitraClip group, n = 20) or indirect annuloplasty (Carillon group, n = 21). RESULTS Both treatment groups showed high procedural success (100%) and low complication rates. Both treatment groups showed a comparable reduction of New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification postimplantation, after 3- and 12-months follow-up. Quantitative reduction in echocardiographic FMR parameters was significantly pronounced in the MitraClip group (reduction in vena contracta MitraClip vs. Carillon: postimplantation -74.6 ± 25.8 vs. -29.1 ± 17.8%, 3-months follow-up -65.8 ± 31.2 vs. -33.9 ± 17.5%, 12-months follow-up -50.8 ± 27.9 vs. -23.9 ± 17.0%, p < 0.05). Qualitative mitral valve assessment showed improved FMR class postimplantation, at 3-and 12-months follow-up in both treatment groups. Edge-to-edge repair revealed better results with lower average FMR classification compared to indirect coronary sinus-based annuloplasty. After 12-months left atrial (LA) volume was significantly reduced in the Carillon group, while in the MitraClip group no LA remodeling was found (reduction in LA volume MitraClip vs. Carillon at 12 months: +9.6 ± 25.1% vs. -12.3 ± 12.7%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both indirect mitral valve annuloplasty and edge-to-edge repair are feasible and safe in patients with aFMR, while the reduction in FMR was pronounced in the edge-to-edge repair group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Rottländer
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Milad Golabkesh
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Hubertus Degen
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Alev Ögütcü
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Martin Saal
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Michael Haude
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
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24
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Koschutnik M, Dannenberg V, Donà C, Nitsche C, Kammerlander AA, Koschatko S, Zimpfer D, Hülsmann M, Aschauer S, Schneider M, Bartko PE, Goliasch G, Hengstenberg C, Mascherbauer J. Transcatheter Versus Surgical Valve Repair in Patients with Severe Mitral Regurgitation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010090. [PMID: 35055405 PMCID: PMC8779938 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TMVR) is increasingly performed. However, its efficacy in comparison with surgical MV treatment (SMV) is unknown. Methods. Consecutive patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) undergoing TMVR (68% functional, 32% degenerative) or SMV (9% functional, 91% degenerative) were enrolled. To account for differences in baseline characteristics, propensity score matching was performed, including age, EuroSCORE-II, left ventricular ejection fraction, and NT-proBNP. A composite of heart failure (HF) hospitalization/death served as primary endpoint. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox-regression analyses were used to investigate associations between baseline, imaging, and procedural parameters and outcome. Results. Between July 2017 and April 2020, 245 patients were enrolled, of whom 102 patients could be adequately matched (73 y/o, 61% females, EuroSCORE-II: 5.7%, p > 0.05 for all). Despite matching, TMVR patients had more co-morbidities at baseline (higher rates of prior myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, pacemakers/defibrillators, and diabetes mellitus, p < 0.009 for all). Patients were followed for 28.3 ± 27.2 months, during which 27 events (17 deaths, 10 HF hospitalizations) occurred. Postprocedural MR reduction (MR grade <2: TMVR vs. SMV: 88% vs. 94%, p = 0.487) and freedom from HF hospitalization/death (log-rank: p = 0.811) were similar at 2 years. On multivariable Cox analysis, EuroSCORE-II (adj.HR 1.07 [95%CI: 1.00–1.13], p = 0.027) and residual MR (adj.HR 1.85 [95%CI: 1.17–2.92], p = 0.009) remained significantly associated with outcome. Conclusions. In this propensity-matched, all-comers cohort, two-year outcomes after TMVR versus SMV were similar. Given the reported favorable long-term durability of TMVR, the interventional approach emerges as a valuable alternative for a substantial number of patients with functional and degenerative MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Koschutnik
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Varius Dannenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Carolina Donà
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Christian Nitsche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Andreas A. Kammerlander
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Sophia Koschatko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Daniel Zimpfer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Stefan Aschauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franziskus Hospital Margareten, Nikolsdorfergasse 32, 1050 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Campus Virchow-Klinikum), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp E. Bartko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Julia Mascherbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.K.); (V.D.); (C.D.); (C.N.); (A.A.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.); (S.A.); (M.S.); (P.E.B.); (G.G.); (C.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dunant-Platz 1, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-46140; Fax: +43-1-40400-42160
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Görmel S, Yaşar S, Murat E, Köksal O, Yüksel UÇ, Barçın C, Çelik M. Alternative methods to overcome the challenging anatomy of the coronary sinus during percutaneous mitral annuloplasty procedure. Anatol J Cardiol 2021; 25:924-925. [PMID: 34866589 DOI: 10.5152/anatoljcardiol.2021.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suat Görmel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Salim Yaşar
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Ender Murat
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Ozan Köksal
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Uygar Çağdaş Yüksel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Cem Barçın
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Murat Çelik
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
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Zeng G, Li G, Jia Y, Chen S, Chen P, He Z. Detachment Force of the Helical Anchor in Mitral Annulus. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2021.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Patterson T, Gregson J, Erglis A, Joseph J, Rajani R, Wilson K, Prendergast B, Worthley S, Hildick-Smith D, Rafter T, Whelan A, De Marco F, Horrigan M, Redwood SR. Two-year outcomes from the MitrAl ValvE RepaIr Clinical (MAVERIC) trial: a novel percutaneous treatment of functional mitral regurgitation. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 23:1775-1783. [PMID: 34363280 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We report the 2-year outcomes of the MitrAl ValvE RepaIr Clinical (MAVERIC) trial. Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is associated with poor outcomes for which there remains an unmet clinical need. ARTO is a transcatheter annular reduction device for the treatment of FMR and an emerging alternative for patients at high surgical risk. The MAVERIC trial was designed to evaluate the safety and performance of the ARTO system in FMR and heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS MAVERIC is an international multicentre, prospective, single arm study enrolling patients with FMR grade ≥ 2, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class ≥II symptoms despite maximal medical therapy. Patients were excluded if they had significant structural mitral valve abnormality or life expectancy <1 year. The primary outcome measures were a composite safety outcome and efficacy defined as mitral regurgitation (MR) reduction 30 days post-procedure. Secondary outcome measures included safety, change in MR grade, NYHA class and hospitalization for HF at 2 years. Forty-five patients were enrolled. The composite safety outcome was met (2/45 adverse events at 30 days) and no device-related deaths occurred at 2-year follow-up. A sustained reduction in MR [grade < 2: 21/31 (68%) vs. 31/31(0%); P < 0.0001], left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (90.0 ± 30 vs. 106 ± 26 mL/m2 ; P = 0.004) and anteroposterior diameter (35.5 ± 4.7 vs. 41.4 ± 4.6 mm; P < 0.0001) was seen at 2 years compared to baseline. Progressive symptomatic improvement [NYHA class ≤II: 27/34 (80%) vs. 12/34 (36%); P < 0.0001] and a reduction in HF hospitalizations (19.8% 2 years post vs. 52.3% 2 years prior; P < 0.001) were seen at 2 years compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS The ARTO system is a safe and effective treatment for FMR with reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic volumes sustained to 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Patterson
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - John Gregson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andrejs Erglis
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jubin Joseph
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ronak Rajani
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Karen Wilson
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bernard Prendergast
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Horrigan
- Austin Health, HeartCare Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon R Redwood
- Cardiovascular Department, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Lavall D, Bruns J, Stegmann T, Hagendorff A, Stöbe S, Laufs U. Long-term clinical and haemodynamic results after transcatheter annuloplasty for secondary mitral regurgitation. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:2448-2457. [PMID: 33939295 PMCID: PMC8318490 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The study sought to investigate the long-term outcome after transcatheter mitral valve annuloplasty for secondary mitral regurgitation (MR). METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive patients with symptomatic secondary MR undergoing transcatheter mitral valve annuloplasty with the Carillon device at Leipzig University Hospital between 2012 and 2018 were studied prospectively. Left ventricular (LV) function and MR severity were quantified by standardized echocardiography. 33 patients were included. Mean age was 75 ± 10 years, and 20 patients were women. A Society of Thoracic Surgeons score of 8.1 ± 7.2% indicated high-risk status. In 24 patients, MR resulted from LV remodelling and dysfunction, eight suffered from left atrial dilatation, and one patient had MR due to combined primary and secondary aetiology. LV ejection fraction at baseline was (median) 38% [inter-quartile range (IQR) 30-49%]. During the mean follow-up time of 45 ± 20 months, 17 patients died, two patients withdraw consent, and four patients were lost. Of the remaining patients, four were hospitalized for decompensated heart failure. Two of these patients underwent additional transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. At follow-up, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved from 95% in Class III/IV at baseline to 70% in Class I/II with no patients in NYHA Class IV (P < 0.0001). Mitral regurgitant volume was reduced from 27 mL (IQR 25-42 mL) to 8 mL (IQR 3-17 mL) (P = 0.018) and regurgitant fraction from 42% (IQR 34-54%) to 11% (IQR 8-24%) (P = 0.014). LV end-diastolic volume index [92 mL/m2 (IQR 74-107 mL/m2 ) vs. 67 mL/m2 (IQR 46-101 mL/m2 ), P = 0.065] and end-systolic volume index [50 mL/m2 (IQR 44-69 mL/m2 ) vs. 32 mL/m2 (IQR 20-53 mL/m2 ), P = 0.037] decreased. Total stroke volume remained unchanged [38 mL/m2 (IQR 33-43 mL/m2 ) vs. 33 mL/m2 (IQR 26-44 mL/m2 ), P = 0.695], while LV ejection fraction increased [43% (IQR 35-49%) vs. 54% (IQR 46-57%), P = 0.014]. Forward stroke volume, heart rate, and forward cardiac output were not significantly altered. CONCLUSIONS Among high-risk patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve annuloplasty for symptomatic secondary MR, mortality was ~50% at 4 years. In the surviving patients, reduced MR severity was associated with reduced NYHA functional class, reverse LV remodelling, and improved LV function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lavall
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
| | - Julius Bruns
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
| | - Tina Stegmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
| | - Andreas Hagendorff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
| | - Stephan Stöbe
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für KardiologieUniversitätsklinikum LeipzigLiebigstraße 20Leipzig04103Germany
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29
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Witte KK, Kaye DM, Lipiecki J, Siminiak T, Goldberg SL, von Bardeleben RS, Sievert H, Levy WC, Starling RC. Treating symptoms and reversing remodelling: clinical and echocardiographic 1-year outcomes with percutaneous mitral annuloplasty for mild to moderate secondary mitral regurgitation. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 23:1971-1978. [PMID: 34288287 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effects of percutaneous mitral annuloplasty on symptoms, walk distance and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in patients with mild or moderate secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR). METHODS AND RESULTS This was a pooled analysis of patients (n = 68) who, despite guideline-directed medical therapy had symptomatic heart failure (HF) with mild (n = 25) or moderate (n = 43) SMR treated with percutaneous mitral annuloplasty as part of the TITAN, TITAN II, or REDUCE-FMR trials. Primary outcomes were changes in symptoms, 6-min walk distance, and quality of life assessed by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) after 1 year. Secondary analyses included changes in LV structure and function. At 1 year, New York Heart Association class status was maintained (48%) or improved (46%) in most patients, mean KCCQ scores increased from baseline by 10 units [95% confidence interval (CI) 3 to17; P < 0.01] and mean 6-min walk test distance increased by 34 m (95% CI 12 to 57; P < 0.01). SMR grade improved in 25% of patients and was maintained in 58% of patients with changes in mean regurgitant volume of -7 mL (95% CI -11 to -3; P < 0.001), vena contracta -0.11 cm (95% CI -0.20 to -0.02; P < 0.05), and effective regurgitant orifice area -0.03 cm2 (95% CI -0.06 to -0.01; P < 0.05). There were non-significant improvements in LV ejection fraction and volumes. Survival over 1 year was 89% with no difference between mild (96%) and moderate (86%) SMR (log-rank P = 0.22). Progression-free survival was 70% (82% in mild vs. 63% in moderate SMR; P = 0.16). Freedom from HF hospitalization was 73% (87% in mild SMR vs. 66% in moderate SMR; P = 0.07). CONCLUSION Among patients with symptomatic HF and mild or moderate SMR on guideline-directed medical therapy, percutaneous mitral annuloplasty was associated with improvements in symptoms, SMR, a stabilization of LV structure and function, and high survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus K Witte
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David M Kaye
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Tomasz Siminiak
- HCP Medical Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Steven L Goldberg
- Tyler Heart Institute at Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Monterey, CA, USA
- Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, WA, USA
| | | | - Horst Sievert
- CardioVascular Center Sankt Katherinen, Frankfurt, Germany
- Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Wayne C Levy
- Advanced Heart Failure, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington Heart Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Randall C Starling
- Section of Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Medicine, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure Treatment and Recovery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Abstract
Purpose of Review We aimed to picture the contemporary landscape of available catheter-based repair and replacement solutions for mitral regurgitation (MR) in Europe. Recent Findings Edge-to-edge repair remains the dominant technique for transcatheter mitral valve repair especially in the context of secondary mitral regurgitation. Two recent randomized trials reported seemingly contradicting clinical results with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for patients with heart failure and severe secondary MR. A proportionality framework related to secondary MR was proposed to help explain inconsistencies but requires further research. (In)Direct annuloplasty primarily aims to correct secondary MR; however, the scientific basis seems less robust. One dedicated transcatheter heart valve has the CE mark for mitral valve replacement but requires transapical access. Balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve platforms are emerging for transvenous transseptal mitral replacement in the context of mitral annular calcification, a failing surgical mitral bioprosthesis, or annuloplasty. Advanced computed tomography imaging techniques improved pre-procedural planning and introduced the option for modeling and simulation. Summary Development of a toolbox of catheter-based technologies, complementary imaging modalities, and refined patient selection offer novel perspectives to high-risk patients with primary or secondary MR. Clinical trials are required to help formulate evidence-based guidelines for the management of mitral valve disease.
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31
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Rottländer D, Saal M, Gödde M, Ögütcü A, Degen H, Haude M. Percutaneous Coronary Sinus-Based Mitral Valve Repair Differentially Modulates Coronary Sinus to Mitral Valve Annulus Geometry and Topography. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:678812. [PMID: 34336946 PMCID: PMC8319537 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.678812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Coronary sinus (CS) based mitral annuloplasty using the Carillon device is a therapeutic option for the treatment of functional mitral valve regurgitation (FMR). Background: Little is known about the change of CS and mitral valve annulus (MVA) planes following Carillon implantation and how they are modulated by the tension applied on the device. Methods: In a retrospective single-center analysis, 10 patients underwent Carillon device implantation and received CT-angiography (CTA) prior and post CS based percutaneous mitral valve repair. Patients were assigned to responders or non-responders according to the 3-month transthoracic echocardiographic follow-up. A prototype software was used to assess distance and angulation of both CS (pre) or Carillon-device (post) and mitral annulus planes. Results: Comparison of the distance and angulation of the CS plane or Carillon device plane and the MVA plane prior and post intervention showed significant reduction of distance and unchanged angulation in responders while angulation was increased and distance reduced in non-responders without statistical significance. Furthermore, in FMR responders MVA perimeter, anterior-posterior diameter, intercommisural diameter and MVA area were decreased following successful indirect mitral valve annuloplasty, while in FMR non-responders Carillon device implantation had no effect on MVA geometry. Conclusions: Insufficient reduction of FMR following indirect mitral valve annuloplasty is associated with device malposition in relation to the mitral valve annulus. Patient selection using CTA-derived distance and angulation of CS to MVA planes is one option to increase effectiveness of indirect mitral valve annuloplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Rottländer
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Rhythmology, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Saal
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Miriel Gödde
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Alev Ögütcü
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Hubertus Degen
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Michael Haude
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
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Görmel S, Yaşar S, Asil S, Yıldırım E, Fırtına S, Taşkan H, Köklü M, Gökoğlan Y, Buğan B, Saatçi Yaşar A, Kabul HK, Çelik M, Yüksel UÇ, Barçın C. Evaluation of percutaneous annuloplasty for treatment of functional mitral regurgitation: A retrospective study. Anatol J Cardiol 2021; 25:505-511. [PMID: 34236326 DOI: 10.5152/anatoljcardiol.2021.54599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The management of severe functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in patients with heart failure (HF) and low ejection fraction is controversial, but percutaneous transcatheter procedures are promising. In this retrospective analysis, we aimed to assess the efficacy of the Carillon Mitral Contour System in patients with "inoperable" severe FMR. METHODS Seventy three patients (mean age 66.89, range 31-90 years) with congestive heart failure (CHF), severe FMR, and reduced ejection fraction (<35%) who underwent Carillon device implantation were examined. The study group consisted of patients with successfully implanted devices whereas the control group comprised patients in whom the device could not be deployed. The primary endpoint was combined all-cause mortality and first hospitalization for HF (whichever came first). RESULTS The median (Q1, Q3) follow-up was 31 (11-49) months. The device was deployed successfully in 50 patients (implant group) and not in 23 patients (non-implant group). Both the primary endpoint and all-cause mortality were lower in the "implant" group, but the differences were not significant. The median to primary endpoint was 21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.8-33.2] and six (95% CI 0.1-11.9) months for the implant group and the non-implant group, respectively (p=0.078). CONCLUSION Carillon Mitral Contour System implantation is a safe procedure and results in the reduction of all-cause mortality and combined endpoint of mortality and hospitalizations for HF in inoperable patients with severe FMR and low ejection fraction, although the difference did not meet the significance level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Görmel
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Salim Yaşar
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Serkan Asil
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Erkan Yıldırım
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Serdar Fırtına
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Hatice Taşkan
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Mustafa Köklü
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Yalçın Gökoğlan
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Barış Buğan
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Ayse Saatçi Yaşar
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Hasan Kutsi Kabul
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Murat Çelik
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Uygar Çağdaş Yüksel
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
| | - Cem Barçın
- Department of Cardiology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital; Ankara-Turkey
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Rottländer D, Gödde M, Degen H, Ögütcü A, Saal M, Haude M. Procedural planning of CS-based indirect mitral annuloplasty using CT-angiography. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 98:1393-1401. [PMID: 34169643 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary sinus (CS) based mitral annuloplasty using the Carillon device could be limited by compromise of the left circumflex artery (Cx). BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT) might be a feasible tool for preprocedural planning of indirect mitral valve annuloplasty. METHODS In a retrospective analysis, 25 patients underwent Carillon device implantation and received CT-angiography (CTA) analysis prior to CS based percutaneous mitral valve repair. We used a retrospective approach with preprocedural CTA and intraprocedural coronary sinus angiography (CSA) measurements to determine the CS to Cx distance at the occlusion or compression point or in the distal landing zone in absence of Cx compromise. RESULTS According to left coronary artery angiography, we identified 7 patients with Cx occlusion, 7 with Cx compression and 11 without Cx compromise. No difference in minimal CS to Cx distance between the three groups could be obtained. Also, neither distal CS diameter nor distal Carillon anchor size were related to Cx impingement. However, ROC analysis identified a CS to Cx distance of <8.6 mm specifically in the distal device landing zone to predict Cx compromise. Furthermore, CTA was accurate in assessing device length in comparison to CSA, but failed predicting Carillon device anchor size. CONCLUSIONS CTA derived CS to Cx distance in the device landing zone might be helpful to predict Cx occlusion during Carillon device implantation. Furthermore, CTA predicted CS length but not anchor size correctly. Therefore, CT-angiographic procedural planning might help improving the results of percutaneous CS-based mitral valve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Rottländer
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Miriel Gödde
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Hubertus Degen
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Alev Ögütcü
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Martin Saal
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Michael Haude
- Department of Cardiology, Rheinlandklinikum Neuss, Neuss, Germany
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Perez-Camargo D, Chen M, Taramasso M. Devices for transcatheter mitral valve repair: current technology and a glimpse into the future. Expert Rev Med Devices 2021; 18:609-628. [PMID: 34092173 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2021.1940141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Due to a large unmet need for the treatment of mitral regurgitation, transcatheter mitral valve repair devices have emerged in the last decade as an alternative therapeutic option. Given the complexity of this disease, several device systems for transcatheter mitral valve repair have been developed and are categorized according to its mechanism of action; each device has advantages and disadvantages for certain clinical and pathophysiologic characteristics, and in order to improve outcomes, proper patient selection among other key points are fundamental.Areas covered: The purpose of this article is to review the current state-of-the-art technologies available for transcatheter mitral valve repair, patient suitability, outcomes, and future perspectives.Expert opinion: Transcatheter therapy for mitral regurgitation improves outcomes and pushes the boundaries of biomedical technology while maintaining scientific rigor for device development. Surgical and percutaneous procedures should be viewed as complements to treat a wider spectrum of patients affected by this entity. Future directions from multidisciplinary innovation and cooperation will consolidate this therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Perez-Camargo
- Cardiac Surgery Department, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Fundación Interhospitalaria Para la Investigación Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mi Chen
- Cardiac Surgery Department, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Cardiac Surgery Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Maurizio Taramasso
- Cardiac Surgery Department, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,HerzZentrum Hirlsanden Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Anker SD, Starling RC, Khan MS, Friede T, Filippatos G, Lindenfeld J, von Bardeleben RS, Coats AJS, Butler J. Percutaneous Mitral Valve Annuloplasty in Patients With Secondary Mitral Regurgitation and Severe Left Ventricular Enlargement. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2021; 9:453-462. [PMID: 33992567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the effect of percutaneous mitral valve annuloplasty with the Carillon device versus guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) alone in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) and severe left ventricular (LV) enlargement. BACKGROUND The clinical impact of the Carillon device in patients with severe LV dilation is not well established. METHODS This is a pooled analysis involving 3 prospective trials (TITAN [Transcatheter Implantation of Carillon Mitral Annuloplasty Device], TITAN II, and REDUCE FMR [CARILLON Mitral Contour System for Reducing Functional Mitral Regurgitation] trials) in which patients with functional MR and severe LV enlargement (LV end-diastolic diameter >65 mm) were treated with GDMT and the Carillon device versus GDMT alone. Key outcomes of this analysis were changes over 1 year of follow-up in mitral valve and LV echocardiographic parameters, functional outcome, quality of life, mortality, and heart failure hospitalization (HFH). RESULTS A total of 95 patients (67 in the Carillon group, 28 in the GDMT group) with severe LV enlargement were included. In the Carillon group, all mitral valve and LV morphology parameters were significantly improved at 1 year. Regurgitant volume decreased by 12 ml (p < 0.001), MR grade decreased by 0.6 U (p < 0.001), LV end-diastolic volume decreased by 25 cm3 (p = 0.005), and LV end-systolic volume decreased by 21 cm3 (p = 0.01). Significant functional improvement differences were also noted between the Carillon group and the GDMT group including an improvement of Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score (15 ± 4 vs. 6 ± 6; p = 0.03). The incidence of HFH was 29.9% versus 50.0% and the cumulative rate of HFH was 0.43 versus 0.75 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with functional MR and severe LV enlargement, the Carillon device improved mitral valve function, LV morphology, and functional outcome compared with patients receiving GDMT only. Preoperative LV dimension should not be a limiting factor when evaluating patient eligibility or anticipated response to therapy with the Carillon device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Randall C Starling
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Muhammad Shahzeb Khan
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Tim Friede
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Medical Statistics, German Center of Cardiovascular Research, partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - JoAnn Lindenfeld
- Heart Failure and Transplantation Section, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Andrew J S Coats
- Department of Cardiology, Monash University Australia and University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Sciences, Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Javed Butler
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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Boccellino A, Melillo F, Ancona F, Napolano A, Ingallina G, Capogrosso C, Stella S, Denti P, Faletra FF, Agricola E. Transcatheter mitral valve interventions: pre-procedural planning and intra-procedural guidance. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2021; 69:684-706. [PMID: 33944538 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.21.05691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mitral regurgitation is the most prevalent valve disease worldwide. Percutaneous mitral valve interventions are emerging as alternative options for high-risk patients with severe mitral regurgitation not eligible for conventional surgery. Accurate patient selection is based on a detailed pre-procedural multimodality imaging evaluation. Morphology and functional anatomy of the mitral valve should be evaluated to determine the feasibility of treatments and to identify the best therapeutic approach. The procedures are guided by fluoroscopy, transoesophageal echocardiography and fusion imaging, ensuring a continuous communication between the interventionalist and the imaging specialist. The present review will cover the pre-procedural planning and the intra-procedural guidance of the most used transcatheter approaches in the setting of native mitral valve regurgitation: edge to edge repair, percutaneous direct and indirect annuloplasty, transapical beating-heart chordal implantation and transcatheter mitral valve replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Ancona
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolano
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Stella
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Denti
- Cardiac Surgery Department, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Eustachio Agricola
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy - .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Sardari Nia P, Olsthoorn JR, Heuts S, van Kuijk SMJ, Vainer J, Streukens S, Schalla S, Segers P, Barenbrug P, Crijns HJGM, Maessen JG. Effect of a dedicated mitral heart team compared to a general heart team on survival: a retrospective, comparative, non-randomized interventional cohort study based on prospectively registered data. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 60:263-273. [PMID: 33783480 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although in both the US and European guidelines the 'heart team approach' is a class I recommendation, supporting evidence is still lacking. Therefore, we sought to provide comparative survival data of patients with mitral valve disease referred to the general and the dedicated heart team. METHODS In this retrospective cohort, patients evaluated for mitral valve disease by a general heart team (2009-2014) and a dedicated mitral valve heart team (2014-2018) were included. Decision-making was recorded prospectively in heart team electronic forms. The end point was overall survival from decision of the heart team. RESULTS In total, 1145 patients were included of whom 641 (56%) were discussed by dedicated heart team and 504 (44%) by general heart team. At 5 years, survival probability was 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-0.79] for the dedicated heart team group compared to 0.70 (95% CI 0.66-0.74, P = 0.040) for the general heart team. Relative risk of mortality adjusted for EuroSCORE II, treatment groups (surgical, transcatheter and non-intervention), mitral valve pathology (degenerative, functional, rheumatic and others) and 13 other baseline characteristics for patients in the dedicated heart team was 29% lower [hazard ratio (HR) 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.95; P = 0.019] than for the general heart team. The adjusted relative risk of mortality was 61% lower for patients following the advice of the heart team (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.25-0.62; P < 0.001) and 43% lower for patients following the advice of the general heart team (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.87; P = 0.010) compared to those who did not follow the advice of the heart team. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective cohort, patients treated for mitral valve disease based on a dedicated heart team decision have significantly higher survival independent of the allocated treatment, mitral valve pathology and baseline characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sardari Nia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jules R Olsthoorn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Samuel Heuts
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sander M J van Kuijk
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment (KEMTA), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jindrich Vainer
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Streukens
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Simon Schalla
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Patrique Segers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Paul Barenbrug
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jos G Maessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Denti P, Sala A, Belluschi I, Alfieri O. Over 15 years: the advancement of transcatheter mitral valve repair. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 10:15-27. [PMID: 33575172 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2020-mv-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation, if left untreated, have a poor prognosis. In those patients not eligible for mitral valve (MV) surgery, percutaneous repair may improve clinical outcomes. In the past 15 years several devices have been developed to address different MV lesions. This manuscript will review the advancement of transcatheter MV repair through the years, focusing on technologies for which consistent clinical data is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Denti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Igor Belluschi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ottavio Alfieri
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Sengupta A, Alexis SL, Zaid S, Tang GHL, Lerakis S, Martin RP. Imaging the mitral valve: a primer for the interventional surgeon. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 10:28-42. [PMID: 33575173 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2020-mv-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TMVI) have evolved over the past decade as alternatives to open surgical repair for the therapeutic management of patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Concurrent with the development of these technologies, quality multi-modality cardiac imaging has become essential in patient selection and procedural guidance. The former involves assessments of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of regurgitation, valvular anatomy and morphology, as well as objective quantification of the severity of MR. Both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are crucial and serve as the gateway to diagnosis and management of mitral valvular disease. Along with multi-detector computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), echocardiography plays an important role for preprocedural planning and evaluation of the spatial relationships of the mitral valvular complex with the coronary sinus, circumflex coronary artery and left ventricular (LV) outflow tract. Procedures that target mitral leaflets (e.g., MitraClip, PASCAL) or annulus (e.g., Cardioband, Carillon), or provide chordal (e.g., NeoChord, Harpoon) or valvular replacement, tend to be guided by TEE and assisted by fluoroscopy. As newer devices become available and outcomes of TMVI improve, cardiac imaging will undoubtedly continue to play an essential role in the success of percutaneous mitral valve repair (MVr) and replacement. The interventional surgeon of the future must therefore have a thorough understanding of the various imaging modalities while synthesizing and integrating novel concepts (e.g., neo-LV outflow tract) as applicable to assessing valvular function and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sengupta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophia L Alexis
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Syed Zaid
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gilbert H L Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Randolph P Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Krishnaswamy A, Kapadia SR. Indirect Mitral Annuloplasty Using the Carillon Device. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:576058. [PMID: 33330643 PMCID: PMC7715026 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.576058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with functional, or secondary, mitral regurgitation (FMR, SMR) often face significant symptoms that lead to functional decline as well as hospitalization and even death. Traditional mitral annuloplasty is an important treatment option for patients with FMR, but surgical risk and durability are important limitations. Percutaneous strategies are therefore a welcome alternative. The Carillon device utilizes the relationship of the coronary sinus and the mitral annulus to effect an “indirect” annuloplasty. Early series' and recent randomized trials suggest echocardiographic and clinical benefit with a relatively straight-forward implantation technique and low rate of significant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Krishnaswamy
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Samir R Kapadia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Giallauria F, Di Lorenzo A, Parlato A, Testa C, Bobbio E, Vigorito C, Coats AJS. Individual patient data meta-analysis of the effects of the CARILLON® mitral contour system. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:3383-3391. [PMID: 34351074 PMCID: PMC7754746 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) (FMR) is common in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and worsens morbidity and mortality, even when mild. The CARILLON® mitral contour system (Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, WA, USA), a mitral annuloplasty device delivered percutaneously to the coronary sinus, is designed to reduce the mitral annular dimension by virtue of the close anatomic relationship between the coronary sinus and the posterior mitral annulus. We performed a comprehensive individual patient data meta-analysis of all studies that used CARILLON® device vs. control that have measured mitral regurgitation severity, left ventricular (LV) remodelling, functional status, and heart failure-related outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched in July 2020. Primary outcomes of interest were measures of MR severity, LV remodelling, New York Heart Association functional class and heart failure-related outcomes [mortality and heart failure hospitalization (HFH) during follow up]. All data were received as individual patient and individual time point data-points. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous data using a fixed-effects model. Three studies (REDUCE FMR, TITAN and TITAN II) enrolling 209 participants were identified and included. Pooled analysis showed that, compared with control, CARILLON® device significantly improved both MR volume (mean difference MD -9.20, 95% C.I. -16.11 to -2.29 mL, P = 0.009) and MR grade (MD -1.12, 95% CI -1.36 to -0.88, P < 0.00001) and this was associated with a significant reduction in LA volume, MD -7.54 mL, 95% CI -14.90 to - 0.18, P = 0.04. Significant LV reverse remodelling was also seen in terms of EDV (MD -16.53, 95% CI -28.61 to -44.4 mL, P = 0.007), and a trend in ESV (MD -8.68, 95% CI -18.69 to -1.34 mL, P = 0.09) but no significant effect on LVEF (MD 0.88, 95% CI -1.52% to 2.38%, P = 0.47), due presumably to the greater residual MR in the control patients falsely elevating the LVEF. In addition, the CARILLON® device significantly improved New York Heart Association functional Class (MD -0.22, 95% CI -0.24 to -0.16, P < 0.00001), associated with a lower rate of HFH compared with controls (45.3% vs. 64%, respectively, P = 0.04). As a sensitivity analysis we also restricted the analyses to those patients with Class 3+/4+ MR at baseline. In this cohort, the echocardiographic results were similar, and the reduction in HFH rates was even more marked (43.9% vs. 82.9%, respectively, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive meta-analysis of individual patient data has shown that CARILLON® device provides statistically significant and clinically meaningful benefits on MR severity, LA and LV volumes, and remodelling and rates of subsequent heart failure hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medicine‘Federico II’ University of NaplesNaplesItaly
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia
| | - Anna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medicine‘Federico II’ University of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Alessandro Parlato
- Department of Translational Medicine‘Federico II’ University of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Department of Translational Medicine‘Federico II’ University of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Emanuele Bobbio
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineInstitute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medicine‘Federico II’ University of NaplesNaplesItaly
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Lipiecki J, Fahrat H, Monzy S, Caillot N, Siminiak T, Johnson T, Vogt S, Stark MA, Goldberg SL. Long-term prognosis of patients treated by coronary sinus-based percutaneous annuloplasty: single centre experience. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:3329-3335. [PMID: 33047896 PMCID: PMC7755003 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to report long-term mortality, echocardiographic, and clinical outcomes of patients receiving treatment for functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) with the Carillon device. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a single centre analysis of prospectively collected data from patients treated with the Carillon Mitral Contour System for symptomatic congestive heart failure despite guideline-directed medical therapy, who were included from a single centre from the TITAN II study. All patients presented with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 2 or greater symptoms, grade 2+ to 4+ FMR, left ventricular enlargement, and reduced ejection fraction. Surviving patients were evaluated for long-term follow-up post-procedure, averaging 6.9 years. Fifteen (15) patients (mean age 72 years, 60% male, 100% NYHA class III or IV, 50% MR grade 3+ or 4+) were treated with the Carillon device. The Kaplan-Meier mortality rate was 40% at 6 years of follow-up. Long-term survival through 6 years was associated with echocardiographic improvement in mitral regurgitation (change in effective regurgitant orifice area in survivors versus non-survivors from baseline to 1 year follow-up, -9.0 ± 5.6 vs. -1.7 ± 1.5, P = 0.02) and clinical status at 12 months (difference in NYHA at 1 year follow-up between survivors versus non-survivors, P = 0. 05) which was sustained throughout follow-up. All patients at 6 year follow-up had ≤2+ MR, with 6 of 7 having 0-1+ MR. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume was reduced from 154.0 ± 65.7 mL at baseline to 104.5 ± 59.2 mL at 6 year follow-up, P = 0.03 in survivors with both measurements. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with congestive heart failure treated with the Carillon device, long-term survival is associated with favourable 1 year and sustained improvements in mitral regurgitation, left ventricular volume, ejection fraction, and clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Lipiecki
- Centre de Cardiologie InterventionnelleElsan, Pôle Santé République99, Avenue de la RépubliqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Hicham Fahrat
- Centre de Cardiologie InterventionnelleElsan, Pôle Santé République99, Avenue de la RépubliqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Séverine Monzy
- Centre de Cardiologie InterventionnelleElsan, Pôle Santé République99, Avenue de la RépubliqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Nicolat Caillot
- Centre de Cardiologie InterventionnelleElsan, Pôle Santé République99, Avenue de la RépubliqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Tomasz Siminiak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, HCP Medical CenterPoznanPoland
| | | | | | | | - Steven L. Goldberg
- Cardiac DimensionsKirklandWAUSA
- Tyler Heart Institute at Community Hospital of the Monterey PeninsulaMontereyCAUSA
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Cammertoni F, Bruno P, Mazza A, Massetti M. The treatment of mitral insufficiency in refractory heart failure. Eur Heart J Suppl 2020; 22:L93-L96. [PMID: 33654472 PMCID: PMC7904083 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Secondary mitral insufficiency (SMI) is caused by dilatation and left ventricular dysfunction and is a frequent finding in patients with heart failure (HF). It is associated with a mortality of between 40% and 50% at 3 years. The first-line treatment is represented by medical therapy, possibly associated, when indicated, with cardiac re-synchronization. If the patient remains symptomatic, corrective action should be considered. Surgery is indicated in cases of severe SMI with ejection fraction >30% and the need for myocardial revascularization. The management of patients in whom revascularization is not an option remains extremely complex and the evidence in this field is extremely limited. Percutaneous transcatheter therapies, reparative or replacement, are rapidly emerging as valid alternatives in cases of patients at high surgical risk. In particular, edge-to-edge repair (MitraClip) has proven effective in improving symptoms and reducing hospitalizations for HF. However, neither transcatheter nor surgical mitral repair or replacement has been shown to significantly improve prognosis, with mortality remaining high (14–20% at 1 year). Randomized trials aimed at assessing the effect of these treatments and establishing their long-term outcomes are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piergiorgio Bruno
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mazza
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Goyal A, Krishnaswamy A. Percutaneous Valve Interventions in Heart Failure. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cerny S, Benesova M, Skalsky I, Patel NC, Subramanian VA. Persistent reduction of mitral regurgitation by implantation of a transannular mitral bridge: durability and effectiveness of the repair at 2 years-results of a prospective trial†. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 55:867-873. [PMID: 30590416 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ring annuloplasty reduces the septal-lateral diameter (SLD) indirectly by circumferential annular cinching and frequently results in the recurrence of mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with functional MR (FMR). Our goal was to report the results from the trial and the 2-year post-trial surveillance data. We evaluated whether direct reduction of the SLD with a transannular mitral bridge could achieve significant and durable MR reduction in patients with FMR. METHODS In a prospective trial, 34 consecutive patients with FMR had a mitral bridge implanted surgically. Primary end points were MR ≤1+ at 1, 3 and 6 months postimplant and freedom from subsequent surgical mitral valve repair or replacement. RESULTS Thirty-two of 34 (94.1%) patients met the primary end points with MR ≤1+ at 6 months. At 2 years, there were no strokes or device-related adverse events. At 2 years, MR was reduced from 3.32 ± 0.47 to 0.50 ± 0.83 (P ≤ 0.001) with ≤1+ MR in 33/34 patients, including 4 reinterventions for periprosthetic recurrent MR ≥3 without mitral bridge explants or conventional mitral repair or replacement. At 2 years, the mean mitral gradient was 2.15 ± 0.82 mmHg; the mitral annular SLD decreased from 40.4 ± 2.91 mm to 28.9 ± 1.55 mm (P ≤ 0.001). The left ventricular ejection fraction increased (57.9 ± 10.4-62.4 ± 9.7%; P ≤ 0.001). The New York Heart Association functional class improved (2.19 ± 0.76-1.41 ± 0.61; P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The single-centre trial data indicate that direct reduction in the SLD with a mitral bridge is feasible, safe and efficacious in patients with FMR. Validation in a larger population of patients and comparison to conventional annuloplasty ring are necessary. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03511716.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Cerny
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Benesova
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Skalsky
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nirav C Patel
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Lipiecki J, Kuzemczak M, Siminiak T. Transcatheter treatment of functional mitral valve regurgitation. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2020; 31:487-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hoffmeister KJ, Henderson ZT, Hussey PT, Wu IY. Guidelines for the Evaluation of Valvular Regurgitation After Percutaneous Valve Repair or Replacement: A Focused Review for the Cardiac Anesthesiologist. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:2740-2753. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fernando RJ, Shah R, Yang Y, Goeddel LA, Villablanca PA, Núñez-Gil IJ, Ramakrishna H. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement: Analysis of Recent Data and Outcomes. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:2793-2806. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Donatelle M, Ailawadi G. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement: What's on the Horizon? Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 33:291-298. [PMID: 32980535 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There are more than 4 million people affected by mitral regurgitation in both the United States and Europe. Prior to the last decade the only options for treatment of MR were medical therapy and open-heart surgery which left many high risk patients with little option once medically optimized. However, we saw a flood in innovative transcatheter mitral valve interventions. As the technologies are refined these new approaches are considerably less invasive and for some high-risk patients may represent a superior option to conventional open-heart surgery. There are 3 main approaches currently being considered for transcatheter mitral valve repair, edge to edge repair, indirect annuloplasty and direct annuloplasty. There have also been large advancements in recent years in transcatheter replacement of the mitral valve. Although many of these devices are under investigation still, we sought to examine the current state of innovative transcatheter mitral valve technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Donatelle
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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50
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Turcotte M, Dennehy C, Kim A, Malaisrie SC, Kent WDT. Contemporary Reoperative Mitral Valve Surgery: Technical Considerations and Clinical Outcomes. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 15:425-439. [DOI: 10.1177/1556984520949955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As patients with cardiac disease live longer, reoperative mitral valve surgery has become more common. Although these operations are technically challenging and of high risk, outcomes continue to improve. Minimally invasive techniques, better cardioprotective strategies, and advanced perioperative care have contributed to this. In this review, we discuss surgical approaches, intraoperative strategies, novel catheter-directed devices, and clinical outcomes of contemporary reoperative mitral valve surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Angela Kim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S. Chris Malaisrie
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William D. T. Kent
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
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