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Seidinger A, Roberts R, Bai Y, Müller M, Pfeil E, Matthey M, Rieck S, Alenfelder J, König GM, Pfeifer A, Kostenis E, Klinke A, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Pharmacological Gq inhibition induces strong pulmonary vasorelaxation and reverses pulmonary hypertension. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00096-0. [PMID: 38977926 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease with limited survival. Herein, we propose the pharmacological inhibition of Gq proteins as a novel concept to counteract pulmonary vasoconstriction and proliferation/migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in PAH. We demonstrate that the specific pan-Gq inhibitor FR900359 (FR) induced a strong vasorelaxation in large and small pulmonary arteries in mouse, pig, and human subjects ex vivo. Vasorelaxation by FR proved at least as potent as the currently used triple therapy. We also provide in vivo evidence that local pulmonary application of FR prevented right ventricular systolic pressure increase in healthy mice as well as in mice suffering from hypoxia (Hx)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). In addition, we demonstrate that chronic application of FR prevented and also reversed Sugen (Su)Hx-induced PH in mice. We also demonstrate that Gq inhibition reduces proliferation and migration of PASMCs in vitro. Thus, our work illustrates a dominant role of Gq proteins for pulmonary vasoconstriction as well as remodeling and proposes direct Gq inhibition as a powerful pharmacological strategy in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seidinger
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Richard Roberts
- Pharmacology Research Group, University Hospital of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Yan Bai
- Division of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Marion Müller
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University of Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University of Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Eva Pfeil
- Molecular-, Cellular-, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michaela Matthey
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Rieck
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Alenfelder
- Molecular-, Cellular-, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele M König
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular-, Cellular-, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Klinke
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University of Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University of Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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2
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Simon A, von Einem T, Seidinger A, Matthey M, Bindila L, Wenzel D. The endocannabinoid anandamide is an airway relaxant in health and disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6941. [PMID: 36396957 PMCID: PMC9672354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive airway diseases are a global medical burden that is expected to increase in the near future. However, the underlying mechanistic processes are poorly understood so far. Herein, we show that the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) induces prominent airway relaxation in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to 2-arachidonlyglycerol-induced airway relaxation, this is mediated by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)-dependent metabolites. In particular, we identify mouse and also human epithelial and airway smooth muscle cells as source of AEA-induced prostaglandin E2 production and cAMP as direct mediator of AEA-dependent airway relaxation. Mass spectrometry experiments demonstrate reduced levels of endocannabinoid-like compounds in lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized mice indicating a pathophysiological relevance of endocannabinoid signalling in obstructive airway disease. Importantly, AEA inhalation protects against airway hyper-reactivity after ovalbumin sensitization. Thus, this work highlights the AEA/FAAH axis as a critical regulator of airway tone that could provide therapeutic targets for airway relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Simon
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas von Einem
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Seidinger
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michaela Matthey
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Laura Bindila
- grid.410607.4Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- grid.5570.70000 0004 0490 981XDepartment of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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3
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Yuan X, Ma X, Yang L, Zhou Q, Li Y. β-blocker eye drops affect ocular surface through β2 adrenoceptor of corneal limbal stem cells. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:419. [PMID: 34863129 PMCID: PMC8645087 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Topical application of β-blocker eye drops induces damage to the ocular surface in clinical. However, the mechanism involved remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence and mechanism of β-blocker eye drops on corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods Corneal epithelial wound healing models were constructed by epithelial scraping including in the limbal region and unceasingly received eye drops containing 5 mg/mL β-blocker levobunolol, β1-adrenoceptor (β1AR)-specific antagonist atenolol or β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR)-specific antagonist ICI 118, 551. For the migration assay, the murine corneal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (TKE2) were wounded and subsequently incubated with levobunolol, atenolol, or ICI 118, 551. The proliferation and colony formation abilities of TKE2 cells treated with levobunolol, atenolol, or ICI 118, 551 were investigated by CCK-8 kit and crystal violet staining. The differentiation marker Cytokeratin 3 (CK3), the stem cell markers-Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) and Cytokeratin 19 (CK19), and corneal epithelium regeneration-related signaling including in Ki67 and the phosphorylated epithelial growth factor receptor (pEGFR) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Results Levobunolol and ICI 118, 551 impaired corneal wound healing, decreased the expressions of CK3, CK14, and CK19 after limbal region scraping in vivo and reduced the migration and proliferation of TKE2 in vitro, whereas atenolol had no significant effect. Moreover, levobunolol and ICI 118, 551 inhibited corneal wound healing by mediating the expression of Ki67, and the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2 in the limbal and regenerated corneal epithelium. Conclusion β-blocker eye drops impaired corneal wound healing by inhibiting the β2AR of limbal stem cells, which decreased corneal epithelial regeneration-related signaling. Therefore, a selective β1AR antagonist might be a good choice for glaucoma treatment to avoid ocular surface damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yuan
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiubin Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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4
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Biased activation of β 2-AR/Gi/GRK2 signal pathway attenuated β 1-AR sustained activation induced by β 1-adrenergic receptor autoantibody. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:340. [PMID: 34750352 PMCID: PMC8576015 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is the terminal stage of many cardiac diseases, in which β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR) autoantibody (β1-AA) has a causative role. By continuously activating β1-AR, β1-AA can induce cytotoxicity, leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart dysfunction. However, the mechanism underlying the persistent activation of β1-AR by β1-AA is not fully understood. Receptor endocytosis has a critical role in terminating signals over time. β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) is involved in the regulation of β1-AR signaling. This research aimed to clarify the mechanism of the β1-AA-induced sustained activation of β1-AR and explore the role of the β2-AR/Gi-signaling pathway in this process. The beating frequency of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, cyclic adenosine monophosphate content, and intracellular Ca2+ levels were examined to detect the activation of β1-AA. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the endocytosis of β1-AR. ICI118551 was used to assess β2-AR/Gi function in β1-AR sustained activation induced by β1-AA in vitro and in vivo. Monoclonal β1-AA derived from a mouse hybridoma could continuously activate β1-AR. β1-AA-restricted β1-AR endocytosis, which was reversed by overexpressing the endocytosis scaffold protein β-arrestin1/2, resulting in the cessation of β1-AR signaling. β2-AR could promote β1-AR endocytosis, as demonstrated by overexpressing/interfering with β2-AR in HL-1 cells, whereas β1-AA inhibited the binding of β2-AR to β1-AR, as determined by surface plasmon resonance. ICI118551 biasedly activated the β2-AR/Gi/G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) pathway, leading to the arrest of limited endocytosis and continuous activation of β1-AR by β1-AA in vitro. In vivo, ICI118551 treatment attenuated myocardial fiber rupture and left ventricular dysfunction in β1-AA-positive mice. This study showed that β1-AA continuously activated β1-AR by inhibiting receptor endocytosis. Biased activation of the β2-AR/Gi/GRK2 signaling pathway could promote β1-AR endocytosis restricted by β1-AA, terminate signal transduction, and alleviate heart damage.
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5
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Rieck S, Kilgus S, Meyer JH, Huang H, Zhao L, Matthey M, Wang X, Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Inhibition of Vascular Growth by Modulation of the Anandamide/Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Axis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2974-2989. [PMID: 34615374 PMCID: PMC8608012 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Pathological angiogenesis is a hallmark of various diseases characterized by local hypoxia and inflammation. These disorders can be treated with inhibitors of angiogenesis, but current compounds display a variety of side effects and lose efficacy over time. This makes the identification of novel signaling pathways and pharmacological targets involved in angiogenesis a top priority. Approach and Results: Here, we show that inactivation of FAAH (fatty acid amide hydrolase), the enzyme responsible for degradation of the endocannabinoid anandamide, strongly impairs angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Both, the pharmacological FAAH inhibitor URB597 and anandamide induce downregulation of gene sets for cell cycle progression and DNA replication in endothelial cells. This is underscored by cell biological experiments, in which both compounds inhibit proliferation and migration and evoke cell cycle exit of endothelial cells. This prominent antiangiogenic effect is also of pathophysiological relevance in vivo, as laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in the eye of FAAH−/− mice is strongly reduced. Conclusions: Thus, elevation of endogenous anandamide levels by FAAH inhibition represents a novel antiangiogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rieck
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty (S.R., S.K., B.K.F., D.W.), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Sofia Kilgus
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty (S.R., S.K., B.K.F., D.W.), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna H Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology (J.H.M., S.S.-V.), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong (H.H., L.Z., X.W.)
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong (H.H., L.Z., X.W.)
| | - Michaela Matthey
- Department of Systems Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany (M.M., D.W.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong (H.H., L.Z., X.W.)
| | - Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg
- Department of Ophthalmology (J.H.M., S.S.-V.), University of Bonn, Germany.,John A. Moran Eye Center, Ophthalmology & Visual Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (S.S.-V.)
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty (S.R., S.K., B.K.F., D.W.), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty (S.R., S.K., B.K.F., D.W.), University of Bonn, Germany.,Department of Systems Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany (M.M., D.W.)
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6
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Prins KW, Thenappan T, Weir EK, Kalra R, Pritzker M, Archer SL. Repurposing Medications for Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: What's Old Is New Again. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e011343. [PMID: 30590974 PMCID: PMC6405714 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt W Prins
- 1 Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN
| | - Thenappan Thenappan
- 1 Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN
| | - E Kenneth Weir
- 1 Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN
| | - Rajat Kalra
- 1 Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN
| | - Marc Pritzker
- 1 Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN
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7
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Duerr GD, Heinemann JC, Kley J, Eichhorn L, Frede S, Weisheit C, Wehner S, Bindila L, Lutz B, Zimmer A, Dewald O. Myocardial maladaptation to pressure overload in CB2 receptor-deficient mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:86-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Winkler F, Herz K, Rieck S, Kimura K, Hu T, Röll W, Hesse M, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. PECAM/eGFP transgenic mice for monitoring of angiogenesis in health and disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17582. [PMID: 30514882 PMCID: PMC6279819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For the monitoring of vascular growth as well as adaptive or therapeutic (re)vascularization endothelial-specific reporter mouse models are valuable tools. However, currently available mouse models have limitations, because not all endothelial cells express the reporter in all developmental stages. We have generated PECAM/eGFP embryonic stem (ES) cell and mouse lines where the reporter gene labels PECAM+ endothelial cells and vessels with high specificity. Native eGFP expression and PECAM staining were highly co-localized in vessels of various organs at embryonic stages E9.5, E15.5 and in adult mice. Expression was found in large and small arteries, capillaries and in veins but not in lymphatic vessels. Also in the bone marrow arteries and sinusoidal vessel were labeled, moreover, we could detect eGFP in some CD45+ hematopoietic cells. We also demonstrate that this labeling is very useful to monitor sprouting in an aortic ring assay as well as vascular remodeling in a murine injury model of myocardial infarction. Thus, PECAM/eGFP transgenic ES cells and mice greatly facilitate the monitoring and quantification of endothelial cells ex vivo and in vivo during development and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Winkler
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katia Herz
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Rieck
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kenichi Kimura
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Röll
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hesse
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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9
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Duerr GD, Feißt A, Halbach K, Verfuerth L, Gestrich C, Wenzel D, Zimmer A, Breuer J, Dewald O. CB2-deficiency is associated with a stronger hypertrophy and remodeling of the right ventricle in a murine model of left pulmonary artery occlusion. Life Sci 2018; 215:96-105. [PMID: 30403990 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to right ventricular (RV) adaptation and remodeling and has deleterious long-term effects on RV function. The endocannabinoid receptor CB2 has been associated with protective effects in adaptation and remodeling of the left ventricle after ischemia. Therefore, we investigated the role of CB2 receptor in RV adaptation after occlusion of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) in a murine model. MAIN METHODS C57/Bl6 (WT)- and CB2 receptor-deficient (Cnr2-/-)-mice underwent paramedian sternotomy and LPA was occluded using a metal clip. Right heart hemodynamic study (Millar®) preceded organ harvesting for immunohistochemistry and mRNA analysis 7 and 21 days (d) post-occlusion. KEY FINDINGS LPA occlusion led to higher RV systolic pressure in Cnr2-/--hearts, while hemodynamics were comparable with WT-hearts after 21d. Cnr2-/--hearts showed higher macrophage infiltration and lower interleukin-10 expression after 7 d, but otherwise a comparable inflammatory mediator expression profile. Cardiomyocyte-hypertrophy was stronger in Cnr2-/--mice, presenting with higher tenascin-C expression than WT-hearts. Planimetry revealed higher collagen area in Cnr2-/--hearts and small areas of cardiomyocyte-loss. Surrounding cardiomyocytes were cleaved caspase-3- and TUNEL positive in Cnr2-/--hearts. This was associated by maladaptation of myosin heavy-chain isoforms and lower reactive oxygen scavenger enzymes induction in Cnr2-/--hearts. We found comparable morphological changes in both lungs between the two genotypes. SIGNIFICANCE LPA occlusion led to increased systolic pressure and adaptation of RV in CB2-deficient mice. CB2 receptor seems to modulate RV adaptation through expression of contractile elements, reactive oxygen scavenger enzymes, and inflammatory response in order to prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Ventricular Function, Right/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Daniel Duerr
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany.
| | - Andreas Feißt
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Halbach
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany
| | - Luise Verfuerth
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology I, Life&Brain Center, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Life&Brain Center, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Breuer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Dewald
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center Bonn, Germany
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10
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Yu W, Gu Y, Chen P, Luo J, Liu P, Chao Y, Chen SL, Zhang H. Norepinephrine stimulation downregulates the β 2 -adrenergic receptor-nitric oxide pathway in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1842-1850. [PMID: 30132872 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Norepinephrine (NE)-mediated vasoconstriction plays an important role in pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease (PH-LHD). However, the role of NE-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PH-LHD remains to be elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the NE concentration in the plasma of patients with PH-LHD was higher and the nitrate-nitrite concentration was lower than those in the control group. NE treatment decreased phospho-Ser633-eNOS and β2 -adrenergic receptor (β2 -AR) levels in the membrane of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) analysed by western blot analysis. Consistently, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed that nitric oxide (NO) production was also decreased in HPAECs. Coimmunoprecipitation confirmed a direct interaction between β2 -AR and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Overexpression of β2 -AR attenuated the decline in phospho-Ser633-eNOS and NO production. Additionally, the expression of phospho-Ser633-eNOS and β2 -AR was decreased in human pulmonary artery endothelium. Finally, our results indicate that NE stimulated HPAEC proliferation, which was blocked by protein kinase A inhibitor or protein kinase B (PKB-AKT) inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a novel mechanism for NE-decreased endothelium-derived NO and NE-induced HPAEC proliferation that leads to PH-LHD, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for PH-LHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wande Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - PeiP Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuelin Chao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Matthey M, Roberts R, Seidinger A, Simon A, Schröder R, Kuschak M, Annala S, König GM, Müller CE, Hall IP, Kostenis E, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Targeted inhibition of G q signaling induces airway relaxation in mouse models of asthma. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/407/eaag2288. [PMID: 28904224 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive lung diseases are common causes of disability and death worldwide. A hallmark feature is aberrant activation of Gq protein-dependent signaling cascades. Currently, drugs targeting single G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are used to reduce airway tone. However, therapeutic efficacy is often limited, because various GPCRs contribute to bronchoconstriction, and chronic exposure to receptor-activating medications results in desensitization. We therefore hypothesized that pharmacological Gq inhibition could serve as a central mechanism to achieve efficient therapeutic bronchorelaxation. We found that the compound FR900359 (FR), a membrane-permeable inhibitor of Gq, was effective in silencing Gq signaling in murine and human airway smooth muscle cells. Moreover, FR both prevented bronchoconstrictor responses and triggered sustained airway relaxation in mouse, pig, and human airway tissue ex vivo. Inhalation of FR in healthy wild-type mice resulted in high local concentrations of the compound in the lungs and prevented airway constriction without acute effects on blood pressure and heart rate. FR administration also protected against airway hyperreactivity in murine models of allergen sensitization using ovalbumin and house dust mite as allergens. Our findings establish FR as a selective Gq inhibitor when applied locally to the airways of mice in vivo and suggest that pharmacological blockade of Gq proteins may be a useful therapeutic strategy to achieve bronchorelaxation in asthmatic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Matthey
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Richard Roberts
- Pharmacology Research Group, University Hospital of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander Seidinger
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Simon
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Schröder
- Molecular, Cellular, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Kuschak
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Suvi Annala
- Molecular, Cellular, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele M König
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,PharmaCenter, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,PharmaCenter, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular, and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,PharmaCenter, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. .,PharmaCenter, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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12
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Ozkan MH, Uma S. β-adrenergic Receptor Blocker ICI 118,551 Selectively Increases Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel (IKCa
)-Mediated Relaxations in Rat Main Mesenteric Artery. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 122:570-576. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Hacer Ozkan
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Serdar Uma
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
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13
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Neumann V, Knies R, Seidinger A, Simon A, Lorenz K, Matthey M, Breuer J, Wenzel D. The β
2
agonist terbutaline specifically decreases pulmonary arterial pressure under normoxia and hypoxia via a adrenoceptor antagonism. FASEB J 2018; 32:2519-2530. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700684rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Neumann
- Life and Brain Center Institute of Physiology I Medical Faculty University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Ralf Knies
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Pediatric Heart Center University Clinic Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Alexander Seidinger
- Life and Brain Center Institute of Physiology I Medical Faculty University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Annika Simon
- Life and Brain Center Institute of Physiology I Medical Faculty University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Leibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften (ISAS) Dortmund Germany
| | - Michaela Matthey
- Life and Brain Center Institute of Physiology I Medical Faculty University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Johannes Breuer
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Pediatric Heart Center University Clinic Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Life and Brain Center Institute of Physiology I Medical Faculty University of Bonn Bonn Germany
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14
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Sourbron J, Smolders I, de Witte P, Lagae L. Pharmacological Analysis of the Anti-epileptic Mechanisms of Fenfluramine in scn1a Mutant Zebrafish. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:191. [PMID: 28428755 PMCID: PMC5382218 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is a genetic encephalopathy that is characterized by severe seizures and prominent co-morbidities (e.g., physical, intellectual disabilities). More than 85% of the DS patients carry an SCN1A mutation (sodium channel, voltage gated, type I alpha subunit). Although numerous anti-epileptic drugs have entered the market since 1990, these drugs often fail to adequately control seizures in DS patients. Nonetheless, current clinical data shows significant seizure reduction in DS patients treated with the serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) drug fenfluramine (FA). Recent preclinical research confirmed the anti-epileptiform activity of FA in homozygous scn1a mutant zebrafish larvae that mimic DS well. Here we explored the anti-epileptiform mechanisms of FA by investigating whether selective agonists/antagonists of specific receptor subtypes were able to counteract the FA-induced inhibition of seizures and abnormal brain discharges observed in the scn1a mutants. We show that antagonists of 5-HT1D and 5-HT2C receptor subtypes were able to do so (LY 310762 and SB 242084, respectively), but notably, a 5-HT2A-antagonist (ketanserin) was not. In addition, exploring further the mechanism of action of FA beyond its serotonergic profile, we found that the anti-epileptiform brain activity of FA was significantly abolished when it was administered in combination with a σ1-agonist (PRE 084). Our study therefore provides the first evidence of an involvement of the σ1 receptor in the mechanism of FA. We further show that the level of some neurotransmitters [i.e., dopamine and noradrenaline (NAD)] in head homogenates was altered after FA treatment, whereas γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate levels were not. Of interest, NAD-decreasing drugs have been employed successfully in the treatment of neurological diseases; including epilepsy and this effect could contribute to the therapeutic effect of the compound. In summary, we hypothesize that the anti-epileptiform activity of FA not only originates from its 5-HT1D- and 5-HT2C-agonism, but likely also from its ability to block σ1 receptors. These findings will help in better understanding the pharmacological profile of compounds that is critical for their applicability in the treatment of DS and possibly also other drug-resistant epilepsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Sourbron
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | | | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Lieven Lagae
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Section Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
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15
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Vosen S, Rieck S, Heidsieck A, Mykhaylyk O, Zimmermann K, Plank C, Gleich B, Pfeifer A, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Improvement of vascular function by magnetic nanoparticle-assisted circumferential gene transfer into the native endothelium. J Control Release 2016; 241:164-173. [PMID: 27667178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising approach for chronic disorders that require continuous treatment such as cardiovascular disease. Overexpression of vasoprotective genes has generated encouraging results in animal models, but not in clinical trials. One major problem in humans is the delivery of sufficient amounts of genetic vectors to the endothelium which is impeded by blood flow, whereas prolonged stop-flow conditions impose the risk of ischemia. In the current study we have therefore developed a strategy for the efficient circumferential lentiviral gene transfer in the native endothelium under constant flow conditions. For that purpose we perfused vessels that were exposed to specially designed magnetic fields with complexes of lentivirus and magnetic nanoparticles thereby enabling overexpression of therapeutic genes such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This treatment enhanced NO and VEGF production in the transduced endothelium and resulted in a reduction of vascular tone and increased angiogenesis. Thus, the combination of MNPs with magnetic fields is an innovative strategy for site-specific and efficient vascular gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vosen
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Rieck
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Olga Mykhaylyk
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Therapy Research, TU München, Germany
| | - Katrin Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Plank
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Therapy Research, TU München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Gleich
- Zentralinstitut für Medizintechnik (IMETUM), TU München, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University Clinic of Bonn, Germany.
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16
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Garza AE, Pojoga LH, Moize B, Hafiz WM, Opsasnick LA, Siddiqui WT, Horenstein M, Adler GK, Williams GH, Khalil RA. Critical Role of Striatin in Blood Pressure and Vascular Responses to Dietary Sodium Intake. Hypertension 2015; 66:674-80. [PMID: 26169051 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Striatin is a protein regulator of vesicular trafficking in neurons that also binds caveolin-1 and Ca(2+)-calmodulin and could activate endothelial nitric oxide synthase. We have shown that striatin colocalizes with the mineralocorticoid receptor and that mineralocorticoid receptor activation increases striatin levels in vascular cells. To test whether striatin is a regulator of vascular function, wild-type and heterozygous striatin-deficient mice (Strn(+/-)) were randomized in crossover intervention to restricted (0.03%) and liberal sodium (1.6%) diets for 7 days on each diet, and blood pressure and aortic vascular function were measured. Compared with wild-type, sodium restriction significantly reduced blood pressure in Strn(+/-). On liberal salt intake, phenylephrine and high KCl caused a greater vascular contraction in Strn(+/-) than wild-type, and endothelium removal, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, and guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ enhanced phenylephrine contraction to a smaller extent in Strn(+/-) than wild-type. On liberal salt, acetylcholine relaxation was less in Strn(+/-) than in wild-type, and endothelium removal, L-NAME, and ODQ blocked acetylcholine relaxation, suggesting changes in endothelial NO-cGMP. On liberal salt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and the ratio of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activator pAkt/total Akt were decreased in Strn(+/-) versus wild-type. Vascular relaxation to NO donor sodium nitroprusside was not different among groups. Thus, striatin deficiency is associated with salt sensitivity of blood pressure, enhanced vasoconstriction, and decreased vascular relaxation, suggesting a critical role for striatin, through modulation of endothelial NO-cGMP, in regulation of vascular function and BP during changes in sodium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Garza
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Luminita H Pojoga
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Burhanuddin Moize
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Wan M Hafiz
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren A Opsasnick
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Waleed T Siddiqui
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Horenstein
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gail K Adler
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gordon H Williams
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- From the Cardiovascular Endocrine Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (A.E.G., L.H.P., B.M., W.M.H., G.K.A., G.H.W.), and Division of Vascular Surgery (L.A.O., W.T.S., M.H., R.A.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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17
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Yarova PL, Smirnov SV, Dora KA, Garland CJ. β₁-Adrenoceptor stimulation suppresses endothelial IK(Ca)-channel hyperpolarization and associated dilatation in resistance arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:875-86. [PMID: 23488860 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In small arteries, small conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (SK(Ca)) and intermediate conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (IK(Ca)) restricted to the vascular endothelium generate hyperpolarization that underpins the NO- and PGI₂-independent, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor response that is the predominate endothelial mechanism for vasodilatation. As neuronal IK(Ca) channels can be negatively regulated by PKA, we investigated whether β-adrenoceptor stimulation, which signals through cAMP/PKA, might influence endothelial cell hyperpolarization and as a result modify the associated vasodilatation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat isolated small mesenteric arteries were pressurized to measure vasodilatation and endothelial cell [Ca²⁺]i , mounted in a wire myograph to measure smooth muscle membrane potential or dispersed into endothelial cell sheets for membrane potential recording. KEY RESULTS Intraluminal perfusion of β-adrenoceptor agonists inhibited endothelium-dependent dilatation to ACh (1 nM-10 μM) without modifying the associated changes in endothelial cell [Ca²⁺]i . The inhibitory effect of β-adrenoceptor agonists was mimicked by direct activation of adenylyl cyclase with forskolin, blocked by the β-adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol (non-selective), atenolol (β₁) or the PKA inhibitor KT-5720, but remained unaffected by ICI 118 551 (β₂) or glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels channel blocker). Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to ACh was also inhibited by β-adrenoceptor stimulation in both intact arteries and in endothelial cells sheets. Blocking IK(Ca) {with 1 μM 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl]-1H-pyrazole (TRAM-34)}, but not SK(Ca) (50 nM apamin) channels prevented β-adrenoceptor agonists from suppressing either hyperpolarization or vasodilatation to ACh. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In resistance arteries, endothelial cell β₁-adrenoceptors link to inhibit endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and the resulting vasodilatation to ACh. This effect appears to reflect inhibition of endothelial IK(Ca) channels and may be one consequence of raised circulating catecholamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Yarova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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18
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Olschewski A, Papp R, Nagaraj C, Olschewski H. Ion channels and transporters as therapeutic targets in the pulmonary circulation. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:349-68. [PMID: 25108211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary circulation is a low pressure, low resistance, high flow system. The low resting vascular tone is maintained by the concerted action of ion channels, exchangers and pumps. Under physiological as well as pathophysiological conditions, they are targets of locally secreted or circulating vasodilators and/or vasoconstrictors, leading to changes in expression or to posttranslational modifications. Both structural changes in the pulmonary arteries and a sustained increase in pulmonary vascular tone result in pulmonary vascular remodeling contributing to morbidity and mortality in pediatric and adult patients. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the pivotal role of ion channels such as K(+) and Cl(-) or transient receptor potential channels in different cell types which are thought to play a key role in vasoconstrictive remodeling. This review focuses on ion channels, exchangers and pumps in the pulmonary circulation and summarizes their putative pathophysiological as well as therapeutic role in pulmonary vascular remodeling. A better understanding of the mechanisms of their actions may allow for the development of new options for attenuating acute and chronic pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling treating the devastating disease pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Experimental Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Rita Papp
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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19
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Synthesis, docking study and β-adrenoceptor activity of some new oxime ether derivatives. Molecules 2014; 19:3417-35. [PMID: 24658567 PMCID: PMC6271474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19033417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of oxime ethers 4a–z was designed and synthesized to test the blocking activity against β1 and β2-adrenergic receptors. Docking of these ether derivatives into the active site of the identified 3D structures of β1 and β2-adrenergic receptors showed MolDock scores comparable to those of reference compounds. Biological results revealed that the inhibition effects on the heart rate and contractility are less than those of propranolol. Nevertheless, the two compounds 4p and 4q that displayed the highest negative MolDock score with β2-adrenergic receptors showed β2-antagonistic activity by decreasing salbutamol relaxation of precontracted tracheal strips, which indicates the importance of a chlorothiophene moiety in the hydrophobic region for best complementarity with β2 receptors. On other hand, the presence of a homoveratryl moiety increases the MolDock score of the tested compounds with the β1 receptor.
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20
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Welschoff J, Matthey M, Wenzel D. RGD peptides induce relaxation of pulmonary arteries and airways
via
β3‐integrins. FASEB J 2014; 28:2281-92. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-246348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Aquilani R, La Rovere MT, Febo O, Baiardi P, Boschi F, Iadarola P, Viglio S, Dossena M, Bongiorno AI, Pastoris O, Verri M. Lung anabolic activity in patients with chronic heart failure: Potential implications for clinical practice. Nutrition 2012; 28:1002-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Hothersall JD, Black J, Caddick S, Vinter JG, Tinker A, Baker JR. The design, synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel β₂-adrenoceptor antagonists. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 164:317-31. [PMID: 21323900 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01269.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Selective and potent antagonists for the β(2) -adrenoceptor are potentially interesting as experimental and clinical tools, and we sought to identify novel ligands with this pharmacology. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A range of pharmacological assays was used to assess potency, affinity, selectivity (β(2) -adrenoceptor vs. β(1) -adrenoceptor) and efficacy. KEY RESULTS Ten novel compounds were identified but none had as high affinity as the prototypical β(2) -adrenoceptor blocker ICI-118,551, although one of the novel compounds was more selective for β(2) -adrenoceptors. Most of the ligands were inverse agonists for β(2) -adrenoceptor-cAMP signalling, although one (5217377) was a partial agonist and another a neutral antagonist (7929193). None of the ligands were efficacious with regard to β(2) -adrenoceptor-β-arrestin signalling. The (2S,3S) enantiomers were identified as the most active, although unusually the racemates were the most selective for the β(2) -adrenoceptors. This was taken as evidence for some unusual enantiospecific behaviour. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In terms of improving on the pharmacology of the ligand ICI-118,551, one of the compounds was more selective (racemic JB-175), while one was a neutral antagonist (7929193), although none had as high an affinity. The results substantiate the notion that β-blockers do more than simply inhibit receptor activation, and differences between the ligands could provide useful tools to investigate receptor biology.
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23
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Duarte T, Menezes-Rodrigues FS, Godinho RO. Contribution of the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway to dual coupling of β2-adrenoceptors to Gs and Gi proteins in mouse skeletal muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 341:820-8. [PMID: 22438472 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.192997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
β(2)-Adrenoceptor (β(2)-AR) agonists increase skeletal muscle contractile force via activation of G(s) protein/adenylyl cyclases (AC) and increased generation of cAMP. Herein, we evaluated the possible dual coupling of β(2)-AR to G(s) and G(i) proteins and the influence of the β(2)-AR/G(s)-G(i)/cAMP signaling cascade on skeletal muscle contraction. Assuming that the increment of intracellular cAMP is followed by cAMP efflux and extracellular generation of adenosine, the contribution of the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway on the β(2)-AR inotropic response was also addressed. The effects of clenbuterol/fenoterol (β(2)-AR agonists), forskolin (AC activator), cAMP/8-bromo-cAMP, and adenosine were evaluated on isometric contractility of mouse diaphragm muscle induced by supramaximal direct electrical stimulation (0.1 Hz, 2 ms duration). Clenbuterol/fenoterol (10-1000 μM), 1 μM forskolin, and 20 μM rolipram induced transient positive inotropic effects that peaked 30 min after stimulation onset, declining to 10 to 20% of peak levels in 30 min. The late descending phase of the β(2)-AR agonist inotropic effect was mimicked by either cAMP or adenosine and abolished by preincubation of diaphragm with pertussis toxin (PTX) (G(i) signaling inhibitor) or the organic anion transporter inhibitor probenecid, indicating a delayed coupling of β(2)-AR to G(i) protein which depends on cAMP efflux. Remarkably, the PTX-sensitive β(2)-AR inotropic effect was inhibited by the A(1) adenosine receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine and ecto-5'-phosphodiesterase inhibitor α,β-methyleneadenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt, indicating that β(2)-AR coupling to G(i) is indirect and dependent on A(1) receptor activation. The involvement of the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway in β(2)-AR signaling would provide a negative feedback loop that may limit stimulatory G protein-coupled receptor positive inotropism and potential deleterious effects of excessive contractile response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Duarte
- Division of Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Três de Maio, 100 São Paulo, SP Brazil 04044-020
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Herz K, Heinemann JC, Hesse M, Ottersbach A, Geisen C, Fuegemann CJ, Röll W, Fleischmann BK, Wenzel D. Live monitoring of small vessels during development and disease using the flt-1 promoter element. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 107:257. [PMID: 22382299 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vessel formation is of critical importance for organ function in the normal and diseased state. In particular, the labeling and quantitation of small vessels prove to be technically challenging using current approaches. We have, therefore, established a transgenic embryonic stem (ES) cell line and a transgenic mouse model where the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor VEGFR-1 (flt-1) promoter drives the expression of the live reporter eGFP. Fluorescence microscopy and immunostainings revealed endothelial-specific eGFP labeling of vascular networks. The expression pattern recapitulates that of the endogenous flt-1 gene, because small and large vessels are labeled by eGFP during embryonic development; after birth, the expression becomes more restricted to small vessels. We have explored this in the cardiovascular system more in detail and found that all small vessels and capillaries within the heart are strongly eGFP+. In addition, myocardial injuries have been induced in transgenic mice and prominent vascular remodeling, and an increase in endothelial cell area within the peri-infarct area could be observed underscoring the utility of this mouse model. Thus, the transgenic flt-1/eGFP models are powerful tools to investigate and quantify vascularization in vivo and to probe the effect of different compounds on vessel formation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Herz
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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Wenzel D, Rieck S, Vosen S, Mykhaylyk O, Trueck C, Eberbeck D, Trahms L, Zimmermann K, Pfeifer A, Fleischmann BK. Identification of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Combined Positioning and Lentiviral Transduction of Endothelial Cells. Pharm Res 2012; 29:1242-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Daly CJ, McGrath JC. Previously unsuspected widespread cellular and tissue distribution of β-adrenoceptors and its relevance to drug action. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 32:219-26. [PMID: 21429599 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of β-adrenoceptors in previously unsuspected cell types is contributing to the rethinking of new drug targets. Recent developments in β-adrenoceptor pharmacology might have excited and surprised James Black, given his interest in developing drugs based on the selective manipulation of receptors to alter physiological responses. β-adrenoceptors continue to generate surprises at molecular and pharmacological levels that often require knowledge of receptor location to interpret. In this review, we emphasize the use of fluorescent ligands as the most selective means of demonstrating receptor localization. Fluorescent ligand binding in live tissues can provide quantitative pharmacological data, under carefully controlled conditions, relevant to other signalling parameters. Consideration of the role of β-adrenoceptors in many cell types (previously ignored) is needed to understand the actions of drugs at β-adrenoceptors throughout the body, particularly in the lung epithelium, vascular endothelium, immune cells and other 'structural' and 'restorative' cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Daly
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, West Medical Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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Evans BA, Sato M, Sarwar M, Hutchinson DS, Summers RJ. Ligand-directed signalling at beta-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 159:1022-38. [PMID: 20132209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
beta-Adrenoceptors (ARs) classically mediate responses to the endogenous ligands adrenaline and noradrenaline by coupling to Gsalpha and stimulating cAMP production; however, drugs designed as beta-AR agonists or antagonists can activate alternative cell signalling pathways, with the potential to influence clinical efficacy. Furthermore, drugs acting at beta-ARs have differential capacity for pathway activation, described as stimulus trafficking, biased agonism, functional selectivity or ligand-directed signalling. These terms refer to responses where drug A has higher efficacy than drug B for one signalling pathway, but a lower efficacy than drug B for a second pathway. The accepted explanation for such responses is that drugs A and B have the capacity to induce or stabilize distinct active conformations of the receptor that in turn display altered coupling efficiency to different effectors. This is consistent with biophysical studies showing that drugs can indeed promote distinct conformational states. Agonists acting at beta-ARs display ligand-directed signalling, but many drugs acting as cAMP antagonists are also able to activate signalling pathways central to cell survival and proliferation or cell death. The observed complexity of drug activity at beta-ARs, prototypical G protein-coupled receptors, necessitates rethinking of the approaches used for screening and characterization of novel therapeutic agents. Most studies of ligand-directed signalling employ recombinant cell systems with high receptor abundance. While such systems are valid for examining upstream signalling events, such as receptor conformational changes and G protein activation, they are less robust when comparing downstream signalling outputs as these are likely to be affected by complex pathway interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn A Evans
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Pharmacology, Parkville, Vic, Australia
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Taylor DA, Abdel-Rahman AA. Novel strategies and targets for the management of hypertension. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2009; 57:291-345. [PMID: 20230765 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)57008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension, as the sole or comorbid component of a constellation of disorders of the cardiovascular (CV) system, is present in over 90% of all patients with CV disease and affects nearly 74 million individuals in the United States. The number of medications available to treat hypertension has dramatically increased during the past 3 decades to some 50 medications as new targets involved in the normal regulation of blood pressure have been identified, resulting in the development of new agents in those classes with improved therapeutic profiles (e.g., renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; RAAS). Despite these new agents, hypertension is not adequately managed in approximately 30% of patients, who are compliant with prescriptive therapeutics, suggesting that new agents and/or strategies to manage hypertension are still needed. Some of the newest classes of agents have targeted other components of the RAS, for example, the selective renin inhibitors, but recent advances in vascular biology have provided novel potential targets that may provide avenues for new agent development. These newer targets include downstream signaling participants in pathways involved in contraction, growth, hypertrophy, and relaxation. However, perhaps the most unique approach to the management of hypertension is a shift in strategy of using existing agents with respect to the time of day at which the agent is taken. This new strategy, termed "chronotherapy," has shown considerable promise in effectively managing hypertensive patients. Therefore, there remains great potential for future development of safe and effective agents and strategies to manage a disorder of the CV system of epidemic proportion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA
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