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Zhao C, He L, Li L, Deng F, Zhang M, Wang C, Qiu J, Gao Q. Prenatal glucocorticoids exposure and adverse cardiovascular effects in offspring. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1430334. [PMID: 39351527 PMCID: PMC11439645 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1430334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones fundamental to the body's normal physiological functions and are pivotal in fetal growth and development. During gestation, the mother's cortisol concentration (active GCs) escalates to accommodate the requirements of fetal organ development and maturation. A natural placental GCs barrier, primarily facilitated by 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2, exists between the mother and fetus. This enzyme transforms biologically active cortisol into biologically inactive corticosterone, thereby mitigating fetal GCs exposure. However, during pregnancy, the mother may be vulnerable to adverse factor exposures such as stress, hypoxia, caffeine, and synthetic GCs use. In these instances, maternal serum GCs levels may surge beyond the protective capacity of the placental GCs barrier. Moreover, these adverse factors could directly compromise the placental GCs barrier, resulting in excessive fetal exposure to GCs. It is well-documented that prenatal GCs exposure can detrimentally impact the offspring's cardiovascular system, particularly in relation to blood pressure, vascular function, and heart function. In this review, we succinctly delineate the alterations in GCs levels during pregnancy and the potential mechanisms driving these changes, and also analyze the possible causes of prenatal GCs exposure. Furthermore, we summarize the current advancements in understanding the adverse effects and mechanisms of prenatal GCs exposure on the offspring's cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei He
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengying Deng
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, China
| | - Junlan Qiu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Takeda Y, Demura M, Yoneda T, Takeda Y. Epigenetic Regulation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8099. [PMID: 39125667 PMCID: PMC11312206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important pathophysiological role in hypertension. Increased mRNA levels of the angiotensinogen angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin type 1 receptor gene, Agtr1a, and the aldosterone synthase gene, CYP11B2, have been reported in the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys in salt-sensitive hypertension. However, the mechanism of gene regulation in each component of the RAAS in cardiovascular and renal tissues is unclear. Epigenetic mechanisms, which are important for regulating gene expression, include DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and microRNA (miRNA) regulation. A close association exists between low DNA methylation at CEBP-binding sites and increased AGT expression in visceral adipose tissue and the heart of salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Several miRNAs influence AGT expression and are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Expression of both ACE and ACE2 genes is regulated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs. Expression of both angiotensinogen and CYP11B2 is reversibly regulated by epigenetic modifications and is related to salt-sensitive hypertension. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) exists in cardiovascular and renal tissues, in which many miRNAs influence expression and contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. Expression of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2) gene is also regulated by methylation and miRNAs. Epigenetic regulation of renal and vascular HSD11B2 is an important pathogenetic mechanism for salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimichi Takeda
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Saiseikai Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa 920-0353, Japan;
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 921-8641, Japan;
| | - Masashi Demura
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 921-8641, Japan;
| | - Takashi Yoneda
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 921-8641, Japan;
- Department of Health Promotion of Medicine of the Future, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 921-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshiyu Takeda
- Department of Health Promotion of Medicine of the Future, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 921-8641, Japan
- Hypertension Center, Asanogawa General Hospital, Kanazawa 910-8621, Japan
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Deng F, Lei J, Chen J, Zhao M, Zhao C, Fu M, Sun M, Zhang M, Qiu J, Gao Q. DNA methylation-mediated 11βHSD2 downregulation drives the increases in angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II within preeclamptic placentas. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23714. [PMID: 38814727 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400199r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex human-specific complication frequently associated with placental pathology. The local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the human placenta, which plays a crucial role in regulating placental function, has been extensively documented. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones. PE cases often have abnormalities in GCs levels and placental GCs barrier. Despite extensive speculation, there is currently no robust evidence indicating that GCs regulate placental RAS. This study aims to investigate these potential relationships. Plasma and placental samples were collected from both normal and PE pregnancies. The levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II (Ang II), cortisol, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11βHSD) were analyzed. In PE placentas, cortisol, ACE, and Ang II levels were elevated, while 11βHSD2 expression was reduced. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between ACE and cortisol levels in the placenta. A significant inverse correlation was found between the methylation statuses within the 11βHSD2 gene promoter and its expression, meanwhile, 11βHSD2 expression was negatively correlated with cortisol and ACE levels. In vitro experiments using placental trophoblast cells confirmed that active GCs can stimulate ACE transcription and expression through the GR pathway. Furthermore, 11βHSD2 knockdown could enhance this activating effect. An in vivo study using a rat model of intrauterine GCs overexposure during mid-to-late gestation suggested that excess GCs in utero lead to increased ACE and Ang II levels in the placenta. Collectively, this study provides the first evidence of the relationships between 11βHSD2 expression, GCs barrier, ACE, and Ang II levels in the placenta. It not only contributes to understanding the pathological features of the placental GCs barrier and RAS under PE conditions, also provides important information for revealing the pathological mechanism of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Deng
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third People's Hospital of Bengbu Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chenxuan Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mengyu Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junlan Qiu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wang B, Zhu Y, Wei B, Zeng H, Zhang P, Li L, Wang H, Wu X, Zheng Y, Sun M. miR-377-3p Regulates Hippocampal Neurogenesis via the Zfp462-Pbx1 Pathway and Mediates Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Prenatal Hypoxic Offspring. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1920-1935. [PMID: 37817032 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is one of the most common complications of obstetrics and is closely associated with many neurological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. Our previous study found that Zfp462 heterozygous (Het) mice exhibit significant anxiety-like behavior. Interestingly, offspring mice with PH also have anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood, accompanied by reduced expression of Zfp462 and increased expression of miR-377-3p; however, the exact regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, western blotting, gene knockdown, immunofluorescence, dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunoprecipitation, cell transfection with miR-377-3p mimics or inhibitors, quantitative real-time PCR, and rescue assay were used to detect changes in the miR-377-3p-Zfp462-Pbx1 (pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox1) pathway in the brains of prenatal hypoxic offspring to explain the pathogenesis of anxiety-like behaviors. We found that Zfp462 deficiency promoted Pbx1 protein degradation through ubiquitination and that Zfp462 Het mice showed downregulation of the protein kinase B (PKB, also called Akt)-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway and hippocampal neurogenesis with anxiety-like behavior. In addition, PH mice exhibited upregulation of miR-377-3p, downregulation of Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway activity, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, and an anxiety-like phenotype. Intriguingly, miR-377-3p directly targets the 3'UTR of Zfp462 mRNA to regulate Zfp462 expression. Importantly, microinjection of miR-377-3p antagomir into the hippocampal dentate gyrus of PH mice upregulated Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway activity, increased hippocampal neurogenesis, and improved anxiety-like behaviors. Collectively, our findings demonstrated a crucial role for miR-377-3p in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and anxiety-like behaviors via the Zfp462/Pbx1-Akt-GSK3β-CREB pathway. Therefore, miR-377-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for anxiety-like behavior in prenatal hypoxic offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongtao Zeng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Research Center, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yufang Zheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Research Center, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics & Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhao M, Lei J, Deng F, Zhao C, Xu T, Ji B, Fu M, Wang X, Sun M, Zhang M, Gao Q. Gestational Hypoxia Impaired Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthesis Via miR-155-5p/NADPH Oxidase/Reactive Oxygen Species Axis in Male Offspring Vessels. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032079. [PMID: 38240225 PMCID: PMC11056123 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) is the most important vasodilator secreted by vascular endothelial cells, and its abnormal synthesis is involved in the development of cardiovascular disease. The prenatal period is a critical time for development and largely determines lifelong vascular health in offspring. Given the high incidence and severity of gestational hypoxia in mid-late pregnancy, it is urgent to further explore whether it affects the long-term synthesis of NO in offspring vascular endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in a normoxic or hypoxic (10.5% O2) chamber from gestation days 10 to 20. The thoracic aortas of fetal and adult male offspring were isolated for experiments. Gestational hypoxia significantly reduces the NO-dependent vasodilation mediated by acetylcholine in both the fetal and adult offspring thoracic aorta rings. Meanwhile, acetylcholine-induced NO synthesis is impaired in vascular endothelial cells from hypoxic offspring thoracic aortas. We demonstrate that gestational hypoxic offspring exhibit a reduced endothelial NO synthesis capacity, primarily due to increased expression of NADPH oxidase 2 and enhanced reactive oxygen species. Additionally, gestational hypoxic offspring show elevated levels of miR-155-5p in vascular endothelial cells, which is associated with increased expression of NADPH oxidase 2 and reactive oxygen species generation, as well as impaired NO synthesis. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to demonstrate that gestational hypoxia impairs endothelial NO synthesis via the miR-155-5p/NADPH oxidase 2/reactive oxygen species axis in offspring vessels. These novel findings indicate that the detrimental effects of gestational hypoxia on fetal vascular function can persist into adulthood, providing new insights into the development of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaMaternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe Third People’s Hospital of Bengbu Affiliated to Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuAnhui ProvinceChina
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Fengying Deng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chenxuan Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Mengyu Fu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xietong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaMaternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaMaternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Center for Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health CommissionShandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaMaternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaMaternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Kumar K, Rawat P, Kaur S, Singh N, Yadav HN, Singh D, Jaggi AS, Sethi D. Unveiling Wide Spectrum Therapeutic Implications and Signaling Mechanisms of Valsartan in Diverse Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Drug Res Rev 2024; 16:268-288. [PMID: 37461345 DOI: 10.2174/2589977515666230717120828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Valsartan is an orally active non-peptide angiotensin receptor antagonist, an effective and well-tolerated anti-hypertensive drug. Besides its antihypertensive action, it has clinical implications in many other disorders, like heart failure (HF), arrhythmia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic complications (DM), atherosclerosis, etc. Besides angiotensin receptor blocking activity, valsartan reduces circulating levels of biochemical markers, such as hs-CRP, which is responsible for its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. Moreover, valsartan also acts by inhibiting or inducing various signalling pathways, such as inducing autophagy via the AKT/mTOR/S6K pathway or inhibiting the TLR/NF-kB pathway. The current review exhaustively discusses the therapeutic implications of valsartan with specific emphasis on the mechanism of action in various disorders. The article provides a detailed spectrum of the therapeutic profile of valsartan and will likely be very useful to researchers working in the relevant research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Simrat Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Harlokesh Narayan Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Dhandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Dimple Sethi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Khachigian LM. The MEK-ERK-Egr-1 axis and its regulation in cardiovascular disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107232. [PMID: 37734428 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Multiple molecular and cellular processes underpinning the pathogenesis of CVD are regulated by the zinc finger transcription factor and product of an immediate-early gene, early growth response-1 (Egr-1). Egr-1 regulates multiple pro-inflammatory processes that underpin the manifestation of CVD. The activity of Egr-1 itself is influenced by a range of post-translational modifications including sumoylation, ubiquitination and acetylation. Egr-1 also undergoes phosphorylation by protein kinases, such as extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) which is itself phosphorylated by MEK. This article reviews recent progress on the MEK-ERK-Egr-1 cascade, notably regulation in conjunction with factors and agents such as TET2, TRIB2, MIAT, SphK1, cAMP, teneligliptin, cholinergic drugs, red wine and flavonoids, wogonin, febuxostat, docosahexaenoic acid and AT1R blockade. Such insights should provide new opportunity for therapeutic intervention in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Lei J, Zhao M, Deng F, Xu T, Ji B, Wang X, Zhang M, Sun M, Gao Q. Prenatal dexamethasone exposure impaired vascular reactivity in adult male offspring cerebral arteries. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 181:46-56. [PMID: 37271369 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebrovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the largest and most complex of cerebral arteries. The prenatal period is a critical time for development, which largely determines lifelong health. Clinically, glucocorticoids (GCs) administration to accelerate preterm fetal lung maturation has become standard practice. Prenatal GCs administration increases cardiovascular risks in offspring, but little is known regarding the side effects on offspring MCA function. OBJECTIVE We investigated the alterations of MCA reactivity following prenatal GCs administration in postnatal offspring. METHOD AND RESULTS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received synthetic GCs (dexamethasone, DEX) during the last week of pregnancy, and we examined vascular reactivity, cellular electrophysiology, and gene promoter epigenetic modifications in the male offspring MCA. Our results showed that prenatal DEX exposure increased the sensitivity of offspring MCA to Angiotensin II, which was resulted from the increased Cav1.2 (L-type Ca2+ channels subunit alpha1 C). Mechanistically, prenatal DEX exposure resulted in a transcriptionally active chromatin structure at the Cav1.2 gene promoter by altering histone modifications. This activation led to increased expression of vascular Cav1.2 gene, ultimately resulting in increased MCA contractility in offspring. CONCLUSION The present study is the first to demonstrate that the adverse effects of prenatal GCs administration on cerebrovascular tone persist into adulthood, providing new insights into developmental origins of cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fengying Deng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xietong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China; Center for Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China.
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9
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Li N, Shi R, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Gu Y, Yin Y, Chen D, Tang J. Aging-induced down-regulation of Pka/Bkca pathway in rat cerebral arteries. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases increases significantly with aging. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that aging may influence the protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent vasodilation via RyR/BKCa pathway in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control (4-6 month-old) and aged (24-month-old) groups. The functions of MCA and ion channel activities in smooth muscle cells were examined using myograph system and patch-clamp. Aging decreased the isoproterenol/forskolin-induced relaxation in the MCA. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ (BKCa) channel inhibitor, iberiotoxin, significantly attenuated the forskolin-induced vasodilatation and hyperpolarization in the young group, but not in the aged group. The amplitude and frequency of spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) were significantly decreased in the aged group. Single channel recording revealed that the mean open time of BKCa channels were decreased, while an increased mean closed time of BKCa channels were found in the aged group. The Ca2+/voltage sensitivity of the channels was decreased accompanied by reduced BKCa α and β1-subunit, the expression of RyR2, PKA-Cα and PKA-Cβ subunits were also declined in the aged group. Aging induced down-regulation of PKA/BKCa pathway in cerebral artery in rats. The results provides new information on further understanding in cerebrovascular diseases resulted from age-related cerebral vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Tang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P. R. China. E-mail:
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Xu T, Ji B, Li L, Lei J, Zhao M, Sun M, Xu Z, Gao Q. Antenatal Dexamethasone Exposure Impairs Vascular Contractile Functions via Upregulating IP3 Receptor 1 and Cav1.2 in Adult Male Offspring. Hypertension 2022; 79:1997-2007. [PMID: 35762340 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Administration of antenatal glucocorticoids remains common practice for treating preterm delivery. Antenatal glucocorticoid exposure increased the risk of developing vascular diseases in later life, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of antenatal exposure to clinically relevant doses of dexamethasone (synthetic glucocorticoids) on vascular functions in adult male offspring. METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received dexamethasone or vehicle during the last week of pregnancy. Male offspring were killed at gestational day 21 (Fetus) or postnatal day 120 (adult offspring). Mesenteric arteries were collected for vascular function, electrophysiology, target gene expression, and promotor methylation studies. RESULTS Antenatal dexamethasone exposure increased phenylephrine-mediated vascular contractility in offspring, which was resulted by the activated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor and L-type Ca2+ channels. Specifically, increases of IP3R1 (IP3 receptor 1) and Cav1.2 (L-type Ca2+ channels subunit alpha1 C) were responsible for an activated IP3-Ca2+ pathway in the vasculature, and eventually predisposed the antenatal dexamethasone offspring to vascular hypercontractility. In addition, IP3R1 and Cav1.2 was upregulated through transcriptional mechanism; the overall changes in promotor histone modifications were consistent with the corresponding changes in transcriptional levels of the 2 genes, suggesting that antenatal dexamethasone exposure activated the transcription of IP3R1 and Cav1.2 via altering promotor histone modifications. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study demonstrated that antenatal dexamethasone exposure resulted in vascular adverse outcomes in male offspring that is linked to the increases of IP3R1 and Cav1.2 mediated by epigenetic modifications in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China (T.X., B.J., L.L., J.L., M.Z., M.S., Z.X., Q.G.)
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11
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Zhang Y, Pu J, Ding Y, Wu L, Yin Y, Sun M, Gu Y, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Zheng Q, He Q, Xu T, He Y, Su H, Zhou X, Li L, Ye Y, Li J, Xu Z. Sex Differences at Early Old Stage in Glycolipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Chinese Great Famine. Front Nutr 2022; 9:913966. [PMID: 35811949 PMCID: PMC9257182 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.913966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAbout 50 years ago, Chinese Great Famine (CGF) affected the entire population in China, and its long-term influence on the offspring has attracted significant attention for research. However, information on possible metabolic differences between sexes is limited. This study explored whether there might be sex differences in the risks of development of glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and fatty liver following prenatal exposure to CGF.Materials and MethodsThere were 11,417 subjects around 55 years of age (6,661 women and 4,756 men). They were divided as the exposed group in which the fetal stage was in CGF, and the unexposed group included those born after CGF. Analysis focused on comparisons between sexes.ResultsCompared to the unexposed group, the BMI and triglyceride (P < 0.05) in men were higher in exposed group, while waist circumference and blood sugar (P < 0.05) in the exposed women were significantly higher. With the ages being properly balanced, the risks of glycolipid metabolic dysfunction were significantly higher in both men and women in the exposed than in the unexposed group (P < 0.001). Prenatal exposure to CGF significantly increased risks of abnormal BMI (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.305–2.93), blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.050–1.401), triglycerides (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.006–1.245), and fatty liver (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.121–1.390) in men, and increased risks of abnormal blood sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.024–1.689) and positive urine sugar (P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.062–6.211) in women. Height and body weight were either the same or higher in the exposed subjects compared with the unexposed ones, regardless of sexes.ConclusionThis study is the first to identify sex differences in the long-term effects of CGF on metabolism and fatty liver. Importance of the findings include the benefits of prescribing medicine for the early prevention of certain diseases for each sex before aging based on the differences revealed. This study also shows “catch-up growth” in the offspring prenatally exposed to CGF as possible mechanisms underlying the long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Pu
- The Center of Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Yin
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingya Sun
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Daiyi Zhang
- The Center of Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiutong Zheng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinyuan He
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun He
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Su
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhice Xu,
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12
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Zhao M, Xu T, Lei J, Ji B, Gao Q. Unveiling the Role of DNA Methylation in Vascular CACNA1C Tissue–Specific Expression. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:872977. [PMID: 35711357 PMCID: PMC9197502 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.872977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNA1C) plays a critical role in many vascular physiological and pathological processes. Determining its tissue-specific expression pattern and clarifying the underlying molecular mechanisms are necessary and meaningful. Methods We selected several representative vessels from normal male Sprague-Dawley rats. Vessel tissue or primary vascular smooth muscle cells were isolated for vascular function, electrophysiology, gene expression and promoter methylation studies. Results We found CACNA1C had tissue-specific expressions in vessels. The specific manifestations were as follows: CACNA1C expression was highest in thoracic aorta, second lowest in middle cerebral and pulmonary artery, and lowest in mesenteric artery. Excitingly, an opposing trend was observed between CACNA1C expression and its promoter methylation. Conclusions This study was the first report to indicate that DNA methylation could be involved in regulating CACNA1C tissue-specific expressions and vasoconstriction function in vascular system. This study not only provided more information for further understanding the physiological characteristics of vascular CACNA1C expressions, also strengthened the idea that DNA methylation plays important roles in regulating vascular smooth muscle cells function and the consequent occurrence of vascular diseases.
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13
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Ji B, Lei J, Xu T, Zhao M, Cai H, Qiu J, Gao Q. Effects of prenatal hypoxia on placental glucocorticoid barrier: mechanistic insight from experiments in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 110:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Chavva H, Belcher AM, Brazeau DA, Rorabaugh BR. Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine Causes Vascular Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:830983. [PMID: 35155639 PMCID: PMC8826446 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.830983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use during pregnancy can have negative consequences on the offspring. However, most studies investigating the impact of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine have focused on behavioral and neurological outcomes. Relatively little is known regarding the impact of prenatal methamphetamine on the adult cardiovascular system. This study investigated the impact of chronic fetal exposure to methamphetamine on vascular function in adult offspring. Pregnant female rats received daily saline or methamphetamine (5 mg/kg) injections starting on gestational day 1 and continuing until the pups were born. Vascular function was assessed in 5 month old offspring. Prenatal methamphetamine significantly decreased both the efficacy and potency of acetylcholine-induced relaxation in isolated male (but not female) aortas when perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) remained intact. However, prenatal methamphetamine had no impact on acetylcholine-induced relaxation when PVAT was removed. Nitroprusside-induced relaxation of the aorta was unaffected by prenatal methamphetamine. Angiotensin II-induced contractile responses were significantly potentiated in male (but not female) aortas regardless of the presence of PVAT. This effect was reversed by L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Serotonin- and phenylephrine-induced contraction were unaffected by prenatal methamphetamine. Prenatal methamphetamine had no impact on acetylcholine-induced relaxation of third order mesenteric arteries and no effect on basal blood pressure. These data provide evidence that prenatal exposure to methamphetamine sex-dependently alters vasomotor function in the vasculature and may increase the risk of developing vascular disorders later in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasitha Chavva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Adam M Belcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Daniel A Brazeau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Boyd R Rorabaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
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15
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Qiu J, Fan X, Ding H, Zhao M, Xu T, Lei J, Ji B, Zhuang Z, Gao Q. Antenatal dexamethasone retarded fetal long bones growth and development by down-regulating of insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in fetal rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211072870. [PMID: 35148621 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211072870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been widely used as a medication for premature delivery. However, the side effects of antenatal DEX treatment on fetal bone development, as well as the underlying mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Here, we aimed to explore the effects and the related mechanisms of antenatal DEX exposure during late pregnancy on fetal bone growth and development. METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into DEX group and vehicle group from gestational day 14 (GD14). Pregnant rats in DEX group were intraperitoneally injected once with DEX (200 µg/kg body weight) on GD14, 16, 18, and 20. The vehicle group rats were administered the same amount of normal saline at the same time. Pregnant rats were anesthetized at GD21 to harvest fetal femurs for analysis. RESULTS Antenatal DEX treatment delayed fetal skeletal growth via inhibiting extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and downregulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling. Several components of IGF1 signaling pathway, including IGF1 receptor, insulin receptor substrate, as well as serine-threonine protein kinase, were down-regulated in fetal growth plate chondrocytes following DEX treatment. CONCLUSION This study indicated that antenatal DEX treatment-retarded fetal skeletal growth was associated with the down-regulation of IGF1 signaling in growth plate chondrocytes, providing important information about the impact of antenatal DEX application four courses on premature infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Qiu
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, 105860Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Ding
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, 105860Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, 74566First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Blood DNA Methylation Predicts Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040785. [PMID: 35215435 PMCID: PMC8880442 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progresses at different rates among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Early identification of patients with a higher risk of DKD progression is essential to improve prognosis. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, have been independently implicated in T2D and chronic kidney disease. The current study aimed to determine changes in blood DNA methylation that reflects and predicts DKD progression. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) from weaning and subclassified into two groups, HFD-1 and HFD-2, according to urinary kidney injury marker KIM-1/creatinine ratios (low vs. high) and histological abnormalities (mild–moderate vs. advanced). DNA methylation profiles were determined by reduced representative bisulfide sequencing (RRBS). Our results confirmed early and established DKD at week 9 and week 32, respectively. At week 32, advanced kidney injury was associated with dysregulation of methylation and demethylation enzymes in the kidney. Blood RRBS revealed 579 and 203 differentially methylated sites (DMS) between HFD-1 and HFD-2 animals at week 32 and week 9, respectively, among which 11 were common. The DMS in blood and kidney at week 32 were both related to organ development, neurogenesis, cell junction, and Wnt signalling, while the DMS in blood at week 9 suggested a specific enrichment of kidney development processes. In conclusion, our data strongly support the implication of early blood DNA methylation modifications and DKD progression in T2D that could be used to improve the disease’s prognostication.
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17
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Ding H, Ding Z, Zhao M, Ji B, Lei J, Chen J, Li M, Li M, Chen Y, Gao Q. Correlation of amniotic fluid index and placental aquaporin 1 levels in terms of preeclampsia. Placenta 2021; 117:169-178. [PMID: 34929457 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) plays an important role in regulation of maternal-fetal fluid exchange and amniotic fluid volume. This present study aimed to determine the relationship between amniotic fluid index and placental AQP1 levels in terms of preeclampsia, and to reveal possible pathophysiological changes of AQP1 expression under preeclamptic conditions. METHODS Placental tissues and medical records information were obtained from 389 preeclamptic and 447 uncomplicated pregnancies. Placental AQP1 levels were analyzed by molecular biological methods, DNA methylation within gene promotor was determined by targeted bisulfite sequencing assay. RESULTS Here, we found that preeclamptic pregnancy had a greater frequency of oligohydramnios, and higher placental AQP1 levels. There was a significantly inverse correlation between amniotic fluid index and placental AQP1 levels in preeclampsia cases. Additionally, the increased AQP1 was correlated with a decreased DNA methylation within its gene promoter. DISCUSSION Overall, this was the first description that a greater frequency of oligohydramnios in preeclampsia was strongly associated with reprogrammed AQP1 expression via a DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic mechanism. This study suggested AQP1 might play an important role in regulating maternal-fetal fluid balance under preeclamptic conditions, providing new information for further understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of oligohydramnios in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Ding
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Youguo Chen
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Abstract
Early growth response‐1 (Egr‐1) is a master regulator and transcriptional sensor in vascular dysfunction and disease. This article reviews recent developments in our understanding of the regulatory roles this zinc finger protein and product of an immediate‐early gene plays in a range of cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders. Egr‐1 can amplify pathologic signals from the extracellular environment by serving as a molecular conduit in the inducible expression of proliferative, migratory and proinflammatory genes driving disease progression. Strategies targeting Egr‐1 may provide therapeutic benefit in cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
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19
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Chen Y, Li S, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Shi L. Aerobic training-mediated DNA hypermethylation of Agtr1a and Mas1 genes ameliorate mesenteric arterial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:8033-8044. [PMID: 34743271 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The imbalance of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator axes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is observed in hypertension. Exercise regulates RAS level and improves vascular function. This study focused on the contribution of RAS axes in vascular function of mesenteric arteries and exercise-induced DNA methylation of the Agtr1a (AT1aR) and Mas1 (MasR) genes in hypertension. METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomized into exercise or sedentary group. Levels of plasma RAS components, vascular tone, and DNA methylation markers were measured. RESULTS Blood pressure of SHR was markedly reduced after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise. RAS peptides in plasma were all increased with an imbalanced upregulation of Ang II and Ang-(1-7) in SHR, exercise revised the level of RAS and increased Ang-(1-7)/Ang II. The vasoconstriction response induced by Ang II was mainly via type 1 receptors (AT1R), while this contraction was inhibited by Mas receptor (MasR). mRNA and protein of AT1R and MasR were both upregulated in SHR, whereas exercise significantly suppressed this imbalanced increase and increased MasR/AT1R ratio. Exercise hypermethylated Agtr1a and Mas1 genes, associating with increased DNMT1 and DNMT3b and SAM/SAH. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise ameliorates vascular function via hypermethylation of the Agtr1a and Mas1 genes and restores the vasoconstrictor and vasodilator axes balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhaoxia Xu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huirong Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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20
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Epigenetic processes during preeclampsia and effects on fetal development and chronic health. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2307-2327. [PMID: 34643675 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, is associated with poor fetal growth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and low birth weight (LBW). Offspring of women who had PE are at increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease later in life. However, the exact etiology of PE is unknown. Moreover, there are no effective interventions to treat PE or alleviate IUGR and the developmental origins of chronic disease in the offspring. The placenta is critical to fetal growth and development. Epigenetic regulatory processes such as histone modifications, microRNAs and DNA methylation play an important role in placental development including contributions to the regulation of trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the spiral arteries. Epigenetic processes that lead to changes in placental gene expression in PE mediate downstream effects that contribute to the development of placenta dysfunction, a critical mediator in the onset of PE, impaired fetal growth and IUGR. Therefore, this review will focus on epigenetic processes that contribute to the pathogenesis of PE and IUGR. Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to normal placental development and the initiating events in PE may lead to novel therapeutic targets in PE that improve fetal growth and mitigate increased CV risk in the offspring.
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