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Zhao H, Dan P, Xi J, Chen Z, Zhang P, Wei W, Zhao Y. Novel soybean polypeptide dglycin alleviates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126347. [PMID: 37586634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a dominant cause of cardiovascular disease. Accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), formation of foam cells, and endothelial dysfunction within the arterial intima contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Soy consumption is thought to have positive effect on the prevention of atherosclerosis. Therefore, in the present study, a novel soybean polypeptide dglycin was purified and characterized. Oral administration of 20 mg/g.d dglycin reduced 47.6 % lesion area, and 49.1 % lipid deposition in the atherosclerotic plaques in aortic roots in ApoE-/- mice. In addition, it decreased the levels of 26.0 % plasma low-density lipoprotein, 27.2 % triglyceride, 40.1 % cholesterol, 25.1 % malondialdehyde and 24.2 % tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). In vitro experiments revealed that dglycin inhibited inflammatory cytokine secretion from aortic endothelial cells via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, it inhibited reactive oxygen species generation, subsequently enhanced cell viability, and protected aortic endothelial cells from necrosis and apoptosis via mitochondrial function improvement. On the other hand, dglycin prevented the uptake of oxidized LDL by macrophages via suppressing the expression of scavenger receptor class A1, which suggested that dglycin prevented foam cell formation. Therefore, dglycin alleviated the early-stage of atherosclerosis via depressing inflammation, lipid deposition, protecting aortic endothelial cells and preventing foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Dan
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Zhong Shi Du Qing (Shandong) Biotechnology Company, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Zhong Shi Du Qing (Shandong) Biotechnology Company, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Wang J, Zheng Z, Cui X, Dai C, Li J, Zhang Q, Cheng M, Jiang F. A transcriptional program associated with cell cycle regulation predominates in the anti-inflammatory effects of CX-5461 in macrophage. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:926317. [PMID: 36386132 PMCID: PMC9644203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.926317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
CX-5461, a novel selective RNA polymerase I inhibitor, shows potential anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of CX-5461 on macrophage-mediated inflammation remain to be clarified. In the present study, we attempted to identify the systemic biological processes which were modulated by CX-5461 in inflammatory macrophages. Primary peritoneal macrophages were isolated from normal Sprague Dawley rats, and primed with lipopolysaccharide or interferon-γ. Genome-wide RNA sequencing was performed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were used for gene functional annotations. Enrichment analysis was conducted using the ClusterProfiler package of R software. We found that CX-5461 principally induced a molecular signature related to cell cycle inhibition in primed macrophages, featuring downregulation of genes encoding cell cycle mediators and concomitant upregulation of cell cycle inhibitors. At the same concentration, however, CX-5461 did not induce a systemic anti-inflammatory transcriptional program, although some inflammatory genes such as IL-1β and gp91phox NADPH oxidase were downregulated by CX-5461. Our data further highlighted a central role of p53 in orchestrating the molecular networks that were responsive to CX-5461 treatment. In conclusion, our study suggested that limiting cell proliferation predominated in the inhibitory effects of CX-5461 on macrophage-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province and Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research (Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese National Health Commission), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaopei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province and Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaochao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province and Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research (Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese National Health Commission), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province and Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province and Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Kotlyarov S. Analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:34-54. [PMID: 35189051 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important medical and social problem, and the keys to solving this problem are still largely unknown. A common situation in real clinical practice is the comorbid course of atherosclerosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Diseases share some common risk factors and may be closely linked pathogenetically. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to examine the gene ontology (GO) of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. DEGs were identified using the limma R package with the settings p < 0.05, corrected using the Benjamini & Hochberg algorithm and ǀlog 2FCǀ > 1.0. The GO, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. RESULTS The biological processes and signaling pathways involving common DEGs from airway epithelial datasets in COPD and tissue in peripheral atherosclerosis were identified. A total of 15 DEGs were identified, comprising 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated DEGs. The GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated hub genes were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, regulation of angiogenesis, icosanoid biosynthetic process, and cellular response to a chemical stimulus. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the common pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. CONCLUSIONS Biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune response may link the development and progression of COPD and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026, Ryazan, Russian Federation
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4
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Chen JJ, Tao J, Zhang XL, Xia LZ, Zeng JF, Zhang H, Wei DH, Lv YC, Li GH, Wang Z. Inhibition of the ox-LDL-Induced Pyroptosis by FGF21 of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through the TET2-UQCRC1-ROS Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:661-670. [PMID: 32101022 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone-like member of the FGF family that is associated with cell death in atherosclerosis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effect of FGF21 on endothelial cell pyroptosis and its potential mechanisms were investigated. Results showed that FGF21 inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced pyroptosis and related molecular expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mitochondrial function was damaged by ox-LDL and restored by FGF21. A mechanism proved that ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase core protein I (UQCRC1) was downregulated by ox-LDL and upregulated by FGF21. Further, the silencing of UQCRC1 aggravated HUVEC pyroptosis and impaired mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET2) was involved in the regulation of UQCRC1 expression and pyroptosis. In summary, FGF21 inhibited ox-LDL-induced HUVEC pyroptosis through the TET2-UQCRC1-ROS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | | | - Lin-Zhen Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun-Fa Zeng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dang-Heng Wei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Aoyagi Y, Furuyama T, Inoue K, Matsuda D, Matsubara Y, Okahara A, Ago T, Nakashima Y, Mori M, Matsumoto T. Attenuation of Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension in BubR1 Low-Expression Mice Via Repression of Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Overexpression. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011911. [PMID: 31787052 PMCID: PMC6912983 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Angiotensin II (Ang II) can cause hypertension and tissue impairment via AGTR1 (Ang II receptor type 1), particularly in renal proximal tubule cells, and can cause DNA damage in renal cells via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. BubR1 (budding uninhibited by benzimidazole-related 1) is a multifaceted kinase that functions as a mitotic checkpoint. BubR1 expression can be induced by Ang II in smooth muscle cells in vitro, but the relationship between systemic BubR1 expression and the Ang II response is unclear. Methods and Results Twenty 24-week-old male BubR1 low-expression mice (BubR1L/L mice) and age-matched BubR1+/+ mice were used in this study. We investigated how Ang II stimulation affects BubR1L/L mice. The elevated systolic blood pressure caused by Ang II stimulation in BubR1+/+ mice was significantly attenuated in BubR1L/L mice. Additionally, an attenuated level of Ang II-induced perivascular fibrosis was observed in the kidneys of BubR1L/L mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the overexpression of AGTR1 induced by Ang II stimulation was repressed in BubR1L/L mice. We evaluated AGTR1 and Nox-4 (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4) levels to determine the role of BubR1 in the Ang II response. Results from in vitro assays of renal proximal tubule cells suggest that treatment with small interfering RNA targeting BubR1 suppressed Ang II-induced overexpression of AGTR1. Similarly, the upregulation in Nox4 and Jun N-terminal kinase induced by Ang II administration was repressed by treatment with small interfering RNA targeting BubR1. Conclusions Ang II-induced hypertension is caused by AGTR1 overexpression in the kidneys via the upregulation of BubR1 and Nox4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiko Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tadashi Furuyama
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kentaro Inoue
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsuda
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsubara
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Arihide Okahara
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakashima
- Division of Pathology Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery and Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,Department of Vascular Surgery Graduate School of Medical Sciences International University of Health and Welfare Chiba Japan
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Immunobiology of Atherosclerosis: A Complex Net of Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215293. [PMID: 31653058 PMCID: PMC6862594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and atherosclerosis the principal factor underlying cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, intimal lipid deposition, smooth muscle cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and necrosis, and local and systemic inflammation, involving key contributions to from innate and adaptive immunity. The balance between proatherogenic inflammatory and atheroprotective anti-inflammatory responses is modulated by a complex network of interactions among vascular components and immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T, B, and foam cells; these interactions modulate the further progression and stability of the atherosclerotic lesion. In this review, we take a global perspective on existing knowledge about the pathogenesis of immune responses in the atherosclerotic microenvironment and the interplay between the major innate and adaptive immune factors in atherosclerosis. Studies such as this are the basis for the development of new therapies against atherosclerosis.
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7
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Suárez-Rivero JM, Pastor-Maldonado CJ, de la Mata M, Villanueva-Paz M, Povea-Cabello S, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Villalón-García I, Suárez-Carrillo A, Talaverón-Rey M, Munuera M, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Atherosclerosis and Coenzyme Q 10. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205195. [PMID: 31635164 PMCID: PMC6834161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiac deaths worldwide. Classically, atherosclerosis has been explained as a simple arterial lipid deposition with concomitant loss of vascular elasticity. Eventually, this condition can lead to consequent blood flow reduction through the affected vessel. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that more factors than lipid accumulation are involved in arterial damage at the cellular level, such as inflammation, autophagy impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction, and/or free-radical overproduction. In order to consider the correction of all of these pathological changes, new approaches in atherosclerosis treatment are necessary. Ubiquinone or coenzyme Q10 is a multifunctional molecule that could theoretically revert most of the cellular alterations found in atherosclerosis, such as cholesterol biosynthesis dysregulation, impaired autophagy flux and mitochondrial dysfunction thanks to its redox and signaling properties. In this review, we will show the latest advances in the knowledge of the relationships between coenzyme Q10 and atherosclerosis. In addition, as atherosclerosis phenotype is closely related to aging, it is reasonable to believe that coenzyme Q10 supplementation could be beneficial for both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Suárez-Rivero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Carmen J Pastor-Maldonado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mario de la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Marina Villanueva-Paz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Irene Villalón-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Manuel Munuera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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8
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Liu JX, Li X, Ji WJ, Yan LF, Li T, Li YX, Xu ZW, Yang GH, Li YM, Zhao JH, Zhou X. The Dynamics of Circulating Monocyte Subsets and Intra-Plaque Proliferating Macrophages during the Development of Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice. Int Heart J 2019; 60:746-755. [PMID: 31019169 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To detect the development of monocytes and proliferative macrophages in atherosclerosis of ApoE-/- mice, we randomly assigned 84 ApoE-/- mice fed western diet or chow diet. On weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 after fed high-fat diet or normal chow diet, animals were euthanized (n = 7 for each group at each time point). Flow cytometry methods were used to analyze the proportions of circulation monocyte subsets. The macrophage and proliferative macrophage accumulation within atherosclerotic plaques was estimated by confocal florescence microscopy. Plasma levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured by ELISA kit. The plaques of aortic sinus were stained with Oil Red O. The percent of Ly6Chi circulation monocyte, the density of proliferation macrophage, the total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, the lesion area of ApoE-/- mice were consistently elevated in chow diet throughout the trial. The total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, the lesion area were elevated in western diet group with age, and they were always higher than the chow diet group. The Ly6Chi monocytes and proliferative macrophages reached a plateau at 8 weeks and 6 weeks; despite continued high-triglyceride high-cholesterol diet the percent did not significantly change. Interestingly, the density of macrophage did not change significantly over age in western and chow diet groups. Our results provide a dynamic view of Ly6Chi monocyte subset, the density of macrophage and proliferation macrophage change during the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which is relevant for designing new treatment strategies targeting mononuclear phagocytes in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | | | - Wen-Jie Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Li-Fang Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Tan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Yu-Xiu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Zhong-Wei Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Guo-Hong Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Ji-Hong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
| | - Xin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Logistics University of PAPF
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9
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Wang F, Zhang Z, Fang A, Jin Q, Fang D, Liu Y, Wu J, Tan X, Wei Y, Jiang C, Song X. Macrophage Foam Cell-Targeting Immunization Attenuates Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3127. [PMID: 30687328 PMCID: PMC6335275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Macrophage foam cells (FCs) play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Reducing the formation or inducing the removal of FCs could ameliorate atherosclerosis. The present study examined whether the whole-cell vaccination using FCs could be used as novel prevention and treatment strategies to battle atherosclerosis. Methods: ApoE−/− mice with initial or established atherosclerosis were subcutaneously immunized three times with FCs in Freund's adjuvant. Results: Immunization with FCs resulted in an overt reduction of atherosclerotic lesion in the whole aorta and the aortic root with enhanced lesion stability. Subsequent study in mechanism showed that FCs vaccination dramatically increased CD4+ T cell and CD8+ T cell populations. Immunization with FCs significantly raised the plasma FCs-specific IgG antibodies. Of note, the FCs immune plasma could selectively recognize and bind to FC. FCs immune plasma significantly blocked the process of FCs formation, finally reduced the accumulation of FCs in plaque. Additionally, it was observed that FCs immunization down-regulated the expression level of atherosclerosis related pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, MCP-1, and IL-6 and enhanced the lesion stability with a significant increase in TGF-β1 level and collagen content. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the whole-cell vaccination using FCs significantly decreased lesion development and positively modulated lesion progression and stability by targeting FCs. The whole-cell FCs vaccine might represent a potential novel strategy for development of new antibodies and vaccines to the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazhan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Aiping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quansheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dailong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- Department of Pathology/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Medical School of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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The Selective RNA Polymerase I Inhibitor CX-5461 Mitigates Neointimal Remodeling in a Modified Model of Rat Aortic Transplantation. Transplantation 2018; 102:1674-1683. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Disrupting LXRα phosphorylation promotes FoxM1 expression and modulates atherosclerosis by inducing macrophage proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E6556-E6565. [PMID: 29950315 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721245115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key immune cells for the initiation and development of atherosclerotic lesions. However, the macrophage regulatory nodes that determine how lesions progress in response to dietary challenges are not fully understood. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are sterol-regulated transcription factors that play a central role in atherosclerosis by integrating cholesterol homeostasis and immunity. LXR pharmacological activation elicits a robust antiatherosclerotic transcriptional program in macrophages that can be affected by LXRα S196 phosphorylation in vitro. To investigate the impact of these transcriptional changes in atherosclerosis development, we have generated mice carrying a Ser-to-Ala mutation in myeloid cells in the LDL receptor (LDLR)-deficient atherosclerotic background (M-S196ALdlr-KO). M-S196ALdlr-KO mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit increased atherosclerotic plaque burden and lesions with smaller necrotic cores and thinner fibrous caps. These diet-induced phenotypic changes are consistent with a reprogramed macrophage transcriptome promoted by LXRα-S196A during atherosclerosis development. Remarkably, expression of several proliferation-promoting factors, including the protooncogene FoxM1 and its targets, is induced by LXRα-S196A. This is consistent with increased proliferation of plaque-resident cells in M-S196ALdlr-KO mice. Moreover, disrupted LXRα phosphorylation increases expression of phagocytic molecules, resulting in increased apoptotic cell removal by macrophages, explaining the reduced necrotic cores. Finally, the macrophage transcriptome promoted by LXRα-S196A under dietary perturbation is markedly distinct from that revealed by LXR ligand activation, highlighting the singularity of this posttranslational modification. Overall, our findings demonstrate that LXRα phosphorylation at S196 is an important determinant of atherosclerotic plaque development through selective changes in gene transcription that affect multiple pathways.
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