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Čulić V. Exercise training and regression of coronary atheromatous plaques. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:e8. [PMID: 37379581 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Čulić
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Centre Split, Šoltanska 1, Split 21000, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Propedeutics, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
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2
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Volterrani M, Caminiti G. High-intensive interval training for inducing coronary plaque regression: is it the best choice? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:e4-e6. [PMID: 36799952 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Rehabilitation Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, via della Pisana, 235, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caminiti
- Department of Rehabilitation Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, via della Pisana, 235, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
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3
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Sæther JC, Vesterbekkmo EK, Gigante B, Giskeødegård GF, Bathen TF, Follestad T, Wiseth R, Madssen E, Bye A. The association between circulating lipoprotein subfractions and lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2023; 46:101215. [PMID: 37255857 PMCID: PMC10225625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques, measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), can predict the risk of future coronary events. Biomarkers that reflect lipid content in coronary plaques may therefore improve coronary artery disease (CAD) risk assessment. Purpose We aimed to investigate the association between circulating lipoprotein subfractions and lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques in statin-treated patients with stable CAD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods 56 patients with stable CAD underwent three-vessel imaging with NIRS when feasible. The coronary artery segment with the highest lipid content, defined as the maximum lipid core burden index within any 4 mm length across the entire lesion (maxLCBI4mm), was defined as target segment. Lipoprotein subfractions and Lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) were analyzed in fasting serum samples by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and by standard in-hospital procedures, respectively. Penalized linear regression analyses were used to identify the best predictors of maxLCBI4mm. The uncertainty of the lasso estimates was assessed as the percentage presence of a variable in resampled datasets by bootstrapping. Results Only modest evidence was found for an association between lipoprotein subfractions and maxLCBI4mm. The lipoprotein subfractions with strongest potential as predictors according to the percentage presence in resampled datasets were Lp(a) (78.1 % presence) and free cholesterol in the smallest high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions (74.3 % presence). When including established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the regression model, none of the lipoprotein subfractions were considered potential predictors of maxLCBI4mm. Conclusion In this study, serum levels of Lp(a) and free cholesterol in the smallest HDL subfractions showed the strongest potential as predictors for lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques. Although the evidence is modest, our study suggests that measurement of lipoprotein subfractions may provide additional information with respect to coronary plaque composition compared to traditional lipid measurements, but not in addition to established risk factors. Further and larger studies are needed to assess the potential of circulating lipoprotein subfractions as meaningful biomarkers both for lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques and as CVD risk markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Caroline Sæther
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Kleivhaug Vesterbekkmo
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- National Advisory Unit on Exercise Training as Medicine for Cardiopulmonary Conditions, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guro Fanneløb Giskeødegård
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Turid Follestad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim Norway
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Madssen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anja Bye
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Sæther JC, Vesterbekkmo EK, Taraldsen MD, Gigante B, Follestad T, Røsjø HR, Omland T, Wiseth R, Madssen E, Bye A. Associations between circulating microRNAs and lipid-rich coronary plaques measured with near-infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7580. [PMID: 37165064 PMCID: PMC10172303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-rich coronary atherosclerotic plaques often cause myocardial infarction (MI), and circulating biomarkers that reflect lipid content may predict risk of MI. We investigated the association between circulating microRNAs (miRs) are lipid-rich coronary plaques in 47 statin-treated patients (44 males) with stable coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. We assessed lipid content in non-culprit coronary artery lesions with near-infrared spectroscopy and selected the 4 mm segment with the highest measured lipid core burden index (maxLCBI4mm). Lipid-rich plaques were predefined as a lesion with maxLCBI4mm ≥ 324.7. We analyzed 177 circulating miRs with quantitative polymerase chain reaction in plasma samples. The associations between miRs and lipid-rich plaques were analyzed with elastic net. miR-133b was the miR most strongly associated with lipid-rich coronary plaques, with an estimated 18% increase in odds of lipid-rich plaques per unit increase in miR-133b. Assessing the uncertainty by bootstrapping, miR-133b was present in 82.6% of the resampled dataset. Inclusion of established cardiovascular risk factors did not attenuate the association. No evidence was found for an association between the other analyzed miRs and lipid-rich coronary plaques. Even though the evidence for an association was modest, miR-133b could be a potential biomarker of vulnerable coronary plaques and risk of future MI. However, the prognostic value and clinical relevance of miR-133b needs to be assessed in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Caroline Sæther
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Elisabeth Kleivhaug Vesterbekkmo
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- National Advisory Unit on Exercise Training as Medicine for Cardiopulmonary Conditions, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria Dalen Taraldsen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Turid Follestad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge Rørvik Røsjø
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Madssen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anja Bye
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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5
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Vesterbekkmo EK, Aamot Aksetøy IL, Follestad T, Nilsen HO, Hegbom K, Wisløff U, Wiseth R, Madssen E. High intensity interval training induces beneficial effects on coronary atheromatous plaques - a randomized trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 30:384-392. [PMID: 36562212 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atheroma volume is associated with risk of coronary events in coronary artery disease (CAD). Exercise training is a cornerstone in primary and secondary prevention of CAD, but the effect of exercise on coronary atheromatous plaques is largely unknown. PURPOSE We assessed the effect of six months supervised high intensity interval training (HIIT) on coronary plaque geometry using intravascular ultrasound in patients with stable CAD following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS Sixty patients were randomized to two sessions of weekly supervised HIIT at 85-95% of peak heart rate (n = 30) or to follow contemporary preventive guidelines (control group, n = 30). The study endpoints were change in percent atheroma volume (PAV) and total atheroma volume (TAV) normalized for segment length (TAVnorm) at six-month follow-up. RESULTS The change in average PAV for matched coronary segments from baseline to follow-up showed a significant between-group difference (-1.4, 95% CI: -2.7 to -0.1, p = 0.036). There was a significant reduction in the HIIT group (-1.2, 95% CI: -2.1 to -0.2, p = 0.017) while not in the control group (0.2, 95% CI: -0.7 to 1.1, p = 0.616). TAVnorm was reduced (-9 mm3, 95% CI: -14.7 to -3.4, p = 0.002) after HIIT, with a significant between-group difference (-12.0 mm3, 95% CI: -19.9 to -4.2, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION In patients with established CAD, a regression of atheroma volume was observed in those undergoing six months of supervised HIIT compared with patients following contemporary preventive guidelines. Our study indicates that high intensity interval training counteracts atherosclerotic coronary disease progression and reduces atheroma volume in residual coronary atheromatous plaques following PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kleivhaug Vesterbekkmo
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Exercise Training as Medicine for Cardiopulmonary Conditions, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Aamot Aksetøy
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Exercise Training as Medicine for Cardiopulmonary Conditions, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Turid Follestad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hans Olav Nilsen
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Knut Hegbom
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Madssen
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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6
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Guseh JS, Jang I. Exercise Intensity and Coronary Plaque Composition: Is Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger? J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025991. [PMID: 35574951 PMCID: PMC9238544 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.025991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Sawalla Guseh
- Cardiovascular Performance Program Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Ik‐Kyung Jang
- Cardiology Division Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA
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