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Ozaki Y, Tobe A, Onuma Y, Kobayashi Y, Amano T, Muramatsu T, Ishii H, Yamaji K, Kohsaka S, Ismail TF, Uemura S, Hikichi Y, Tsujita K, Ako J, Morino Y, Maekawa Y, Shinke T, Shite J, Igarashi Y, Nakagawa Y, Shiode N, Okamura A, Ogawa T, Shibata Y, Tsuji T, Hayashida K, Yajima J, Sugano T, Okura H, Okayama H, Kawaguchi K, Zen K, Takahashi S, Tamura T, Nakazato K, Yamaguchi J, Iida O, Ozaki R, Yoshimachi F, Ishihara M, Murohara T, Ueno T, Yokoi H, Nakamura M, Ikari Y, Serruys PW, Kozuma K. CVIT expert consensus document on primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in 2024. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2024; 39:335-375. [PMID: 39302533 PMCID: PMC11436458 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-024-01036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) has significantly contributed to reducing the mortality of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) even in cardiogenic shock and is now the standard of care in most of Japanese institutions. The Task Force on Primary PCI of the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics (CVIT) proposed an expert consensus document for the management of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) focusing on procedural aspects of primary PCI in 2018 and updated in 2022. Recently, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published the guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndrome in 2023. Major new updates in the 2023 ESC guideline include: (1) intravascular imaging should be considered to guide PCI (Class IIa); (2) timing of complete revascularization; (3) antiplatelet therapy in patient with high-bleeding risk. Reflecting rapid advances in the field, the Task Force on Primary PCI of the CVIT group has now proposed an updated expert consensus document for the management of ACS focusing on procedural aspects of primary PCI in 2024 version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ozaki
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University Okazaki Medical Center, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengaku, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Tobe
- Department of Cardiology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yoshinobu Onuma
- Department of Cardiology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Amano
- Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takashi Muramatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University Okazaki Medical Center, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengaku, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kyohei Yamaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tevfik F Ismail
- King's College London, London, UK
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shiro Uemura
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Morino
- Department of Cardiology, Iwate Medical University Hospital, Shiwa, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Maekawa
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Shite
- Cardiology Division, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasumi Igarashi
- Division of Cardiology, Sapporo-Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakagawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Nobuo Shiode
- Division of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsunori Okamura
- Division of Cardiology, Sakurabashi Watanabe Advanced Healthcare Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogawa
- Division of Cardiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshisato Shibata
- Division of Cardiology, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cardiovascular Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruyasu Sugano
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okura
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideki Okayama
- Division of Cardiology, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | | | - Kan Zen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saeko Takahashi
- Division of Cardiology, Tokushukai Shonan Oiso Hospital, Oiso, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Nakazato
- Department of Cardiology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junichi Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Iida
- Cardiovascular Division, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reina Ozaki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fuminobu Yoshimachi
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Masaharu Ishihara
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Division of Cardiology, Marin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yokoi
- Cardiovascular Center, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | | | - Ken Kozuma
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Eichenberger EM, Phadke V, Busch LM, Pouch SM. Infections in Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2024:S0891-5520(24)00056-4. [PMID: 39261138 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Patients on mechanical circulatory support are at heightened risk for infection given the invasive nature of the devices with internal and external components, the surgical implantation of the devices, and the presence of foreign material susceptible to biofilm formation. This review discusses the new International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation mechanical circulatory support device infection definitions, inclusive of durable and acute mechanical circulatory support infections, and describes their epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal management. Timing of transplantation in the context of active infection is addressed, and areas of future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Eichenberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB, Suite 5125, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Varun Phadke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB, Suite 2101, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. https://twitter.com/VarunPhadke2
| | - Lindsay M Busch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, WMB, Suite 5127, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stephanie M Pouch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, WMB, Suite 2305, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. https://twitter.com/StephaniePouch
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Wilderman M, Tateishi K, O'Connor D, Simonian S, Ratnathicam A, Cook K, De Gregorio L, Hmoud H, De Gregorio J. Safety and efficacy of covered stent grafts in the treatment of emergent access related complications. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2024:S1553-8389(24)00628-6. [PMID: 39168761 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large bore percutaneous access is becoming increasingly common. Parallel to this, we observe an increase in vascular access site complications such as bleeding, dissection, thrombosis or pseudo-aneurysms. This study was aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of covered stent grafts for fixing large bore vascular access injuries. METHODS A total of 147 Viabahn or Viabahn VBX (WL Gore) stent grafts which were placed across the inguinal ligament in emergent settings in 136 patients, were retrospectively analyzed. The two endpoints were the technical success rate, defined by complete arterial repair, and long-term stent graft patency. We also looked at the need for open conversion, wound infections, and in hospital and 30-day mortality. We followed the patients using duplex ultrasound and computed tomography angiogram to assess for arterial patency, freedom from intervention, stent kinking and clinical symptoms. RESULTS 30 Viabahn and 117 Viabahn VBX (WL Gore) stent grafts were placed in the distal external iliac artery and into the proximal common femoral artery of 136 patients. Indications for intervention were bleeding in 92 patients (68 %), flow limiting dissection in 41 patients (30 %) and symptomatic AVF in 3 patients (2 %). Primary technical success rate was 100 %. Limited 3-year follow up (101/136 patients) showed 99 % patency with no evidence of stent fracture, stenosis or kinking except in one patient who needed target lesion revascularization due to neointimal hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Covered stent grafts can be placed safely, efficiently, and effectively in the distal external iliac and common femoral arteries across the inguinal ligament. These stent grafts can be used as an alternative therapeutic option to open surgery in patients with large bore vascular access injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wilderman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bergen Vascular Institute, Hackensack, NJ, USA.
| | - Kazuya Tateishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Services, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ, USA
| | - David O'Connor
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bergen Vascular Institute, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Sophia Simonian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bergen Vascular Institute, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Anjali Ratnathicam
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bergen Vascular Institute, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Kristen Cook
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bergen Vascular Institute, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | - Hosam Hmoud
- Department of Cardiology, Lenox Hill Hospital Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph De Gregorio
- Department of Cardiovascular Services, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ, USA
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Meani P, Todaro S, Veronese G, Kowalewski M, Montisci A, Protti I, Marchese G, Meuwese C, Lorusso R, Pappalardo F. Science of left ventricular unloading. Perfusion 2024:2676591241268389. [PMID: 39058419 DOI: 10.1177/02676591241268389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The concept of left ventricular unloading has its foundation in heart physiology. In fact, the left ventricular mechanics and energetics represent the cornerstone of this approach. The novel sophisticated therapies for acute heart failure, particularly mechanical circulatory supports, strongly impact on the mechanical functioning and energy consuption of the heart, ultimately affecting left ventricle loading. Notably, extracorporeal circulatory life support which is implemented for life-threatening conditions, may even overload the left heart, requiring additional unloading strategies. As a consequence, the understanding of ventricular overload, and the associated potential unloading strategies, founds its utility in several aspects of day-by-day clinical practice. Emerging clinical and pre-clinical research on left ventricular unloading and its benefits in heart failure and recovery has been conducted, providing meaningful insights for therapeutical interventions. Here, we review the current knowledge on left ventricular unloading, from physiology and molecular biology to its application in heart failure and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Meani
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
- Thoracic Research Center, Innovative Medical Forum, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Serena Todaro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Veronese
- Anesthesia and Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Thoracic Research Center, Innovative Medical Forum, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Montisci
- Cardiothoracic Department, Division of Cardiothoracic Intensive Care, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Protti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marchese
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Christiaan Meuwese
- Department of Intensive Care and Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Federico Pappalardo
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliera Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
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Saito Y, Tateishi K, Kanda M, Shiko Y, Kawasaki Y, Kobayashi Y, Inoue T. Volume-Outcome Relationships for Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circ J 2024; 88:1286-1292. [PMID: 38925938 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-24-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major scenario for the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), particularly when complicated by cardiogenic shock, although the utilization of mechanical circulatory support devices varies widely per hospital. We evaluated the relationship, at the hospital level, between the volume of IABP use and mortality in AMI. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a Japanese nationwide administrative database, 26,490 patients with AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from 154 hospitals were included in this study. The primary endpoint was the observed-to-predicted in-hospital mortality ratio. Predicted mortality per patient was calculated using baseline variables and averaged for each hospital. The associations among PCI volume for AMI, observed and predicted in-hospital mortality, and observed and predicted IABP use were assessed per hospital. Of 26,490 patients, 2,959 (11.2%) were treated with IABP and 1,283 (4.8%) died during hospitalization. The annualized number of uses of IABP per hospital in AMI was 4.5. In lower-volume primary PCI centers, IABP was more likely to be underused than expected, and the observed-to-predicted in-hospital mortality ratio was higher than in higher-volume centers. CONCLUSIONS A lower annual number of IABP use was associated with an increased mortality risk at the hospital level, suggesting that IABP use can be an institutional quality indicator in the setting of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuya Tateishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masato Kanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuki Shiko
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Healthcare Management Research Center, Chiba University Hospital
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Takagi K, Otsuka H, Saku K, Tayama E. Bailout Procedure Utilizing Balloon Dilatation for a Percutaneous Micro-axial Flow Pump Entrapped Within a Significantly Calcified Subclavian Artery. Cureus 2024; 16:e65804. [PMID: 39228897 PMCID: PMC11370817 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The IMPELLA 5.5 (Abiomed Inc., Danvers, Massachusetts, United States) is a catheter-based, micro-axial blood pump designed to enhance organ perfusion in patients with cardiogenic shock. Despite its superior hemodynamic support, vascular complications are a significant concern, with many patients needing to discontinue IMPELLA therapy due to these issues. Patients may even require surgical intervention to address device-related vascular injuries. The IMPELLA 5.5 implantation in vessels with severe calcification is particularly associated with complications such as vascular calcification, stenosis, vascular tortuosity, and the use of larger sheaths are risk factors following endovascular therapy and IMPELLA implantation. In this report, we present a case of severe calcification in the right subclavian artery, in which the IMPELLA 5.5 was lodged. The calcifications protruded into the vascular lumen, becoming lodged between the IMPELLA motor and the cannula, complicating extraction despite the vessel having sufficient diameter. We successfully removed the device using a balloon dilation technique, ensuring safe extraction. No vascular complications such as pseudoaneurysm or dissection were observed in the right subclavian artery one month after extraction. This case highlights a potential approach for managing similar complications and vascular access for IMPELLA insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Takagi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kurume University, Kurume, JPN
| | - Hiroyuki Otsuka
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kurume University, Kurume, JPN
| | - Kosuke Saku
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kurume University, Kurume, JPN
| | - Eiki Tayama
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kurume University, Kurume, JPN
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Movahed MR, Talle A, Hashemzadeh M. Intra-aortic balloon pump is associated with the lowest whereas Impella with the highest inpatient mortality and complications regardless of severity or hospital types. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2024; 39:252-261. [PMID: 38555535 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-024-00993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Impella and intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) are commonly utilized in patients with cardiogenic shock. However, the effect on mortality remains controversial. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of Impella and IABP on mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock the large Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was utilized to study any association between the use of IABP or Impella on outcome. ICD-10 codes for Impella, IABP, and cardiogenic shock for available years 2016-2020 were utilized. A total of 844,020 patients had a diagnosis of cardiogenic shock. A total of 101,870 patients were treated with IABP and 39645 with an Impella. Total inpatient mortality without any device was 34.2% vs only 25.1% with IABP use (OR = 0.65, CI 0.62-0.67) but was highest at 40.7% with Impella utilization (OR = 1.32, CI 1.26-1.39). After adjusting for 47 variables, Impella utilization remained associated with the highest mortality (OR: 1.33, CI 1.25-1.41, p < 0.001), whereas IABP remained associated with the lowest mortality (OR: 0.69, CI 0.66-0.72, p < 0.001). Separating rural vs teaching hospitals revealed similar findings. In patients with cardiogenic shock, the use of Impella was associated with the highest whereas IABP was associated with the lowest in-hospital mortality regardless of comorbid condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Movahed
- University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
| | - Armin Talle
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Watanabe A, Miyamoto Y, Ueyama H, Gotanda H, Tsugawa Y, Kuno T. Percutaneous Microaxial Ventricular Assist Device Versus Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump for Nonacute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034645. [PMID: 38804220 PMCID: PMC11255633 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the comparative outcomes following percutaneous microaxial ventricular assist devices (pVAD) versus intra-aortic balloon pump for nonacute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock is limited. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 704 and 2140 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 to 99 years treated with pVAD and intra-aortic balloon pump, respectively, for nonacute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock from 2016 to 2020. Patients treated using pVAD compared with those treated using intra-aortic balloon pump were more likely to be concurrently treated with mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and blood transfusions. We computed propensity scores for undergoing pVAD using patient- and hospital-level factors and performed a matching weight analysis. The use of pVAD was associated with higher 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.59-2.33]) but not associated with in-hospital bleeding (adjusted odds ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.81-1.24]), stroke (adjusted odds ratio, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.56-1.47]), sepsis (OR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.64-1.28]), and length of hospital stay (adjusted mean difference, +0.4 days [95% CI, -1.4 to +2.3]). A quasi-experimental instrumental variable analysis using the cross-sectional institutional practice preferences showed similar patterns, though not statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.28-6.89). CONCLUSIONS Our investigation using the national sample of Medicare beneficiaries showed that the use of pVAD compared with intra-aortic balloon pump was associated with higher mortality in patients with nonacute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock. Providers should be cautious about the use of pVAD for nonacute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock, while adequately powered high-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine the clinical effects of pVAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuyuki Watanabe
- Department of MedicineMount Sinai Beth IsraelIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Yoshihisa Miyamoto
- Division of Nephrology and EndocrinologyThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki Ueyama
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Hiroshi Gotanda
- Division of General Internal MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Yusuke Tsugawa
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services ResearchDavid Geffen School of Medicine at The University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementUCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Toshiki Kuno
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY
- Division of Cardiology, Jacobi Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY
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Ortoleva J, Dalia AA, Pisano DV, Shapeton A. Diagnosis and Management of Vasoplegia in Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support: A Narrative Review. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:1378-1389. [PMID: 38490900 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Refractory vasodilatory shock, or vasoplegia, is a pathophysiologic state observed in the intensive care unit and operating room in patients with a variety of primary diagnoses. Definitions of vasoplegia vary by source but are qualitatively defined clinically as a normal or high cardiac index and low systemic vascular resistance causing hypotension despite high-dose vasopressors in the setting of euvolemia. This definition can be difficult to apply to patients undergoing mechanical circulatory support (MCS). A large body of mostly retrospective literature exists on vasoplegia in the non-MCS population, but the increased use of temporary MCS justifies an examination of vasoplegia in this population. MCS, particularly extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, adds complexity to the diagnosis and management of vasoplegia due to challenges in determining cardiac output (or total blood flow), lack of clarity on appropriate dosing of noncatecholamine interventions, increased thrombosis risk, the difficulty in determining the endpoints of adequate volume resuscitation, and the unclear effects of rescue agents (methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin, and angiotensin II) on MCS device monitoring and function. Care teams must combine data from invasive and noninvasive sources to diagnose vasoplegia in this population. In this narrative review, the available literature is surveyed to provide guidance on the diagnosis and management of vasoplegia in the temporary MCS population, with a focus on noncatecholamine treatments and special considerations for patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, transvalvular heart pumps, and other ventricular assist devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamel Ortoleva
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA.
| | - Adam A Dalia
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Alexander Shapeton
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Martin TC, Duewell BE, Juul JJ, Rinka JRG, Rein L, Feih JT. Comparison of Outcomes in Patients Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Support Who Received Cangrelor in Addition to Anticoagulation Versus Anticoagulation Alone. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:1328-1336. [PMID: 38521630 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety of cangrelor administered concurrently with heparin or bivalirudin in patients on mechanical circulatory support. DESIGN A single-center, retrospective cohort study of adult patients consecutively admitted between January 2016 and October 2020. SETTING A tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS Adult patients admitted to the cardiovascular intensive care unit put on mechanical circulatory support for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or non-AMI indications. Patients who received cangrelor underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting during the index event or within the last year. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcome was the incidence of major bleeding, defined by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization criteria, in patients with mechanical circulatory support receiving cangrelor plus anticoagulation with heparin or bivalirudin with or without aspirin versus patients who did not receive cangrelor. Sixty-eight patients were included in the study. Twenty-nine patients received cangrelor, and 39 did not. Cangrelor was not associated with an increase in major bleeding; however, the CI was wide (adjusted hazard ratio 1.93, 95% CI 0.61-6.11; p = 0.262). CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving cangrelor did not appear to be at higher risk of major bleeding compared to patients not receiving cangrelor. Larger trials should be conducted to better evaluate the safety of cangrelor in patients with mechanical circulatory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent C Martin
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI.
| | | | - Janelle J Juul
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Joseph R G Rinka
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI; School of Pharmacy, Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, WI
| | - Lisa Rein
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Joel T Feih
- Department of Pharmacy, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI; Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Saito Y, Tateishi K, Kanda M, Shiko Y, Kawasaki Y, Kobayashi Y, Inoue T. Volume-outcome relationships for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2024; 39:156-163. [PMID: 38147176 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-023-00976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the major scenarios of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use. The utilization of mechanical circulatory support systems including ECMO varies widely at the hospital level, while whether ECMO volume per hospital is associated with outcomes in acute MI is unclear. Using a Japanese nationwide administrative database, a total of 26,913 patients with acute MI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention from 154 hospitals were included. The relations among PCI volume for acute MI, observed and predicted in-hospital mortality, and observed and predicted rates of ECMO use were evaluated at the hospital level. Of 26,913 patients, 423 (1.6%) were treated with ECMO, and 1561 (5.8%) died during the hospitalization. Median ECMO use per hospital per year was 0.5. An observed rate of ECMO use was linearly correlated with the predicted probability of ECMO use and was not associated with the observed/predicted in-hospital mortality ratio. The observed/predicted mortality ratio was lowest in hospitals with the observed/predicted ECMO use ratio of around one. In conclusion, ECMO was infrequently used in a setting of acute MI at each hospital annually. An observed rate of ECMO use was not associated with observed/predicted in-hospital mortality ratio, while the observed/predicted in-hospital mortality ratio was lowest when ECMO was used as predicted, suggesting that standardized ECMO use may be an institutional quality indicator in acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Tateishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Masato Kanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiko
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Healthcare Management Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Horio M, Kashiwazaki D, Tomita T, Maruyama K, Hamada S, Hori E, Nakamura M, Kinugawa K, Kuroda S. Intracerebral Hematoma in Patients With Impella Ventricular Assist Device Placement for Cardiogenic Shock: Report of Three Cases. Cureus 2023; 15:e48863. [PMID: 38106739 PMCID: PMC10724407 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the clear benefits of Impella in patients with cardiogenic shock, bleeding is a possible complication. Herein, we report three cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with Impella implantation for cardiogenic shock, which were treated with hematoma evacuation. We present the clinical features, diagnosis, and management (hematoma evacuation) of patients with the Impella device (Abiomed, Danvers, Massachusetts) who developed intracerebral hemorrhage. Case one was a 56-year-old man who presented with chest pain and loss of consciousness, was diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, and underwent urgent percutaneous coronary intervention and Impella placement. After eight days, the patient developed anisocoria. Computed tomography revealed a left intracerebral hemorrhage. An emergency hematoma evacuation was successfully performed (intraoperative blood loss: 2600 mL). Case two was a 54-year-old male who presented with persistent chest pain and loss of consciousness, was diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, and underwent an emergency percutaneous coronary intervention with Impella implantation and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The patient developed intracerebral hemorrhage after 26 days. Hematoma evacuation was successfully performed (intraoperative blood loss: 380 mL). Case three was a 52-year-old male who presented with dyspnea and hypotension, was diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy, and underwent Impella implantation and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, followed by which the patient developed subcortical hematoma. An emergency hematoma evacuation was performed (intraoperative blood loss: 3205 mL). The patient died 14 days after admission. Intracerebral hemorrhage is a potential cause of morbidity associated with Impella placement. Although hematoma evacuation is optimal, the bleeding tends to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuki Horio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | | | - Takahiro Tomita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | | | - Saori Hamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | - Emiko Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | - Makiko Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | - Koichiro Kinugawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, JPN
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