1
|
Zakeri M, Lal LS, Abughosh SM, Sansgiry S, Essien EJ, Sansgiry SS. Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Healthcare Expenditure and Resource Utilization Among Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02125-7. [PMID: 39141246 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive research, significant gaps remain in understanding racial disparity among individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These disparities, influenced by factors such as access to care and comorbid conditions, necessitate further investigation to develop targeted interventions. AIM To evaluate the factors contributing to racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare resource utilization and total healthcare expenditure among individuals with CVD. METHODS Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey spanning 2014-2021, total healthcare expenditure and having a CVD visit were compared among Hispanic, Black, and White adults with CVD. Descriptive analysis, linear regression, and logistic regression models were used to compare the results. Multivariable models were used to evaluate the effect of demographic and socioeconomic factors on total healthcare expenditure and the likelihood of having a CVD visit among different races. RESULTS With a weighted sample of 17,722,706, the study found that Hispanic and Black cohorts had 23% and 11% lower healthcare expenditures (both p < 0.001). Hispanic and Black cohorts also had lower odds of having a CVD visit (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.55-0.68; OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.52-0.65, respectively) compared to the White cohort. Key predictors included physical and cognitive limitations, insurance status, income, region, and the year of data collection. CONCLUSION This study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address healthcare disparities and promote health equity among minority populations with CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Zakeri
- Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Health Building 2, 4849 Calhoun Road, Room 4050, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Lincy S Lal
- Adjunct Faculty, Department of Management, Policy Community Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan M Abughosh
- Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Health Building 2, 4849 Calhoun Road, Room 4050, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Shubhada Sansgiry
- HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Health Services Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ekere James Essien
- Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Health Building 2, 4849 Calhoun Road, Room 4050, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Sujit S Sansgiry
- Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Health Building 2, 4849 Calhoun Road, Room 4050, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA.
| |
Collapse
|