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Shourav MMI, Godasi RR, Anisetti B, English SW, Lyle MA, Huang JF, Meschia JF, Lin MP. Association between heart failure and cerebral collateral flow in large vessel occlusive ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107999. [PMID: 39243832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral collateral circulation plays a crucial role in determining the extent of brain ischemia in large vessel occlusive (LVO) stroke. Heart failure (HF) is known to cause cerebral hypoperfusion, yet the relationship between HF and robustness of collateral flow has not been well described. METHODS Consecutive patients with middle cerebral and/or internal carotid LVO who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) between 2012 and 2020 were included. Single-phase head CTA prior to EVT was used to assess collateral status (poor <50 % filling; good ≥50 %). Classification of HF by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on echocardiogram was used where HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) had LVEF ≤40 %, HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) had LVEF ≥50 % with evidence of structural heart disease, and no HF had LVEF≥50 % without structural heart disease. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between HF and poor collaterals. RESULTS We identified 235 patients, mean age was 69 ± 15 years; initial NIHSS was 18 ± 7. Of these, 107 (45.5 %) had HF and 105 (44.7 %) had poor collaterals. Those with HF were likely to have poor collaterals compared to those without HF (56.1 % vs 35.2 %, P = 0.001). There was a dose-dependent relationship between EF and poor collaterals: adjusted odds of poor collaterals were 1.63 and 2.45 in HFpEF and HFrEF, compared to those without HF (trend P = .018). CONCLUSION Patients with HFrEF are more likely to have poor cerebral collaterals. Further study is needed to explore the pathomechanisms. Optimization of HF may improve cerebral collaterals and enhance EVT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raja R Godasi
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Bhrugun Anisetti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Stephen W English
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Melissa A Lyle
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure and Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Josephine F Huang
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - James F Meschia
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Michelle P Lin
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States.
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Kumar S, Ghosh S, Shanavas N, Sivaramakrishnan V, Dwari M, Das S. Development of pial collaterals by extension of pre-existing artery tips. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114771. [PMID: 39325624 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pial collaterals provide protection from ischemic damage and improve the prognosis of stroke patients. The origin or precise sequence of events underlying pial collateral development is unclear and has prevented clinicians from adapting new vascularization and regeneration therapies. We use genetic lineage tracing and intravital imaging of mouse brains at cellular resolution to show that during embryogenesis, pial collateral arteries develop from extension and anastomoses of pre-existing artery tips in a VegfR2-dependent manner. This process of artery tip extension occurs on pre-determined microvascular tracks. Our data demonstrate that an arterial receptor, Cxcr4, earlier shown to drive artery cell migration and coronary collateral development, is dispensable for the formation and maintenance of pial collateral arteries. Our study shows that collateral arteries of the brain are built by a mechanism distinct from that of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kumar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
| | - Swarnadip Ghosh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
| | - Niloufer Shanavas
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
| | - Vinayak Sivaramakrishnan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
| | - Manish Dwari
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
| | - Soumyashree Das
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India.
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Jiang A, Wang Z, Cheng R, Zhang S, Wu Q, Qin X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG12 regulates leptomeningeal collateral remodeling via RGMa after ischemic stroke. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00429. [PMID: 39138027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral arteries are crucial for restoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) after an ischemic stroke. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are hypothesized to regulate the extent of this adaptive response, while the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still being investigated. SNHG12, a long non-coding RNA, has been shown to influence several diseases related angiogenesis, including osteosarcoma and gastric cancer. However, the role of SNHG12 in contractile VSMC dedifferentiation during collateral arteriogenesis-related strokes remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that SNHG12 is a positive regulator of MMP9 and VSMC dedifferentiation, which enhances pial collateral arteriogenesis following cerebrovascular occlusion. Pial collateral remodeling is limited by the crosstalk between SNHG12-MMP9 signaling in VSMCs, which is mediated through repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa) regulation. Thus, targeting SNHG12 may represent a therapeutic strategy for improving collateral function, neural tissue health, and functional recovery following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruiqi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shaoru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qisi Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xinyue Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Cheng Y, Wang Q, Sun C, Cui D. Association Between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and 90-Day Clinical Prognosis in Patients with Acute Pontine Infarction: A Single Center Study. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:3453-3463. [PMID: 39156876 PMCID: PMC11328852 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s471545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a biomarker for coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism of its action in the acute phase of acute pontine infarction remains unclear. This study investigated the association between the AIP and the short-term prognosis of acute pontine infarction. Methods Clinical and laboratory index data of patients admitted to the hospital for acute pontine infarction were continuously included, and these patients were followed up for 90 days after disease onset. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the 90-day clinical outcomes of the patients, and an mRS score ≥3 was used to define adverse functional outcomes. Univariate analysis was used to detect differences in the indicators between the two groups. Patients were then divided into three groups according to the quantile of the AIP (T1: AIP ≤ 0.029; T2, 0.029 < AIP ≤ 0.248; T3, AIP > 0.248), and a binary logistic regression model was used to assess risk factors for prognosis shortly after acute pontine infarction. Results A total of 260 patients with acute pontine infarction (mean age=64.5±11.8 years) were included during the study period, and 68 (26.2%) patients had a poor 90-day prognosis. The AIP in the poor 90-day prognosis group was significantly greater (P <0.05) than that in the good 90-day prognosis group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the AIP (OR=9.829; 95% CI: 2.837-34.051; p < 0.001), baseline NIHSS score (OR=1.663; 95% CI: 1.400-1.975; p < 0.001) and infarct volume (OR=1.762; 95% CI: 1.013-3.062; p=0.045) were significantly associated with poor 90-day prognosis in patients with acute pontine infarction. Conclusion In patients with acute pontine infarction, the AIP may serve as an important biological marker of poor clinical prognosis and is independently associated with poor 90-day prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Fuyang Medical College, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fuyang People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanxi Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Cui
- Fuyang Medical College, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Dong X, Liu Y, Chu X, Yu E, Jia X, Ji X, Wu C. Blood pressure management after endovascular thrombectomy: Insights of recent randomized controlled trials. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14907. [PMID: 39118229 PMCID: PMC11310089 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal blood pressure (BP) target in patients who undergo endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with successful reperfusion is uncertain. Observational studies show that elevated BP during this period is associated with a higher risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and worse clinical outcomes. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored whether intensive BP lowering improves clinical outcomes in these patients. AIMS This review aims to summarize the recent RCTs that compare intensive and conventional BP management strategies following EVT and discuss the innovative directions to improve. RESULT The recently published RCTs failed to demonstrate the benefit of intensive BP control on the functional outcome and decreasing the risk of ICH. The complex mechanism in cerebral blood flow regulation and the inappropriate BP range chosen in RCTs may be the reasons behind the inconsistent results between observational studies and RCTs. Individualized BP management, reducing BP variability, and multi-stage BP management should be paid more attention in future exploration. CONCLUSION Intensive BP target did not improve clinical outcomes after successful EVT as compared with a conventional BP target. Further research is required to identify the optimal BP management strategy after reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Dong
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xuehong Chu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Erlan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaole Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Sojak L, Toebak AM, Gallino C, Von Streng T, Rudin S, Kriemler LF, Zietz A, Wagner B, Gensicke H, Sutter R, Nickel CH, Katan M, Bonati LH, Psychogios M, Dittrich TD, De Marchis GM. Association between ischaemic stroke aetiology and leptomeningeal collateral status: a retrospective cohort study. Swiss Med Wkly 2024; 154:3584. [PMID: 39137358 DOI: 10.57187/s.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is limited understanding of the pathomechanistic relationship between leptomeningeal collateral formation and ischaemic stroke aetiology. We aimed to assess the association of leptomeningeal collateral status and ischaemic stroke aetiology, using the widely recognised "Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment" (TOAST) classification categorising strokes into five distinct aetiologies. METHODS Retrospective study of consecutively admitted adult ischaemic stroke patients at a Swiss stroke centre. Leptomeningeal collateral status was assessed on admission with single-phase CT-angiographies using a validated 4-point score. Patients were categorised into large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolic (CE), small-vessel disease (SVD) and cryptogenic (CG) according to the TOAST classification. We performed ordinal and binary (poor [collaterals filling ≤50% of the occluded territory] vs good [collaterals filling >50% of the occluded territory] collateralisation) logistic regression to evaluate the impact of TOAST aetiology on collateral status. RESULTS Among 191 patients, LAA patients had better collateral status compared to non-LAA aetiology (LAA: 2 vs CE: 2 vs SVD: 3 vs CG: 2, pLAA vs non-LAA = 0.04). In weighted multivariate logistic regression, LAA and SVD independently predicted better collateral status (binary models [adjusted odds ratio; aOR]: LAA: 3.72 [1.21-11.44] and SVD: 4.19 [1.21-14.52]; ordinal models [adjusted common odds ratio; acOR]: LAA: 2.26 [95% CI: 1.23-4.15] and SVD: 1.94 [1.03-3.66]), while CE predicted worse collateral status (binary models [aOR]: CE: 0.17 [0.07-0.41]; ordinal models [acOR]: CE: 0.24 [0.11-0.51]). CONCLUSION The aetiology of ischaemic stroke is associated with leptomeningeal collateral status on single-phase CT-angiography, with LAA and SVD predicting better and CE predicting worse collateral status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sojak
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna M Toebak
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Gallino
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tennessee Von Streng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salome Rudin
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lilian F Kriemler
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Annaelle Zietz
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Wagner
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Gensicke
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Sutter
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian H Nickel
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mira Katan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leo H Bonati
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Rheinfelden Rehabilitation Clinic, Rheinfelden, Switzerland
| | - Marios Psychogios
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tolga D Dittrich
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gian Marco De Marchis
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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E Y, Jiang H, Yu W, Chen W, He H. Rapid identification and prognosis evaluation by dual-phase computed tomography angiography for stroke patients with a large ischemic region in the anterior circulation treated with endovascular thrombectomy. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1402003. [PMID: 38835999 PMCID: PMC11148382 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1402003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the value of dual-phase head-and-neck computed tomography angiography (CTA) in assessing advantages and risks associated with mechanical thrombectomy for stroke with a large ischemic region in the anterior circulation within 6 h of onset. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with acute occlusion of the internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery-M1 segment. Baseline dual-phase CTA was performed for collateral grading using the 4-point visual collateral score (0, 0% filling; 1, >0% and ≤50% filling; 2, >50 and <100% filling; 3, 100% filling). The rates of modified Rankin score (MRS) ≤ 3 at 90 days, any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) within 48 h, malignant cerebral edema within 24 h, and all-cause 90-day mortality were analyzed. Results Among the 69 study patients, 15, 26, 17, and 11 patients had collateral grades of 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. At 90 days, the MRS was ≤3 in 0, 8.33, 29.41, and 36.36% of patients with grades 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. ICH incidence was 73.33, 57.69, 29.41, and 18.18% for grades 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively, while the incidence of malignant brain edema was 100, 76.92, 35.29, and 0%, respectively. All-cause 90-day mortality was 53.33% for grade 0 and 30.77% for grade 1; no deaths occurred at grades 2 and 3. Conclusion Collateral grading based on dual-phase CTA enables simple and rapid preoperative evaluation prior to mechanical thrombectomy for acute anterior-circulation stroke with a large ischemic focus, particularly for patients presenting within the 6-h time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun E
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huigang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weifei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongfei He
- Department of Neurology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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Güllüoğlu H, Uysal HA, Şahin E. The Relationship between CT Angiography Collateral Score and Biochemical Parameters during Acute Ischemic Stroke Caused by Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2443. [PMID: 38673716 PMCID: PMC11051112 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Collateral development after AIS is important for prognosis and treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship and correlation between biochemical parameters and CT angiography collateral score within the first 9 h and its effect on the neurological outcomes of patients with AIS due to MCA infarction. Methods: A total of 98 patients with MCA infarction were hospitalized for diagnosis and treatment after undergoing CT angiography within 9 h of suffering a stroke. Demographic data, admission biochemical parameters, hospitalization data, and discharge NIHSS scores were recorded. Souza's scoring system for collateral distribution was used to evaluate collaterals. Souza CS system and clinical disability comparison outcomes identified. Results: According to the Souza CS system, 13 patients were in the malignant profile category, and 85 patients were in the good profile category. The NIHSS value of patients with a malignant profile was 27, while the mean NIHSS value of patients with a good profile was 9. There was a statistically significant difference in uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, CRP, hsCRP, D-Dimer, troponin I, vitamin B12, fibrinogen, NSE, homocysteine, aPTT, and INR levels according to collateral distribution. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that biochemical parameters can influence the distribution of malignant and benign collaterals in AIS independent of age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Güllüoğlu
- Department of Neurology, Izmir Ekonomi University Medical Point Hospital, Izmir 35575, Turkey;
| | - Hasan Armağan Uysal
- Department of Neurology, Izmir Ekonomi University Medical Point Hospital, Izmir 35575, Turkey;
| | - Erkan Şahin
- Department of Radiology, Izmir Ekonomi University Medical Point Hospital, Izmir 35575, Turkey;
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Cipolla MJ, Hunt RD, Liebeskind DS, Tremble SM. The impact of collateral therapeutics on stroke hemodynamics in normotensive and hypertensive rats: a step toward translation. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1373445. [PMID: 38585360 PMCID: PMC10996366 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1373445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke interventions that increase collateral flow have the potential to salvage penumbral tissue and increase the number of patients eligible for reperfusion therapy. We compared the efficacy of two different collateral therapeutics during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Methods The change in collateral and core perfusion was measured using dual laser Doppler in response to either a pressor agent (phenylephrine, 10 mg/kg iv or vehicle) or a collateral vasodilator (TM5441, 5 mg/kg iv or vehicle) given 30 min into tMCAO in male Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Results Pressor therapy increased collateral flow in the Wistar rats but was ineffective in the SHRs. The increase in collateral flow in the Wistar rats was associated with impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation (CBFAR) that was intact in the SHRs. TM5441 caused a decrease in collateral perfusion in the Wistar rats and a modest increase in the SHRs. The pressor therapy reduced early infarction in both groups but increased edema in the SHRs, whereas TM5441 did not have any beneficial effects in either group. Conclusions Thus, the pressor therapy was superior to a collateral vasodilator in increasing collateral flow and improving outcomes in the Wistar rats, likely due to pial collaterals that were pressure passive; the lack of CBF response in the SHRs to pressor therapy was likely due to intact CBFAR that limited perfusion. While TM5441 modestly increased CBF in the SHRs but not in the Wistar rats, it did not have a beneficial effect on stroke outcomes. These results suggest that collateral therapies may need to be selected for certain comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn J. Cipolla
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ryan D. Hunt
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - David S. Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sarah M. Tremble
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Ramos JN, Calvão-Pires P, Gil I, Baptista T, Branco C, Branco G, Marto JP. Hemoglobin in large vessel occlusion: Look further than collaterals. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 121:100-104. [PMID: 38382284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) levels lead to poorer outcomes in ischemic stroke, though the mechanisms remain elusive. We aimed to study the role of Hb on imaging and clinical outcomes, namely on collaterals as it is a known mediator of infarct growth. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of patients with large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke admitted to our center. Demographics, clinical and imaging variables were collected, particularly baseline hemoglobin, presence of anemia and collateral score. Collaterals were scored from 0 to 3 and defined as poor if 0-1. Multivariable analyses were performed for collateral score and clinical outcomes (3-month mortality and good prognosis). RESULTS We included 811 patients, 215 (26.5 %) with anemia. Patients with anemia were older, had more comorbidities and more severe strokes. Hemoglobin levels and anemia were not associated with collateral score (OR 0.97, 95 % CI 0.89-1.05, p = 0.414 and OR 0.89, 95 % CI 0.64-1.24, p = 0.487, respectively) nor with poor collaterals (OR 0.96, 95 % CI 0.88-1.05, p = 0.398 and OR 0.86, 95 % CI 0.60-1.23, p = 0.406, respectively). Hb levels were associated with 3-month mortality (OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.76-0.96, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Hemoglobin or anemia were not found to be associated with collateral status. Our results raise further questions regarding the pathophysiology of anemia and outcomes in ischemic stroke, highlighting the need for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Nuno Ramos
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Calvão-Pires
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Gil
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Baptista
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Branco
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Branco
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marto
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal; CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Avery EW, Abou-Karam A, Abi-Fadel S, Behland J, Mak A, Haider SP, Zeevi T, Sanelli PC, Filippi CG, Malhotra A, Matouk CC, Falcone GJ, Petersen N, Sansing LH, Sheth KN, Payabvash S. Radiomics-Based Prediction of Collateral Status from CT Angiography of Patients Following a Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:485. [PMID: 38472957 PMCID: PMC10930945 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major driver of individual variation in long-term outcomes following a large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke is the degree of collateral arterial circulation. We aimed to develop and evaluate machine-learning models that quantify LVO collateral status using admission computed tomography angiography (CTA) radiomics. METHODS We extracted 1116 radiomic features from the anterior circulation territories from admission CTAs of 600 patients experiencing an acute LVO stroke. We trained and validated multiple machine-learning models for the prediction of collateral status based on consensus from two neuroradiologists as ground truth. Models were first trained to predict (1) good vs. intermediate or poor, or (2) good vs. intermediate or poor collateral status. Then, model predictions were combined to determine a three-tier collateral score (good, intermediate, or poor). We used the receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate prediction accuracy. RESULTS We included 499 patients in training and 101 in an independent test cohort. The best-performing models achieved an averaged cross-validation AUC of 0.80 ± 0.05 for poor vs. intermediate/good collateral and 0.69 ± 0.05 for good vs. intermediate/poor, and AUC = 0.77 (0.67-0.87) and AUC = 0.78 (0.70-0.90) in the independent test cohort, respectively. The collateral scores predicted by the radiomics model were correlated with (rho = 0.45, p = 0.002) and were independent predictors of 3-month clinical outcome (p = 0.018) in the independent test cohort. CONCLUSIONS Automated tools for the assessment of collateral status from admission CTA-such as the radiomics models described here-can generate clinically relevant and reproducible collateral scores to facilitate a timely treatment triage in patients experiencing an acute LVO stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W. Avery
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Anthony Abou-Karam
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Sandra Abi-Fadel
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Jonas Behland
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
- CLAIM—Charité Lab for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian Mak
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
- CLAIM—Charité Lab for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan P. Haider
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tal Zeevi
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Pina C. Sanelli
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Christopher G. Filippi
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Charles C. Matouk
- Division of Neurovascular Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Guido J. Falcone
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nils Petersen
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lauren H. Sansing
- Division of Stroke and Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kevin N. Sheth
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Seyedmehdi Payabvash
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (E.W.A.); (A.M.)
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12
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Broccolini A, Brunetti V, Colò F, Alexandre AM, Valente I, Falcou A, Frisullo G, Pedicelli A, Scarcia L, Scala I, Rizzo PA, Bellavia S, Camilli A, Milonia L, Piano M, Macera A, Commodaro C, Ruggiero M, Da Ros V, Bellini L, Lazzarotti GA, Cosottini M, Caragliano AA, Vinci SL, Gabrieli JD, Causin F, Panni P, Roveri L, Limbucci N, Arba F, Pileggi M, Bianco G, Romano DG, Frauenfelder G, Semeraro V, Ganimede MP, Lozupone E, Fasano A, Lafe E, Cavallini A, Russo R, Bergui M, Calabresi P, Della Marca G. Early neurological deterioration in patients with minor stroke due to isolated M2 occlusion undergoing medical management: a retrospective multicenter study. J Neurointerv Surg 2023; 16:38-44. [PMID: 36977569 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with minor stroke and M2 occlusion undergoing best medical management (BMM) may face early neurological deterioration (END) that can lead to poor long-term outcome. In case of END, rescue mechanical thrombectomy (rMT) seems beneficial. Our study aimed to define factors relevant to clinical outcome in patients undergoing BMM with the possibility of rMT on END, and find predictors of END. METHODS Patients with M2 occlusion and a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score≤5 that received either BMM only or rMT on END after BMM were extracted from the databases of 16 comprehensive stroke centers. Clinical outcome measures were a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-1 or 0-2, and occurrence of END. RESULTS Among 10 169 consecutive patients with large vessel occlusion admitted between 2016 and 2021, 208 patients were available for analysis. END was reported in 87 patients that were therefore all subjected to rMT. In a logistic regression model, END (OR 3.386, 95% CI 1.428 to 8.032), baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.362, 95% CI 1.004 to 1.848) and a pre-event mRS score=1 (OR 3.226, 95% CI 1.229 to 8.465) were associated with unfavorable outcome. In patients with END, successful rMT was associated with favorable outcome (OR 4.549, 95% CI 1.098 to 18.851). Among baseline clinical and neuroradiological features, presence of atrial fibrillation was a predictor of END (OR 3.547, 95% CI 1.014 to 12.406). CONCLUSION Patients with minor stroke due to M2 occlusion and atrial fibrillation should be closely monitored for possible worsening during BMM and, in this case, promptly considered for rMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldobrando Broccolini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Brunetti
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea M Alexandre
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Iacopo Valente
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Falcou
- Stroke Unit, University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Frisullo
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedicelli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Scarcia
- Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Scala
- Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Milonia
- Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Piano
- Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Macera
- Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Valerio Da Ros
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Fondazione PTV Policlinico 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Bellini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Fondazione PTV Policlinico 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Guido A Lazzarotti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sergio L Vinci
- Neuroradiology Unit, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Joseph D Gabrieli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Policlinico Universitario di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Causin
- Neuroradiology Unit, Policlinico Universitario di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Pietro Panni
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Roveri
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Limbucci
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Arba
- Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pileggi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Bianco
- Stroke Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Daniele G Romano
- Neuroradiology Unit, AOU S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giulia Frauenfelder
- Neuroradiology Unit, AOU S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vittorio Semeraro
- Interventional Radiology Unit, "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Elvis Lafe
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Cavallini
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Russo
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Bergui
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Della Marca
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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13
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Tsui B, Chen IE, Nour M, Kihira S, Tavakkol E, Polson J, Zhang H, Qiao J, Bahr-Hosseini M, Arnold C, Tateshima S, Salamon N, Villablanca JP, Colby GP, Jahan R, Duckwiler G, Saver JL, Liebeskind DS, Nael K. Perfusion Collateral Index versus Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio in Assessment of Collaterals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1249-1255. [PMID: 37827719 PMCID: PMC10631520 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Perfusion-based collateral indices such as the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio have shown promise in the assessment of collaterals in patients with acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio in collateral assessment compared with angiographic collaterals and outcome measures, including final infarct volume, infarct growth, and functional independence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke with anterior circulation proximal arterial occlusion who underwent endovascular thrombectomy and had pre- and posttreatment MRI were included. Using pretreatment MR perfusion, we calculated the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio for each patient. The angiographic collaterals obtained from DSA were dichotomized to sufficient (American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology [ASITN] scale 3-4) versus insufficient (ASITN scale 0-2). The association of collateral status determined by the perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio was assessed against angiographic collaterals and outcome measures. RESULTS A total of 98 patients met the inclusion criteria. Perfusion collateral index values were significantly higher in patients with sufficient angiographic collaterals (P < .001), while there was no significant (P = .46) difference in hypoperfusion intensity ratio values. Among patients with good (mRS 0-2) versus poor (mRS 3-6) functional outcome, the perfusion collateral index of ≥ 62 was present in 72% versus 31% (P = .003), while the hypoperfusion intensity ratio of ≤0.4 was present in 69% versus 56% (P = .52). The perfusion collateral index and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio were both significantly predictive of final infarct volume, but only the perfusion collateral index was significantly (P = .03) associated with infarct growth. CONCLUSIONS Results show that the perfusion collateral index outperforms the hypoperfusion intensity ratio in the assessment of collateral status, infarct growth, and determination of functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tsui
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Iris E Chen
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - May Nour
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurology (M.N., M.B.-H., J.L.S., D.S.L.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shingo Kihira
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elham Tavakkol
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer Polson
- Department of Bioengineering (J.P., H.Z., C.A.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering (J.P., H.Z., C.A.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joe Qiao
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mersedeh Bahr-Hosseini
- Department of Neurology (M.N., M.B.-H., J.L.S., D.S.L.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Corey Arnold
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Bioengineering (J.P., H.Z., C.A.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Satoshi Tateshima
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Noriko Salamon
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - J Pablo Villablanca
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Geoffrey P Colby
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.P.C.), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Reza Jahan
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gary Duckwiler
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeffrey L Saver
- Department of Neurology (M.N., M.B.-H., J.L.S., D.S.L.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David S Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology (M.N., M.B.-H., J.L.S., D.S.L.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kambiz Nael
- From the Department of Radiological Sciences (B.T., I.E.C., M.N., S.K., E.T., J.Q., C.A., S.T., N.S., J.P.V., R.J., G.D., K.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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14
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Chen M, Meis J, Potreck A, Sauer LD, Kieser M, Bendszus M, Wick W, Ringleb PA, Möhlenbruch MA, Schönenberger S. Effect of Individualized Versus Standardized Blood Pressure Management During Endovascular Stroke Treatment on Clinical Outcome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Stroke 2023; 54:2755-2765. [PMID: 37732489 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal blood pressure (BP) management during endovascular stroke treatment is not well established. We studied whether an individualized approach for managing BP during endovascular stroke treatment gives a better clinical outcome than an approach with standardized systolic BP targets. METHODS The INDIVIDUATE study (Individualized Blood Pressure Management During Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke Under Procedural Sedation) is a randomized clinical trial with a prospective randomized open blinded end point (PROBE) design. Patients were recruited between October 1, 2020 and July 7, 2022 at a single center at a tertiary care university hospital. Patients were eligible, when they were suffering from acute ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation with occlusions of the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery and a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≥8 receiving endovascular stroke treatment in procedural sedation. The intervention consists of an individualized BP management strategy, where preinterventional baseline systolic BP (SBP) values are used as intraprocedural BP targets. As a control, the standard treatment aims to maintain the intraprocedural SBP between 140 and 180 mm Hg. The main prespecified outcome is the proportion of favorable functional outcomes 90 days after stroke, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2. RESULTS Two hundred fifty patients were enrolled and included in the analysis, mean (SD) age was 77 (12) years, 142 (57%) patients were women, and mean (SD) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission was 17 (5.2). In all, 123 (49%) patients were treated with individualized and 127 (51%) with standard BP management. Mean (SD) intraprocedural SBP was similar in the individualized versus standard BP management group (157 [19] versus 154 [18] mm Hg; P=0.16). The rate of favorable functional outcome after 3 months was not significantly different between the individualized versus the standard BP management group (25% versus 24%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.41-1.61]; P=0.56). CONCLUSIONS Among patients treated with endovascular stroke treatment due to an acute ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation, no significant difference was seen between the individualized BP management strategy, where intraprocedural SBP was targeted to baseline values, and the standardized regimen of targeting SBP between 140 and 180 mm Hg. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT04578288.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Neurology (M.C., W.W., P.A.R., S.S.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Jan Meis
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Germany (J.M., L.D.S., M.K.)
| | - Arne Potreck
- Department of Neuroradiology (A.P., M.B., M.A.M.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Lukas D Sauer
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Germany (J.M., L.D.S., M.K.)
| | - Meinhard Kieser
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Germany (J.M., L.D.S., M.K.)
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology (A.P., M.B., M.A.M.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Department of Neurology (M.C., W.W., P.A.R., S.S.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Peter A Ringleb
- Department of Neurology (M.C., W.W., P.A.R., S.S.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Markus A Möhlenbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology (A.P., M.B., M.A.M.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Silvia Schönenberger
- Department of Neurology (M.C., W.W., P.A.R., S.S.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
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15
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Shourav MMI, Anisetti B, Godasi RR, Mateti N, Salem AM, Huynh T, Meschia JF, Lin MP. Association between left atrial enlargement and poor cerebral collaterals in large vessel occlusion. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107372. [PMID: 37738918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Left atrial enlargement (LAE) is a known risk factor for atrial fibrillation, a common cause of large vessel occlusion (LVO) leading to ischemic stroke. While robust cerebral collaterals protect penumbral tissue from infarction, the effect of structural heart disease on cerebral collaterals remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the association between LAE and cerebral collaterals in patients with acute LVO stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients with middle cerebral and/or internal carotid LVO who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) between 2012 to 2020. Consecutive patients with echocardiography and computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the head were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between LAE and poor cerebral collaterals, adjusting for demographics (age, sex, race) and vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes and smoking). RESULTS The study included 235 patients with mean age of 69±15 years and an initial mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 18. Of these, 89 (37.9 %) had LAE, and 105 (44.7 %) had poor collaterals. Patients with LAE were more likely to have poor collaterals compared to those without LAE (58.4 % vs 36.3 %, P = 0.001). LAE was independently associated with higher odds of poor collaterals (odds ratio, 2.47; P = 0.001), even after adjusting for covariables (odds ratio 1.84, P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated a significant association between LAE and poor cerebral collaterals in patients with LVO stroke undergoing EVT. Further research is warranted to explore potential shared mechanisms, such as endothelial dysfunction, underlying this heart-brain association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhrugun Anisetti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Raja R Godasi
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Nihas Mateti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Amr M Salem
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Thien Huynh
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - James F Meschia
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Michelle P Lin
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States.
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Heitkamp C, Winkelmeier L, Heit JJ, Flottmann F, Thaler C, Kniep H, Broocks G, Meyer L, Geest V, Albers GW, Lansberg MG, Fiehler J, Faizy TD. The negative effect of aging on cerebral venous outflow in acute ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1648-1655. [PMID: 37254736 PMCID: PMC10581231 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231179558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cortical venous outflow (VO) represents an imaging biomarker of increasing interest in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study to investigate the effect of aging on VO. A total of 784 patients met the inclusion criteria. Cortical Vein Opacification Score (COVES) was used to assess VO profiles on admission CT angiography. Cerebral microperfusion was determined using the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) derived from perfusion imaging. Arterial collaterals were assessed using the Tan scale. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify independent determinants of VO, HIR and arterial collaterals. In multivariable regression, higher age correlated with worse VO (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]; 0.83 [0.73-0.95]; P = 0.006) and poorer HIR (β coefficient [95% CI], 0.014 [0.005-0.024]; P = 0.002). The negative effect of higher age on VO was mediated by the extent of HIR (17.3%). We conclude that higher age was associated with worse VO in AIS-LVO, partially explained by the extent of HIR reflecting cerebral microperfusion. Our study underlines the need to assess collateral blood flow beyond the arterial system and provides valuable insights into deteriorated cerebral blood supply in elderly AIS-LVO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heitkamp
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laurens Winkelmeier
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeremy J Heit
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fabian Flottmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Thaler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Kniep
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Broocks
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Meyer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Geest
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregory W Albers
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maarten G Lansberg
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias D Faizy
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Jiang X, Gao L, Wang J, Bao J, Fang J, He L. Collateral Status Modification of the Association Between Blood Pressure Variation Within 72 Hours After Endovascular Treatment and Clinical Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1491-1499. [PMID: 37720841 PMCID: PMC10503512 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s424347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood pressure variation and collateral status have been reported to be associated with clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke who received endovascular treatment; however, the relationship between blood pressure variation within 72 hours after EVT and clinical outcome in different collateral status remains unclear. Methods Acute ischemic stroke patients due to large vessel occlusion with EVT were retrospectively enrolled. We classified participants into poor collateral (ASITN/SIR grade <2) and good collateral subgroups (ASITN/SIR grade ≥2). The primary outcome was unfavorable neurological outcome defined as a 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≥2. The interactive effect was tested to determine the influence of collateral status on the association between BP variation and clinical outcome. Results A total of 545 patients were included. The poor collateral subgroup was detected in 198 patients with an average age of 70.2 years. The association between BP variation and primary outcome did not differ under different collateral status (P for interaction >0.05). However, the association between the mean and coefficient of variation (CV) values of DBP and 3-month mortality was significantly discrepant under different collateral status (P for interaction <0.05). In the good collateral subgroup, higher mean DBP was associated with a lower risk of 3-month mortality (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-1, P = 0.033) compared with the poor subgroup (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.1, P = 0.286). In addition, a higher CV of DBP was associated with a higher risk of 3-month mortality (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.36, P < 0.01) compared with poor status (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94-1.23, P=0.275). Conclusion For patients who received EVT with good collateral status, increased CV of DBP was significantly associated with higher 3-month mortality, while higher mean DBP within 72 h after EVT was associated with a decrease in 3-month mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Bao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Wang J, Li J, Liu J, Wu J, Gu S, Yao Y, Luo T, Huang C, Huang F, Li Y. Significant Slowed Cortical Venous Blood Flow in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke with Large Vessel Occlusion Suggests Poor Collateral Circulation and Prognosis. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:1896-1903. [PMID: 36543687 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the change of cortical venous flow in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO-AIS) and its clinical value. MATERIALS AND METHODS Baseline whole-brain 4D-CTA/CTP and clinical data of LVO-AIS and a control group were collected from June 2020 to October 2021. Venous inflow time (VIT), venous peak time (VPT), and venous outflow time (VOT) were analyzed on both sides of patients and normal controls. The VIT/VPT/VOT were statistically described and compared between the patient group and normal controls, then, in patients with different collateral circulation and prognoses. Next, the correlation between cortical venous drainage time and collateral circulation grading was analyzed. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between the three venous times and prognosis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the value of delayed cortical venous imaging in predicting prognosis. RESULTS 149 LVO-AIS and 73 normal controls were collected. VIT, VPT, and VOT were significantly delayed on the affected side in the patient group compared with the healthy side (p<0.05) and the controls (p<0.05); VIT and VPT were also significantly delayed on the healthy side of patients compared with the controls (p<0.05). Delayed VIT and VPT on the affected side in the patient group were more significant in patients with poor collateral circulation (p<0.05), and VIT and VPT on the affected side in the patient group were negatively correlated with arterial collateral scores. VIT and VPT were significantly delayed in both sides of patients in the poor prognosis group compared with the good prognosis group (p<0.05). logistic regression showed that patients' affected VPT, arterial collateral scores, and NIHSS were independent predictors of poor prognosis, with an accuracy of 79.6% in predicting poor prognosis. The affected VPT and NIHSS were independent predictors of poor prognosis for patients presenting within 24 hours, with an accuracy of 79.6% in predicting poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Cortical venous flow was significantly slowed in both sides of LVO-AIS patients. delayed ipsilateral VPT in LVO-AIS patients can be used as an imaging indicator to determine poor collateral circulation and predict poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Wang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China; Medical Imaging Center, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, HN, P.R.China
| | - Jiayang Liu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Jiajing Wu
- Department of Radiology, NO.958th Hospital of PLA Army, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Sirun Gu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Yunzhuo Yao
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Tianyou Luo
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Fusen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
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Wu D, Zhou Y, Zhang G, Shen N, Lu J, Yan S, Xie Y, Gao L, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhang S, Zhu W. Collateral circulation predicts 3-month functional outcomes of subacute ischemic stroke patients: A study combining arterial spin labeling and MR angiography. Eur J Radiol 2023; 160:110710. [PMID: 36701823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Collateral circulation could help preserve the blood supply and protect penumbra in ischemic stroke (IS), critical for late-window therapeutic decisions and clinical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of two collateral indexes measured by arterial spin labeling (ASL) and MR angiography (MRA) in subacute IS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five subacute IS patients with large artery atherosclerosis were retrospectively collected. Arterial transit artifact (ATA) on ASL and good circulation (GC) on MRA were ranked as markers of leptomeningeal collaterals and fast collaterals, respectively. Volume and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of infarct and hypoperfusion area were calculated. Stroke severity was determined by baseline- and discharge- National Institute of Hospital Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Functional independence (FI) was defined as 3-month modified Ranking Scale ≤2. Univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the independent predictors of FI. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients (69.1 %) presented ATA and 29 (52.7 %) patients presented GC. Univariate analyses showed that baseline-NIHSS, discharge-NIHSS, rCBF of infarct, presence of ATA and GC were associated with FI (P < 0.05). After multivariable adjustment, ATA (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR]: 13.785, 95 % CI: 2.608-72.870, P = 0.002) and GC (adjusted OR: 8.317, 95 % CI: 1.629-42.454, P = 0.011) remained independent predictors of FI. Besides, patients with both ATA and GC had the highest frequencies of FI while patients with neither of them showed the lowest (94.7 % vs 14.3 %, P < 0.001), indicating a positive synergistic effect between ATA and GC. CONCLUSION The combination of ASL and MRA simultaneously reflects leptomeningeal collaterals and fast collaterals, providing a useful method to predict functional outcomes of subacute IS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiling Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanxi Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of CT & MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyue Gao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengxia Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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20
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Yan S, Sha S, Li S, Wang D, Jia Y. Association between hypertension and stroke in US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2007 to 2018. Postgrad Med 2023; 135:187-194. [PMID: 36260517 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2138470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is associated with stroke events. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between hypertension and stroke in American adults from 2007 to 2018 in National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS 28528 individuals in the NHANES from 2007 to 2018 were included in the cross-sectional analysis. The independent variable was blood pressure (BP) and the outcome variable was stroke. Multivariate linear regression model was used to study the correlation between BP and stroke. RESULTS In each multivariate linear regression model, BP level was positively correlated with stroke, and this positive correlation was stable in both men and women (man OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.69; woman OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.78). CONCLUSION Our results show that there is a significant positive correlation between BP and stroke. When the systolic blood pressure (SBP) is about 140 mmHg, the risk of stroke is the lowest; Male patients with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of about 80 mmHg have a lower risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyi Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuo Sha
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Senjie Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongping Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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21
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Mohamed A, Shuaib A, Saqqur M, Fatima N. The impact of leptomeningeal collaterals in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:471-489. [PMID: 36195701 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leptomeningeal collaterals provide an alternate pathway to maintain cerebral blood flow in stroke to prevent ischemia, but their role in predicting the outcome is still unclear. So, our study aims at assessing the significance of collateral blood flow (CBF) in acute stroke. METHODS Electronic databases were searched under different MeSH terms from January 2000 to February 2019. Studies were included if there was available data on good and poor CBF in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The clinical outcomes included were modified Rankin scale (mRS), recanalization, mortality, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) at 90 days. Data was analyzed using a random-effect model. RESULTS A total of 47 studies with 8194 patients were included. Pooled meta-analysis revealed that there exist twofold higher likelihood of favorable clinical outcome (mRS ≤ 2) at 90 days with good CBF compared with poor CBF (RR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.94-2.65; p < 0.00001) irrespective of the thrombolytic therapy [RR with IVT: 2.90; 95% CI: 2.14-3.94; p < 0.00001, and RR with IAT/EVT: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.55-2.55; p < 0.00001]. Moreover, there exists onefold higher probability of successful recanalization with good CBF (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.15-1.49; p < 0.00001). However, there was 54% and 64% lower risk of sICH and mortality respectively in patients with good CBF in AIS (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS The relative risk of favorable clinical outcome is more in patients with good pretreatment CBF. This could be explained due to better chances of recanalization combined with a lesser risk of intracerebral hemorrhage with good CBF status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biology (Physiology), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Department of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maher Saqqur
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Better Health, MSK Trillium Hospital, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Nida Fatima
- Division of Neurosurgery, House Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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22
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Seifert K, Heit JJ. Collateral Blood Flow and Ischemic Core Growth. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:13-21. [PMID: 35699917 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of a large vessel occlusion in the acute ischemic stroke setting focuses on vessel recanalization, and endovascular thrombectomy results in favorable outcomes in appropriate candidates. Expeditious treatment is imperative, but patients often present to institutions that do not have neurointerventional surgeons and need to be transferred to a comprehensive stroke center. These treatment delays are common, and it is important to identify factors that mitigate the progression of the ischemic core in order to maximize the preservation of salvageable brain tissue. Collateral blood flow is the strongest factor known to influence ischemic core growth, which includes the input arterial vessels, tissue-level vessels, and venous outflow. Collateral blood flow at these different levels may be imaged by specific imaging techniques that may also predict ischemic core growth during treatment delays and help identify patients who would benefit from transfer and endovascular therapy, as well as identify those patients in whom transfer may be futile. Here we review collateral blood flow and its relationship to ischemic core growth in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Seifert
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy J Heit
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Radiology and Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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23
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Zhai M, Yang J, Cao X, Li Y, Xu H, Wang Y. Determinants of 1-Year Unfavorable Outcomes of Intravenous Alteplase Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2023; 29:10760296231187616. [PMID: 37461226 DOI: 10.1177/10760296231187616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravenous thrombolytic therapy has become the standard of treatment for eligible patients with ischemic stroke. However, outcomes after receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy vary widely. This study aims to investigate determinants of 1-year clinical outcomes of intravenous thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS In a prospective, observational study, patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis were consecutively included, and clinical information and laboratory data were collected. The patients were followed up for 12 months after onset, and the 1-year clinical outcome was evaluated using modified Rankin Scale scores. A score ≥ 3 was defined as unfavorable functional outcome. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the determinants of the 1-year clinical outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. RESULTS A total of 222 patients with intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled, and we identified 58 patients (26.1%) had unfavorable functional outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.114, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.024-1.211, P = .012), atrial fibrillation (OR = 2.553, 95% CI: 1.086-6.002, P = .032), symptomatic stenosis occlusion (OR = 2.547, 95% CI: 1.269-5.110, P = .009), and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR = 1.141, 95% CI: 1.074-1.212, P < .001) were independent predictors of unfavorable functional outcomes at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS In patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis, we found that MPVLR, atrial fibrillation, symptomatic stenosis occlusion, and baseline NIHSS score were significant predictors of unfavorable functional outcomes at 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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24
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Darwish ES, Othman MH, Youssef AH, Tawfik AM, Tohamy AM. Predictive value of cerebral collaterals on CT angiography on the outcome of patients with acute anterior ischemic stroke receiving thrombolysis treatment. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00599-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Functional outcomes of patient with acute ischemic stroke are influenced by the status of the cerebral collaterals. The study aims at evaluating the influence of cerebral collaterals on clinical and radiological outcome in patients with acute anterior ischemic stroke (AAIS) treated with IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA).
Results
Independent predictors of good functional outcomes were in the form of low NIHSS (odds ratio = 1.23, 95%CI = 1.01–2.34, p = 0.01), ASPECT ≥ 8 (odds ratio = 4.56, 95%CI = 3.40–7.89, p < 0.001), and good collateral status by Miteff grading system (odds ratio = 1.23, 95%CI = 2.22–6.79, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Good collateral status is associated with milder stroke volume and good functional outcome. Also, low NIHSS, ASPECT score ≥ 8 and good collateral status by Miteff grading system were reliable independent predictors of favorable outcome in IV-rtPA treated patients with AAIS.
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25
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Impact of preeclampsia/eclampsia on hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke risk: A 17 years follow-up nationwide cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276206. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purposes
The long-term risk of stroke in women with preeclampsia/eclampsia is a concerning issue. In this study we further investigated different stroke subtypes and differentiated follow-up time intervals.
Methods
Between 2000 and 2017, 1,384,427 pregnant women were registered in the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. After excluding women with previous stroke history and exact matching with all confounders, 6,053 women with preeclampsia/eclampsia and 24,212 controls were included in the analysis sample.
Results
Over the 17-year follow-up, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for stroke in women with preeclampsia/eclampsia was 2.05 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.67–2.52, p<0.001). The 17 years overall aHR of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.98 and 3.45, respectively (p<0.001). The stroke subtypes, hemorrhagic and ischemic, had different time trend risks, and hemorrhagic stroke risks kept higher than that of ischemic stroke. The aHR of ischemic stroke reached a peak during 1–3 years after childbirth (aHR = 3.09). The aHR of hemorrhagic stroke reached a peak during 3–5 years (aHR = 7.49).
Conclusions
Stroke risk persisted even after decades, for both ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes. Women with preeclampsia/eclampsia history should be aware of the long-term risk of stroke.
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Tsui B, Nour M, Chen I, Qiao JX, Salehi B, Yoo B, Colby GP, Salamon N, Villablanca P, Jahan R, Duckwiler G, Saver JL, Liebeskind DS, Nael K. MR Angiography in Assessment of Collaterals in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Comparative Analysis with Digital Subtraction Angiography. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091181. [PMID: 36138917 PMCID: PMC9497115 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collateral status has prognostic and treatment implications in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Unlike CTA, grading collaterals on MRA is not well studied. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of assessing collaterals on pretreatment MRA in AIS patients against DSA. AIS patients with anterior circulation proximal arterial occlusion with baseline MRA and subsequent endovascular treatment were included. MRA collaterals were evaluated by two neuroradiologists independently using the Tan and Maas scoring systems. DSA collaterals were evaluated by using the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology grading system and were used as the reference for comparative analysis against MRA. A total of 104 patients met the inclusion criteria (59 female, age (mean ± SD): 70.8 ± 18.1). The inter-rater agreement (k) for collateral scoring was 0.49, 95% CI 0.37–0.61 for the Tan score and 0.44, 95% CI 0.26–0.62 for the Maas score. Total number (%) of sufficient vs. insufficient collaterals based on DSA was 49 (47%) and 55 (53%) respectively. Using the Tan score, 45% of patients with sufficient collaterals and 64% with insufficient collaterals were correctly identified in comparison to DSA, resulting in a poor agreement (0.09, 95% CI 0.1–0.28). Using the Maas score, only 4% of patients with sufficient collaterals and 93% with insufficient collaterals were correctly identified against DSA, resulting in poor agreement (0.03, 95% CI 0.06–0.13). Pretreatment MRA in AIS patients has limited concordance with DSA when grading collaterals using the Tan and Maas scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tsui
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - May Nour
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Iris Chen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joe X. Qiao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Banafsheh Salehi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bryan Yoo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Geoffrey P. Colby
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pablo Villablanca
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Reza Jahan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gary Duckwiler
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Saver
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David S. Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kambiz Nael
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Cappellari M, Sajeva G, Augelli R, Zivelonghi C, Plebani M, Mandruzzato N, Mangiafico S. Favourable collaterals according to the Careggi Collateral Score grading system in patients treated with thrombectomy for stroke with middle cerebral artery occlusion. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2022; 54:550-557. [PMID: 35982197 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the current grading systems to predict optimal outcomes in stroke patients with favourable collaterals remains unexplored. We evaluated differences in the performance of grading systems between Careggi Collateral Score and ASITN/SIR collateral score to predict clinical and radiological outcomes in stroke patients with favourable collaterals who underwent thrombectomy. We included stroke patients receiving thrombectomy within 360 min after symptom onset with MCA occlusion and favourable collaterals (i.e., without poor collaterals) defined by ASITN/SIR collateral score between 2 and 4. Using ordinal regression, we estimated the association of each CCS and ASITN/SIR grade with mRS shift (0-6) at 3 months, NIHSS score (0-42) and ASPECT score (10-0) at baseline, TICI score (3-0), infarct growth, cerebral bleeding, and cerebral edema grading at 24 h by calculating the odds ratios (ORs) with two-sided 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for predefined variables. Using the best collateral grade (CCS = 4) as reference, ORs of the CCS grades were associated in the direction of unfavourable outcome on 3-month mRS shift (2.325 for CCS = 3; 5.092 for CCS = 2), in the direction of more severe baseline NIHSS score (5.434 for CCS = 3; 16.041 for CCS = 2), 24-h infarct growth (2.659 for CCS = 3; 8.288 for CCS = 4) and 24-h cerebral edema (1.057 for CCS = 3; 5.374 for CCS = 2) shift. ORs of the ASITN/SIR grades were associated in the direction of more severe baseline NIHSS score (4.332 for ASITN/SIR = 3; 16.960 for ASITN/SIR = 2) and 24-h infarct growth (2.138 for ASITN/SIR = 3; 7.490 for ASITN/SIR = 2) shift. The AUC ROC of CCS and ASITN/SIR for predicting 3-month mRS score 0-1 were 0.681 (95% CI: 0.562-0.799; p = 0.009) and 0.599 (95% CI: 0.466-0.73; p = 0.156), respectively. CCS = 4 and ASITN/SIR ≥ 3 were the optimal cut-offs to predict 3-month mRS score 0-1, respectively. CCS grading system performed better than the ASITN/SIR collateral score predicting 3-month mRS score and 24-h CED grading in stroke patients with favourable collaterals who received thrombectomy for MCA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, DAI Di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Sajeva
- Stroke Unit, DAI Di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaele Augelli
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Cecilia Zivelonghi
- Stroke Unit, DAI Di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Plebani
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicolò Mandruzzato
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Mangiafico
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, FL, Italy
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González RG. Diffusion MR Imaging of Large Vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke for Treatment Selection. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2022; 30:363-369. [PMID: 35995467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of MR imaging in the evaluation and management of ischemic stroke patients is large, and to cover it all is far beyond the scope of one article. Thus, the focus will be on the role of MR imaging in the great leap forward in stroke therapy: endovascular thrombectomy of large vessel occlusions (LVOs). Diffusion MR imaging has played a key role in the research leading to the current standard of care for LVO stroke because it is the most sensitive and reliable method for the early delineation of the ischemic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Gilberto González
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 273A, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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29
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Association of 24-hour blood pressure parameters post-thrombectomy with functional outcomes according to collateral status. J Neurol Sci 2022; 441:120369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Baseline Characteristics Associated with Good Collateral Status Using Hypoperfusion Index as an Outcome. Tomography 2022; 8:1885-1894. [PMID: 35894024 PMCID: PMC9330882 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 30% of ischemic stroke cases are due to large vessel occlusion (LVO), causing significant morbidity. Studies have shown that the collateral circulation of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to LVO can predict their clinical and radiological outcomes. The aim of this study is to identify baseline patient characteristics that can help predict the collateral status of these patients for improved triage. In this IRB approved retrospective study, consecutive patients presenting with AIS secondary to anterior circulation LVO were identified between September 2019 and August 2021. The baseline patient characteristics, laboratory values, imaging features and outcomes were collected using a manual chart review. From the 181 consecutive patients initially reviewed, 54 were confirmed with a clinical diagnosis of AIS and anterior circulation LVO. In patients with poor collateral status, the body mass index (BMI) was found to be significantly lower compared to those with good collateral status (26.4 ± 5.6 vs. 31.7 ± 12.3; p = 0.045). BMI of >35 kg/m2 was found to predict the presence of good collateral status. Age was found to be significantly higher (70.5 ± 9.6 vs. 58.9 ± 15.6; p = 0.034) in patients with poor collateral status and M1 strokes associated with older age and BMI.
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31
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Pi C, Wang J, Zhao D, Yu S. The determinants of collateral circulation status in patients with chronic cerebral arterial circle occlusion: A STROBE Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29703. [PMID: 35777030 PMCID: PMC9239625 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The condition of collateral pathways is an important predictor of stroke prognoses; however the major determinants of collaterals are still unknown. The purpose of this study is to identify potentially determinants for collateral circulation status in patients with chronic occlusion of cerebral arterial circle. All patients with chronic occlusion of either unilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery M1 or M2 segment, diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography at the neurology department of the First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, were retrospectively collected in our sample. After screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the patients' relevant clinical data were collected and analyzed. Collateral circulations were assessed by 2 independent raters using the American society of interventional and therapeutic neuroradiology/society of interventional radiology flow-grading system. Baseline characteristics (n = 163): our sample consists of 116 (71.2%) male and 47 (28.8%) female patients with an average age of 57.5 ± 11.9 years. Cerebral collateral flow was poor in 59 (36.2%) patients. Our univariate analyses showed that poor collateral circulation was associated with lower high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL), elevated homocysteine levels, aging and hyperlipidemia. A multivariate analysis identified HDL, homocysteine levels and ageing as major predictors for collateral circulation status. In the subgroup analysis, the HDL contributed to collateral angiogenesis internal carotid artery occlusion group. In the middle cerebral artery occlusion group, the homocysteine and ageing were related to the poor collateral status. Low HDL, high levels of homocysteine and ageing are identified as possible risk factors for a poor collateral vessel blood flow in patients with chronic anterior circulation occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Pi
- Nankai University, College of Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dengfa Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Nankai University, College of Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengyuan Yu, College of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China )
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Merging Multiphase CTA Images and Training Them Simultaneously with a Deep Learning Algorithm Could Improve the Efficacy of AI Models for Lateral Circulation Assessment in Ischemic Stroke. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071562. [PMID: 35885468 PMCID: PMC9315590 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to build a deep learning-based, objective, fast, and accurate collateral circulation assessment model. We included 92 patients who had suffered acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation in this study, following their admission to our hospital from June 2020 to August 2021. We analyzed their baseline whole-brain four-dimensional computed tomography angiography (4D-CTA)/CT perfusion. The images of the arterial, arteriovenous, venous, and late venous phases were extracted from 4D-CTA according to the perfusion time–density curve. The subtraction images of each phase were created by subtracting the non-contrast CT. Each patient was marked as having good or poor collateral circulation. Based on the ResNet34 classification network, we developed a single-image input and a multi-image input network for binary classification of collateral circulation. The training and test sets included 65 and 27 patients, respectively, and Monte Carlo cross-validation was employed for five iterations. The network performance was evaluated based on its precision, accuracy, recall, F1-score, and AUC. All the five performance indicators of the single-image input model were higher than those of the other model. The single-image input processing network, combining multiphase CTA images, can better classify AIS collateral circulation. This automated collateral assessment tool could help to streamline clinical workflows, and screen patients for reperfusion therapy.
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33
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Xu M, Guo W, Rascle L, Mechtouff L, Nighoghossian N, Eker O, Wang L, Henninger N, Mikati AG, Zhang S, Wu B, Liu M. Leukoaraiosis Distribution and Cerebral Collaterals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:869329. [PMID: 35812112 PMCID: PMC9263359 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.869329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Microvascular failure might result in the collapse of cerebral collaterals. However, controversy remains regarding the role of leukoaraiosis (LA) in collateral recruitment. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between LA and cerebral collaterals. Methods Ovid Medline, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and three Chinese databases were searched from inception to August 2021. Two types of cerebral collaterals, including Circle of Willis (CoW) and leptomeningeal collaterals (LC), were investigated separately. Random effect models were used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR). Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results From 14 studies (n = 2,451) that fulfilled our inclusion criteria, data from 13 could be pooled for analysis. Overall, there was a significant association between severe LA and incomplete CoW (pooled OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.18–2.32, p = 0.003), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 5.9%). This association remained significant in deep LA (pooled OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.04–2.11, p = 0.029, I2 = 0), but not periventricular LA. Similarly, there was a significant association between LA and LC (pooled OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03–2.90, p = 0.037), but with high heterogeneity (I2 = 67.2%). Meta-regression indicated a negative association of sample size with the effect sizes (p = 0.029). In addition, most of the studies (7/9) included into the analysis of the relationship of severe LA with poor LC enrolled subjects with large vessel occlusion stroke, and this relationship remained significant when pooling the seven studies, but with high heterogeneity. Conclusion Severe LA is associated with a higher prevalence of poor collaterals. This association is robust for CoW but weak for LC. Further studies are required to explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangmang Xu
- Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lucie Rascle
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laura Mechtouff
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Omer Eker
- Department of Neuroradiology of Pierre Wertheimer Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nils Henninger
- Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Abdul Ghani Mikati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampa General Hospital, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shihong Zhang
- Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu
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Faizy TD, Mlynash M, Kabiri R, Christensen S, Kuraitis GM, Mader MM, Flottmann F, Broocks G, Lansberg MG, Albers GW, Marks MP, Fiehler J, Wintermark M, Heit JJ. The Cerebral Collateral Cascade: Comprehensive Blood Flow in Ischemic Stroke. Neurology 2022; 98:e2296-e2306. [PMID: 35483902 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Robust cerebral collaterals are associated with favorable outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion treated by thrombectomy. However, collateral status assessment mostly relies on single imaging biomarkers and a more comprehensive holistic approach may provide deeper insights into the biology of collateral perfusion on medical imaging. Comprehensive collateralization is defined as blood flow of cerebral arteries through the brain tissue and into draining veins. We hypothesized that a comprehensive analysis of the cerebral collateral cascade (CCC) on an arterial, tissue, and venous level would predict clinical and radiologic outcomes. METHODS This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with acute stroke undergoing thrombectomy triage. CCC was determined by quantifying pial arterial collaterals, tissue-level collaterals, and venous outflow (VO). Pial arterial collaterals were determined by CT angiography; tissue-level collaterals were assessed on CT perfusion. VO was assessed on CT angiography using the cortical vein opacification score. Three groups were defined: CCC+ (good pial collaterals, tissue-level collaterals, and VO), CCC- (poor pial collaterals, tissue-level collaterals, and VO), and CCCmixed (the remainder of the patients). Primary outcome was functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) at 90 days. Secondary outcome was final infarct volume. RESULTS A total of 647 patients met inclusion criteria: 176 CCC+, 345 CCCmixed, and 126 CCC-. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression showed that CCC+ predicted good functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 18.9 [95% CI 8-44.5]; p < 0.001) compared with CCC- and CCCmixed. CCCmixed patients likely had better functional outcomes compared with CCC- patients (OR 2.5 [95% CI 1.2-5.4]; p = 0.014). Quantile regression analysis (50th percentile) showed that CCC+ (β -78.5, 95% CI -96.0 to -61.1; p < 0.001) and CCCmixed (β -64.0, 95% CI -82.4 to -45.6; p < 0.001) profiles were associated with considerably lower final infarct volumes compared with CCC- profiles. DISCUSSION Comprehensive assessment of the collateral blood flow cascade in patients with acute stroke is a strong predictor of clinical and radiologic outcomes in patients treated by thrombectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Djamsched Faizy
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Michael Mlynash
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Reza Kabiri
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Soren Christensen
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Gabriella Marie Kuraitis
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Marius M Mader
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Fabian Flottmann
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Gabriel Broocks
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Maarten G Lansberg
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Gregory W Albers
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Michael P Marks
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Max Wintermark
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jeremy J Heit
- From the Departments of Radiology (T.D.F., R.K., G.M.K., M.P.M., M.W., J.J.H.) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (M.M., S.C., M.G.L., G.W.A.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; and Departments of Neuroradiology (T.D.F., R.K., F.F., G.B., J.F.) and Neurosurgery (M.M.M.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
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Sim JE, Chung JW, Seo WK, Bang OY, Kim GM. Association of Systolic Blood Pressure and Cerebral Collateral Flow in Acute Ischemic Stroke by Stroke Subtype. Front Neurol 2022; 13:863483. [PMID: 35645966 PMCID: PMC9136006 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.863483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Collateral flow in acute ischemic stroke is known as a predictor of treatment outcome and long-term prognosis. However, factors determining the initial collateral flow remain unclear. We investigated factors related to collateral flow in patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) and further analyzed the results according to stroke etiology. Methods This was a retrospective study using prospective stroke registry data from a single university hospital from October 2014 to May 2021. AIS-LVO with middle cerebral artery M1 occlusion identified by pre-treatment multiphasic computed tomography angiography was included. Collateral flow score was graded on a 6-point ordinal scale according to pial arterial filling. Results A total of 74 patients [cardioembolism (CE): 57; large artery atherosclerosis (LAA): 17] was included. The mean age of all patients was 72.2 ± 11.7 years, and 37.8 % (n = 28) were men. Multivariate regression analysis showed that initial SBP [odds ratio (OR): 0.994; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.990–0.998; p = 0.002] and stroke etiology (OR: 0.718; 95% CI: 0.548–0.940; p = 0.019) were independent factors of the collateral flow grade. Collateral flow grade was independently associated with initial SBP in the CE group (OR: 0.993; 95% CI: 0.989–0.998; p = 0.004) but not in the LAA group (OR: 0.992; 95% CI: 0.980–1.004; p = 0.218). Initial SBP was significantly correlated with NIHSS score in the CE group but not in the LAA group (r2= 0.091, p = 0.023; r2 = 0.043, p = 0.426, respectively). Conclusions Elevated initial SBP was associated with poor cerebral collateral flow and more severe symptoms in the CE group, but not in the LAA group in patients with AIS-LVO. These findings suggest differential effects of initial SBP elevation on collateral flow by stroke subtypes.
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Khunte M, Wu X, Avery EW, Gandhi D, Payabvash S, Matouk C, Heit JJ, Wintermark M, Albers GW, Sanelli P, Malhotra A. Impact of collateral flow on cost-effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:1801-1810. [PMID: 35535841 DOI: 10.3171/2022.2.jns212887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute ischemic stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion and good collateral blood flow have significantly better outcomes than patients with poor collateral circulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) based on collateral status and, in particular, to analyze its effectiveness in ischemic stroke patients with poor collaterals. METHODS A decision analysis study was performed with Markov modeling to estimate the lifetime quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and associated costs of EVT based on collateral status. The study was performed over a lifetime horizon with a societal perspective in the US setting. Base-case analysis was done for good, intermediate, and poor collateral status. One-way, two-way, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS EVT resulted in greater effectiveness of treatment compared to no EVT/medical therapy (2.56 QALYs in patients with good collaterals, 1.88 QALYs in those with intermediate collaterals, and 1.79 QALYs in patients with poor collaterals), which was equivalent to 1050, 771, and 734 days, respectively, in a health state characterized by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2. EVT also resulted in lower costs in patients with good and intermediate collaterals. For patients with poor collateral status, the EVT strategy had higher effectiveness and higher costs, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $44,326/QALY. EVT was more cost-effective as long as it had better outcomes in absolute numbers in at least 4%-8% more patients than medical management. CONCLUSIONS EVT treatment in the early time window for good outcome after ischemic stroke is cost-effective irrespective of the quality of collateral circulation, and patients should not be excluded from thrombectomy solely on the basis of collateral status. Despite relatively lower benefits of EVT in patients with poor collaterals, even smaller differences in better outcomes have significant long-term financial implications that make EVT cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir Khunte
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xiao Wu
- 2Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily W Avery
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dheeraj Gandhi
- 3Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Seyedmehdi Payabvash
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Charles Matouk
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,4Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeremy J Heit
- 5Department of Radiology.,6Department of Neurosurgery, and
| | | | - Gregory W Albers
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, and.,7Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Pina Sanelli
- 8Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Long Island, New York
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Association of the careggi collateral score with radiological outcomes after thrombectomy for stroke with an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2022; 54:309-317. [PMID: 35396661 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the association between Careggi Collateral Score (CCS) and radiological outcomes in a large multicenter cohort of patients receiving thrombectomy for stroke with occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA). We conducted a study on prospectively collected data from 1785 patients enrolled in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke. According to the extension of the retrograde reperfusion in the cortical anterior cerebral artery-MCA territories, CCS ranges from 0 (absence of retrograde filling) to 4 (visualization of collaterals until the alar segment of the MCA). Radiological outcomes at 24 h were the presence and severity of infarct growth defined by the absolute change in ASPECTS from baseline to 24 h; presence and severity of cerebral bleeding defined as no ICH, HI-1, HI-2, PH-1, or PH-2; presence and severity of cerebral edema (CED) defined as no CED, CED-1, CED-2, or CED-3. Using CCS = 0 as reference, ORs of CCS grades were significantly associated in the direction of better radiological outcome on infarct growth (0.517 for CCS = 1, 0.413 for CCS = 2, 0.358 for CCS = 3, 0.236 for CCS = 4), cerebral bleeding grading (0.485 for CCS = 1, 0.445 for CCS = 2, 0.400 for CCS = 3, 0.379 for CCS = 4), and CED grading (0.734 for CCS = 1, 0.301 for CCS = 2, 0.295 for CCS = 3, 0.255 for CSS = 4) shift in ordinal regression analysis after adjustment for pre-defined variables (age, NIHSS score, ASPECTS, occlusion site, onset-to-groin puncture time, procedure time, and TICI score). Using CCS = 4 as reference, ORs of CCS grades were significantly associated in the direction of worse radiological outcome on infarct growth (1.521 for CCS = 3, 1.754 for CCS = 2, 2.193 for CCS = 1, 4.244 for CCS = 0), cerebral bleeding grading (2.498 for CCS = 0), and CED grading (1.365 for CCS = 2, 2.876 for CCS = 1, 3.916 for CCS = 0) shift. The CCS could improve the prognostic estimate of radiological outcomes in patients receiving thrombectomy for stroke with MCA occlusion.
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Hong Y, Fang J, Ma M, Su W, Zhou M, Tang L, Tang H, He L. The Hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign is associated with poor leptomeningeal collaterals in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective study. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:51. [PMID: 35148711 PMCID: PMC8832774 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) is an early radiological marker to provide an early diagnosis and to identify ischemia. As reported, HMCAS is associated with heavy clot burden. Moreover, a heavy clot burden may cause obstruction of the orifices of arteries for leptomeningeal collateral flows and can lead to severe clinical conditions. However, the direct relationship between HMCAS and collateral flows remains unclear. Therefore, we explored the association between HMCAS and leptomeningeal collaterals in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods Consecutive ischemic stroke patients were enrolled from January 2015 to April 2021. HMCAS appearance and collateral status were detected by multimodal computed tomography at admission. Logistic regression analyses helped to identify the association between HMCAS, collateral flows and stroke severity. Results In 494 included patients, 180 (36.4%) presented with HMCAS. Ipsilateral collaterals were not seen or less prominent in patients with HMCAS (P < 0.001). The HMCAS appearance was significantly associated with less collaterals (odds ratio 5.17, 95% confidence interval 3.27-8.18, P < 0.001), internal carotid artery + M1/M1 occlusion, the initial stroke severity and follow-up outcomes. Subgroup analyses further confirmed HMCAS as an indicator of poor collaterals in ischemic stroke (all P values < 0.05). Conclusions HMCAS is associated with poor leptomeningeal collaterals, the stroke severity and a poor neurological outcome. Therefore, the HMCAS appearance can act as an early warning sign for healthcare professionals to be alert for poor collateral flows and poor neurological outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hong
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinghuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Muke Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huairong Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wainan Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Huang Q, Cai G, Liu T, Liu Z. Relationships Among Gut Microbiota, Ischemic Stroke and Its Risk Factors: Based on Research Evidence. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:2003-2023. [PMID: 35795301 PMCID: PMC9252587 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s353276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a highly lethal disease and disabling illness while ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of stroke. It has been found that inflammation plays a key role in the initiation and progression of stroke, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture is considered to be the leading cause of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, chronic inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, are also considered as the high-risk factors for stroke. Recently, the topic on how gut microbiota affects human health has aroused great concern. The initiation and progression of ischemic stroke has been found to have close relation with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Hence, this manuscript briefly summarizes the roles of gut microbiota in ischemic stroke and its related risk factors, and the practicability of preventing and alleviating ischemic stroke by reconstructing gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhong Huang
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guannan Cai
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, Innovation Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ting Liu; Zhihua Liu, Email ;
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, People’s Republic of China
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DEMİR ÜNAL E, BEKTAŞ H, BAYINDIR H, KURŞUN O. Bio-clinical evaluation of collateral score in acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Turk J Med Sci 2022; 52:195-205. [PMID: 34688242 PMCID: PMC10734885 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2103-301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized as a neurological deficit owing to an acute focal damage to the brain by cerebral infarction. A collateral score is the most significant factor evaluating the prognosis of AIS, its relationship with demographic data, serum biochemical parameters, and clinical disability in this field. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective study with 100 patients with AIS within the first 6 h of ischemic stroke. Data for consecutive AIS patients were collected from February 2019 to May 2020. The collateral score was assessed by using developed scoring systems defined by Maas et al. The correlations between collateral score and demographic data, biochemical parameters, NIHSS scores (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), mRS (modified Rankin scale) scores were recorded. RESULTS The research was performed in 100 patients (median age, 71.55 ± 11.46 years), and there was a statistically significant difference between elevated erythrocyte distribution width (RDW) and Maas collateral score (insular cortex) (p = 0.024) and lymphocyte/ monocyte ratio (LMO) and Maas collateral (leptomeningeal) score (p = 0.025).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra DEMİR ÜNAL
- Department of Neurology, Nevşehir City Hospital, Nevşehir,
Turkey
| | - Hesna BEKTAŞ
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara,
Turkey
| | - Hasan BAYINDIR
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan KURŞUN
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkey
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Evolution of Hypodensity on Non-Contrast CT in Correlation with Collaterals in Anterior Circulation Stroke with Successful Endovascular Reperfusion. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020446. [PMID: 35054140 PMCID: PMC8777970 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of collaterals on the evolution of hypodensity on non-contrast CT (NCCT) in anterior circulation stroke with reperfusion by mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Methods: We retrospectively included stroke patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion who were reperfused by MT in early and late time window. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based software was used to calculate of hypodensity volumes at baseline NCCT (V1) and at follow-up NCCT 24 h after MT (V2), along with the difference between the two volumes (V2-V1) and the follow-up (V2)/baseline (V1) volume ratio (V2/V1). The same software was used to classify collateral status by using a 4-point scale where the score of zero indicated no collaterals and the score of three represented contrast filling of all collaterals. The volumetric values were correlated with the collateral scores. Results: Collateral scores had significant negative correlation with V1 (p = 0.035), V2, V2− V1 and V2/V1 (p < 0.001). In cases with collateral score = 3, V2 was significantly smaller or absent compared to V1; in those with collateral score 2, V2 was slightly larger than V1, and in those with scores 1 and 0 V2 was significantly larger than V1. These relationships were observed in both early and late time windows. Conclusions: The collateral status determined the evolution of the baseline hypodensity on NCCT in patients with anterior circulation stroke who had MT reperfusion. Damage can be stable or reversible in patients with good collaterals while in those with poor collaterals tissues that initially appear normal will frequently appear as necrotic after 24 h. With good collaterals, it is stable or can be reversible while with poor collaterals, normal looking tissue frequently appears as necrotic in follow-up exam. Hence, acute hypodensity represents different states of the ischemic brain parenchyma.
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Bhagat R, Muha A, Remmel K, Liu W. Assessment of computed tomography perfusion RAPID estimated core volume accuracy in patients following thrombectomy. CURRENT JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY 2022; 21:17-22. [PMID: 38011429 PMCID: PMC9527863 DOI: 10.18502/cjn.v21i1.9356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) maps ischemic core volume (CV) and penumbra following a stroke; however, its accuracy in early symptom onset is not well studied. We compared the accuracy of CTP RAPID estimated CV with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) infarct volume (IV) in patients following thrombectomy. Methods: Charts of anterior circulation large vessel occlusion post-thrombectomy cases with thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) 2b/3 reperfusion from 2017 to 2019 were reviewed. CTP time was dichotomized as 0-3 hours and ≥ 3 hours from the last known normal (LKN) cognition. The volumetric difference (VD), defined as DWI IV minus CTP CV, core volume overestimation (CVO), defined as CTP CV minus DWI IV and Alberta stroke programme early CT score (ASPECTS) were calculated. Large CV was defined as ≥ 50 ml CV. Modified Rankin Score (mRS) at 90 days were reviewed. We performed independent sample t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient test. Results: Total cases (n) were 61. In < 3 hours window from LKN (n = 27), the mean VD was 58.3 ± 0.1 ml (P = 0.990) and CVO (n = 11; 40.7%) was 39.6 ± 35.7 ml (P = 0.008). Mean large CV (n = 8) was 78.3 ± 25.4 ml with median ASPECTS of 8 [interquartile range (IQR) = 6.5-9.0] and median mRS at 90 days of 2 (IQR = 0.8-3.3). In ≥ 3 hours window from LKN (n = 34), CVO (n = 5) was uncommon and large CV had median mRS at 90 days of 5 (IQR = 4.0-6.0). Conclusion: CTP more frequently overestimates CV in patients who are < 3 hours from LKN. The treated patients with large CV in < 3 hours and > 3 hours had good and poor functional outcomes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riwaj Bhagat
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Allison Muha
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kerri Remmel
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Hashimoto T, Kunieda T, Honda T, Scalzo F, Ali L, Hinman J, Rao N, Nour M, Bahr-Hosseini M, Saver J, Raychev R, Liebeskind D. Reduced Leukoaraiosis, Noncardiac Embolic Stroke Etiology, and Shorter Thrombus Length Indicate Good Leptomeningeal Collateral Flow in Embolic Large-Vessel Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:63-69. [PMID: 34794948 PMCID: PMC8757540 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute leptomeningeal collateral flow is vital for maintaining perfusion to penumbral tissue in acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel occlusion. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinically available indicators of leptomeningeal collateral variability in embolic large-vessel occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Among prospectively registered consecutive patients with acute embolic anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion treated with thrombectomy, we analyzed 108 patients admitted from January 2015 to December 2019 who underwent evaluation of leptomeningeal collateral status on pretreatment CTA. Clinical characteristics, extent of leukoaraiosis on MR imaging, embolic stroke subtype, time of imaging, occlusive thrombus characteristics, presenting stroke severity, and clinical outcome were collected. The clinical indicators of good collateral status (>50% collateral filling of the occluded territory) were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Good collateral status was present in 67 patients (62%) and associated with independent functional outcomes at 3 months. Reduced leukoaraiosis (total Fazekas score, 0-2) was positively related to good collateral status (OR, 9.57; 95% CI, 2.49-47.75), while the cardioembolic stroke mechanism was inversely related to good collateral status (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.02-0.87). In 82 patients with cardioembolic stroke, shorter thrombus length (OR, 0.91 per millimeter increase; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99) and reduced leukoaraiosis (OR, 5.79; 95% CI, 1.40-29.61) were independently related to good collateral status. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with embolic large-vessel occlusion, reduced leukoaraiosis, noncardiac embolism mechanisms including embolisms of arterial or undetermined origin, and shorter thrombus length in cardioembolism are indicators of good collateral flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Hashimoto
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - T. Kunieda
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - T. Honda
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - F. Scalzo
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - L. Ali
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - J.D. Hinman
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - N.M. Rao
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - M. Nour
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - M. Bahr-Hosseini
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - J.L. Saver
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - R. Raychev
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - D. Liebeskind
- From the Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Kojima D, Fujimoto K, Kashimura H, Akamatsu Y. Successful Leptomeningeal Enhancement in a Patient with Tandem Occlusion of a Carotid and Middle Cerebral Artery Following Carotid Artery Stenting for Contralateral Carotid Artery Stenosis. JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOVASCULAR THERAPY 2021; 16:381-386. [PMID: 37502347 PMCID: PMC10370919 DOI: 10.5797/jnet.cr.2021-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective Although the presence of leptomeningeal anastomosis is known as a predictor of favorable outcome in patients with acute large vessel occlusion, the efficacy of enhancing leptomeningeal collateral flow has rarely been demonstrated. Case Presentation A 73-year-old man previously diagnosed with asymptomatic bilateral carotid stenosis was admitted to our emergency department 2 hours after the onset of fluctuating symptoms, including aphasia, left conjugate deviation, and right hemiparesis. CT demonstrated no hemorrhagic lesion. Considering the history of the patient, emergent angiography was performed and demonstrated tandem occlusion of the left cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) with left common carotid injection, leptomeningeal flow compensating for distal territory of occluded segment of left middle cerebral artery (MCA) via the left anterior cerebral artery through severe cervical ICA stenosis with right common carotid injection, and the proximal segment of the left MCA through the posterior communicating artery and occlusion of the M2 segment with left vertebral injection. Given the results of angiography and fluctuating symptoms, hemodynamic insufficiency was considered the underlying stroke mechanism for this case. Although recanalization of tandem lesions was initially considered, the risk of distal clot migration was a concern, so the patient underwent right carotid artery stenting (CAS) to enhance leptomeningeal collateral flow. This resulted in immediate resolution of symptoms after right CAS. Conclusion Stenting for carotid artery stenosis contralateral to tandem occlusive lesion may offer an effective alternative when both Willisian and leptomeningeal collaterals are robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Kojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kentaro Fujimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kashimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yosuke Akamatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Kitakami, Iwate, Japan
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Abbasi-Habashi S, Jickling GC, Winship IR. Immune Modulation as a Key Mechanism for the Protective Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning After Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:746486. [PMID: 34956045 PMCID: PMC8695500 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.746486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), which involves a series of short cycles of ischemia in an organ remote to the brain (typically the limbs), has been shown to protect the ischemic penumbra after stroke and reduce ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Although the exact mechanism by which this protective signal is transferred from the remote site to the brain remains unclear, preclinical studies suggest that the mechanisms of RIC involve a combination of circulating humoral factors and neuronal signals. An improved understanding of these mechanisms will facilitate translation to more effective treatment strategies in clinical settings. In this review, we will discuss potential protective mechanisms in the brain and cerebral vasculature associated with RIC. We will discuss a putative role of the immune system and circulating mediators of inflammation in these protective processes, including the expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory genes in peripheral immune cells that may influence the outcome. We will also review the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), biological vectors capable of delivering cell-specific cargo such as proteins and miRNAs to cells, in modulating the protective effects of RIC in the brain and vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Abbasi-Habashi
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen C Jickling
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ian R Winship
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Chen M, Kronsteiner D, Pfaff J, Schieber S, Jäger L, Bendszus M, Kieser M, Möhlenbruch MA, Ringleb PA, Bösel J, Schönenberger S. Hemodynamic Status During Endovascular Stroke Treatment: Association of Blood Pressure with Functional Outcome. Neurocrit Care 2021; 35:825-834. [PMID: 34142339 PMCID: PMC8692300 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01229-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal blood pressure (BP) management during endovascular stroke treatment in patients with large-vessel occlusion is not well established. We aimed to investigate associations of BP during different phases of endovascular therapy with reperfusion and functional outcome. METHODS We performed a post hoc analysis of a single-center prospective study that evaluated a new simplified procedural sedation standard during endovascular therapy (Keep Evaluating Protocol Simplification in Managing Periinterventional Light Sedation for Endovascular Stroke Treatment). BP during endovascular therapy in patients was managed according to protocol. Data from four different phases (baseline, pre-recanalization, post recanalization, and post intervention) were obtained, and mean BP values, as well as changes in BP between different phases and reductions in systolic BP (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline to pre-recanalization, were used as exposure variables. The main outcome was a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2 three months after admission. Secondary outcomes were successful reperfusion and change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score after 24 h. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Functional outcomes were analyzed in 139 patients with successful reperfusion (defined as thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b-3). The mean (standard deviation) age was 76 (10.9) years, the mean (standard deviation) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 14.3 (7.5), and 70 (43.5%) patients had a left-sided vessel occlusion. Favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) was less likely with every 10-mm Hg increase in baseline (odds ratio [OR] 0.76, P = 0.04) and pre-recanalization (OR 0.65, P = 0.011) SBP. This was also found for baseline (OR 0.76, P = 0.05) and pre-recanalization MAP (OR 0.66, P = 0.03). The maximum Youden index in a receiver operating characteristics analysis revealed an SBP of 163 mm Hg and MAP of 117 mm Hg as discriminatory thresholds during the pre-recanalization phase to predict functional outcome. CONCLUSIONS In our protocol-based setting, intraprocedural pre-recanalization BP reductions during endovascular therapy were not associated with functional outcome. However, higher intraprocedural pre-recanalization SBP and MAP were associated with worse functional outcome. Prospective randomized controlled studies are needed to determine whether BP is a feasible treatment target for the modification of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dorothea Kronsteiner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Pfaff
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Schieber
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Jäger
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meinhard Kieser
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus A Möhlenbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter A Ringleb
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Bösel
- Department of Neurology, Kassel General Hospital, Kassel, Germany
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Cappellari M, Saia V, Pracucci G, Enrico F, Consoli A, Nappini S, Castellan L, Bracco S, Bergui M, Cosottini M, Vangosa AB, Vinci S, Ruggiero M, Puglielli E, Chiumarulo L, Cester G, Comelli C, Silvagni U, Morosetti D, Caldiera V, Cavasin N, Ledda V, Sanfilippo G, Saletti A, Filauri P, Gallesio I, Nuzzi NP, Amistá P, Zivelonghi C, Plebani M, Pavia M, Romano D, Biraschi F, Menozzi R, Gasparotti R, Giorgianni A, Zini A, Inzitari D, Toni D, Mangiafico S. Association of the Careggi Collateral Score with 3-month modified Rankin Scale score after thrombectomy for stroke with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. J Neurol 2021; 269:1013-1023. [PMID: 34797435 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Careggi Collateral Score (CCS) (qualitative-quantitative evaluation) was developed from a single-centre cohort as an angiographic score to describe both the extension and effectiveness of the pial collateral circulation in stroke patients with occlusion of the anterior circulation. We aimed to examine the association between CCS (quantitative evaluation) and 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score in a large multi-center cohort of patients receiving thrombectomy for stroke with occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA). METHODS We conducted a study on prospectively collected data from 1284 patients enrolled in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke. According to the extension of the retrograde reperfusion in the cortical anterior cerebral artery (ACA)-MCA territories, CCS ranges from 0 (absence of retrograde filling) to 4 (visualization of collaterals until the alar segment of the MCA). RESULTS Using CCS of 4 as reference, CCS grades were associated in the direction of unfavourable outcome on 3-month mRS shift (0 to 6); significant difference was found between CCS of 0 and CCS of 1 and between CCS of 3 and CCS of 4. CCS ≥ 3 was the optimal cut-off for predicting 3-month excellent outcome, while CCS ≥ 1 was the optimal cut-off for predicting 3-month survival. CCS of 0 and CCS < 3 were associated in the direction of unfavourable recanalization on TICI shift (0 to 3) compared with CCS ≥ 1 and CCS ≥ 3, respectively. Compared with CCS ≥ 3 as reference, CCS of 0 and CCS 1 to 2 were associated in the direction of unfavourable recanalization on TICI shift. There was no evidence of heterogeneity of effects of successful recanalization and procedure time ≤ 60 min on 3-month mRS shift across CCS categories. CONCLUSION The CCS could provide a future advantage for improving the prognosis in patients receiving thrombectomy for stroke with M1 or M1-M2 segment of the MCA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Cappellari
- Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Saia
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pracucci
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fainardi Enrico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Neuroradiologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Ospedale Universitario Careggi, Firenze, Italy
| | - Arturo Consoli
- Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France.,Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Nappini
- Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucio Castellan
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sandra Bracco
- Unit of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mauro Bergui
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette, Turin, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Vinci
- UOC Neuroradiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and of Morphologic and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Ruggiero
- Department of Neuroradiology, AUSL Romagna, M. Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglielli
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Ospedale Civile Mazzini, Teramo, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiumarulo
- UOS Neuroradiologia Interventistica, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cester
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Comelli
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Silvagni
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Daniele Morosetti
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Cavasin
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, USSL3 Serenissima, Mestre, Italy
| | - Valeria Ledda
- Vascular and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sanfilippo
- Radiologia e Neuroradiologia Diagnostica e Interventistica, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Saletti
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, University Hospital Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Filauri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Presidio Ospedaliero SS. Filippo e Nicola, Avezzano, Italy
| | - Ivan Gallesio
- Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliera "SS Antonio e Biagio e C. Arrigo", Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Pitero Amistá
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale S. Maria Misericordia, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Zivelonghi
- Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Plebani
- Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Pavia
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Romano
- UOC Neuroradiologia, AUO S. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Biraschi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Interventional Neuroradiology, Università degli Studi di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Giorgianni
- Neuroradiology Department, Ospedale di Circolo-ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Zini
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Inzitari
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Danilo Toni
- Emergency Department Stroke Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Nael K, Sakai Y, Larson J, Goldstein J, Deutsch J, Awad AJ, Pawha P, Aggarwal A, Fifi J, Deleacy R, Yaniv G, Wintermark M, Liebeskind DS, Shoirah H, Mocco J. CT Perfusion collateral index in assessment of collaterals in acute ischemic stroke with delayed presentation: Comparison to single phase CTA. J Neuroradiol 2021; 49:198-204. [PMID: 34800563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE Perfusion collateral index (PCI) has been recently defined as a promising measure of collateral status. We sought to compare collateral status assessed via CT-PCI in comparison to single-phase CTA and their relationship to outcome measures including final infarction volume, final recanalization status and functional outcome in ELVO patients. METHODS ELVO patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who had baseline CTA and CT perfusion and underwent endovascular treatment were included. Collateral status was assessed on CTA. PCI from CT perfusion was calculated in each patient and an optimal threshold to separate good vs insufficient collaterals was identified using DSA as reference. The collateral status determined by CTA and PCI were assessed against 3 measured outcomes: 1) final infarction volume; 2) final recanalization status defined by TICI scores; 3) functional outcome measured by 90-day mRS. RESULTS A total of 53 patients met inclusion criteria. Excellent recanalization defined by TICI ≥2C was achieved in 36 (68%) patients and 23 patients (43%) had good functional outcome (mRS ≤2). While having good collaterals on both CTA and CTP-PCI was associated with significantly (p<0.05) smaller final infarction volume, only good collaterals status determined by CTP-PCI was associated with achieving excellent recanalization (p = 0.001) and good functional outcome (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION CTP-based PCI outperforms CTA collateral scores in determination of excellent recanalization and good functional outcome and may be a promising imaging marker of collateral status in patients with delayed presentation of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Nael
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Yu Sakai
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jonathan Larson
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jared Goldstein
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jacob Deutsch
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ahmed J Awad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Puneet Pawha
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Johanna Fifi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Reade Deleacy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gal Yaniv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Paolo Alto, CA, 10029, USA
| | - David S Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hazem Shoirah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - J Mocco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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49
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Thon JM, Jovin TG. Imaging as a Selection Tool for Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Pathophysiologic Considerations. Neurology 2021; 97:S52-S59. [PMID: 34785604 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke represents a stroke subset associated with the highest morbidity and mortality. Multiple prospective randomized trials have shown that thrombectomy, alone or in conjunction with IV thrombolysis, is highly effective in reestablishing cerebral perfusion and improving clinical outcomes. In unselected patients and especially in patients with poor collaterals, the benefit of reperfusion therapy is exquisitely time sensitive; the earlier thrombectomy is started, the lower the likelihood of disability or death. Understanding both the pathophysiologic underpinnings and the modifying factors of this strong time-to-treatment effect demonstrated in numerous randomized clinical trials is important for implementation of intrahospital workflow measures to maximize time efficiency of thrombectomy. Reducing delays in reperfusion therapy initiation has become a priority in acute stroke care, and therefore a thorough understanding of the main systems-based factors responsible for these delays is critical. Because the time spent evaluating the patient in the emergency department, which typically includes neuroimaging studies performed in scanners remote from the angiography suite, represents the main source of delays in thrombectomy initiation, the direct to angiography (DTA) model has emerged as a means to substantially reduce treatment times and is being instituted at an increasing number of thrombectomy centers across the world. The aim of this report is to introduce DTA as an emerging stroke care paradigm for patients with suspicion of LVO stroke, review results from studies evaluating its feasibility and impact on outcomes, describe current barriers to its more widespread adoption, and propose potential solutions to overcoming these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M Thon
- From Cooper Neurological Institute and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ
| | - Tudor G Jovin
- From Cooper Neurological Institute and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ.
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50
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Saber H, Liebeskind DS. Infarct Progression in the Early and Late Phases of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurology 2021; 97:S60-S67. [PMID: 34785605 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To explore factors associated with infarct progression in the early and late phase of acute ischemic stroke in patients undergoing endovascular therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Following ischemic stroke, brain injury can progress at a variable rate, at the expense of "penumbral tissue," which is the ischemic tissue at risk of infarction. Despite dramatic advances in endovascular stroke therapies with early revascularization in more than 80% of cases, nearly half of patients do not achieve functional independence despite successful recanalization. This is largely attributed to the irreversible damage that is already extensive at the time of revascularization. SUMMARY The underlying pathophysiology and determinants of the core infarct progression are complex and multifactorial, depending on a balance between brain energy consumption and collateral perfusion supply. It is crucial to develop creative and individualized theranostics to predict infarct progression and to "freeze" the tissue at risk prior to recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Saber
- From the Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David S Liebeskind
- From the Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.
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