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Jacobsen HB, Stiles TC, Stubhaug A, Landrø NI, Hansson P. Comparing objective cognitive impairments in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:673. [PMID: 33436883 PMCID: PMC7803727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing studies on cognitive impairments in chronic pain do not investigate peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) or compare pain conditions in a satisfactory manner. Here we aimed to compare executive dysfunctions in PNP patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy controls (HC). Patients who self-reported cognitive impairments were assessed according to criteria for PNP or FM. Seventy-three patients met criteria and completed testing on executive functioning and IQ measures. We also included twenty matched healthy controls. Regression models controlling for age, sex and IQ, tested associations between group category (PNP, FM or HC) and outcomes. If a substantial association was detected, we followed up with head-to-head comparisons between PNP and FM. Multivariate regression models then tested associations between executive functioning and pain type, controlling for significant confounders. Results from head-to-head comparison between pain conditions showed significant differences on years lived with pain (FM > PNP), the use of anticonvulsants (PNP > FM) and use of analgesics (PNP > FM). When controlled for all significant differences, PNP patients had significantly lower scores on an attention-demanding cued-recall task compared to FM. Poor performance on attention-demanding cued-recall task was associated with PNP, which translate into problems with retaining fast-pace or advanced information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Børsting Jacobsen
- The Mind-Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Gaustadalleen 30, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Pain Management & Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Catosenteret Rehabilitation Center, Son, Norway.
| | - Tore C Stiles
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Audun Stubhaug
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit On Neuropathic Pain, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pain Management & Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Hansson
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit On Neuropathic Pain, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pain Management & Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Surgery, the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Venkatesan UM, Margolis SA, Tremont G, Festa EK, Heindel WC. Forward to the past: Revisiting the role of immediate recognition in the assessment of episodic memory. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 42:160-170. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1697210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth A. Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Geoffrey Tremont
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Elena K. Festa
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - William C. Heindel
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Hampstead BM, Stringer AY, Stilla RF, Sathian K. Mnemonic strategy training increases neocortical activation in healthy older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 154:27-36. [PMID: 31067489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Learning and memory deficits characterize the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), which is widely viewed as a clinical precursor to Alzheimer's type dementia. There is a growing interest in non-pharmacologic interventions, such as mnemonic strategies, for improving learning and memory in patients with aMCI as well as for maintaining functioning in healthy older adults. Using an ecologically relevant object-location association paradigm, we conducted a randomized, controlled, single-blind study in which healthy older adults and patients with aMCI were randomized to either mnemonic strategy training or a control group that was matched for stimulus exposure. We previously reported that mnemonic strategy training resulted in significantly greater learning and memory improvements compared to the matched exposure condition, in both aMCI patients and healthy controls. The current study examined changes in neocortical activation during encoding in a subset of participants who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning both before and after training. To minimize potential confounds in between-group comparisons, we employed non-linear cortex based alignment and included only correctly encoded stimuli in our analyses. When re-encoding stimuli learned during training (i.e., trained stimuli), we found a general enhancement of activation in right prefrontal and parietal regions, possibly reflecting practice-related improvement in coordinate spatial processing in all but the aMCI exposure group. Left hemisphere activation was typically only evident in the mnemonic strategy trained participants, regardless of diagnostic status, with the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex appearing especially important for strategy use. While encoding relatively novel stimuli, both mnemonic strategy groups (aMCI patients and healthy controls) demonstrated increased activation in a subset of regions showing change for the trained stimuli, indicating a mnemonic strategy-induced change in the processing of new information. These findings could not be explained by repeated exposure since there was little to no activation overlap in the respective exposure control groups. The current results reinforce the potential benefits of cognitive interventions in these growing populations and indicate that neuroplastic change in key rostral and lateral prefrontal regions mediate this behavioral change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Hampstead
- Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Neuropsychology Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
| | - Anthony Y Stringer
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Randall F Stilla
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - K Sathian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Departments of Neurology, Neural & Behavioral Sciences, and Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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