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Sheppard CE, Heaphy R, Cant MA, Marshall HH. Individual foraging specialization in group-living species. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ward AJW, Kent MIA, Webster MM. Social Recognition and Social Attraction in Group-Living Fishes. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Wilson ADM, Burns ALJ, Crosato E, Lizier J, Prokopenko M, Schaerf TM, Ward AJW. Conformity in the collective: differences in hunger affect individual and group behavior in a shoaling fish. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Animal groups are often composed of individuals that vary according to behavioral, morphological, and internal state parameters. Understanding the importance of such individual-level heterogeneity to the establishment and maintenance of coherent group responses is of fundamental interest in collective behavior. We examined the influence of hunger on the individual and collective behavior of groups of shoaling fish, x-ray tetras (Pristella maxillaris). Fish were assigned to one of two nutritional states, satiated or hungry, and then allocated to 5 treatments that represented different ratios of satiated to hungry individuals (8 hungry, 8 satiated, 4:4 hungry:satiated, 2:6 hungry:satiated, 6:2 hungry:satiated). Our data show that groups with a greater proportion of hungry fish swam faster and exhibited greater nearest neighbor distances. Within groups, however, there was no difference in the swimming speeds of hungry versus well-fed fish, suggesting that group members conform and adapt their swimming speed according to the overall composition of the group. We also found significant differences in mean group transfer entropy, suggesting stronger patterns of information flow in groups comprising all, or a majority of, hungry individuals. In contrast, we did not observe differences in polarization, a measure of group alignment, within groups across treatments. Taken together these results demonstrate that the nutritional state of animals within social groups impacts both individual and group behavior, and that members of heterogenous groups can adapt their behavior to facilitate coherent collective motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D M Wilson
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alicia L J Burns
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emanuele Crosato
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Lizier
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mikhail Prokopenko
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy M Schaerf
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashley J W Ward
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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