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Pal A, Oyane A, Nakamura M, Koga K, Nishida E, Miyaji H. Fluoride-Incorporated Apatite Coating on Collagen Sponge as a Carrier for Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1495. [PMID: 38338772 PMCID: PMC10855894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Coating layers consisting of a crystalline apatite matrix with immobilized basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can release bFGF, thereby enhancing bone regeneration depending on their bFGF content. We hypothesized that the incorporation of fluoride ions into apatite crystals would enable the tailored release of bFGF from the coating layer depending on the layer's fluoride content. In the present study, coating layers consisting of fluoride-incorporated apatite (FAp) crystals with immobilized bFGF were coated on a porous collagen sponge by a precursor-assisted biomimetic process using supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions with various fluoride concentrations. The fluoride content in the coating layer increased with the increasing fluoride concentration of the supersaturated solution. The increased fluoride content in the coating layer reduced its solubility and suppressed the burst release of bFGF from the coated sponge into a physiological salt solution. The bFGF release was caused by the partial dissolution of the coating layer and, thus, accompanied by the fluoride release. The concentrations of released bFGF and fluoride were controlled within the estimated effective ranges in enhancing bone regeneration. These findings provide useful design guidelines for the construction of a mineralized, bFGF-releasing collagen scaffold that would be beneficial for bone tissue engineering, although further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Pal
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (M.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Ayako Oyane
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (M.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Maki Nakamura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (M.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Kenji Koga
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (M.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Erika Nishida
- Section for Clinical Education, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (E.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Hirofumi Miyaji
- Section for Clinical Education, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (E.N.); (H.M.)
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Veiga A, Castro F, Rocha F, Oliveira AL. An update on hydroxyapatite/collagen composites: What is there left to say about these bioinspired materials? J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:1192-1205. [PMID: 34860461 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/collagen-based composite materials have been a constant in the development of bioinspired materials for bone tissue engineering. The most fundamental research works focus on combining HAp, due to its chemical similarity with the mineral component of bones, and collagen, which is the most abundant protein in the body. Modern studies have explored different two-dimensional (2D) and 3D structures, in order to obtain biomaterials with specific physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics that can be applied in distinct biomedical applications. However, as there is already so much work developed with these materials, it is crucial to question: what can still be done? What is the importance of current know-how for the future of bioinspired materials? In this paper we intend to review and update the available methodologies to synthesize HAp/collagen composites, along with their characteristics. In addition, the future of these materials in terms of applications and their potential as a cutting-edge technology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Veiga
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Castro
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Rocha
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
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3
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Chan WW, Yeo DCL, Tan V, Singh S, Choudhury D, Naing MW. Additive Biomanufacturing with Collagen Inks. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030066. [PMID: 32630194 PMCID: PMC7552643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is a natural polymer found abundantly in the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is easily extracted from a variety of sources and exhibits excellent biological properties such as biocompatibility and weak antigenicity. Additionally, different processes allow control of physical and chemical properties such as mechanical stiffness, viscosity and biodegradability. Moreover, various additive biomanufacturing technology has enabled layer-by-layer construction of complex structures to support biological function. Additive biomanufacturing has expanded the use of collagen biomaterial in various regenerative medicine and disease modelling application (e.g., skin, bone and cornea). Currently, regulatory hurdles in translating collagen biomaterials still remain. Additive biomanufacturing may help to overcome such hurdles commercializing collagen biomaterials and fulfill its potential for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng Wan Chan
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - David Chen Loong Yeo
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Vernice Tan
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Satnam Singh
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Deepak Choudhury
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.W.N.)
| | - May Win Naing
- Biomanufacturing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City 138668, Singapore; (W.W.C.); (D.C.L.Y.); (V.T.); (S.S.)
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-04, Innovis, Singapore City 138634, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.W.N.)
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4
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Behere I, Pardawala Z, Vaidya A, Kale V, Ingavle G. Osteogenic differentiation of an osteoblast precursor cell line using composite PCL-gelatin-nHAp electrospun nanofiber mesh. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1767619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isha Behere
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Zain Pardawala
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Ganesh Ingavle
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Li W, Yang X, Feng S, Yang S, Zeng R, Tu M. The fabrication of biomineralized fiber-aligned PLGA scaffolds and their effect on enhancing osteogenic differentiation of UCMSC cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:117. [PMID: 30027312 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The key factor of scaffold design for bone tissue engineering is to mimic the microenvironment of natural bone extracellular matrix (ECM) and guide cell osteogenic differentiation. The biomineralized fiber-aligned PLGA scaffolds (a-PLGA/CaPs) was developed in this study by mimicking the structure and composition of native bone ECM. The aligned PLGA fibers was prepared by wet spinning and then biomineralized via an alternate immersion method. Introduction of a bioceramic component CaP onto the PLGA fibers led to changes in surface roughness and hydrophilicity, which showed to modulate cell adhesion and cell morphology of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). It was found that organized actin filaments of UCMSCs cultured on both a-PLGA and a-PLGA/CaP scaffolds appeared to follow contact guidance along the aligned fibers, and those cells grown on a-PLGA/CaP scaffolds exhibited a more polarized cellular morphology. The a-PLGA/CaP scaffold with multicycles of mineralization facilitated the cell attachment on the fiber surfaces and then supported better cell adhesion and contact guidance, leading to enhancement in following proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of UCMSCs. Our results give some insights into the regulation of cell behaviors through design of ECM-mimicking structure and composition and provide an alternative wet-spun fiber-aligned scaffold with HA-mineralized layer for bone tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanbao Feng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenyu Yang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Tu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Z, Yin X, Ye Q, He W, Ge M, Zhou X, Hu J, Zou S. Periodontal regeneration with stem cells-seeded collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:121-31. [PMID: 27009932 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216637978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Re-establishing compromised periodontium to its original structure, properties and function is demanding, but also challenging, for successful orthodontic treatment. In this study, the periodontal regeneration capability of collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds, seeded with bone marrow stem cells, was investigated in a canine labial alveolar bone defect model. Bone marrow stem cells were isolated, expanded and characterized. Porous collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold were prepared. Attachment, migration, proliferation and morphology of bone marrow stem cells, co-cultured with porous collagen-hydroxyapatite or cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite, were evaluated in vitro. The periodontal regeneration capability of collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold with or without bone marrow stem cells was tested in six beagle dogs, with each dog carrying one sham-operated site as healthy control, and three labial alveolar bone defects untreated to allow natural healing, treated with bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold implant or collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold implant, respectively. Animals were euthanized at 3 and 6 months (3 animals per group) after implantation and the resected maxillary and mandibular segments were examined using micro-computed tomography scan, H&E staining, Masson's staining and histometric evaluation. Bone marrow stem cells were successfully isolated and demonstrated self-renewal and multi-potency in vitro. The porous collagen-hydroxyapatite and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite had average pore sizes of 415 ± 20 µm and 203 ± 18 µm and porosity of 69 ± 0.5% and 50 ± 0.2%, respectively. The attachment, proliferation and migration of bone marrow stem cells were satisfactory on both porous collagen-hydroxyapatite and cross-linked collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Implantation of bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite or collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold in beagle dogs with experimental periodontal defects resulted in significantly enhanced periodontal regeneration characterized by formation of new bone, periodontal ligament and cementum, compared with the untreated defects, as evidenced by histological and micro-computed tomography examinations. The prepared collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds possess favorable bio-compatibility. The bone marrow stem cells - collagen-hydroxyapatite and collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold - induced periodontal regeneration, with no aberrant events complicating the regenerative process. Further research is necessary to improve the bone marrow stem cells behavior in collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffolds after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China Chengdu Women and Chidren Central Hospital, 1617 Riyue Avenue, Qingyang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wulin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengke Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- The Number Seventeen Middle School of Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Orthodontics, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
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Sangkert S, Meesane J, Kamonmattayakul S, Chai WL. Modified silk fibroin scaffolds with collagen/decellularized pulp for bone tissue engineering in cleft palate: Morphological structures and biofunctionalities. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 58:1138-49. [PMID: 26478414 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cleft palate is a congenital malformation that generates a maxillofacial bone defect around the mouth area. The creation of performance scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in cleft palate is an issue that was proposed in this research. Because of its good biocompatibility, high stability, and non-toxicity, silk fibroin was selected as the scaffold of choice in this research. Silk fibroin scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying before immerging in a solution of collagen, decellularized pulp, and collagen/decellularized pulp. Then, the immersed scaffolds were freeze-dried. Structural organization in solution was observed by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The molecular organization of the solutions and crystal structure of the scaffolds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The weight increase of the modified scaffolds and the pore size were determined. The morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical properties were tested. Biofunctionalities were considered by seeding osteoblasts in silk fibroin scaffolds before analysis of the cell proliferation, viability, total protein assay, and histological analysis. The results demonstrated that dendrite structure of the fibrils occurred in those solutions. Molecular organization of the components in solution arranged themselves into an irregular structure. The fibrils were deposited in the pores of the modified silk fibroin scaffolds. The modified scaffolds showed a beta-sheet structure. The morphological structure affected the mechanical properties of the silk fibroin scaffolds with and without modification. Following assessment of the biofunctionalities, the modified silk fibroin scaffolds could induce cell proliferation, viability, and total protein particularly in modified silk fibroin with collagen/decellularized pulp. Furthermore, the histological analysis indicated that the cells could adhere in modified silk fibroin scaffolds. Finally, it can be deduced that modified silk fibroin scaffolds with collagen/decellularized pulp had the performance for bone tissue engineering and a promise for cleft palate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Sangkert
- Biological Materials for Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla90110, Thailand
| | - Jirut Meesane
- Biological Materials for Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla90110, Thailand.
| | - Suttatip Kamonmattayakul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla90110, Thailand
| | - Wen Lin Chai
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of General Dental Practice and Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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8
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Biodegradable Materials for Bone Repair and Tissue Engineering Applications. MATERIALS 2015; 8:5744-5794. [PMID: 28793533 PMCID: PMC5512653 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses and summarizes the recent developments and advances in the use of biodegradable materials for bone repair purposes. The choice between using degradable and non-degradable devices for orthopedic and maxillofacial applications must be carefully weighed. Traditional biodegradable devices for osteosynthesis have been successful in low or mild load bearing applications. However, continuing research and recent developments in the field of material science has resulted in development of biomaterials with improved strength and mechanical properties. For this purpose, biodegradable materials, including polymers, ceramics and magnesium alloys have attracted much attention for osteologic repair and applications. The next generation of biodegradable materials would benefit from recent knowledge gained regarding cell material interactions, with better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. The next generations of biodegradable materials for bone repair and regeneration applications require better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. Also, the mechanical properties and degradation/resorption profiles of these materials require further improvement to broaden their use and achieve better clinical results.
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Balakrishnan S, Selvam R, Sundar K, Chittibabu S, Ramamoorthy U, Kannan CBN. Studies on calcification efficacy of stingray fish skin collagen for possible use as scaffold for bone regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-014-0075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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10
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Ou X, Han Q. Molecular dynamics simulations of the mechanical properties of monoclinic hydroxyapatite. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2505. [PMID: 25352517 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic biomedical materials are of great interest in the biomedical field. One such material, hydroxyapatite (HAP), is the main inorganic substance in the hard tissue of bones and teeth in the human body. Until recently, studies of the mechanical properties of HAP by uniaxial tension testing and compression molecular dynamics (MD) simulation had remained difficult. In addition, electric charges used in such simulations alter the molecular structure of HAP. Here, we present the mechanical properties and new charges of the monoclinic form of HAP using the self-consistent charge equilibration (QEq) scheme proposed by Rappé and Goddard in 1991 (J Phys Chem 95:3358-3363), and a successful MD simulation of the uniaxially tensile and compressive properties of monoclinic HAP. Also presented is the change in potential energy in the cell and how temperature and strain rate affect the uniaxial tension and compressive properties of HAP. Additionally, we compare the mechanical properties of this substance along different directions, and some conclusions useful for further studies of the mechanical properties of HAP composite materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ou
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South Chian University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China,
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Wu L, Zhu F, Tao G. In-VitroBiocompatibility Evaluation of Collagen-Hyaluronic Acid/Bioactive Glass Nanocomposite Scaffold. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2013.829360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Abstract
The state-of-the-art of biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates that are suitable for biomedical applications is presented in this review. Since these types of biomaterials offer many significant and exciting possibilities for hard tissue regeneration, this subject belongs to a rapidly expanding area of biomedical research. Through successful combinations of the desired properties of matrix materials with those of fillers (in such systems, calcium orthophosphates might play either role), innovative bone graft biomaterials can be designed. Various types of biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates, either those already in use or being investigated for biomedical applications, are extensively discussed. Many different formulations, in terms of the material constituents, fabrication technologies, structural and bioactive properties as well as both in vitro and in vivo characteristics, have already been proposed. Among the others, the nanostructurally controlled biocomposites, those containing nanodimensional compounds, biomimetically fabricated formulations with collagen, chitin and/or gelatin as well as various functionally graded structures seem to be the most promising candidates for clinical applications. The specific advantages of using biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials based on calcium orthophosphates in the selected applications are highlighted. As the way from the laboratory to the hospital is a long one, and the prospective biomedical candidates have to meet many different necessities, this review also examines the critical issues and scientific challenges that require further research and development.
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13
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Wang G, Babadağli ME, Uludağ H. Bisphosphonate-Derivatized Liposomes to Control Drug Release from Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1025-34. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200028w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
| | - Mustafa Ege Babadağli
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
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Hamada H, Ohshima H, Ito A, Higuchi WI, Otsuka M. Effect of Geometrical Structure on the Biodegradation of a Three-Dimensionally Perforated Porous Apatite/Collagen Composite Bone Cell Scaffold. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:1228-32. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Hamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | | | - Atsuo Ito
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | - William I. Higuchi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah
| | - Makoto Otsuka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University
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15
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Otsuka M, Nakagawa H, Ito A, Higuchi WI. Effect of geometrical structure on drug release rate of a three-dimensionally perforated porous apatite/collagen composite cement. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:286-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Advanced Biomimetic Implants Based on Nanostructured Coatings Synthesized by Pulsed Laser Technologies. LASER-SURFACE INTERACTIONS FOR NEW MATERIALS PRODUCTION 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03307-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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LINDSTRÖM S, ILES A, PERSSON J, HOSSEINKHANI H, HOSSEINKHANI M, KHADEMHOSSEINI A, LINDSTRÖM H, Andersson-SVAHN H. Nanoporous Titania Coating of Microwell Chips for Stem Cell Culture and Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1299/jbse.5.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara LINDSTRÖM
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology
| | | | - Johanna PERSSON
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology
| | | | - Mohsen HOSSEINKHANI
- Kyoto University Hospital, Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Harvard-MIT, Division of Health Science and Technology
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18
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Preparation andin vivoevaluation of apatite/collagen packed composite by alternate immersion method and Newton press. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 90:566-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Keeney M, Collin E, Pandit A. Multi-Channelled Collagen–Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds: Their Physical Properties and Human Cell Response. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:265-73. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Keeney
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Estelle Collin
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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20
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2009; 44:2343-2387. [DOI: 10.1007/s10853-008-3124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
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21
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Manara S, Paolucci F, Palazzo B, Marcaccio M, Foresti E, Tosi G, Sabbatini S, Sabatino P, Altankov G, Roveri N. Electrochemically-assisted deposition of biomimetic hydroxyapatite–collagen coatings on titanium plate. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Otsuka M, Kuninaga T, Otsuka K, Higuchi WI. Effect of nanostructure on biodegradation behaviors of self-setting apatite/collagen composite cements containing vitamin K2 in rats. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2006; 79:176-84. [PMID: 16680714 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Apatite cement and collagen were combined by a mechanochemical method to create a new self-setting apatite/collagen composite cement, and menatetrenone (VK2) was loaded into a drug-delivery system to test biocompatibility in rats. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) were performed to characterize the physicochemical properties of apatite/collagen composite cements. The XRD results suggested that ground apatite/collagen cement was completely transformed into bone-like hydroxyapatite, but that without grinding was incomplete. The SEM and EPMA results suggested that ground apatite/collagen cement was homogeneously dispersed of nanoapatite crystals in collagen matrices, similar to that in natural bone. In contrast, the cement without grinding was heterogeneously distributed. To evaluate in-vivo cement density (CMM), microradiograms were measured for 72 days after implanting apatite/collagen composite cements in intramuscular tissue on the backs of rats, and cross sections of the cements and surrounding soft tissues were observed by microscope. The CMM results of the apatite/collagen composite cements suggested that the biodegradation rate was dependent on the cement quality and nanogeometrical structure. The CMM result of VK2-loaded apatite/collagen cements suggested that the biodegradation rates of the cements were significantly dependent on their formulation. The CMM of ground apatite/collagen cement increased until 7 days and then decreased, and bone-like cells penetrated deeply in the center. The microphotograph and CMM results of apatite/collagen without grinding indicated that a lot of bone-like cells penetrated into the cement and the cement shape was totally deformed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Otsuka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Shinmachi 1-1-20, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
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23
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Abstract
AbstractCollagen-phosphate composites (COL/β-TCP) are novel materials that have the potential to be used as bone analogues. The aim of our study was to develop a porous bioactive material composed of type I collagen, the main bone protein and tricalcium phosphate, the mineral phase of natural bone, and investigate their in vitro biocompatibility in a human dermal fibroblast culture system. In order to obtain the bioactive materials, type I collagen was isolated from bovine tendon and characterized by physicochemical methods. β-TCP was obtained from calcium carbonate by thermal decomposition at 900 °C temperature. The powder was examined with X-ray diffraction. Two variants of COL/β-TCP scaffolds (P1 and P2) were prepared and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Our results revealed a microporous structure with small white aggregates of β-TCP, non-homogenous scattered in the collagen framework without any preferential orientation. The biocompatibility of the obtained scaffolds was tested by biochemical and histological methods on human fibroblast cultures. Both materials acted as good subtrates for human dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration.
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24
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Nagai N, Yunoki S, Suzuki T, Sakata M, Tajima K, Munekata M. Application of cross-linked salmon atelocollagen to the scaffold of human periodontal ligament cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 97:389-94. [PMID: 16233648 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(04)70224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2004] [Accepted: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of salmon atelocollagen (SAC) to a scaffold. SAC has a low denaturation temperature and needs to be cross-linked before being used as a scaffold. In the present study, SAC was cross-linked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) or dehydrothermal treatment (DHT). The material properties (degree of cross-linking and solubility in phosphate-buffered saline) of the SAC scaffolds cross-linked by EDC (EDC-SAC) and DHT (DHT-SAC) were evaluated. It was found that EDC-SAC had a high degree of cross-linking and high stability compared with DHT-SAC. Human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells were cultured in the scaffolds for 2 weeks in vitro, and the activities (proliferation rate and alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity) of HPDL cells cultured in EDC-SAC and DHT-SAC were compared with those cultured in bovine atelocollagen (BAC) scaffolds cross-linked by EDC (EDC-BAC) and DHT (DHT-BAC), respectively. The proliferation rate of HPDL cells cultured in EDC-SAC was equivalent to that in EDC-BAC, and the ALP activity in EDC-SAC was found to be significantly higher than that in EDC-BAC. In the cross-linking by DHT, the cell proliferation rate and the ALP activity in DHT-SAC were lower than those in DHT-BAC. DHT seemed to provide insufficient cross-linking, and DHT-SAC was found to be breakable and contractile, resulting in less cell activity. In contrast, there was no difference in the thermal stability, porous structure, and cell proliferation rate between EDC-SAC and EDC-BAC. In addition, the collagen helix of EDC-SAC was found to be partially denatured, and this structure resulted in the enhancement of ALP activity of HPDL cells compared with that using EDC-BAC. In conclusion, our results indicate that EDC-SAC could be used as a scaffold for in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nagai
- Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan.
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25
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Brodie JC, Goldie E, Connel G, Merry J, Grant MH. Osteoblast interactions with calcium phosphate ceramics modified by coating with type I collagen. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005; 73:409-21. [PMID: 15892144 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Complications associated with the use of autogenous bone in the repair or replacement of tissue lost through injury or disease have driven the search for alternative sources of graft material. Bioceramics containing hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), or composites that combine the best properties of both of these materials are among the principal candidates. In this study, we have investigated the in vitro proliferation, morphology, and viability of an immortalized rat osteoblast cell line cultured on HA, TCP, and composites of the two in the ratios 75:25 (H75), 50:50 (H50), and 25:75 (H25) for 28 days. The biocompatibility of each material was examined in the presence and absence of a collagen coating. With the exception of H50, cell proliferation, quantified by carboxyfluorescein fluorescence, was enhanced by collagen coating of all materials for the first 14 days, although at later time points cell numbers were unaffected. It is notable that the collagen coating was least stable on H50, the only material not to show enhancement of cell growth on coating. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that cell growth was more extensive on coated materials over the first 7-14 days in culture, and the development of cell extensions and bridges across the pores in the materials was observed. Results indicate that collagen coating of calcium phosphate ceramics may also increase their compatibility and osseointegration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Brodie
- Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW, Scotland, United Kingdom
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26
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Schantz JT, Brandwood A, Hutmacher DW, Khor HL, Bittner K. Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells in computer designed fibrin-polymer-ceramic scaffolds manufactured by fused deposition modeling. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2005; 16:807-19. [PMID: 16167109 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-005-3584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic scaffolds offer great potentials in the development of bone analogs for tissue engineering. The studies presented in this paper focus specifically on the osteogenic potential of the novel PCL/CaP matrices and its degradation behavior. Biodegradable Polymer-ceramic Scaffolds were fabricated using the solid free form fabrication technology: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). The scaffold architecture was characterized by a honeycomb-like design and a complete interconnectivity of the pores. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded together with fibrin glue into PCL/CaP scaffolds and cultured in vitro for periods of up to eight weeks. Cellular adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were assessed in these constructs using a range of histological and microscopic techniques. In additional experiments, degradation was assessed by measuring mass loss, diameter change, molecular weight change and by scanning electron micrographs. MSCs were able to adhere, migrate, and differentiate along the osteogenic lineage with in these scaffolds. The PCL/CaP scaffolds showed up to 27 fold increased degradation of compared to PCL scaffolds.
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27
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Fan Y, Duan K, Wang R. A composite coating by electrolysis-induced collagen self-assembly and calcium phosphate mineralization. Biomaterials 2005; 26:1623-32. [PMID: 15576136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 06/15/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A composite coating that is composed of collagen protein and calcium phosphate minerals is considered to be bioactive and may enhance bone growth and fixation of metallic orthopedic implants. In this study, we have successfully developed a uniform collagen fibril/octacalcium phosphate composite coating on silicon substrate by electrolytic deposition (ELD). The coating deposition was done through applying a constant potential to the cathode in a three-electrode electrochemistry cell that contain a mild acidic (pH 4.8-5.3) aqueous solution of collagen molecules, calcium and phosphate ions. The coating process involved self-assembly of collagen fibrils and the deposition of calcium phosphate minerals as a result of cathode reaction and local pH increase. The two steps could be synchronized to form a bone-like composite at nanometer scale through proper adjustment of the solution and deposition parameters. Coating morphology, crystal structure and compositions were analyzed by optical and fluorescence microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, inductively coupled argon plasma optical emission spectrophotometry, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. Under typical deposition conditions, the cathode (Si) surface formed a thin (100 nm) layer of calcium phosphate coating, on top of which a thick (approximately 100 microm) composite layer formed. The porous composite layer consists of a collagen fibril network on which clusters of octacalcium phosphate crystals nucleate and grow. By combining photolithography and ELD, we were also able to pattern the composite coating into regular arrays of squares. Preliminary results by nanoindentation tests showed that properly prepared composite coating may have higher elastic modulus and scratch resistance than monolithic porous calcium phosphate coating. The results not only provide a novel bioactive coating for biomedical implants, but also establish a new experimental protocol for studying biomineralization mechanisms of collagen based biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Fan
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of British Columbia, # 309-6350 Stores Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
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28
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Lynn AK, Nakamura T, Patel N, Porter AE, Renouf AC, Laity PR, Best SM, Cameron RE, Shimizu Y, Bonfield W. Composition-controlled nanocomposites of apatite and collagen incorporating silicon as an osseopromotive agent. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005; 74:447-53. [PMID: 15983990 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of a novel biocomposite of apatite (Ap) and collagen incorporating low-level additions of silicon (Si) as an osseopromotive agent is detailed. Designed to mimic the structural and compositional characteristics of developing bone, this composite is produced via a coprecipitation method, through which the weight percentage of Ap (i.e., the Ap/collagen ratio) can be varied. Coprecipitates produced at Ap contents of 80 wt % (Ap/collagen=4:1), 60 wt % (Ap/collagen=3:2), and 40 wt % (Ap/collagen=2:3) Ap showed markedly different morphologies, ranging from ceramic-like particulates to rope-like macro-fibrils; at all three Ap contents, however, the nanostructural features of the composites remained qualitatively indistinguishable, with equiaxed Ap nanocrystals distributed randomly throughout a matrix of amorphous collagen. Si incorporation was observed to occur preferentially in the collagenous phase-a result with potential impact on local controlled release of Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Lynn
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 1TP, United Kingdom.
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29
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Tachibana A, Kaneko S, Tanabe T, Yamauchi K. Rapid fabrication of keratin?hydroxyapatite hybrid sponges toward osteoblast cultivation and differentiation. Biomaterials 2005; 26:297-302. [PMID: 15262471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Accepted: 02/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Wool keratin sponges were reported to be useful scaffolds for long-term and high-density cell cultivation (J. Biotechnol. 93 (2002) 165). The hybrid of the keratin sponges with calcium phosphate materials gave the additional function. Two rapid fabrication methods for calcium phosphate hybrid biomaterials were described. Firstly, the CaP-precipitated sponges were obtained by only the immersion of the carboxyl-sponges, chemically introduced with high amount of carboxyl groups on the sponges, in calcium and phosphate ions containing buffers such as PBS(+) for only 1-3 days. Neither sponge, introduced with amino or amido groups or non-treated, gave significant calcium phosphate precipitation. The carboxyl-sponges were mimics of matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein, which is responsible for osteoblast calcification. Secondly, the hydroxyapatite particle suspension was added onto carboxyl-sponges to fabricate trapped sponge. The trapped hydroxyapatite particles might interact with keratin protein of the sponge walls. Preliminary experiments measuring the expression of alkaline phosphatase, early osteoblast differentiation marker, suggested that both hybrid sponges, CaP-precipitated and trapped sponges, alter the differentiation pattern of preosteoblasts, MC3T3-E1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tachibana
- Department of Applied and Bioapplied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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30
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Su L, Berndt CC, Gross KA. Hydroxyapatite/polymer composite flame-sprayed coatings for orthopedic applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2003; 13:977-90. [PMID: 12462458 DOI: 10.1163/156856202760319135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The complex biological and mechanical requirements for implant materials in the human body generally cannot be furnished by one single material. In the present study, hydroxyapatite/polymer composite coatings with different contents of hydroxyapatite were produced using a flame spray system. This processing route is intended to obtain a coating with an optimal combination of biological and mechanical properties of these two materials for skeletal implants. The composite coatings were produced from a mechanical blend of hydroxyapatite and ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer powders, which were delivered from a fluidized bed powder feeder. Characterization of the coating surface morphology, polished coating cross-sections, and fracture surface morphology was conducted by scanning electron microscopy. The dissolution behavior of the coatings was evaluated with a calcium-specific ion meter. The stress-strain behavior was investigated by tensile testing. The biological and mechanical properties were found to be related to the volume and distribution of the hydroxyapatite in the polymer matrix. This technique provides a means of preparing hydroxyapatite/polymer coatings for application as implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Su
- Center for Thermal Spray Research, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1794-2275, USA
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