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Campana PT, Marletta A, Piovesan E, Francisco KJM, Neto FVR, Petrini L, Silva TR, Machado D, Basoli F, Oliveira ON, Licoccia S, Traversa E. Pulsatile Discharge from Polymeric Scaffolds: A Novel Method for Modulated Drug Release. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T. Campana
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (USP), Arlindo Bettio Av., 1000, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Marletta
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), João Naves de Ávila Av., 2121, Uberlândia 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Erick Piovesan
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), João Naves de Ávila Av., 2121, Uberlândia 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Kelliton J. M. Francisco
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (USP), Arlindo Bettio Av., 1000, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Francisco V. R. Neto
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), João Naves de Ávila Av., 2121, Uberlândia 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Leandro Petrini
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (USP), Arlindo Bettio Av., 1000, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago R. Silva
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (USP), Arlindo Bettio Av., 1000, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Danilo Machado
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), João Naves de Ávila Av., 2121, Uberlândia 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Francesco Basoli
- Department of Engineering, University of Rome “Campus Bio-Medico di Roma”, Alvaro del Portillo St., 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), CP 369, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Licoccia
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica St. Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Enrico Traversa
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Road, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Biomaterial-based delivery systems of nucleic acid for regenerative research and regenerative therapy. Regen Ther 2019; 11:123-130. [PMID: 31338391 PMCID: PMC6626072 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a new and promising medical method aiming at treating patients with defective or dysfunctional tissues by maintaining or enhancing the biological activity of cells. The development of biomaterial-based technologies, such as cell scaffolds and carriers for drug delivery system, are highly required to promote the regenerative research and regenerative therapy. Nucleic acids are one of the most feasible factors to efficiently modify the biological activity of cells. The effective and stable delivery of nucleic acids into cells is highly required to succeed in the modification. Biomaterials-based non-viral carriers or biological carriers, like exosomes, play an important role in the efficient delivery of nucleic acids. This review introduces the examples of regenerative research and regenerative therapy based on the delivery of nucleic acids with biomaterials technologies and emphasizes their importance to accomplish regenerative medicine. Modifying the activity of cells is important for regenerative medicine. Various nucleic acids regulate gene expression to modify the activity of cells. Intracellular delivery system is vital to the nucleic acids-based modification. Biomaterials are useful for the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids.
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Key Words
- Biomaterials
- CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
- Cas, CRISPR-associated systems
- Cell scaffold
- DDS, drug delivery system
- Drug delivery system
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- Nucleic acids
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PLGA, poly(d,l-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNAi, RNA interferince
- Regenerative research
- Regenerative therapy
- TALEN, transcription activator-like effector nuclease
- ZFN, zinc finger nucleases
- lncRNA, long non-coding RNA
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- miRNA, microRNA
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Formulation and evaluation of anise-based bioadhesive vaginal gels. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:485-495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Jo JI, Tabata Y. How controlled release technology can aid gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1689-701. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1048221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Holmes C, Daoud J, Bagnaninchi PO, Tabrizian M. Polyelectrolyte multilayer coating of 3D scaffolds enhances tissue growth and gene delivery: non-invasive and label-free assessment. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:572-80. [PMID: 24030932 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition is a versatile technique which is beginning to be be explored for inductive tissue engineering applications. Here, it is demonstrated that a polyelectrolyte multilayer film system composed of glycol-chitosan (Glyc-CHI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) can be used to coat 3D micro-fabricated polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds. In order to overcome many of the limitations associated with conventional techniques for assessing cell growth and viability within 3D scaffolds, two novel, real-time, label-free techniques are introduced: impedance monitoring and optical coherence phase microscopy. Using these methods, it is shown that LbL-coated scaffolds support in vitro cell growth and viability for a period of at least two weeks at levels higher than uncoated controls. These polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings are then further adapted for non-viral gene delivery applications via incorporation of DNA carrier lipoplexes. Scaffold-based delivery of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker gene from these coatings is successfully demonstrated in vitro, achieving a two-fold increase in transfection efficiency compared with control scaffolds. These results show the great potential of Glyc-CHI/HA polyelectrolyte multilayer films for a variety of gene delivery and inductive tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Jamal Daoud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Pierre O. Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh EH16 4SB Scotland
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
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Ribeiro M, de Moraes MA, Beppu MM, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP. The role of dialysis and freezing on structural conformation, thermal properties and morphology of silk fibroin hydrogels. BIOMATTER 2014; 4:e28536. [PMID: 24646905 PMCID: PMC4014454 DOI: 10.4161/biom.28536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Silk fibroin has been widely explored for many biomedical applications, due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of this work was to study the role of dialysis and freezing on structural conformation, thermal properties and morphology of silk fibroin hydrogels. Hydrogels were prepared after 3 and 7 days of dialysis and the effect of freezing was analyzed. For that purpose, a part of the fibroin hydrogels underwent freezing at -20 °C for 24 h, followed by lyophilization and the rest of the hydrogels were kept at 8 °C for 24 h, with further lyophilization. The fibroin hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Measurements by XRD and FTIR indicated that silk I and silk II structures were present in the fibroin hydrogels and that the secondary structure of fibroin is transformed mostly to β-sheet during the gelation process. Thermal analysis indicated that fibroin hydrogels are thermally stable with the degradation peak at around 330–340 °C. SEM micrographs showed porous structures and the fibroin hydrogels subjected to freezing presented a much larger pore size. Results indicate that the dialysis time and freezing did not alter the material crystallinity, conformation or thermal behavior; however, hydrogel microstructure was strongly affected by dialysis time and freezing, showing controlled pores size. This study provides fundamental knowledge on silk fibroin hydrogels preparation and properties and the studied hydrogels are promising to be used in the biomaterial field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ribeiro
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais; Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana A de Moraes
- Faculdade de Engenharia Química; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas, Brasil
| | - Marisa M Beppu
- Faculdade de Engenharia Química; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas, Brasil
| | - Fernando J Monteiro
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais; Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria P Ferraz
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos em Biomedicina; Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Porto, Portugal
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Vidović E, Klee D, Höcker H. Evaluation of water uptake and mechanical properties of biomedical polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Vidović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb; Marulićev trg 19; 10000; Zagreb; Croatia
| | - Doris Klee
- Rectorate at RWTH Aachen University; Templergraben 55; 52062; Aachen; Germany
| | - Hartwig Höcker
- Department of Textile and Macromolecular Chemistry; RWTH Aachen; Forckenbeckstr. 50; 52056; Aachen; Germany
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Le X, Poinern GEJ, Ali N, Berry CM, Fawcett D. Engineering a biocompatible scaffold with either micrometre or nanometre scale surface topography for promoting protein adsorption and cellular response. Int J Biomater 2013; 2013:782549. [PMID: 23533416 PMCID: PMC3600176 DOI: 10.1155/2013/782549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface topographical features on biomaterials, both at the submicrometre and nanometre scales, are known to influence the physicochemical interactions between biological processes involving proteins and cells. The nanometre-structured surface features tend to resemble the extracellular matrix, the natural environment in which cells live, communicate, and work together. It is believed that by engineering a well-defined nanometre scale surface topography, it should be possible to induce appropriate surface signals that can be used to manipulate cell function in a similar manner to the extracellular matrix. Therefore, there is a need to investigate, understand, and ultimately have the ability to produce tailor-made nanometre scale surface topographies with suitable surface chemistry to promote favourable biological interactions similar to those of the extracellular matrix. Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have produced many new nanomaterials and numerous manufacturing techniques that have the potential to significantly improve several fields such as biological sensing, cell culture technology, surgical implants, and medical devices. For these fields to progress, there is a definite need to develop a detailed understanding of the interaction between biological systems and fabricated surface structures at both the micrometre and nanometre scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Le
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Nurshahidah Ali
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Cassandra M. Berry
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Derek Fawcett
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Oh SH, Kim TH, Jang SH, Im GI, Lee JH. Hydrophilized 3D porous scaffold for effective plasmid DNA delivery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 97:441-50. [PMID: 21484988 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, hydrophilic PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffolds loaded with a pDNA/PEI-PEG complex were prepared to estimate their potential use as a polymeric matrix for pDNA delivery. The scaffold was fabricated by a novel precipitation/particulate leaching method. The prepared pDNA/PEI-PEG complex-loaded PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold exhibited a highly porous (porosity, 93-95%) and open pore structure, as well as hydrophilicity, which can provide the good environment for cell adhesion and growth. The pDNA/PEI-PEG complexes were efficiently loaded into the PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold and continuously released from the scaffolds up to ~90% of the initial loading amount over a period of 8 wk, which may lead to continuous gene transfection into human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs). From the in vitro cell culture in the scaffolds for transfection, it was observed that the pDNA/PEI-PEG complex-loaded hydrophilic PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold has a higher transfection efficiency of the pDNA/PEI-PEG complexes into hBMMSCs than the hydrophobic PLGA ones. The cell viability associated with the pDNA/PEI-PEG complexes released from the PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold was not significantly different from that of the PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold without pDNA, indicating its low cytotoxicity, probably due to the sustained release of the pDNA/PEI-PEG complex from the scaffolds. From these results, we could suggest that the pDNA/PEI-PEG complex-loaded hydrophilic PLGA/Pluronic F127 scaffold can be an effective gene delivery system for 3D tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Heang Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Hu J, Ma PX. Nano-fibrous tissue engineering scaffolds capable of growth factor delivery. Pharm Res 2011; 28:1273-81. [PMID: 21234657 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims at constructing biological substitutes to repair damaged tissues. Three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds are commonly utilized to define the 3D geometry of tissue engineering constructs and provide adequate pore space and surface to support cell attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation and neo tissue genesis. Biomimetic 3D scaffolds provide synthetic microenvironments that mimic the natural regeneration microenvironments and promote tissue regeneration process. While nano-fibrous (NF) scaffolds are constructed to mimic the architecture of NF extracellular matrix, controlled-release growth factors are incorporated to modulate the regeneration process. The present article summarizes current advances in methods to fabricate NF polymer scaffolds and the technologies to incorporate controlled growth factor delivery systems into 3D scaffolds, followed by examples of accelerated regeneration when the scaffolds with growth factor releasing capacity are applied in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, The University of Michigan, 1011 North University Ave, Room 2211, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078, USA
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Poinern GEJ, Shackleton R, Mamun SI, Fawcett D. Significance of novel bioinorganic anodic aluminum oxide nanoscaffolds for promoting cellular response. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2011; 4:11-24. [PMID: 24198483 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that can directly benefit from the many advancements in nanotechnology and nanoscience. This article reviews a novel biocompatible anodic aluminum oxide (AAO, alumina) membrane in terms of tissue engineering. Cells respond and interact with their natural environment, the extracellular matrix, and the landscape of the substrate. The interaction with the topographical features of the landscape occurs both in the micrometer and nanoscales. If all these parameters are favorable to the cell, the cell will respond in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and migration. The role of the substrate/scaffold is crucial in soliciting a favorable response from the cell. The size and type of surface feature can directly influence the response and behavior of the cell. In the case of using an AAO membrane, the surface features and porosity of the membrane can be dictated at the nanoscale during the manufacturing stage. This is achieved by using general laboratory equipment to perform a relatively straightforward electrochemical process. During this technique, changing the operational parameters of the process directly controls the nanoscale features produced. For example, the pore size, pore density, and, hence, density can be effectively controlled during the synthesis of the AAO membrane. In addition, being able to control the pore size and porosity of a biomaterial such as AAO significantly broadens its application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Lawrence BJ, Maase EL, Lin HK, Madihally SV. Multilayer composite scaffolds with mechanical properties similar to small intestinal submucosa. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:634-43. [PMID: 18314898 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Use of biodegradable scaffolds to engineer new tissues has become an attractive option in various transplantation protocols. In particular, small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has generated immense interest in various tissue engineering applications because of its diverse favorable properties. However, it is a natural matrix, which leads to problems in large-scale preparations and contains sample to sample heterogeneity. In this study, we explored the formation of synthetic matrix mimicking the characteristics of the SIS. Three-dimensional composite structures were developed by sandwiching 50:50 PLGA film between porous chitosan matrices. The outer chitosan layers provide biological activity while the inner PLGA layer provides mechanical strength. PLGA films were initially perforated at 1 cm distance, and the porous chitosan matrix was formed sequentially on each side by controlled rate freezing and lyophilization technique at -80 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a layered microarchitecture with chitosan filling the perforations of PLGA membrane. Urea permeability studies confirmed that the perforations were filled (negligible urea transfer across composite over 8 h). Tensile strength analysis showed that the matrices formed using 160 kDa PLGA had sufficient break stress ( approximately 4.5 MPa). Degradation analysis over 8 weeks in the presence of 10 mg/L lysozyme showed a 50% decrease in total weight and an 80% decrease in PLGA molecular weight. When cellular adhesion and actin distribution of mouse embryonic fibroblasts were evaluated, for 7 days, cells showed their typical spindle shape and redistribution of actin fibers on composite matrices. Viability studies and MMP-2/MMP-9 activity showed that the cells were viable and functional, similar to tissue culture plastic. Further, canine bladder smooth muscle cells also showed similar cell adhesion and spreading on the composite matrix. In summary, composite structures mimicking SIS were constructed and show potential as a tissue engineering material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Lawrence
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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Heyde M, Partridge KA, Howdle SM, Oreffo ROC, Garnett MC, Shakesheff KM. Development of a slow non-viral DNA release system from PDLLA scaffolds fabricated using a supercritical CO2 technique. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007; 98:679-93. [PMID: 17405179 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyamidoamine polymers (PAA) comprising methylene-bisacrylamide/dimethylethylene-diamine monomers were synthesized, complexed with DNA and incorporated into porous P(DL)LA scaffolds by using a supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) technique. Scaffolds were made in a dry state consequently there was a need to lyophilize the complexes. A statistically significant reduction of the transfection efficiency was observed in the absence of trehalose when compared to the original complex after freeze-drying. Increasing concentrations (0-10% w/v) of trehalose were added to the complex prior to freeze-drying. Structure dependent differences in DNA binding were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and thermal transition analysis. TEM and PCS showed aggregate formation after freeze-drying without trehalose. Scaffolds were characterized by pore sizes of 173 +/- 73 microm and a porosity of 71%. The transfection potential of the released DNA was investigated by seeding scaffolds with A549 cells and following firefly luciferase as a marker gene after 48 h exposure. Low but continuous levels of transfection were observed for PAA complexes during a 60-day study. Complexes made with Lipofectaminetrade mark gave initially higher levels of DNA release but no further expression was seen after 40 days. Uncomplexed DNA showed background levels of transfection. Culturing cells on 3D scaffolds showed a benefit in retention of transfection activity with time compared to 2D controls. Transfection levels could be increased when cells were grown in OptiMEM. This study demonstrated that PAA/DNA complexes incorporated into a P(DL)LA scaffold made by using scCO(2) processing exhibited a slow release and extended gene expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Heyde
- Division of Advanced Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, England, United Kingdom
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Bachrach G, Friedman M, Gilinski G, Steinberg D. Soluble sustained release gene delivery system. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 77:811-4. [PMID: 16575909 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of genetic substance to target cells remains an obstacle for efficient utilization of gene therapy approaches. In this study, we describe a formulation of methacrylate acid copolymer carrier of DNA, in which the release rate of the gene can be controlled by pH. Plasmid release was coupled with the polymer's dissolution, which was accelerated in alkali conditions. The released plasmid was intact and bioactive, although alteration from closed circular supercoil to relaxed conformation was observed. Confocal laser scanning microscopy detected the plasmid DNA along the central layers of the polymeric film. Gene delivery systems controlled by the dissolution of the polymeric films offer flexibility in quantity and size of the incorporated DNA, and therefore could have a potential for in vivo use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Bachrach
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, PO Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Chung HJ, Park TG. Surface engineered and drug releasing pre-fabricated scaffolds for tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59:249-62. [PMID: 17482310 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of polymeric scaffolds have been intensively studied for use as implantable and temporal devices in tissue engineering. Biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds having a highly open porous structure and good mechanical strength are needed to provide an optimal microenvironment for cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, and guidance for cellular in-growth from host tissue. A variety of natural and synthetic polymeric scaffolds can be fabricated in the form of a solid foam, nanofibrous matrix, microsphere, or hydrogel. Biodegradable porous scaffolds can be surface engineered to provide an extracellular matrix mimicking environment for better cell adhesion and tissue in-growth. Furthermore, scaffolds can be designed to release bioactive molecules, such as growth factors, DNA, or drugs, in a sustained manner to facilitate tissue regeneration. This paper reviews the current status of surface engineered and drug releasing scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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De Laporte L, Shea LD. Matrices and scaffolds for DNA delivery in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59:292-307. [PMID: 17512630 PMCID: PMC1949490 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine aims to create functional tissue replacements, typically through creating a controlled environment that promotes and directs the differentiation of stem or progenitor cells, either endogenous or transplanted. Scaffolds serve a central role in many strategies by providing the means to control the local environment. Gene delivery from the scaffold represents a versatile approach to manipulating the local environment for directing cell function. Research at the interface of biomaterials, gene therapy, and drug delivery has identified several design parameters for the vector and the biomaterial scaffold that must be satisfied. Progress has been made towards achieving gene delivery within a tissue engineering scaffold, though the design principles for the materials and vectors that produce efficient delivery require further development. Nevertheless, these advances in obtaining transgene expression with the scaffold have created opportunities to develop greater control of either delivery or expression and to identify the best practices for promoting tissue formation. Strategies to achieve controlled, localized expression within the tissue engineering scaffold will have broad application to the regeneration of many tissues, with great promise for clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Laporte
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University Chicago, IL 60611
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Shenoy DB, Amiji MM. An overview of condensing and noncondensing polymeric systems for gene delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 2007:pdb.top9. [PMID: 21357090 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONSelf-assembling synthetic vectors for DNA delivery are designed to fulfill several biological functions. They must be able to deliver their genetic payload specifically to the target tissue/cells in a site-specific manner, while protecting the genetic material from degradation by metabolic or immune pathways. Furthermore, they must exhibit minimal toxicity and be proven safe enough for therapeutic use. Ultimately, they must have the capability to express a therapeutic gene for a finite period of time in an appropriate, regulated fashion. The DNA encapsulated in these vectors may be in a condensed or noncondensed form, depending on the nature of the polymer and the technique used for formulating the vector system. The whole process presents many barriers at both tissue and cellular levels. Overcoming these hurdles is the principal objective for efficient polymer-based DNA therapeutics.
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Abstract
The use of cells as therapies for disease, repair and regeneration of tissues is one of the new challenges in modern therapeutics. To facilitate the ability to localise, condition and protect cells, biodegradable scaffolds are being developed that will improve the efficiency of these treatments. Thus, cell delivery systems, either scaffolds or capsules, play a pivotal role in the success of these techniques. This review discusses these novel approaches. The selection of scaffold materials is addressed alongside issues of biocompatibility. The current research developments in smart scaffolds, which focus on the formation of biomimetic scaffolds, new fabrication techniques capable of controlling architecture and microstructure of scaffolds, and the production of injectable and in situ crosslinked scaffolds, are outlined. Finally, the continuing challenges that will drive future research in the cell therapies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University/University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
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