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Jahshan F, Abu Ammar A, Ertracht O, Eisenbach N, Daoud A, Sela E, Atar S, Zussman E, Fichtman B, Harel A, Gruber M. Local Delivery of Mometasone Furoate from an Eluting Endotracheal Tube Reduces Airway Morbidity Following Long-Term Animal Intubation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4131-4139. [PMID: 35006827 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND upper airway complications are common sequelae of endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation, and systemic corticosteroids are considered a mainstay treatment for this problem. Drug-eluting ETT may present an attractive option for topical steroid delivery while avoiding systemic side effects and improving the therapeutic outcome. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the reduction of tube-related tracheal morbidity via a self-designed steroid-eluting ETT with controlled sustained release properties in an animal model. METHODS steroid-eluting ETTs were coated by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) -electrospun nanofibers loaded with mometasone furoate (MF) as a model drug. Animals were randomly assigned into three equal groups: non-intubated, blank-ETT, and loaded-ETT. The intubation interval was 1 week. Specimens were analyzed by histology, specific fibrosis staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS the blank-ETT group exhibited a significant increase in tracheal mucosal thickness compared to the loaded-ETT and control groups. Average tracheal mucosal thickness was 112 ± 34, 242 ± 49, and 113 ± 43 μm in the control, blank-ETT, and loaded-ETT groups, respectively. The blank-ETT group exhibited a significant increase in tracheal fibrosis compared to the loaded-ETT and control groups. Relative fibrosis values were 0.07 ± 0.05, 0.154 ± 0.1, and 0.0984 ± 0.084% for the control, blank-ETT, and loaded-ETT groups, respectively. While SEM imaging showed normal surface structures in the control group, intubated blank-ETT rats showed severe surface structural damage, whereas only mild damage was observed in the loaded-ETT group. CONCLUSIONS local sustained release of MF via a self-designed drug-eluting ETT is a potential therapeutic approach which may significantly reduce tube-related upper airway morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forsan Jahshan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Aiman Abu Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel
| | - Offir Ertracht
- Eliachar Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Netanel Eisenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Amani Daoud
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Eyal Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Shaul Atar
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Eyal Zussman
- NanoEngineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Boris Fichtman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Amnon Harel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Maayan Gruber
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel.,Eliachar Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
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OKAMOTO H, TAKASAWA S. Okamoto model for necrosis and its expansions, CD38-cyclic ADP-ribose signal system for intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization and Reg (Regenerating gene protein)-Reg receptor system for cell regeneration. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 97:423-461. [PMID: 34629354 PMCID: PMC8553518 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In pancreatic islet cell culture models and animal models, we studied the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes. The diabetogenic agents, alloxan and streptozotocin, caused DNA strand breaks, which in turn activated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase/synthetase (PARP) to deplete NAD+, thereby inhibiting islet β-cell functions such as proinsulin synthesis and ultimately leading to β-cell necrosis. Radical scavengers protected against the formation of DNA strand breaks and inhibition of proinsulin synthesis. Inhibitors of PARP prevented the NAD+ depletion, inhibition of proinsulin synthesis and β-cell death. These findings led to the proposed unifying concept for β-cell damage and its prevention (the Okamoto model). The model met one proof with PARP knockout animals and was further extended by the discovery of cyclic ADP-ribose as the second messenger for Ca2+ mobilization in glucose-induced insulin secretion and by the identification of Reg (Regenerating gene) for β-cell regeneration. Physiological and pathological events found in pancreatic β-cells have been observed in other cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi OKAMOTO
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shin TAKASAWA
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Jahshan F, Ertracht O, Eisenbach N, Daoud A, Sela E, Atar S, Abu Ammar A, Gruber M. A novel rat model for tracheal mucosal damage assessment of following long term intubation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 128:109738. [PMID: 31698244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tracheal mucosal damage is a well-known complication of endo-tracheal intubation and animal models are essential for studying the underlying cellular injury cascade. The novel rat model described here is based on retrograde intubation via tracheotomy and suture fixation of the tube. It aims to simulate the common clinical scenario of tube-related airway damage due to long term intubation. STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized control pilot study. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley were randomly assigned into two groups: control (no intubation, n = 10), one week of intubation (n = 13). The animals were then euthanized and the trachea was sent for histological analysis. Epithelial damage, mucosal thickness, mucosal gland hypertrophy and fibrosis were reviewed. RESULTS Intubation procedure survival rate was 84.6% (11/13) and 100% in the control (10/10). The damaged ciliary mechanism was a common finding in the intubated group compared to the preserved normal ciliary architecture in almost all control rats. Average tracheal mucosal thickness was 119.0 ± 21.8 μm for the control group and 254.6 ± 22.8 μm for the intubated group, (p < 0.001). The ciliary damage score was 1.00 ± 0.02 in the intubated group, and 0 ± 0.02 in the control group. (p < 0.001). The (objective) average total tracheal mucosal gland area was 19,530 ± 24,606 in the intubated group and 10,031 ± 23,461 in the control group (p < 0,05). Collagen deposition seems higher in the intubated trachea compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS We describe a novel rat-based animal model for simulating tracheal mucosal damage following long term intubation. This animal model is easy to carry out, reproducible and involves containable animal mortality rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jahshan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - O Ertracht
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - N Eisenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - A Daoud
- Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - E Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - S Atar
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - A Abu Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M Gruber
- Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
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Jahshan F, Ertracht O, Abu Ammar A, Ronen O, Srouji S, Apel-Sarid L, Eisenbach N, Atar S, Sela E, Gruber M. A novel rat model for assessment of laryngotracheal injury following transoral intubation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 113:4-10. [PMID: 30174008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laryngotracheal damage is a well-described complication of endotracheal intubation and animal models are essential for studying the underlying cellular injury cascade. This novel rat model is based on transoral intubation and aims to simulate the common clinical scenario of tube-related airway damage. METHODS Prospective randomized control pilot study. 28 male Sprague-Dawley were randomly assigned into three groups: control, 3-h' intubation and 6-h' intubation. The animals were then euthanized and their laryngotracheal complexes sent for histological analysis. Epithelial damage, mucosal thickness and mucosal gland hypertrophy were reviewed. RESULTS Total of 13 control animals and 15 intubated animals. 10 intubated animals survived the study protocol. Loss of epithelial surface architecture including damage to the microscopic ciliary mechanism was a common feature amongst all intubated animals. Average mucosal thickness of the larynx (including vocal cords and subglottic area) was 143 ± 88 μm for control rats, 315 ± 101 μm for rats intubated 3 h and 574 ± 174 μm for rats intubated 6 h .This was a statistically significant difference. Average mucosal gland hypertrophy in the laryngeal subsite was 0.41 ± 0.5 in control rats, 1.4 ± 0.5 in rats intubated 3 h and 2.0 ± 0.0 for rats intubated 6 h (statistically significant difference). There was a clear difference between three and 6 h of intubation with poorer mucosal injury parameters for longer intubation. CONCLUSIONS We describe a novel rat-based animal model for simulating airway mucosal damage following transoral intubation. This animal model is easy to carry out, reproducible and involves containable animal mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jahshan
- Translational Otolaryngology Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - O Ertracht
- Eliachar Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - A Abu Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering, Jerusalem, 9103501, Israel
| | - O Ronen
- Translational Otolaryngology Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - S Srouji
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - L Apel-Sarid
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; Department of Pathology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - N Eisenbach
- Translational Otolaryngology Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - S Atar
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - E Sela
- Translational Otolaryngology Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - M Gruber
- Translational Otolaryngology Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
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Abu Ammar A, Gruber M, Martin P, Stern O, Jahshan F, Ertracht O, Sela E, Srouji S, Zussman E. Local delivery of mometasone furoate from an eluting endotracheal tube. J Control Release 2018; 272:54-61. [PMID: 29331580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal and tracheal morbidity is a common complication of endotracheal tube (ETT)-based airway management, and manifests as local irritation, inflammation, and edema. Systemic corticosteroids are commonly administered to manage these conditions; however, their efficacy is inadequate and limited by potential severe side effects. In the present study, a steroid delivery system for local therapy was developed to generate relatively high local drug concentrations and to improve drug efficacy. ETTs were coated with electrospun poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofibers loaded with mometasone furoate (MF), creating a microscale thick layer. MF exhibited sustained release from coated ETTs over 14days in vitro. An in vivo efficacy study in rats demonstrated the therapeutic benefit of MF-coated ETTs over bare ETTs, as measured by reduced laryngeal mucosal thickness and submucosal laryngeal edema. The fiber coating remained intact during tube intubation and extubation, demonstrating good adhesion to the tubes even after 24h in aqueous solution at 37°C. These findings demonstrate the potential of drug-loaded ETTs to revolutionize the standard of care for endotracheal intubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Abu Ammar
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Maayan Gruber
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel; Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Patrick Martin
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ohad Stern
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Forsan Jahshan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Offir Ertracht
- Eliachar Research Laboratory, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Eyal Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel; Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Samer Srouji
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel; Institute of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 2210001, Israel
| | - Eyal Zussman
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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Walko TD, Di Caro V, Piganelli J, Billiar TR, Clark RSB, Aneja RK. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-sirtuin 1 functional interplay regulates LPS-mediated high mobility group box 1 secretion. Mol Med 2015; 20:612-24. [PMID: 25517228 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiological conditions that lead to the release of the prototypic damage-associated molecular pattern molecule high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) also result in activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1; now known as ADP-ribosyl transferase 1 [ARTD1]). Persistent activation of PARP1 promotes energy failure and cell death. The role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in HMGB1 release has been explored previously; however, PARP1 is a versatile enzyme and performs several other functions including cross-talk with another nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD(+)) dependent member of the Class III histone deacetylases (HDACs), sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Previously, it has been shown that the hyperacetylation of HMGB1 is a seminal event prior to its secretion, a process that also is dependent on HDACs. Therefore, in this study, we seek to determine if PARP1 inhibition alters LPS-mediated HMGB1 hyperacetylation and subsequent secretion due to its effect on SIRT1. We demonstrate in an in vitro model that LPS treatment leads to hyperacetylated HMGB1 with concomitant reduction in nuclear HDAC activity. Treatment with PARP1 inhibitors mitigates the LPS-mediated reduction in nuclear HDAC activity and decreases HMGB1 acetylation. By utilizing an NAD(+)-based mechanism, PARP1 inhibition increases the activity of SIRT1. Consequently, there is an increased nuclear retention and decreased extracellular secretion of HMGB1. We also demonstrate that PARP1 physically interacts with SIRT1. Further confirmation of this data was obtained in a murine model of sepsis, that is, administration of PJ-34, a specific PARP1 inhibitor, led to decreased serum HMGB1 concentrations in mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) as compared with untreated mice. In conclusion, our study provides new insights in understanding the molecular mechanisms of HMGB1 secretion in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Walko
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Valentina Di Caro
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jon Piganelli
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert S B Clark
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rajesh K Aneja
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Ahmad SF, Attia SM, Zoheir KM, Ashour AE, Bakheet SA. Attenuation of the progression of adjuvant-induced arthritis by 3-aminobenzamide treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 19:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Si MKH, Mitaka C, Tulafu M, Abe S, Kitagawa M, Ikeda S, Eishi Y, Kurata S, Tomita M. Inhibition of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase attenuates lung-kidney crosstalk induced by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide instillation in rats. Respir Res 2013; 14:126. [PMID: 24229378 PMCID: PMC3833186 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of lung injury that frequently occurs during pneumonia and sepsis. Lung inflammation in ARDS patients may have deleterious effects on remote organs such as the kidney. The nuclear enzyme poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enhances the nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent transcription of inflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted to elucidate two questions: first, whether the activation of PARP and NF-κB mediates the renal inflammation secondary to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung inflammation; second, whether a PARP inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), attenuates lung and kidney inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB-dependent proinflammatory cytokines. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were anesthetized, ventilated, and divided into three groups; a control group (n = 8); an LPS group (n = 12) intratracheally instilled with LPS (16 mg/kg), and an LPS + 3-AB group (n = 12) given the same dose of LPS by the same method followed by an intravenous injection of 3-AB (20 mg/kg). Hemodynamics, arterial blood gas, and the plasma levels of lactate, creatinine and potassium were measured at 0,1,2,3, and 4 h after treatment. The lung wet/dry ratio was measured at 4 h. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the lung and kidney were measured by TaqMan real-time PCR. PARP and NF-κB in the lung and kidney were histologically examined by immunostaining and assigned expression scores. Results LPS induced metabolic acidosis, hypotension, hypoxemia, increased the lung wet/dry ratio, increased the plasma levels of creatinine and potassium, and increased the cytokine mRNA expressions in the lung and kidney. All of these effects were associated with strong expression of PARP and NF-κB. Treatment with 3-AB prevented the LPS-induced metabolic acidosis and hypotension, reduced the plasma levels of lactate, creatinine and potassium, reduced the cytokine mRNA expressions, reduced the expression of PARP and NF-κB, improved pulmonary edema and oxygenation and preserved renal function. Conclusions The PARP inhibition attenuated lung-kidney crosstalk induced by intratracheal LPS instillation, partly via an inhibition of NF-κB dependent proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chieko Mitaka
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
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Hekimoglu A, Kurcer Z, Aral F, Baba F, Atessahin A, Sakin F. Effects of 3-aminobenzamide on unilateral testicular ischemia–reperfusion injury: What is the role of PARP inhibition? Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:1123-1129. [DOI: 10.1139/y10-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibition by 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) were investigated in testicular ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury, using sperm analysis and histopathological and biochemical examinations, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Male rats were divided into 3 groups: sham (n = 12), I/R (n = 12), and I/R with 3-AB (I/R–3-AB) (n = 12). The left testicular artery was occluded for 1 h, followed by 24 h (for biochemical and histopathological examinations) and 30 days (for sperm analysis) of reperfusion. 3-AB treatment intraperitoneally 10 min prior to and 1 h after reperfusion increased the I/R-induced decrease in sperm motility in both testes and reduced the increased abnormal sperm rates in the ipsilateral testis. However, 3-AB treatment failed to prevent the I/R-induced decrease in sperm concentration in both testes. SOD and CAT activities did not change in any group. GSH-Px activity and GSH levels were increased by I/R. 3-AB treatment reversed the I/R-induced increase in GSH-Px activity, similar to the level in sham rats, but did not alter GSH levels. 3-AB treatment significantly increased the I/R-induced decrease in histopathologic score. In conclusion, 3-AB treatment has potential biochemical and histopathological benefits beyond improving sperm quality and may have the potential to decrease damage from testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Askin Hekimoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Zehra Kurcer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Faruk Aral
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fusun Baba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Atessahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fatih Sakin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
- Department of Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, Bor Vocational School, Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, Selcuklu Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Okamoto H, Takasawa S. Recent advances in physiological and pathological significance of NAD+ metabolites: roles of poly(ADP-ribose) and cyclic ADP-ribose in insulin secretion and diabetogenesis. Nutr Res Rev 2009; 16:253-66. [PMID: 19087393 DOI: 10.1079/nrr200362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase/polymerase (PARP) activation causes NAD+ depletion in pancreatic beta-cells, which results in necrotic cell death. On the other hand, ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase (CD38) synthesizes cyclic ADP-ribose from NAD+, which acts as a second messenger, mobilizing intracellular Ca2+ for insulin secretion in response to glucose in beta-cells. PARP also acts as a regenerating gene (Reg) transcription factor to induce beta-cell regeneration. This provides the new concept that NAD+ metabolism can control the cellular function through gene expression. Clinically, PARP could be one of the most important therapeutic targets; PARP inhibitors prevent cell death, maintain the formation of a second messenger, cyclic ADP-ribose, to achieve cell function, and keep PARP functional as a transcription factor for cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Advanced Biological Sciences for Regeneration (Kotobiken Medical Laboratories) Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Koksel O, Yildirim C, Cinel L, Tamer L, Ozdulger A, Bastürk M, Degirmenci U, Kanik A, Cinel I. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase attenuates lung tissue damage after hind limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Pharmacol Res 2005; 51:453-62. [PMID: 15749460 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2004.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) on tissue damage in lung after hind limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), by assessing blood biochemical assay and histopathological analysis. Thirty-five adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups. After application of anaesthesia both hind limbs were occluded with tourniquets. Following ischemia period for 60 min, the tourniquets were removed allowing reperfusion for 120 min. The IR group received 0.5 ml of saline while the IR+AB group received 3-AB (10 mgkg(-1) intraperitoneally). The IR+DMSO group was given 0.5 ml 10% DMSO 30 min before the removal of the tourniquets. The control group received 0.5 ml saline and the AB group received 0.5 ml 3-AB (10 mgkg(-1)) intraperitoneally. At the end of the reperfusion period, mid-line sternotomy was performed. Blood samples were taken with cardiac puncture. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of the left lung was performed with saline. Right lung was preserved for histopathological evaluation and biochemical examination. Lung tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3-nitrotyrosine levels, myeloperoxidase and Na+/K+ ATP-ase activities, wet to dry weight ratios, and plasma and BAL fluid MDA levels were determined. Histopathological evaluation was performed, too. Hind limb IR caused significant increase in the lung tissue 3-NT to total tyrosine ratio (p = 0.014), wet to dry weight ratio (p = 0.000), MPO activity (p = 0.000), and MDA levels (p = 0.000). The animals treated with 3-AB showed a statistically significant decrease in these values (p < 0.05). Na+/K+ ATP-ase activity which was found to be decreased significantly with IR, returned to near normal levels with 3-AB treatment. Additionally, lung tissue injury in IR group characterized with moderate interstitial congestion and neutrophil infiltration, showed remarkable amelioration following 3-AB treatment. Our results strongly support the view that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) plays an important role in the inflammatory process in hind limb I/R-induced lung injury and as a PARP inhibitor, 3-AB seems to have a potential to treat this inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Koksel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mersin University, School of Medicine, 33079 Mersin, Turkey.
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Greenacre SA, Ischiropoulos H. Tyrosine nitration: localisation, quantification, consequences for protein function and signal transduction. Free Radic Res 2001; 34:541-81. [PMID: 11697033 DOI: 10.1080/10715760100300471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nitration of free tyrosine or protein tyrosine residues generates 3-nitrotyrosine the detection of which has been utilised as a footprint for the in vivo formation of peroxynitrite and other reactive nitrogen species. The detection of 3-nitrotyrosine by analytical and immunological techniques has established that tyrosine nitration occurs under physiological conditions and levels increase in most disease states. This review provides an updated, comprehensive and detailed summary of the tissue, cellular and specific protein localisation of 3-nitrotyrosine and its quantification. The potential consequences of nitration to protein function and the pathogenesis of disease are also examined together with the possible effects of protein nitration on signal transduction pathways and on the metabolism of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Greenacre
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine and Wolfson Centre for Age-related Disease, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
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