1
|
Pereira AM, Jácome C, Jacinto T, Amaral R, Pereira M, Sá-Sousa A, Couto M, Vieira-Marques P, Martinho D, Vieira A, Almeida A, Martins C, Marreiros G, Freitas A, Almeida R, Fonseca JA. Multidisciplinary Development and Initial Validation of a Clinical Knowledge Base on Chronic Respiratory Diseases for mHealth Decision Support Systems. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45364. [PMID: 38090790 PMCID: PMC10753423 DOI: 10.2196/45364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Most mobile health (mHealth) decision support systems currently available for chronic obstructive respiratory diseases (CORDs) are not supported by clinical evidence or lack clinical validation. The development of the knowledge base that will feed the clinical decision support system is a crucial step that involves the collection and systematization of clinical knowledge from relevant scientific sources and its representation in a human-understandable and computer-interpretable way. This work describes the development and initial validation of a clinical knowledge base that can be integrated into mHealth decision support systems developed for patients with CORDs. A multidisciplinary team of health care professionals with clinical experience in respiratory diseases, together with data science and IT professionals, defined a new framework that can be used in other evidence-based systems. The knowledge base development began with a thorough review of the relevant scientific sources (eg, disease guidelines) to identify the recommendations to be implemented in the decision support system based on a consensus process. Recommendations were selected according to predefined inclusion criteria: (1) applicable to individuals with CORDs or to prevent CORDs, (2) directed toward patient self-management, (3) targeting adults, and (4) within the scope of the knowledge domains and subdomains defined. Then, the selected recommendations were prioritized according to (1) a harmonized level of evidence (reconciled from different sources); (2) the scope of the source document (international was preferred); (3) the entity that issued the source document; (4) the operability of the recommendation; and (5) health care professionals' perceptions of the relevance, potential impact, and reach of the recommendation. A total of 358 recommendations were selected. Next, the variables required to trigger those recommendations were defined (n=116) and operationalized into logical rules using Boolean logical operators (n=405). Finally, the knowledge base was implemented in an intelligent individualized coaching component and pretested with an asthma use case. Initial validation of the knowledge base was conducted internally using data from a population-based observational study of individuals with or without asthma or rhinitis. External validation of the appropriateness of the recommendations with the highest priority level was conducted independently by 4 physicians. In addition, a strategy for knowledge base updates, including an easy-to-use rules editor, was defined. Using this process, based on consensus and iterative improvement, we developed and conducted preliminary validation of a clinical knowledge base for CORDs that translates disease guidelines into personalized patient recommendations. The knowledge base can be used as part of mHealth decision support systems. This process could be replicated in other clinical areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Pereira
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF-Porto, Porto, Portugal
- PaCeIT - Patient Centered Innovation and Technologies, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Jácome
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Jacinto
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF-Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Porto Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Amaral
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Porto Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariana Pereira
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF-Porto, Porto, Portugal
- PaCeIT - Patient Centered Innovation and Technologies, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- MEDIDA - Medicina, Educação, Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Avaliação, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sá-Sousa
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Couto
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF-Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Center, CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Vieira-Marques
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Martinho
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development, Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development, Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Almeida
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development, Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Constantino Martins
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development, Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Goreti Marreiros
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development, Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Freitas
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rute Almeida
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João A Fonseca
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF-Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- MEDIDA - Medicina, Educação, Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Avaliação, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bourbeau J, Echevarria C. Models of care across the continuum of exacerbations for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2021; 17:1479973119895457. [PMID: 31970998 PMCID: PMC6978821 DOI: 10.1177/1479973119895457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with
significant morbidity and mortality, and treatments require a multidisciplinary
approach to address patient needs. This review considers different models of
care across the continuum of exacerbations (1) chronic care and self-management
interventions with the action plan, (2) domiciliary care for severe exacerbation
and the impact on readmission prevention and (3) the discharge care bundle for
management beyond the acute exacerbation episode. Self-management strategies
include written action plans and coaching with patient and family support.
Self-management interventions facilitate the delivery of good care, can reduce
exacerbations associated with admission, be cost-effective and improve quality
of life. Hospitalization as a complication of exacerbation is not always
unavoidable. Domiciliary care has been proposed as a solution to replace part,
and perhaps even all, of the patient’s in-hospital stay, and to reduce hospital
bed days, readmission rates and costs; low-risk patients can be identified using
risk stratification tools. A COPD discharge bundle is another potentially
important approach that can be considered to improve the management of COPD
exacerbations complicated by hospital admission; it comprised treatments that
have demonstrated efficacy, such as smoking cessation, personalized
pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy such as pulmonary rehabilitation. COPD
bundles may also improve the transition of care from the hospital to the
community following exacerbation and may reduce readmission rates. Future models
of care should be personalized – providing patient education aiming at behaviour
changes, identifying and treating co-morbidities, and including outcomes that
measure quality of care rather than focusing only on readmission quantity within
30 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bourbeau
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlos Echevarria
- Respiratory Department, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Williams MT, Effing TW, Paquet C, Gibbs CA, Lewthwaite H, Li LSK, Phillips AC, Johnston KN. Counseling for health behavior change in people with COPD: systematic review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:2165-2178. [PMID: 28794621 PMCID: PMC5536233 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s111135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Counseling has been suggested as a promising approach for facilitating changes in health behavior. The aim of this systematic review of counseling interventions for people with COPD was to describe: 1) counseling definitions, 2) targeted health behaviors, 3) counseling techniques and 4) whether commonalities in counseling techniques were associated with improved health behaviors. Ten databases were searched for original randomized controlled trials which included adults with COPD, used the term "counseling" as a sole or component of a multifaceted intervention and were published in the previous 10 years. Data extraction, study appraisal and coding for behavior change techniques (BCTs) were completed by two independent reviewers. Data were synthesized descriptively, with meta-analysis conducted where possible. Of the 182 studies reviewed as full-text, 22 were included. A single study provided a definition for counseling. Two key behaviors were the main foci of counseling: physical activity (n=9) and smoking cessation (n=8). Six studies (27%) reported underlying models and/or theoretical frameworks. Counseling was the sole intervention in 10 studies and part of a multicomponent intervention in 12. Interventions targeting physical activity included a mean of 6.3 (±3.1) BCTs, smoking cessation 4.9 (±2.9) BCTs and other behaviors 6.5 (±3.9) BCTs. The most frequent BCTs were social support unspecified (n=22; 100%), goal setting behavior (n=11), problem-solving (n=11) and instructions on how to perform the behavior (n=10). No studies shared identical BCT profiles. Counseling had a significant positive effect for smoking cessation and positive but not significant effect for physical activity. Counseling for health behavior change was rarely defined and effectiveness varied by target behavior. Provision of specific details when reporting studies of counseling interventions (definition, BCTs, dosage) would allow clarification of the effectiveness of counseling as an approach to health behavior change in people with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie T Williams
- Health and Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia
| | - Tanja W Effing
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Repatriation General Hospital
- School of Medicine, Flinders University
| | - Catherine Paquet
- Division of Health Sciences, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research
| | | | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Health and Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia
| | - Lok Sze Katrina Li
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna C Phillips
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kylie N Johnston
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|