1
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Nieto-Alamilla G, Behan M, Hossain M, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: Gene therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:187-191. [PMID: 36088816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and often fatal lung disease that manifests in most patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) type 1. Although the pathobiology of HPS pulmonary fibrosis is unknown, several studies highlight the pathogenic roles of different cell types, including type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and immune cells. Despite the identification of the HPS1 gene and progress in understanding the pathobiology of HPS pulmonary fibrosis, specific treatment for HPS pulmonary fibrosis is not available, emphasizing the need to identify cellular and molecular targets and to develop therapeutic strategies for this devastating disease. This commentary summarizes recent advances and aims to provide insights into gene therapy for HPS pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nieto-Alamilla
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Molly Behan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mahin Hossain
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America; Undergraduate Scholarship Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America; Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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2
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AP-3-dependent targeting of flippase ATP8A1 to lamellar bodies suppresses activation of YAP in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025208118. [PMID: 33990468 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025208118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamellar bodies (LBs) are lysosome-related organelles (LROs) of surfactant-producing alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells of the distal lung epithelium. Trafficking pathways to LBs have been understudied but are likely critical to AT2 cell homeostasis given associations between genetic defects of endosome to LRO trafficking and pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky Pudlak syndrome (HPS). Our prior studies uncovered a role for AP-3, defective in HPS type 2, in trafficking Peroxiredoxin-6 to LBs. We now show that the P4-type ATPase ATP8A1 is sorted by AP-3 from early endosomes to LBs through recognition of a C-terminal dileucine-based signal. Disruption of the AP-3/ATP8A1 interaction causes ATP8A1 accumulation in early sorting and/or recycling endosomes, enhancing phosphatidylserine exposure on the cytosolic leaflet. This in turn promotes activation of Yes-activating protein, a transcriptional coactivator, augmenting cell migration and AT2 cell numbers. Together, these studies illuminate a mechanism whereby loss of AP-3-mediated trafficking contributes to a toxic gain-of-function that results in enhanced and sustained activation of a repair pathway associated with pulmonary fibrosis.
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3
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Bowman SL, Le L, Zhu Y, Harper DC, Sitaram A, Theos AC, Sviderskaya EV, Bennett DC, Raposo-Benedetti G, Owen DJ, Dennis MK, Marks MS. A BLOC-1-AP-3 super-complex sorts a cis-SNARE complex into endosome-derived tubular transport carriers. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212016. [PMID: 33886957 PMCID: PMC8077166 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane transport carriers fuse with target membranes through engagement of cognate vSNAREs and tSNAREs on each membrane. How vSNAREs are sorted into transport carriers is incompletely understood. Here we show that VAMP7, the vSNARE for fusing endosome-derived tubular transport carriers with maturing melanosomes in melanocytes, is sorted into transport carriers in complex with the tSNARE component STX13. Sorting requires either recognition of VAMP7 by the AP-3δ subunit of AP-3 or of STX13 by the pallidin subunit of BLOC-1, but not both. Consequently, melanocytes expressing both AP-3δ and pallidin variants that cannot bind their respective SNARE proteins are hypopigmented and fail to sort BLOC-1-dependent cargo, STX13, or VAMP7 into transport carriers. However, SNARE binding does not influence BLOC-1 function in generating tubular transport carriers. These data reveal a novel mechanism of vSNARE sorting by recognition of redundant sorting determinants on a SNARE complex by an AP-3-BLOC-1 super-complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna L. Bowman
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Biology, Linfield University, McMinnville, OR
| | - Linh Le
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yueyao Zhu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dawn C. Harper
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anand Sitaram
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Elena V. Sviderskaya
- Cell Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Dorothy C. Bennett
- Cell Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Graça Raposo-Benedetti
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, Compartiments de Structure et de Membrane, Paris, France
| | - David J. Owen
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Megan K. Dennis
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Biology, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY
| | - Michael S. Marks
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,Correspondence to Michael S. Marks:
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4
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Velázquez-Díaz P, Nakajima E, Sorkhdini P, Hernandez-Gutierrez A, Eberle A, Yang D, Zhou Y. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome and Lung Disease: Pathogenesis and Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:644671. [PMID: 33841163 PMCID: PMC8028140 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.644671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rare, genetic, multisystem disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), bleeding diathesis, immunodeficiency, granulomatous colitis, and pulmonary fibrosis. HPS pulmonary fibrosis (HPS-PF) occurs in 100% of patients with subtype HPS-1 and has a similar presentation to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Upon onset, individuals with HPS-PF have approximately 3 years before experiencing signs of respiratory failure and eventual death. This review aims to summarize current research on HPS along with its associated pulmonary fibrosis and its implications for the development of novel treatments. We will discuss the genetic basis of the disease, its epidemiology, and current therapeutic and clinical management strategies. We continue to review the cellular processes leading to the development of HPS-PF in alveolar epithelial cells, lymphocytes, mast cells, and fibrocytes, along with the molecular mechanisms that contribute to its pathogenesis and may be targeted in the treatment of HPS-PF. Finally, we will discuss emerging new cellular and molecular approaches for studying HPS, including lentiviral-mediated gene transfer, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), organoid and 3D-modelling, and CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Parand Sorkhdini
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | - Adam Eberle
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Dongqin Yang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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5
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Katzen J, Beers MF. Contributions of alveolar epithelial cell quality control to pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5088-5099. [PMID: 32870817 DOI: 10.1172/jci139519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell dysfunction has emerged as a central component of the pathophysiology of diffuse parenchymal diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells represent a metabolically active lung cell population important for surfactant biosynthesis and alveolar homeostasis. AT2 cells and other distal lung epithelia, like all eukaryotic cells, contain an elegant quality control network to respond to intrinsic metabolic and biosynthetic challenges imparted by mutant protein conformers, dysfunctional subcellular organelles, and dysregulated telomeres. Failed AT2 quality control components (the ubiquitin-proteasome system, unfolded protein response, macroautophagy, mitophagy, and telomere maintenance) result in diverse cellular endophenotypes and molecular signatures including ER stress, defective autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, inflammatory cell recruitment, profibrotic signaling, and altered progenitor function that ultimately converge to drive downstream fibrotic remodeling in the IPF lung. As this complex network becomes increasingly better understood, opportunities will emerge to identify targets and therapeutic strategies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Katzen
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael F Beers
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and.,Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Yokoyama T, Gochuico BR. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome pulmonary fibrosis: a rare inherited interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30:30/159/200193. [PMID: 33536261 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0193-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown aetiology with a poor prognosis. Studying genetic diseases associated with pulmonary fibrosis provides insights into the pathogenesis of the disease. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by abnormal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, manifests with oculocutaneous albinism and excessive bleeding of variable severity. Pulmonary fibrosis is highly prevalent in three out of 10 genetic types of HPS (HPS-1, HPS-2 and HPS-4). Thus, genotyping of individuals with HPS is clinically relevant. HPS-1 tends to affect Puerto Rican individuals due to a genetic founder effect. HPS pulmonary fibrosis shares some clinical features with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), including dyspnoea, cough, restrictive lung physiology and computed tomography (CT) findings of fibrosis. In contrast to IPF, HPS pulmonary fibrosis generally affects children (HPS-2) or middle-aged adults (HPS-1 or HPS-4) and may be associated with ground-glass opacification in CT scans. Histopathology of HPS pulmonary fibrosis, and not IPF, shows vacuolated hyperplastic type II cells with enlarged lamellar bodies and alveolar macrophages with lipofuscin-like deposits. Antifibrotic drugs approved as treatment for IPF are not approved for HPS pulmonary fibrosis. However, lung transplantation has been performed in patients with severe HPS pulmonary fibrosis. HPS pulmonary fibrosis serves as a model for studying fibrotic lung disease and fibrosis in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Dept of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Cuevas-Mora K, Roque W, Shaghaghi H, Gochuico BR, Rosas IO, Summer R, Romero F. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome-2 alters mitochondrial homeostasis in the alveolar epithelium of the lung. Respir Res 2021; 22:49. [PMID: 33557836 PMCID: PMC7871590 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a common cause of idiopathic interstitial lung disease in adults. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that causes a similar type of pulmonary fibrosis in younger adults, although the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this condition is not understood. METHODS We performed a detailed characterization of mitochondrial structure and function in lung tissues and alveolar epithelial cells deficient in the adaptor protein complex 3 beta 1 (Ap3b1) subunit, the gene responsible for causing subtype 2 of HPS (HPS-2). RESULTS We observed widespread changes in mitochondrial homeostasis in HPS-2 cells, including the acquisition of abnormally shaped mitochondria, with reduced number of cristae, and markedly reduced activity of the electron transport chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. We also found that mitochondrial redox imbalance and activity of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response were dysregulated in HPS-2 cells and this associated with various other changes that appeared to be compensatory to mitochondrial dysfunction. This included an increase in glycolytic activity, an upregulation in the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors and enhanced activation of the energy-conserving enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings indicate that mitochondrial function is dramatically altered in HPS-2 lung tissues, suggesting dysfunction of this organelle might be a driver of HPS lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cuevas-Mora
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care and the Center for Translational Medicine, The Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Willy Roque
- grid.430387.b0000 0004 1936 8796Department of Medicine, Rutgers – New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Hoora Shaghaghi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care and the Center for Translational Medicine, The Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- grid.280128.10000 0001 2233 9230Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ivan O. Rosas
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XPulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Ross Summer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care and the Center for Translational Medicine, The Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Freddy Romero
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XPulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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8
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Bowman SL, Bi-Karchin J, Le L, Marks MS. The road to lysosome-related organelles: Insights from Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and other rare diseases. Traffic 2020; 20:404-435. [PMID: 30945407 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) comprise a diverse group of cell type-specific, membrane-bound subcellular organelles that derive at least in part from the endolysosomal system but that have unique contents, morphologies and functions to support specific physiological roles. They include: melanosomes that provide pigment to our eyes and skin; alpha and dense granules in platelets, and lytic granules in cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, which release effectors to regulate hemostasis and immunity; and distinct classes of lamellar bodies in lung epithelial cells and keratinocytes that support lung plasticity and skin lubrication. The formation, maturation and/or secretion of subsets of LROs are dysfunctional or entirely absent in a number of hereditary syndromic disorders, including in particular the Hermansky-Pudlak syndromes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of LROs in humans and model organisms and presents our current understanding of how the products of genes that are defective in heritable diseases impact their formation, motility and ultimate secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna L Bowman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Bi-Karchin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Linh Le
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael S Marks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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9
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Huizing M, Malicdan MCV, Wang JA, Pri-Chen H, Hess RA, Fischer R, O'Brien KJ, Merideth MA, Gahl WA, Gochuico BR. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: Mutation update. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:543-580. [PMID: 31898847 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a group of 10 autosomal recessive multisystem disorders, each defined by the deficiency of a specific gene. HPS-associated genes encode components of four ubiquitously expressed protein complexes: Adaptor protein-3 (AP-3) and biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1) through -3. All individuals with HPS exhibit albinism and a bleeding diathesis; additional features occur depending on the defective protein complex. Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with AP-3 and BLOC-3 deficiency, immunodeficiency with AP-3 defects, and gastrointestinal symptoms are more prevalent and severe in BLOC-3 deficiency. Therefore, identification of the HPS subtype is valuable for prognosis, clinical management, and treatment options. The prevalence of HPS is estimated at 1-9 per 1,000,000. Here we summarize 264 reported and novel variants in 10 HPS genes and estimate that ~333 Puerto Rican HPS subjects and ~385 with other ethnicities are reported to date. We provide pathogenicity predictions for missense and splice site variants and list variants with high minor allele frequencies. Current cellular and clinical aspects of HPS are also summarized. This review can serve as a manifest for molecular diagnostics and genetic counseling aspects of HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Huizing
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May C V Malicdan
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer A Wang
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Richard A Hess
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kevin J O'Brien
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melissa A Merideth
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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10
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Moses C, Kaur P. Applications of CRISPR systems in respiratory health: Entering a new 'red pen' era in genome editing. Respirology 2019; 24:628-637. [PMID: 30883991 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, such as influenza infection, acute tracheal bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, continue to significantly impact human health. Diseases of the lung and respiratory tract are influenced by environmental conditions and socio-economic factors; however, many of these serious respiratory disorders are also rooted in genetic or epigenetic causes. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, isolated from the immune system of prokaryotes, provide a tool to manipulate gene sequences and gene expression with significant implications for respiratory research. CRISPR/Cas systems allow preclinical modelling of causal factors involved in many respiratory diseases, providing new insights into their underlying mechanisms. CRISPR can also be used to screen for genes involved in respiratory processes, development and pathology, identifying novel disease drivers or drug targets. Finally, CRISPR/Cas systems can potentially correct genetic mutations and edit epigenetic marks that contribute to respiratory disorders, providing a form of personalized medicine that could be used in conjunction with other technologies such as stem cell reprogramming and transplantation. CRISPR gene editing is a young field of research, and concerns regarding its specificity, as well as the need for efficient and safe delivery methods, need to be addressed further. However, CRISPR/Cas systems represent a significant step forward for research and therapy in respiratory health, and it is likely we will see the breakthroughs generated from this technology continue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parwinder Kaur
- Faculty of Science, School of Human Sciences and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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11
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Korogi Y, Gotoh S, Ikeo S, Yamamoto Y, Sone N, Tamai K, Konishi S, Nagasaki T, Matsumoto H, Ito I, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Date H, Hagiwara M, Asaka I, Hotta A, Mishima M, Hirai T. In Vitro Disease Modeling of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Type 2 Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Organoids. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:431-440. [PMID: 30773483 PMCID: PMC6409438 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been challenging to generate in vitro models of alveolar lung diseases, as the stable culture of alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells has been difficult. Methods of generating and expanding AT2 cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been established and are expected to be applicable to disease modeling. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of lysosome-related organelles, such as lamellar bodies (LBs), in AT2 cells. From an HPS type 2 (HPS2) patient, we established disease-specific iPSCs (HPS2-iPSCs) and their gene-corrected counterparts. By live cell imaging, the LB dynamics were visualized and altered distribution, enlargement, and impaired secretion of LBs were demonstrated in HPS2-iPSC-derived AT2 cells. These findings provide insight into the AT2 dysfunction in HPS patients and support the potential use of human iPSC-derived AT2 cells for future research on alveolar lung diseases. HPS2-iPSCs and cHPS2-iPSCs were generated from HPS2 patient fibroblasts Anti-NaPi2b antibody was useful for isolating AT2 cells from human lung and AOs The enlargement and abnormal distribution of LBs were observed in HPS2-AOs Impaired surfactant secretion was demonstrated in HPS2-AOs
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Korogi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shimpei Gotoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery for Lung Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Ikeo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sone
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koji Tamai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tadao Nagasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hisako Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Isao Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toyofumi F Chen-Yoshikawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Isao Asaka
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Michiaki Mishima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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