1
|
Gogoi D, Yu H, Casey M, Baird R, Yusuf A, Forde L, O' Brien ME, West JR, Flagg T, McElvaney NG, Eden E, Mueller C, Brantly ML, Geraghty P, Reeves EP. Monocyte NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β activation modulated by alpha-1 antitrypsin therapy in deficient individuals. Thorax 2024; 79:822-833. [PMID: 38418195 PMCID: PMC11347198 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-221071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Altered complement component 3 (C3) activation in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) has been reported. To understand the potential impact on course of inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate whether C3d, a cleavage-product of C3, triggers interleukin (IL)-1β secretion via activation of NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The objective was to explore the effect of AAT augmentation therapy in patients with AATD on the C3d/complement receptor 3 (CR3) signalling axis of monocytes and on circulating pro-inflammatory markers. METHODS Inflammatory mediators were detected in blood from patients with AATD (n=28) and patients with AATD receiving augmentation therapy (n=19). Inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion were measured in monocytes of patients with AATD, and following C3d stimulation in the presence or absence of CR3 or NLRP3 inhibitors. RESULTS C3d acting via CR3 induces NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β production, and through induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and calcium flux, triggers caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. Treatment of individuals with AATD with AAT therapy results in decreased plasma levels of C3d (3.0±1.2 µg/mL vs 1.3±0.5 µg/mL respectively, p<0.0001) and IL-1β (115.4±30 pg/mL vs 73.3±20 pg/mL, respectively, p<0.0001), with a 2.0-fold decrease in monocyte NLRP3 protein expression (p=0.0303), despite continued ER stress activation. DISCUSSION These results provide strong insight into the mechanism of complement-driven inflammation associated with AATD. Although the described variance in C3d and NLRP3 activation decreased post AAT augmentation therapy, results demonstrate persistent C3d and monocyte ER stress, with implications for new therapeutics and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debananda Gogoi
- Pulmonary Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Howard Yu
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Michelle Casey
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rory Baird
- Pulmonary Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Azeez Yusuf
- Pulmonary Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Forde
- Pulmonary Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael E O' Brien
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jesse R West
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tammy Flagg
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edward Eden
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- The Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, Horae Gene Therapy Center, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mark L Brantly
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Emer P Reeves
- Pulmonary Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen CH, Crisford H, Scott A, Sapey E, Stockley RA. A novel in vitro cell model of the proteinase/antiproteinase balance observed in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1421598. [PMID: 39015374 PMCID: PMC11250411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1421598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic condition resulting from mutations in the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protein, a major systemic antiproteinase, resulting in reduced/no release of AAT, disrupting the proteinase/antiproteinase balance. A sustained imbalance can cause structural changes to the lung parenchyma, leading to emphysema. Predicting and assessing human responses to potential therapeutic candidates from preclinical animal studies have been challenging. Our aims were to develop a more physiologically relevant in vitro model of the proteinase/antiproteinase balance and assess whether the data generated could better predict the efficacy of pharmacological candidates to inform decisions on clinical trials, together with expected biomarker responses. Methods: We developed an in vitro model assessing the proteinase/antiproteinase balance by the changes in the fibrinogen cleavage products of neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3). This allowed the assessment of physiological and pharmaceutical neutrophil serine proteinase (NSP) inhibitors to determine the putative threshold at which the maximal effect is achieved. Results: AAT significantly reduced NE and PR3 activity footprints, with the maximal reduction achieved at concentrations above 10 μM. The inhibitor MPH966 alone also significantly reduced NE footprint generation in a concentration-dependent manner, leveling out above 100 nM but had no effect on the PR3 footprint. At levels of AAT consistent with AATD, MPH966 had an additive effect, reducing the NE activity footprint more than either inhibitor alone. Conclusion: Our results support an inhibitor threshold above which the activity footprint generation appears resistant to increasing dosage. Our model can support the testing of inhibitors, confirming activity biomarkers as indicators of likely pharmaceutical efficacy, the assessment of NSP activity in the pathophysiology of emphysema, and the likely function of biological or pharmacological inhibitors in disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celine H. Chen
- Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Crisford
- Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Scott
- Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. Stockley
- Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Sleep and Lung Function, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lacey N, Teo JYQ, Baird R, Forde L, Hawkins P, McEnery T, Lee MQ, Hoo MCS, Gogoi D, Reeves EP. Augmentation Therapy Decreases Platelet-Neutrophil Aggregates in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:524-527. [PMID: 38819125 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0417le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Lacey
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Rory Baird
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Forde
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Tom McEnery
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melvin Q Lee
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Emer P Reeves
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zöller D, Haverkamp C, Makoudjou A, Sofack G, Kiefer S, Gebele D, Pfaffenlehner M, Boeker M, Binder H, Karki K, Seidemann C, Schmeck B, Greulich T, Renz H, Schild S, Seuchter SA, Tibyampansha D, Buhl R, Rohde G, Trudzinski FC, Bals R, Janciauskiene S, Stolz D, Fähndrich S. Alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency is associated with lower cardiovascular risk: an approach based on federated learning. Respir Res 2024; 25:38. [PMID: 38238846 PMCID: PMC10797985 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory multisystemic disease caused by environmental exposures and/or genetic factors. Inherited alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is one of the best recognized genetic factors increasing the risk for an early onset COPD with emphysema. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the associations between comorbidities and specific biomarkers in COPD patients with and without AATD to enable future investigations aimed, for example, at identifying risk factors or improving care. METHODS We focused on cardiovascular comorbidities, blood high sensitivity troponin (hs-troponin) and lipid profiles in COPD patients with and without AATD. We used clinical data from six German University Medical Centres of the MIRACUM (Medical Informatics Initiative in Research and Medicine) consortium. The codes for the international classification of diseases (ICD) were used for COPD as a main diagnosis and for comorbidities and blood laboratory data were obtained. Data analyses were based on the DataSHIELD framework. RESULTS Out of 112,852 visits complete information was available for 43,057 COPD patients. According to our findings, 746 patients with AATD (1.73%) showed significantly lower total blood cholesterol levels and less cardiovascular comorbidities than non-AATD COPD patients. Moreover, after adjusting for the confounder factors, such as age, gender, and nicotine abuse, we confirmed that hs-troponin is a suitable predictor of overall mortality in COPD patients. The comorbidities associated with AATD in the current study differ from other studies, which may reflect geographic and population-based differences as well as the heterogeneous characteristics of AATD. CONCLUSION The concept of MIRACUM is suitable for the analysis of a large healthcare database. This study provided evidence that COPD patients with AATD have a lower cardiovascular risk and revealed that hs-troponin is a predictor for hospital mortality in individuals with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Zöller
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Haverkamp
- Institute of Digitalization in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adeline Makoudjou
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ghislain Sofack
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Kiefer
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Denis Gebele
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Pfaffenlehner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Boeker
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics in Medicine, Medical Centre Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kapil Karki
- Data Integration Centre, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Seidemann
- Data Integration Centre, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Schmeck
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- German Centres for Lung Research (DZL) and for Infectious Disease Research (DZIF), SYNMIKRO Centre for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Timm Greulich
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- German Centres for Lung Research (DZL) and for Infectious Disease Research (DZIF), SYNMIKRO Centre for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre (UGMLC), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schild
- Medical Centre for Information and Communication Technology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne A Seuchter
- Medical Centre for Information and Communication Technology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dativa Tibyampansha
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Buhl
- Pulmonary Department, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gernot Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Clinic I, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Franziska C Trudzinski
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC-H), University of Heidelberg, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology, Critical Care Medicine, Saarland University Medical Centre, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases and BREATH German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fähndrich
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smith SGJ, Greene CM. Long Non-Coding RNA Expression in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Monocytes Pre- and Post-AAT Augmentation Therapy. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:ncrna9010006. [PMID: 36649035 PMCID: PMC9844503 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression. Their expression in alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency has not been investigated. Treatment of AAT deficiency involves infusion of plasma-purified AAT and this augmentation therapy has previously been shown to alter microRNA expression in monocytes of AAT-deficient (ZZ) individuals. Here, we assess the effect of AAT augmentation therapy on the lncRNA expression profile in ZZ monocytes. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from ZZ individuals pre (Day 0)- and post (Day 2)-AAT augmentation therapy. Arraystar lncRNA microarray profiling was performed; a total of 17,761 lncRNAs were detectable across all samples. The array identified 7509 lncRNAs with differential expression post-augmentation therapy, 3084 were increased and 4425 were decreased (fold change ≥ 2). Expression of many of these lncRNAs were similarly altered in ZZ monocytes treated ex vivo with 27.5 μM AAT for 4 h. These properties may contribute to the manifold effects of AAT augmentation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G. J. Smith
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Catherine M. Greene
- Lung Biology Group, Department of Clinical Microbiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Li W, Xu Y, Li T, Ek J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Song J, Zhu C, Wang X. Alpha1-antitrypsin protects the immature mouse brain following hypoxic-ischemic injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1137497. [PMID: 36950515 PMCID: PMC10025360 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1137497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Preterm brain injury often leads to lifelong disabilities affecting both cognitive and motor functions, and effective therapies are limited. Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), an endogenous inhibitor of serine proteinases with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and cytoprotective properties, might be beneficial in treating preterm brain injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AAT has neuroprotective effects in a mouse preterm brain injury model. Methods: Preterm brain injury was induced on postnatal day 5, and mouse pups' right common carotid arteries were cut between two ligations followed by hypoxia induction. Brain injury was evaluated through immunohistochemistry staining and magnetic resonance imaging. Fluoro-Jade B and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to investigate the neuronal cell death and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. The motor function and anxiety-like behaviors were revealed by CatWalk gait analysis and the open field test. Results: After hypoxia-ischemia (HI) insult, brain injury was alleviated by AAT treatment, and this was accompanied by reduced BBB permeability, reduced neuronal cell death and caspase-3 activation, and inhibition of microglia activation. In addition, AAT administration significantly improved HI-induced motor function deficiencies in mice. The neuroprotective effect of AAT was more pronounced in male mice. Conclusion: AAT treatment is neuroprotective against preterm brain injury in neonatal mice, and the effect is more pronounced in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wendong Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Henan Children’s Neurodevelopment Engineering Research Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Joakim Ek
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Henan Children’s Neurodevelopment Engineering Research Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juan Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Changlian Zhu Xiaoyang Wang
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Changlian Zhu Xiaoyang Wang
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li SC, Kabeer MH. Caveolae-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle (CMEV) Signaling of Polyvalent Polysaccharide Vaccination: A Host-Pathogen Interface Hypothesis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122653. [PMID: 36559147 PMCID: PMC9784826 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We published a study showing that improvement in response to splenectomy associated defective, in regards to the antibody response to Pneumovax® 23 (23-valent polysaccharides, PPSV23), can be achieved by splenocyte reinfusion. This study triggered a debate on whether and how primary and secondary immune responses occur based on humoral antibody responses to the initial vaccination and revaccination. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine sheds new light on the interpretation of our previous data. Here, we offer an opinion on the administration of the polyvalent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), which appears to be highly relevant to the primary vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its booster dose. Thus, we do not insist this is a secondary immune response but an antibody response, nonetheless, as measured through IgG titers after revaccination. However, we contend that we are not sure if these lower but present IgG levels against pneumococcal antigens are clinically protective or are equally common in all groups because of the phenomenon of "hyporesponsiveness" seen after repeated polysaccharide vaccine challenge. We review the literature and propose a new mechanism-caveolae memory extracellular vesicles (CMEVs)-by which polysaccharides mediate prolonged and sustained immune response post-vaccination. We further delineate and explain the data sets to suggest that the dual targets on both Cav-1 and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins may block the viral entrance and neutralize viral load, which minimizes the immune reaction against viral attacks and inflammatory responses. Thus, while presenting our immunological opinion, we answer queries and responses made by readers to our original statements published in our previous work and propose a hypothesis for all vaccination strategies, i.e., caveolae-mediated extracellular vesicle-mediated vaccine memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience Research, CHOC Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, 1201 West La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868-3874, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, 200 S Manchester Ave. Ste 206, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-714-509-4964
| | - Mustafa H. Kabeer
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, CHOC Children’s Hospital, 1201 West La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, 333 City Blvd. West, Suite 700, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prendecki M, Lodge KM. Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: Does Increased Neutrophil Adhesion Contribute to Lung Damage? Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:6-7. [PMID: 35522757 PMCID: PMC9273225 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0100ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prendecki
- Imperial College London, 4615, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 8946, Imperial College Renal and Transplant Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Katharine M Lodge
- Imperial College London, 4615, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|