Tissue Morphology and Gene Expression Characterisation of Transplantable Adenocarcinoma Bearing Mice Exposed to Fluorodeoxyglucose-Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles

Synthesis and morphological studies of Tc-99m-labeled lupulone-conjugated Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity on prostate cancer cell lines

The purpose of this study was to develop a multifunctional theranostic probe for imaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]) and therapy (photodynamic therapy). For this purpose, Tc-99m-labeled lupulone-conjugated Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites (^99mTc-DTPA-Fe₃O₄@TiO₂-HLP and ^99mTc-DTPA-Fe₃O₄@TiO₂-ALP nanocomposites) were synthesized. The average diameter of the nanocomposites was 171 ± 20 nm as seen on transmission electron microscopy images. Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites exhibited fluorescence spectra at an emission wavelength of 314 nm. Lupulone-conjugated Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites were spherical-shaped with a suitable dispersion and without visible aggregation, and their radiolabeling yields were over 85%. Healthy (RWPE-1 normal human prostate epithelial cell line) and cancer prostate cell lines (PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line) were used to determine the in vitro biological behavior of the nanocomposites. The PC-3 cells treated with lupulone-conjugated Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites showed a lower cell viability compared with RWPE-1 cells treated with lupulone-conjugated Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites. Lupulone-modified Fe₃O₄@TiO₂ nanocomposites may serve in the future as a multifunctional probe for positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI, photodynamic therapy, and hyperthermia therapy of cancer.

Toxicity testing of indocyanine green and fluorodeoxyglucose conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with and without exposure to a magnetic field

Iron nanoparticles (MNPs) are known to induce membrane damage and apoptosis of cancer cells. In our study we determined whether FDG coupled with iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles can exert the same destructive effect on cancer cells. This research study presents data involving NIC-H727 human lung, bronchus epithelial cells exposed to conjugated fluorodeoxyglucose conjugated with iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles and indocyanine green (ICG) dye (FDG-MNP-ICG), with and without the application of a magnetic field. Cell viability inferred from MTT assay revealed that FDG-MNPs had no significant toxicity towards noncancerous NIC-H727 human lung, bronchus epithelial cells. However, percentage cell death was much higher using a magnetic field, for the concentration of FDG-MNP-ICC used in our experiments. Magnetic field was able to destroy cells containing MNPs, while MNPs alone had significantly lower effects. Additionally, MNPs alone in these low concentrations had less adverse effects on healthy (non-target) cells.