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Sivanesan I, Gopal J, Muthu M, Shin J, Oh JW. Reviewing Chitin/Chitosan Nanofibers and Associated Nanocomposites and Their Attained Medical Milestones. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2330. [PMID: 34301087 PMCID: PMC8309474 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin/chitosan research is an expanding field with wide scope within polymer research. This topic is highly inviting as chitin/chitosan's are natural biopolymers that can be recovered from food waste and hold high potentials for medical applications. This review gives a brief overview of the chitin/chitosan based nanomaterials, their preparation methods and their biomedical applications. Chitin nanofibers and Chitosan nanofibers have been reviewed, their fabrication methods presented and their biomedical applications summarized. The chitin/chitosan based nanocomposites have also been discussed. Chitin and chitosan nanofibers and their binary and ternary composites are represented by scattered superficial reports. Delving deep into synergistic approaches, bringing up novel chitin/chitosan nanocomposites, could help diligently deliver medical expectations. This review highlights such lacunae and further lapses in chitin related inputs towards medical applications. The grey areas and future outlook for aligning chitin/chitosan nanofiber research are outlined as research directions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea;
| | - Judy Gopal
- Laboratory of Neo Natural Farming, Chunnampet 603 401, Tamil Nadu, India; (J.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Laboratory of Neo Natural Farming, Chunnampet 603 401, Tamil Nadu, India; (J.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Juhyun Shin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea;
| | - Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea;
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Bian N, Yang X, Zhang X, Zhang F, Hou Q, Pei J. A complex of oxidised chitosan and silver ions grafted to cotton fibres with bacteriostatic properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117714. [PMID: 33838789 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The laccase/TEMPO system was employed to oxidise the C6 primary hydroxyl group on the chitosan (CS) to form a carboxyl group to obtain oxidised chitosan (C-COS). The silver-oxidised chitosan complex(C-COS-Ag) was prepared by reacting C-COS with silver nitrate, then C-COS-Ag and cotton fibres were subjected to a reaction to prepare bacteriostatic fibres. FT-IR and XPS analysis showed that: Ag+ and C-COS were combined in these forms: Ag, [Ag(NH3)2] OH, -COOAg, and Ag2O. C-COS-Ag was combined with cotton fibres by way of ester bonds. The inhibition zone of bacteriostatic fibres was all greater than 11 mm. After 50 washing tests, the bacteriostatic effect of bacteriostatic fibres remained at above 99 %. The amount of silver ions that had migrated from the bacteriostatic fibre was 3.336 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyuan Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fangdong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Qingxi Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jicheng Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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Wang L, Ezazi NZ, Liu L, Ajdary R, Xiang W, Borghei M, Santos HA, Rojas OJ. Microfibers synthesized by wet-spinning of chitin nanomaterials: mechanical, structural and cell proliferation properties. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29450-29459. [PMID: 35521134 PMCID: PMC9059162 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06178f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Partially deacetylated chitin nanofibers (ChNF) were isolated from shell residues derived from crab biomass and used to prepare hydrogels, which were easily transformed into continuous microfibers by wet-spinning. We investigated the effect of ChNF solid content, extrusion rate and coagulant type, which included organic (acetone) and alkaline (NaOH and ammonia) solutions, on wet spinning. The properties of the microfibers and associated phenomena were assessed by tensile strength, quartz crystal microgravimetry, dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), thermogravimetric analysis and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The as-spun microfibers (14 GPa stiffness) comprised hierarchical structures with fibrils aligned in the lateral direction. The microfibers exhibited a remarkable water sorption capacity (up to 22 g g−1), while being stable in the wet state (50% of dry strength), which warrants consideration as biobased absorbent systems. In addition, according to cell proliferation and viability of rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 and mouse bone osteoblast K7M2, the wet-spun ChNF microfibers showed excellent results and can be considered as fully safe for biomedical uses, such as in sutures, wound healing patches and cell culturing. Chitin nanomaterials are wet-spun into microfibers that are biocompatible and show promise for their cell viability and proliferation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems
- Aalto University
- 00076 Aalto
- Finland
| | - Nazanin Zanjanizadeh Ezazi
- Drug Research Program
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Helsinki
- Helsinki
| | - Liang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Rubina Ajdary
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems
- Aalto University
- 00076 Aalto
- Finland
| | - Wenchao Xiang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems
- Aalto University
- 00076 Aalto
- Finland
| | - Maryam Borghei
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems
- Aalto University
- 00076 Aalto
- Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Helsinki
- Helsinki
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems
- Aalto University
- 00076 Aalto
- Finland
- Bioproducts Institute
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Qiao J, Jiang Z, Liang X, Yang Y, Liu W, Han B. Biomechanical properties and healing effects of chitin patch in a rat full‐thickness abdominal wall defect model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1349-1357. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiao
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Xuyue Liang
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Wanshun Liu
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Baoqin Han
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of China, Yushan Road 5266003Qingdao P. R. China
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Azuma K, Izumi R, Kawata M, Nagae T, Osaki T, Murahata Y, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, Ito N, Okamoto Y, Morimoto M, Izawa H, Saimoto H, Ifuku S. Effects of Oral Administration of Chitin Nanofiber on Plasma Metabolites and Gut Microorganisms. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:21931-49. [PMID: 26378523 PMCID: PMC4613289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160921931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of oral administration of chitin nanofibers (CNFs) and surface-deacetylated (SDA) CNFs on plasma metabolites using metabolome analysis. Furthermore, we determined the changes in gut microbiota and fecal organic acid concentrations following oral administrations of CNFs and SDACNFs. Healthy female mice (six-week-old) were fed a normal diet and administered tap water with 0.1% (v/v) CNFs or SDACNFs for 28 days. Oral administration of CNFs increased plasma levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Oral administration of SDACNFs affected the metabolisms of acyl-carnitines and fatty acids. The fecal organic level analysis indicated that oral administration of CNFs stimulated and activated the functions of microbiota. These results indicate that oral administration of CNFs increases plasma levels of ATP and 5-HT via activation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Azuma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Ryotaro Izumi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Mari Kawata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Tomone Nagae
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan.
| | - Minoru Morimoto
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
| | - Hironori Izawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
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Preparation of chitosan nanofibers from completely deacetylated chitosan powder by a downsizing process. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 72:1191-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ifuku S. Chitin and chitosan nanofibers: preparation and chemical modifications. Molecules 2014; 19:18367-80. [PMID: 25393598 PMCID: PMC6271128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin nanofibers are prepared from the exoskeletons of crabs and prawns, squid pens and mushrooms by a simple mechanical treatment after a series of purification steps. The nanofibers have fine nanofiber networks with a uniform width of approximately 10 nm. The method used for chitin-nanofiber isolation is also successfully applied to the cell walls of mushrooms. Commercial chitin and chitosan powders are also easily converted into nanofibers by mechanical treatment, since these powders consist of nanofiber aggregates. Grinders and high-pressure waterjet systems are effective for disintegrating chitin into nanofibers. Acidic conditions are the key factor to facilitate mechanical fibrillation. Surface modification is an effective way to change the surface property and to endow nanofiber surface with other properties. Several modifications to the chitin NF surface are achieved, including acetylation, deacetylation, phthaloylation, naphthaloylation, maleylation, chlorination, TEMPO-mediated oxidation, and graft polymerization. Those derivatives and their properties are characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Ifuku
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
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