1
|
Marathe D, Bhuvanashree VS, Mehta CH, T. A, Nayak UY. Low-Frequency Sonophoresis: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:1247450. [PMID: 38938593 PMCID: PMC11208788 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1247450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sonophoresis is the most approachable mode of transdermal drug delivery system, wherein low-frequency sonophoresis penetrates the drug molecules into the skin. It is an alternative method for an oral system of drug delivery and hypodermal injections. The cavitation effect is thought to be the main mechanism used in sonophoresis. The cavitation process involves forming a gaseous bubble and its rupture, induced in the coupled medium. Other mechanisms used are thermal effects, convectional effects, and mechanical effects. It mainly applies to transporting hydrophilic drugs, macromolecules, gene delivery, and vaccine delivery. It is also used in carrier-mediated delivery in the form of micelles, liposomes, and dendrimers. Some synergistic effects of sonophoresis, along with some permeation enhancers, such as chemical enhancers, iontophoresis, electroporation, and microneedles, increased the effectiveness of drug penetration. Sonophoresis-mediated ocular drug delivery, nail drug delivery, gene delivery to the brain, sports medicine, and sonothrombolysis are also widely used. In conclusion, while sonophoresis offers promising applications in diverse fields, further research is essential to comprehensively elucidate the biophysical mechanisms governing ultrasound-tissue interactions. Addressing these gaps in understanding will enable the refinement and optimization of sonophoresis-based therapeutic strategies for enhanced clinical efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Marathe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Vasudeva Sampriya Bhuvanashree
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Ashwini T.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abuwatfa WH, Awad NS, Pitt WG, Husseini GA. Thermosensitive Polymers and Thermo-Responsive Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050925. [PMID: 35267747 PMCID: PMC8912701 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature excursions within a biological milieu can be effectively used to induce drug release from thermosensitive drug-encapsulating nanoparticles. Oncological hyperthermia is of particular interest, as it is proven to synergistically act to arrest tumor growth when combined with optimally-designed smart drug delivery systems (DDSs). Thermoresponsive DDSs aid in making the drugs more bioavailable, enhance the therapeutic index and pharmacokinetic trends, and provide the spatial placement and temporal delivery of the drug into localized anatomical sites. This paper reviews the fundamentals of thermosensitive polymers, with a particular focus on thermoresponsive liposomal-based drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waad H. Abuwatfa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nahid S. Awad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.)
| | - William G. Pitt
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-6-515-2970
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pasupathy R, Pandian P, Selvamuthukumar S. Nanobubbles: A Novel Targeted Drug Delivery System. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
4
|
Mukhopadhyay D, Sano C, AlSawaftah N, El-Awady R, Husseini GA, Paul V. Ultrasound-Mediated Cancer Therapeutics Delivery using Micelles and Liposomes: A Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 16:498-520. [PMID: 34911412 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210706155110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing cancer treatment methods have many undesirable side effects that greatly reduce the quality of life of cancer patients. OBJECTIVE This review will focus on the use of ultrasound-responsive liposomes and polymeric micelles in cancer therapy. METHODS This review presents a survey of the literature regarding ultrasound-triggered micelles and liposomes using articles recently published in various journals, as well as some new patents in this field. RESULTS Nanoparticles have proven promising as cancer theranostic tools. Nanoparticles are selective in nature, have reduced toxicity, and controllable drug release patterns making them ideal carriers for anticancer drugs. Numerous nanocarriers have been designed to combat malignancies, including liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, solid nanoparticles, quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and, more recently, metal-organic frameworks. The temporal and spatial release of therapeutic agents from these nanostructures can be controlled using internal and external triggers, including pH, enzymes, redox, temperature, magnetic and electromagnetic waves, and ultrasound. Ultrasound is an attractive modality because it is non-invasive, can be focused on the diseased site, and has a synergistic effect with anticancer drugs. CONCLUSION The functionalization of micellar and liposomal surfaces with targeting moieties and the use of ultrasound as a triggering mechanism can help improve the selectivity and enable the spatiotemporal control of drug release from nanocarriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Catherine Sano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Nour AlSawaftah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vinod Paul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aresteanu RNS, Borodetsky A, Azhari H, Weitz IS. Ultrasound-induced and MRI-monitored CuO nanoparticles release from micelle encapsulation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:055705. [PMID: 33059339 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc1a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Moreover, they have a contrast enhancing effect in both MRI and ultrasound. Nonetheless, encapsulation is needed to control their toxic side effects and a mechanism for release on demand is required. A methodology is introduced herein for encapsulating and releasing CuO NPs from micelles by ultrasound induced hyperthermia and monitoring the process by MRI. For this aim, CuO NPs loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA) micelles were prepared. Then, the profile of copper release with application of ultrasound was examined as a function of time and temperature using a colorimetric method. Finally, T1 weighted MRI images of suspensions and ex vivo poultry liver samples containing the CuO NPs loaded micelles were acquired before and after ultrasound application. The results confirmed that: (i) encapsulated NPs are detectible by MRI T1 mapping, depicting substantial T1 shortening from 1872 ± 62 ms to 683 ± 20 ms. (ii) Ultrasonic hyperthermia stimulated the NPs release with an about threefold increase compared to non-treated samples. (iii) Releasing effect was clearly visible by T1-weighted imaging (mean signal increase ratio of 2.29). These findings can potentially lead to the development of a new noninvasive methodology for CuO NPs based theranostic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haim Azhari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
| | - Iris S Weitz
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huda S, Alam MA, Sharma PK. Smart nanocarriers-based drug delivery for cancer therapy: An innovative and developing strategy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
7
|
Li L, Guan Y, Xiong H, Deng T, Ji Q, Xu Z, Kang Y, Pang J. Fundamentals and applications of nanoparticles for ultrasound‐based imaging and therapy. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Li
- Department of Urology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Yupeng Guan
- Department of Urology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Haiyun Xiong
- Department of Urology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Tian Deng
- Department of Stomatology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Qiao Ji
- Department of Ultrasound The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Zuofeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Yang Kang
- Department of Urology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518107 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Visentin S, Sedić M, Pavelić SK, Pavelić K. Targeting Tumour Metastasis: The Emerging Role of Nanotechnology. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1367-1381. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181220095343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The metastatic process has still not been completely elucidated, probably due to insufficient knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we provide an overview of the current findings that shed light on specific molecular alterations associated with metastasis and present novel concepts in the treatment of the metastatic process. In particular, we discuss novel pharmacological approaches in the clinical setting that target metastatic progression. New insights into the process of metastasis allow optimisation and design of new treatment strategies, especially in view of the fact that metastatic cells share common features with stem cells. Nano- and micro-technologies are herein elaborated in details as a promising therapeutic concept in targeted drug delivery for metastatic cancer. Progression in the field could provide a more efficient way to tackle metastasis and thus bring about advancements in the treatment and management of patients with advanced cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Visentin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Centre for High-Throughput Technologies, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mirela Sedić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Centre for High-Throughput Technologies, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Centre for High-Throughput Technologies, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Pavelić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebacka 30, 52 100 Pula, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cai X, Jiang Y, Lin M, Zhang J, Guo H, Yang F, Leung W, Xu C. Ultrasound-Responsive Materials for Drug/Gene Delivery. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1650. [PMID: 32082157 PMCID: PMC7005489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound is one of the most commonly used methods in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases due to its safety, deep penetration into tissue, and non-invasive nature. In the drug/gene delivery systems, ultrasound shows many advantages in terms of site-specific delivery and spatial release control of drugs/genes and attracts increasing attention. Microbubbles are the most well-known ultrasound-responsive delivery materials. Recently, nanobubbles, droplets, micelles, and nanoliposomes have been developed as novel carriers in this field. Herein, we review advances of novel ultrasound-responsive materials (nanobubbles, droplets, micelles and nanoliposomes) and discuss the challenges of ultrasound-responsive materials in delivery systems to boost the development of ultrasound-responsive materials as delivery carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanhuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanwen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wingnang Leung
- Asia-Pacific Institute of Aging Studies, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kalyane D, Raval N, Maheshwari R, Tambe V, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Employment of enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR): Nanoparticle-based precision tools for targeting of therapeutic and diagnostic agent in cancer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:1252-1276. [PMID: 30813007 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In tumorous tissues, the absence of vasculature supportive tissues intimates the formation of leaky vessels and pores (100 nm to 2 μm in diameter) and the poor lymphatic system offers great opportunity to treat cancer and the phenomenon is known as Enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The trends in treating cancer by making use of EPR effect is increasing day by day and generate multitudes of possibility to design novel anticancer therapeutics. This review aimed to present various factors affecting the EPR effect along with important things to know about EPR effect such as tumor perfusion, lymphatic function, interstitial penetration, vascular permeability, nanoparticle retention etc. This manuscript expounds the current advances and cross-talks the developments made in the of EPR effect-based therapeutics in cancer therapy along with a transactional view of its current clinical and industrial aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Nidhi Raval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vishakha Tambe
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Palaj, Opposite Air Force Station, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Salkho NM, Paul V, Kawak P, Vitor RF, Martins AM, Al Sayah M, Husseini GA. Ultrasonically controlled estrone-modified liposomes for estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:462-472. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1459634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Najla M. Salkho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vinod Paul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pierre Kawak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rute F. Vitor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ana M. Martins
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Al Sayah
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang Q, Nanayakkara GK, Drummer C, Sun Y, Johnson C, Cueto R, Fu H, Shao Y, Wang L, Yang WY, Tang P, Liu LW, Ge S, Zhou XD, Khan M, Wang H, Yang X. Low-Intensity Ultrasound-Induced Anti-inflammatory Effects Are Mediated by Several New Mechanisms Including Gene Induction, Immunosuppressor Cell Promotion, and Enhancement of Exosome Biogenesis and Docking. Front Physiol 2017; 8:818. [PMID: 29109687 PMCID: PMC5660123 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) was shown to be beneficial in mitigating inflammation and facilitating tissue repair in various pathologies. Determination of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of LIUS allows to optimize this technique as a therapy for the treatment of malignancies and aseptic inflammatory disorders. Methods: We conducted cutting-edge database mining approaches to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanisms exerted by LIUS. Results: Our data revealed following interesting findings: (1) LIUS anti-inflammatory effects are mediated by upregulating anti-inflammatory gene expression; (2) LIUS induces the upregulation of the markers and master regulators of immunosuppressor cells including MDSCs (myeloid-derived suppressor cells), MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells), B1-B cells and Treg (regulatory T cells); (3) LIUS not only can be used as a therapeutic approach to deliver drugs packed in various structures such as nanobeads, nanospheres, polymer microspheres, and lipidosomes, but also can make use of natural membrane vesicles as small as exosomes derived from immunosuppressor cells as a novel mechanism to fulfill its anti-inflammatory effects; (4) LIUS upregulates the expression of extracellular vesicle/exosome biogenesis mediators and docking mediators; (5) Exosome-carried anti-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory microRNAs inhibit inflammation of target cells via multiple shared and specific pathways, suggesting exosome-mediated anti-inflammatory effect of LIUS feasible; and (6) LIUS-mediated physical effects on tissues may activate specific cellular sensors that activate downstream transcription factors and signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our results have provided novel insights into the mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory effects of LIUS, and have provided guidance for the development of future novel therapeutic LIUS for cancers, inflammatory disorders, tissue regeneration and tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital and Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gayani K Nanayakkara
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles Drummer
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yu Sun
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Candice Johnson
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hangfei Fu
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Shao
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Luqiao Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - William Y Yang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Charity Hospital of China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Wen Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital and Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuping Ge
- Heart Center, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, NJ, United States
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital and Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zardad AZ, Choonara YE, Du Toit LC, Kumar P, Mabrouk M, Kondiah PPD, Pillay V. A Review of Thermo- and Ultrasound-Responsive Polymeric Systems for Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E359. [PMID: 30974645 PMCID: PMC6431863 DOI: 10.3390/polym8100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an exponential increase in research into the development of thermal- and ultrasound-activated delivery systems for cancer therapy. The majority of researchers employ polymer technology that responds to environmental stimuli some of which are physiologically induced such as temperature, pH, as well as electrical impulses, which are considered as internal stimuli. External stimuli include ultrasound, light, laser, and magnetic induction. Biodegradable polymers may possess thermoresponsive and/or ultrasound-responsive properties that can complement cancer therapy through sonoporation and hyperthermia by means of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU). Thermoresponsive and other stimuli-responsive polymers employed in drug delivery systems can be activated via ultrasound stimulation. Polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide co-block or triblock polymers and polymethacrylates are thermal- and pH-responsive polymer groups, respectively but both have proven to have successful activity and contribution in chemotherapy when exposed to ultrasound stimulation. This review focused on collating thermal- and ultrasound-responsive delivery systems, and combined thermo-ultrasonic responsive systems; and elaborating on the advantages, as well as shortcomings, of these systems in cancer chemotherapy. The mechanisms of these systems are explicated through their physical alteration when exposed to the corresponding stimuli. The properties they possess and the modifications that enhance the mechanism of chemotherapeutic drug delivery from systems are discussed, and the concept of pseudo-ultrasound responsive systems is introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Az-Zamakhshariy Zardad
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Yahya Essop Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Lisa Claire Du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza P.O. 12622, Egypt.
| | - Pierre Pavan Demarco Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Biswas S, Kumari P, Lakhani PM, Ghosh B. Recent advances in polymeric micelles for anti-cancer drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 83:184-202. [PMID: 26747018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Block co-polymeric micelles receive increased attention due to their ability to load therapeutics, deliver the cargo to the site of action, improve the pharmacokinetic of the loaded drug and reduce off-target cytotoxicity. While polymeric micelles can be developed with improved drug loading capabilities by modulating hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the micelle forming block co-polymers, they can also be successfully cancer targeted by surface modifying with tumor-homing ligands. However, maintenance of the integrity of the self-assembled system in the circulation and disassembly for drug release at the site of drug action remain a challenge. Therefore, stimuli-responsive polymeric micelles for on demand drug delivery with minimal off-target effect has been developed and extensively investigated to assess their sensitivity. This review focuses on discussing various polymeric micelles currently utilized for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Designs of various stimuli-sensitive micelles that are able to control drug release in response to specific stimuli, either endogenous or exogenous have been delineated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Biswas
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Preeti Kumari
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Prit Manish Lakhani
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang YU, Chen YN, Zhang W, Yang YU, Bai WK, Shen E, Hu B. Upregulation of ULK1 expression in PC-3 cells following tumor protein P53 transfection by sonoporation. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:699-704. [PMID: 26870270 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ultrasound combined with microbubbles was able to enhance liposome-mediated transfection of genes into human prostate cancer cells, and to examine the association between autophagy and tumor protein P53 (P53). An MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability, while flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were used to measure gene transfection efficiency. Autophagy was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to assess the expression of autophagy-associated genes. The results of the present study revealed that cell viability was significantly reduced following successfully enhanced transfection of P53 by ultrasound combined with microbubbles. In addition, serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 levels were simultaneously upregulated. Castration-resistant prostate cancer is difficult to treat and is investigated in the present study. P53 has a significant role in a number of key biological functions, including DNA repair, apoptosis, cell cycle, autophagy, senescence and angiogenesis. Prior to the present study, to the best of our knowledge, increased transfection efficiency and reduced side effects have been difficult to achieve. Ultrasound is considered to be a 'gentle' technique that may be able to achieve increased transfection efficiency and reduced side effects. The results of the present study highlight a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y U Wang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ni Chen
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Y U Yang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Kun Bai
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - E Shen
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lattin JR, Pitt WG. Factors affecting ultrasonic release from eLiposomes. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1373-84. [PMID: 25641709 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes containing emulsion droplets (eLiposomes) were studied as ultrasound-responsive liposomal drug carriers. This paper presents the effects of temperature, eLiposome size, and ultrasound parameters on the ultrasonically actuated release of calcein, to test hypotheses concerning the physics of acoustic droplet vaporization with regard to vapor pressure and Laplace pressure. Small (200 nm) eLiposomes containing 100-nm emulsion droplets were formed and compared with large (800 nm) eLiposomes containing 100- or 450-nm droplets. Calcein release was quantified by spectroscopic methods. Various experiments examined the influence of perfluorocarbon (PFC) droplet size, vesicle size, temperature, PFC composition and vapor pressure, insonation time, and insonation frequency. Results showed that eLiposome samples released significantly more calcein than their conventional liposome counterparts. Surprisingly, temperature (which directly controls vapor pressure) did not have a strong effect on ultrasound-induced calcein release. In general, calcein release decreased with decreasing droplet size, as hypothesized based on Laplace pressure. Release decreased with increased ultrasound frequency if the pressure amplitude and exposure time were maintained constant, indicating that the gas-phase nucleation rate may have an important role in rupture of eLiposomes. Interestingly, when ultrasound of the same mechanical index was applied at two frequencies, the amount of release correlated strongly with the mechanical index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James R Lattin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Husseini GA, Pitt WG, Martins AM. Ultrasonically triggered drug delivery: breaking the barrier. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:364-86. [PMID: 25454759 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The adverse side-effects of chemotherapy can be minimized by delivering the therapeutics in time and space to only the desired target site. Ultrasound offers one fairly non-invasive method of accomplishing such precise delivery because its energy can disrupt nanosized containers that are designed to sequester the drug until the ultrasonic event. Such containers include micelles, liposomes and solid nanoparticles. Conventional micelles and liposomes are less acoustically sensitive to ultrasound because the strongest forces associated with ultrasound are generated by gas-liquid interfaces, which both of these conventional constructs lack. Acoustically activated carriers often incorporate a gas phase, either actively as preformed bubbles, or passively such as taking advantage of dissolved gasses that form bubbles upon insonation. Newer concepts include using liquids that form gas when insonated. This review focuses on the ultrasonically activated delivery of therapeutics from micelles, liposomes and solid particles. In vitro and in vivo results are summarized and discussed. Novel structural concepts from micelles and liposomes are presented. Mechanisms of ultrasonically activated release are discussed. The future of ultrasound in drug delivery is envisioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana M Martins
- American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmed SE, Martins AM, Husseini GA. The use of ultrasound to release chemotherapeutic drugs from micelles and liposomes. J Drug Target 2014; 23:16-42. [PMID: 25203857 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.954119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Several drug delivery systems have been investigated to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy by encapsulating the therapeutic agent in a nanosized carrier until it reaches the tumor site. Many of these particles are designed to be responsive to the mechanical and thermal perturbations delivered by ultrasound. Once the nanoparticle reaches the desired location, ultrasound is applied to release the chemotherapy drug only in the vicinity of the targeted (cancer) site, thus avoiding any detrimental interaction with healthy cells in the body. Studies using liposomes and micelles have shown promising results in this area, as these nanoparticles with simple, yet effective structures, showed high efficiency as drug delivery vehicles both in vitro and in vivo. This article reviews the design and application of two novel nanosized chemotherapeutic carriers (i.e. micelles and liposomes) intended to be actuated by ultrasound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma E Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah , Sharjah , United Arab Emirates
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sirsi SR, Borden MA. State-of-the-art materials for ultrasound-triggered drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 72:3-14. [PMID: 24389162 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound is a unique and exciting theranostic modality that can be used to track drug carriers, trigger drug release and improve drug deposition with high spatial precision. In this review, we briefly describe the mechanisms of interaction between drug carriers and ultrasound waves, including cavitation, streaming and hyperthermia, and how those interactions can promote drug release and tissue uptake. We then discuss the rational design of some state-of-the-art materials for ultrasound-triggered drug delivery and review recent progress for each drug carrier, focusing on the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin. These materials include nanocarrier formulations, such as liposomes and micelles, designed specifically for ultrasound-triggered drug release, as well as microbubbles, microbubble-nanocarrier hybrids, microbubble-seeded hydrogels and phase-change agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank R Sirsi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Mark A Borden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jhaveri AM, Torchilin VP. Multifunctional polymeric micelles for delivery of drugs and siRNA. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:77. [PMID: 24795633 PMCID: PMC4007015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric micelles, self-assembling nano-constructs of amphiphilic copolymers with a core-shell structure have been used as versatile carriers for delivery of drugs as well as nucleic acids. They have gained immense popularity owing to a host of favorable properties including their capacity to effectively solubilize a variety of poorly soluble pharmaceutical agents, biocompatibility, longevity, high stability in vitro and in vivo and the ability to accumulate in pathological areas with compromised vasculature. Moreover, additional functions can be imparted to these micelles by engineering their surface with various ligands and cell-penetrating moieties to allow for specific targeting and intracellular accumulation, respectively, to load them with contrast agents to confer imaging capabilities, and incorporating stimuli-sensitive groups that allow drug release in response to small changes in the environment. Recently, there has been an increasing trend toward designing polymeric micelles which integrate a number of the above functions into a single carrier to give rise to “smart,” multifunctional polymeric micelles. Such multifunctional micelles can be envisaged as key to improving the efficacy of current treatments which have seen a steady increase not only in hydrophobic small molecules, but also in biologics including therapeutic genes, antibodies and small interfering RNA (siRNA). The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in the development of multifunctional polymeric micelles specifically for delivery of drugs and siRNA. In spite of the tremendous potential of siRNA, its translation into clinics has been a significant challenge because of physiological barriers to its effective delivery and the lack of safe, effective and clinically suitable vehicles. To that end, we also discuss the potential and suitability of multifunctional polymeric micelles, including lipid-based micelles, as promising vehicles for both siRNA and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi M Jhaveri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin CY, Javadi M, Belnap DM, Barrow JR, Pitt WG. Ultrasound sensitive eLiposomes containing doxorubicin for drug targeting therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:67-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
22
|
Lin CY, Pitt WG. Acoustic droplet vaporization in biology and medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:404361. [PMID: 24350267 PMCID: PMC3853706 DOI: 10.1155/2013/404361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the literature regarding the use of acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) in clinical applications of imaging, embolic therapy, and therapeutic delivery. ADV is a physical process in which the pressure waves of ultrasound induce a phase transition that causes superheated liquid nanodroplets to form gas bubbles. The bubbles provide ultrasonic imaging contrast and other functions. ADV of perfluoropentane was used extensively in imaging for preclinical trials in the 1990s, but its use declined rapidly with the advent of other imaging agents. In the last decade, ADV was proposed and explored for embolic occlusion therapy, drug delivery, aberration correction, and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) sensitization. Vessel occlusion via ADV has been explored in rodents and dogs and may be approaching clinical use. ADV for drug delivery is still in preclinical stages with initial applications to treat tumors in mice. Other techniques are still in preclinical studies but have potential for clinical use in specialty applications. Overall, ADV has a bright future in clinical application because the small size of nanodroplets greatly reduces the rate of clearance compared to larger contrast agent bubbles and yet provides the advantages of ultrasonographic contrast, acoustic cavitation, and nontoxicity of conventional perfluorocarbon contrast agent bubbles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - William G. Pitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gao Y, Xie J, Chen H, Gu S, Zhao R, Shao J, Jia L. Nanotechnology-based intelligent drug design for cancer metastasis treatment. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:761-77. [PMID: 24211475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Traditional chemotherapy used today at clinics is mainly inherited from the thinking and designs made four decades ago when the Cancer War was declared. The potency of those chemotherapy drugs on in-vitro cancer cells is clearly demonstrated at even nanomolar levels. However, due to their non-specific effects in the body on normal tissues, these drugs cause toxicity, deteriorate patient's life quality, weaken the host immunosurveillance system, and result in an irreversible damage to human's own recovery power. Owing to their unique physical and biological properties, nanotechnology-based chemotherapies seem to have an ability to specifically and safely reach tumor foci with enhanced efficacy and low toxicity. Herein, we comprehensively examine the current nanotechnology-based pharmaceutical platforms and strategies for intelligent design of new nanomedicines based on targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) for cancer metastasis treatment, analyze the pros and cons of nanomedicines versus traditional chemotherapy, and evaluate the importance that nanomaterials can bring in to significantly improve cancer metastasis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Songen Gu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rongli Zhao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Institute, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Eggen S, Afadzi M, Nilssen EA, Haugstad SB, Angelsen B, Davies CDL. Ultrasound improves the uptake and distribution of liposomal Doxorubicin in prostate cancer xenografts. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:1255-66. [PMID: 23643054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Combining liposomally encapsulated cytotoxic drugs with ultrasound exposure has improved the therapeutic response to cancer in animal models; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. This study focused on investigating the effect of ultrasound exposures (1 MHz and 300 kHz) on the delivery and distribution of liposomal doxorubicin in mice with prostate cancer xenografts. The mice were exposed to ultrasound 24 h after liposome administration to study the effect on release of doxorubicin and its penetration through the extracellular matrix. Optical imaging methods were used to examine the effects at both microscopic subcellular and macroscopic tissue levels. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that ultrasound-exposed tumors had increased levels of released doxorubicin compared with unexposed control tumors and that the distribution of liposomes and doxorubicin through the tumor tissue was improved. Whole-animal optical imaging revealed that liposomes were taken up by both abdominal organs and tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siv Eggen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Bai WK, Shen E, Hu B. Sonoporation by low-frequency and low-power ultrasound enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy in prostate cancer cells in vitro.. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:495-498. [PMID: 24137354 PMCID: PMC3789114 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy is used to optimize anticancer efficacy and reduce the toxicity and side-effects of drugs upon systemic administration. Ultrasound (US) combined with micro-bubbles (UM) enhances the intracellular uptake of cytotoxic drugs by tumor cells, particularly drug-resistant cells. In the present study, low-frequency and low-energy US (US irradiation conditions: frequency, 21 kHz; power density, 0.113 W/cm2; exposure time, 2 min at a duty cycle of 70%; and valid treatment time, 84 sec) were used in combination with microbubbles (100 μl/ml) to deliver mitoxantrone HCl (MIT) to DU145 cells. The results showed that UM did not change the cell viability in the short- or long-term. However, UM statistically enhanced the therapeutic effects and up to 31.26±3.34% of the cells exposed to UM were permeabilized compared with 9.74±2.55% of cells in the control, when using calcein (MW, 622.53) as a fluorogenic marker. Notably, UM affected the migration capability of the DU145 cells at 6 h post-treatment. In conclusion, the ultrasonic parameters used in the present study enhanced the chemotherapeutic effect and reduced the unwanted side-effects of MIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oerlemans C, Deckers R, Storm G, Hennink WE, Nijsen JFW. Evidence for a new mechanism behind HIFU-triggered release from liposomes. J Control Release 2013; 168:327-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
27
|
Pitt WG, Husseini GA, Kherbeck LN. Ultrasound-triggered Release from Micelles. SMART MATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849736800-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound is an ideal trigger for site-actuated drug delivery because it can be focused through the skin to internal targets without surgery. Thermal or mechanical energy can be delivered via tissue heating or bubble cavitation, respectively. Bubble cavitation, which concentrates energy that can trigger drug release from carriers, occurs more readily at low frequencies and at bubble resonant frequencies. Other mechanical and physical consequences of cavitation are reviewed. Micelles are nanosized molecular assemblies of amphiphilic molecules that spontaneously form in aqueous solution and possess a hydrophobic core capable of sequestering hydrophobic drugs. Micelles have traditionally been used to increase the solubility of hydrophobic therapeutics for oral and intravenous administration. For ultrasonic drug delivery, polymeric micelles containing polyethylene oxide blocks are preferred because they have longer circulation time in vivo. Passive delivery occurs when micelles accumulate in tumor tissues that have malformed capillaries with porous walls. In active delivery targeting ligands are attached to the micelles, which directs their binding to specific cells. Actuated delivery occurs when ultrasound causes drug release from micelles and is attributed to bubble cavitation since the amount released correlates with acoustic signatures of cavitation. The mechanisms of ultrasonic drug release are discussed, including the prevalent theory that gas bubble cavitation events create high shear stress and shock waves that transiently perturb the structure of the micelles and allow drug to escape from the hydrophobic core. Ultrasound also perturbs cell membranes, rendering them more permeable to drug uptake. Tumors in rats and mice have been successfully treated using low-frequency ultrasound and chemotherapeutics in polymeric micelles. Ultrasonically activated drug delivery has great clinical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William G. Pitt
- Chemical Engineering Department Brigham Young University, Provo, UT84602 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dai ZJ, Li S, Gao J, Xu XN, Lu WF, Lin S, Wang XJ. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT): a novel treatment of cancer based on sonosensitizer liposome as a new drug carrier. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:300-2. [PMID: 23294609 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Chemotherapy is one of the main means of cancer treatment. Conventional chemotherapy agents kill rapidly proliferating cells, resulting in some of the most common side effects of chemotherapy. Liposome-encapsulated drugs offer the possibility to increase target efficacy as well as reducing toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the target specificity of liposome is dissatisfied. We urgently need to develop new approaches to improving drug target efficacy. Recently, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) of cancer, which is based on preferential uptake and retention of a sonosensitizer in tumor tissues and subsequent activation of drug by ultrasound radiation, is a developing field. In this article, we propose the use of sonosensitizers in combination with liposome to target chemotherapy drugs directly to tumor cells. SDT with low-intensity ultrasound combined with a sonosensitizer may be a promising approach to cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mullin LB, Phillips LC, Dayton PA. Nanoparticle delivery enhancement with acoustically activated microbubbles. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2013; 60:65-77. [PMID: 23287914 PMCID: PMC3822910 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2013.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of microbubbles and ultrasound to deliver nanoparticle carriers for drug and gene delivery is an area that has expanded greatly in recent years. Under ultrasound exposure, microbubbles can enhance nanoparticle delivery by increasing cellular and vascular permeability. In this review, the underlying mechanisms of enhanced nanoparticle delivery with ultrasound and microbubbles and various proposed delivery techniques are discussed. Additionally, types of nanoparticles currently being investigated in preclinical studies, as well as the general limitations and benefits of a microbubble- based approach to nanoparticle delivery, are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Mullin
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University
| | - Linsey C Phillips
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Paul A. Dayton Campus Box 7575, UNC Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lattin JR, Pitt WG, Belnap DM, Husseini GA. Ultrasound-induced calcein release from eLiposomes. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2012; 38:2163-73. [PMID: 23062373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound is explored as a method of inducing the release of encapsulated materials from eLiposomes, defined as liposomes containing emulsion droplets. Emulsions were formed using perfluorohexane and perfluoropentane. eLiposomes were formed by folding interdigitated lipid sheets into closed vesicles around the emulsion droplets. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy was used to verify droplet encapsulation. Self-quenched calcein was also encapsulated inside the vesicles. A fluorometer was used to measure baseline fluorescence, calcein release after ultrasound exposure, and total release from the vesicles. eLiposome samples released 3 to 5 times more of the encapsulated calcein than did controls when exposed to 20-kHz ultrasound. Calcein release increased with exposure time and intensity of ultrasound. eLiposomes with large (400 nm) droplets produced more calcein release than small (100 nm) droplets. These observations suggest that the emulsions are vaporized by ultrasound and that the Laplace pressure in the emulsions has an effect on droplet vaporization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James R Lattin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Theerasilp M, Nasongkla N. Comparative studies of poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(D,L-lactide) as core materials of polymeric micelles. J Microencapsul 2012. [PMID: 23181625 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2012.746746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles have been successfully used to deliver a variety of therapeutic agents. Nonetheless, several limitations and considerations must be clarified and well-studied to achieve the highest therapeutic effect. In this study, a series of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-b-PCL) and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEG-b-PLA) with varying molecular weight (MW) of hydrophobic core segment were synthesized. These block copolymers can form micelle with PCL or PLA as core-forming blocks and PEG as a coronal material. The effect of MW on micelle size and critical micelle concentration (CMC) was studied. DOX (DOX) was encapsulated inside the micelle core. Drug-loading content and size of micelles were studied. Drug release studies inside cells were evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In summary, the PLA core which is less hydrophobic than PCL showed higher CMC, smaller micelle size and faster DOX release inside nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Theerasilp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Javadi M, Pitt WG, Belnap DM, Tsosie NH, Hartley JM. Encapsulating nanoemulsions inside eLiposomes for ultrasonic drug delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14720-9. [PMID: 22989347 DOI: 10.1021/la303464v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
An eLiposome is a liposome encapsulating an emulsion nanodroplet and can be used for drug delivery. For example, therapeutic agents are encapsulated inside the eLiposomes, and the application of ultrasound can cause the emulsion droplet to change from liquid to gas, thus increasing the volume inside the vesicle and causing rupture and the release of the drug. In this research, two different methods were used to prepare eLiposomes. In the first method, emulsion droplets were made of perfluorohexane or perfluoropentane and stabilized with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate. A layer of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was dried in a round-bottomed flask. Then the emulsion suspension was added to the flask. As the suspension hydrated the phospholipids, they formed liposomes around the emulsions. In the second method, emulsions and liposomes were made separately, and then they were mixed using ultrasound. The advantage of this second method compared to the previous one is that eLiposomes can be made with fewer restrictions because of incompatible combinations of surfactants. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to measure the size of the emulsions, liposomes, and eLiposomes. The size of eLiposomes is appropriate for extravasation into tumors with malformed capillary beds. We hypothesize that ultrasound breaks open these eLiposomes. Both types of eLiposomes were constructed with folate attached via a poly(ethylene glycol) tether to induce endocytosis of the eLiposome. The latter eLiposomes were successfully used to deliver calcein as a model drug to HeLa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Javadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wu Y, Lu CT, Li WF, Sun CZ, Yang W, Zhang Y, Su ZX, Zhang Y, Fu HX, Huang PT, Lv HF, Dai DD, Li X, Lin GY, Luo SM, Zhao YZ. Preparation and antitumor activity of bFGF-mediated active targeting doxorubicin microbubbles. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1712-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.730527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
34
|
Lukianova-Hleb EY, Ren X, Townley D, Wu X, Kupferman ME, Lapotko DO. Plasmonic nanobubbles rapidly detect and destroy drug-resistant tumors. Theranostics 2012; 2:976-87. [PMID: 23139725 PMCID: PMC3493199 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The resistance of residual cancer cells after oncological resection to adjuvant chemoradiotherapies results in both high recurrence rates and high non-specific tissue toxicity, thus preventing the successful treatment of such cancers as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The patients' survival rate and quality of life therefore depend upon the efficacy, selectivity and low non-specific toxicity of the adjuvant treatment. We report a novel, theranostic in vivo technology that unites both the acoustic diagnostics and guided intracellular delivery of anti-tumor drug (liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin, Doxil) in one rapid process, namely a pulsed laser-activated plasmonic nanobubble (PNB). HNSCC-bearing mice were treated with gold nanoparticle conjugates, Doxil, and single near-infrared laser pulses of low energy. Tumor-specific clusters of gold nanoparticles (solid gold spheres) converted the optical pulses into localized PNBs. The acoustic signals of the PNB detected the tumor with high specificity and sensitivity. The mechanical impact of the PNB, co-localized with Doxil liposomes, selectively ejected the drug into the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Cancer cell-specific generation of PNBs and their intracellular co-localization with Doxil improved the in vivo therapeutic efficacy from 5-7% for administration of only Doxil or PNBs alone to 90% thus demonstrating the synergistic therapeutic effect of the PNB-based intracellular drug release. This mechanism also reduced the non-specific toxicity of Doxil below a detectable level and the treatment time to less than one minute. Thus PNBs combine highly sensitive diagnosis, overcome drug resistance and minimize non-specific toxicity in a single rapid theranostic procedure for intra-operative treatment.
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh R, Husseini GA, Pitt WG. Phase transitions of nanoemulsions using ultrasound: experimental observations. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2012; 19:1120-5. [PMID: 22444691 PMCID: PMC3329591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasound-induced transformation of perfluorocarbon liquids to gases is of interest in the area of drug and gene delivery. In this study, three independent parameters (temperature, size, and perfluorocarbon species) were selected to investigate the effects of 476-kHz and 20-kHz ultrasound on nanoemulsion phase transition. Two levels of each factor (low and high) were considered at each frequency. The acoustic intensities at gas bubble formation and at the onset of inertial cavitation were recorded and subsequently correlated with the acoustic parameters. Experimental data showed that low frequencies are more effective in forming and collapsing a bubble. Additionally, as the size of the emulsion droplet increased, the intensity required for bubble formation decreased. As expected, perfluorohexane emulsions require greater intensity to form cavitating bubbles than perfluoropentane emulsions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Singh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - William G. Pitt
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
- Corresponding Author: Dr. William G. Pitt, Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA, 801-422-2589 office, 801-422-0151 FAX,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kulthe SS, Choudhari YM, Inamdar NN, Mourya V. Polymeric micelles: authoritative aspects for drug delivery. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1385772x.2012.688328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sushant S. Kulthe
- a Government College of Pharmacy , Aurangabad , 431005 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Yogesh M. Choudhari
- a Government College of Pharmacy , Aurangabad , 431005 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Nazma N. Inamdar
- a Government College of Pharmacy , Aurangabad , 431005 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Vishnukant Mourya
- a Government College of Pharmacy , Aurangabad , 431005 , Maharashtra , India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wan CPL, Jackson JK, Pirmoradi FN, Chiao M, Burt HM. Increased accumulation and retention of micellar paclitaxel in drug-sensitive and P-glycoprotein-expressing cell lines following ultrasound exposure. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2012; 38:736-744. [PMID: 22425383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound treatment has been shown to enhance the uptake of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds into PC3 and Huvec cell lines using an insonation regimen of a single 10-s burst of high-frequency (4 MHz), moderate intensity (32 W/cm(2)) ultrasound. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of this ultrasound regimen on the cellular accumulation of paclitaxel (PTX) loaded in copolymer micellar of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (MePEG-b-PDLLA) in both drug-sensitive (MDCKII and MCF-7) and P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-expressing (MDCKII-MDR and NCI-ADR) cell lines. There were no effects of ultrasound on hydrodynamic diameters of micelles and the release of FRET pairs, indicating the integrity of micelles was maintained. There was a two-fold increase in intracellular PTX for all ultrasound-treated drug-sensitive cell lines and their respective drug-resistant counterparts compared with no ultrasound. Significant decreases in drug efflux rates were observed at 20, 40 and 60 min for both drug-sensitive and -resistant cell lines receiving ultrasound. The enhanced accumulation and retention of PTX by ultrasound resulted in greater cytotoxicity in both MDCKII and MDCKII-MDR cell lines, as indicated by the MTS assay. These data suggest that ultrasound may facilitate the uptake of intact paclitaxel-loaded micelles into cells, allowing greater retention of drug in both Pgp and non-Pgp-expressing cells.
Collapse
|
38
|
Jackson JK, Pirmoradi FN, Wan CPL, Siu T, Chiao M, Burt HM. Increased accumulation of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in proliferating capillary cells and prostate cancer cells following ultrasound exposure. ULTRASONICS 2011; 51:932-939. [PMID: 21663929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have previously reported enhanced cytotoxic effects of both doxorubicin and antisense oligonucleotides using an optimized ultrasound regime of a single 10s exposure in burst-mode (4 MHz, 32 W/cm(2)(SaTa), 50 ms burst period) in both PC3 (prostate cancer) cells and angiogenic Huvec (human umbilical cord endothelial cells). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the cellular uptake of both hydrophilic agents (rhodamine R123, doxorubicin hydrochloride and mannitol) and hydrophobic agents (rhodamine R6G and paclitaxel) using the same 4 MHz ultrasound exposure system. METHODS PC3 cells and Huvec were incubated with solutions of radioactive or fluorescent compounds for 1h and ultrasound was then applied to cells. Following washing and lysis of cells, the degree of drug uptake was measured using liquid scintillation counting or fluorescence spectroscopy. RESULTS Ultrasound exposure resulted in the enhanced uptake of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds into cells. For paclitaxel, approximately 100% increased uptake was observed when the drug was encapsulated in a nanoparticulate micellar formulation compared to approximately 50% for free drug. CONCLUSIONS The 4 MHz, 32 W/cm(2) ultrasound exposure regime (using burst-mode with 50 ms burst period) allows for the enhanced uptake of both water soluble and insoluble compounds into proliferating cancer and angiogenic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John K Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Oerlemans C, Bult W, Bos M, Storm G, Nijsen JFW, Hennink WE. Polymeric micelles in anticancer therapy: targeting, imaging and triggered release. Pharm Res 2010; 27:2569-89. [PMID: 20725771 PMCID: PMC2982955 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 601] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Micelles are colloidal particles with a size around 5-100 nm which are currently under investigation as carriers for hydrophobic drugs in anticancer therapy. Currently, five micellar formulations for anticancer therapy are under clinical evaluation, of which Genexol-PM has been FDA approved for use in patients with breast cancer. Micelle-based drug delivery, however, can be improved in different ways. Targeting ligands can be attached to the micelles which specifically recognize and bind to receptors overexpressed in tumor cells, and chelation or incorporation of imaging moieties enables tracking micelles in vivo for biodistribution studies. Moreover, pH-, thermo-, ultrasound-, or light-sensitive block copolymers allow for controlled micelle dissociation and triggered drug release. The combination of these approaches will further improve specificity and efficacy of micelle-based drug delivery and brings the development of a 'magic bullet' a major step forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Oerlemans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Exploiting ultrasound-mediated effects in delivering targeted, site-specific cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2010; 296:133-43. [PMID: 20598800 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the concept of employing ultrasound for the treatment of cancer is not a new one, virtually all existing ultrasound-based clinical cancer treatments are based on hyperthermic ablation. This review seeks to highlight the potential offered by more subtle ultrasound-triggered phenomena such as sonoporation in delivering novel targeted cancer treatment modalities.
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Effects of pluronic and doxorubicin on drug uptake, cellular metabolism, apoptosis and tumor inhibition in animal models of MDR cancers. J Control Release 2010; 143:290-301. [PMID: 20074598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is believed to be impeded by multidrug resistance (MDR). Pluronic (triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO) were previously shown to sensitize MDR tumors to antineoplastic agents. This study uses animal models of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL-M27) and T-lymphocytic leukemia (P388/ADR and P388) derived solid tumors to delineate mechanisms of sensitization of MDR tumors by Pluronic P85 (P85) in vivo. First, non-invasive single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and tumor tissue radioactivity sampling demonstrate that intravenous co-administration of P85 with a Pgp substrate, 99Tc-sestamibi, greatly increases the tumor uptake of this substrate in the MDR tumors. Second, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) in live animals and tumor tissue sampling for ATP suggest that P85 and doxorubicin (Dox) formulations induce pronounced ATP depletion in MDR tumors. Third, these formulations are shown to increase tumor apoptosis in vivo by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for caspases 8 and 9. Altogether, formulation of Dox with P85 results in increased inhibition of the growth solid tumors in mice and represents novel and promising strategy for therapy of drug resistant cancers.
Collapse
|
43
|
Husseini GA, Mjalli FS, Pitt WG, Abdel-Jabbar NM. Using Artificial Neural Networks and Model Predictive Control to Optimize Acoustically Assisted Doxorubicin Release from Polymeric Micelles. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2009; 8:479-88. [DOI: 10.1177/153303460900800609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have been developing a drug delivery system that uses Pluronic P105 micelles to sequester a chemotherapeutic drug - namely, Doxorubicin (Dox) - until it reaches the cancer site. Ultrasound is then applied to release the drug directly to the tumor and in the process minimize the adverse side effects of chemotherapy on non-tumor tissues. Here, we present an artificial neural network (ANN) model that attempts to model the dynamic release of Dox from P105 micelles under different ultrasonic power intensities at two frequencies. The developed ANN model is then utilized to optimize the ultrasound application to achieve a target drug release at the tumor site via an ANN-based model predictive control. The parameters of the controller are then tuned to achieve good reference signal tracking. We were successful in designing and testing a controller capable of adjusting the ultrasound frequency, intensity, and pulse length to sustain constant Dox release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah USA 84602
| | - Farouq S. Mjalli
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - William G. Pitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah USA 84602
| | - Nabil M. Abdel-Jabbar
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Design and evaluation of doxorubicin-containing microbubbles for ultrasound-triggered doxorubicin delivery: cytotoxicity and mechanisms involved. Mol Ther 2009; 18:101-8. [PMID: 19623162 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery with microbubbles and ultrasound is gaining more and more attention in the drug delivery field due to its noninvasiveness, local applicability, and proven safety in ultrasonic imaging techniques. In this article, we tried to improve the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX)-containing liposomes by preparing DOX-liposome-containing microbubbles for drug delivery with therapeutic ultrasound. In this way, the DOX release and uptake can be restricted to ultrasound-treated areas. Compared to DOX-liposomes, DOX-loaded microbubbles killed at least two times more melanoma cells after exposure to ultrasound. After treatment of the melanoma cells with DOX-liposome-loaded microbubbles and ultrasound, DOX was mainly present in the nuclei of the cancer cells, whereas it was mainly detected in the cytoplasm of cells treated with DOX-liposomes. Exposure of cells to DOX-liposome-loaded microbubbles and ultrasound caused an almost instantaneous cellular entry of the DOX. At least two mechanisms were identified that explain the fast uptake of DOX and the superior cell killing of DOX-liposome-loaded microbubbles and ultrasound. First, exposure of DOX-liposome-loaded microbubbles to ultrasound results in the release of free DOX that is more cytotoxic than DOX-liposomes. Second, the cellular entry of the released DOX is facilitated due to sonoporation of the cell membranes. The in vitro results shown in this article indicate that DOX-liposome-loaded microbubbles could be a very interesting tool to obtain an efficient ultrasound-controlled DOX delivery in vivo.
Collapse
|
45
|
Huska D, Adam V, Babula P, Hrabeta J, Stiborova M, Eckschlager T, Trnkova L, Kizek R. Square-Wave Voltammetry as a Tool for Investigation of Doxorubicin Interactions with DNA Isolated from Neuroblastoma Cells. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
46
|
Staples BJ, Roeder BL, Husseini GA, Badamjav O, Schaalje GB, Pitt WG. Role of frequency and mechanical index in ultrasonic-enhanced chemotherapy in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2009; 64:593-600. [PMID: 19127364 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-008-0910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The therapeutic effect of ultrasound and micellar-encapsulated doxorubicin was studied in vivo using a tumor-bearing rat model with emphasis on how tumor growth rate is affected by ultrasonic parameters such as frequency and intensity. METHODS This study employed ultrasound of two different frequencies (20, 476 kHz) and two pulse intensities, but identical mechanical indices and temporal average intensities. Ultrasound was applied weekly for 15 min to one of two bilateral leg tumors (DHD/K12/TRb colorectal epithelial cell line) in the rat model immediately after intravenous injection of micelle-encapsulated doxorubicin. This therapy was applied weekly for 6 weeks. RESULTS Results showed that tumors treated with drug and ultrasound displayed, on average, slower growth rates than non-insonated tumors (P = 0.0047). However, comparison between tumors that received 20 or 476-kHz ultrasound treatments showed no statistical difference (P = 0.9275) in tumor growth rate. CONCLUSION Application of ultrasound in combination with drug therapy was effective in reducing tumor growth rate, irrespective of which frequency was employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryant J Staples
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Myhr G. Multimodal cancer treatment: real time monitoring, optimization, and synergistic effects. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2008; 7:409-14. [PMID: 18783293 DOI: 10.1177/153303460800700510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this analysis is to provide the theoretical framework for a novel multimodal cancer treatment system emphasizing the use of ultrasound as a synergistic drug release mechanism, real time monitoring by MRI of hyperthermic, pO2, and ultrasound induced released effects. The aim is to provide a cure for the 20% of cancer victims who will die of complications from local solid tumors. Adjuvant therapy usually refers to surgery preceding or following chemotherapy and/or ionizing radiation treatment to decrease the risk of recurrence, but the absolute benefit for survival obtained with adjuvant therapy compared to control is only approximately 6%. Tumor hypoxia represents a primary therapeutic concern, besides multi-drug resistance (MDR), because it can reduce the effectiveness of drugs and radiotherapy; well-oxygenated cells require one-third the dose of hypoxic cells to achieve a given level of cell killing. The era of systemic and indiscriminate chemotherapeutic drug delivery into both healthy and pathologic tissues is near an end. Targeted drug delivery using nanoparticles is emerging as the new vehicle, either as a single treatment option, as part of adjuvant procedures or as a component of a multimodal cancer treatment system. There are more than 100 nanosized liposomes or particles, and conjugated anticancer agents in various stages of preclinical and clinical development. Active targeting can be achieved by site-specific delivery or site-specific triggering. Ultrasound can be utilized as both a site triggering and synergistic mechanism in drug release. The process can be monitored using MRI by a physical process called cavitation. An analysis of low frequency ultrasound exposure in combination with liposomally encapsulated doxorubicin (Caelyx) on Balb/c nude mice inoculated with a WiDr (human colon cancer) tumor cell line provided tumor growth inhibition of 30-40%. Mild hyperthermia causes mean intra-tumor pO2 to increase by 25% and enhances tumor radiosensitization. Hyperthermia causes the extravasation of liposome nanoparticles in deep tumor regions. Ionizing radiation improves the distribution and uptake of drugs. Liposomally encapsulated drugs and ultrasound mediated hyperthermia have been proven to circumvent MDR effects. Hyperthermic effects and pO2 monitoring of bodily fluid have been performed by MRI. It is hypothesized that increased vascularization and subsequent increase in pO2 levels to hypoxic regions, and monitoring of drug release through cavitation, can facilitate optimized real time concomitant or sequential treatments of drug therapy, hyperthermia, ionizing radiation, etc., before or after surgery. An improved therapeutic index with the use of the outlined system seems probable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Myhr
- CancerCure Technology Ltd., P.O. Box 7159 Majorstuen, 0307 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Brazel CS. Magnetothermally-responsive Nanomaterials: Combining Magnetic Nanostructures and Thermally-Sensitive Polymers for Triggered Drug Release. Pharm Res 2008; 26:644-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|