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Nanoalum adjuvanted vaccines: small details make a big difference. Semin Immunol 2021; 56:101544. [PMID: 34895823 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purified vaccine antigens offer important safety and reactogenicity advantages compared with live attenuated or whole killed virus and bacterial vaccines. However, they require the addition of adjuvants to induce the magnitude, duration and quality of immune response required to achieve protective immunity. Aluminium salts have been used as adjuvants in vaccines for almost a century. In the literature, they are often referred to as aluminium-based adjuvants (ABAs), or aluminium salt-containing adjuvants or more simply "alum". All these terms are used to group aluminium suspensions that are very different in terms of atomic composition, size, and shape. They differ also in stability, antigen-adsorption, and antigen-release kinetics. Critically, these parameters also have a profound effect on the character and magnitude of the immune response elicited. Recent findings suggest that, by reducing the size of aluminium from micro to nanometers, a more effective adjuvant is obtained, together with the ability to sterile filter the vaccine product. However, the behaviour of aluminium nanoparticles in vaccine formulations is different from microparticles, requiring specific formulation strategies, as well as a more detailed understanding of how formulation influences the immune response generated. Here we review the current state of art of aluminium nanoparticles as adjuvants, with a focus on their immunobiology, preparation methods, formulation optimisation and stabilisation.
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Zhang K, Ivanov DS, Ganeev RA, Boltaev GS, Krishnendu PS, Singh SC, Garcia ME, Zavestovskaya IN, Guo C. Pulse Duration and Wavelength Effects of Laser Ablation on the Oxidation, Hydrolysis, and Aging of Aluminum Nanoparticles in Water. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9050767. [PMID: 31109104 PMCID: PMC6566421 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the formation of the aluminum (Al) nanoparticles (NPs) with triangular shape obtained by ablating Al bulk in liquid using pulses with different durations (5 ns, 200 ps, and 30 fs) and wavelengths (355 nm, 800 nm, and 1064 nm). We report three stages of synthesis and aging of Al NPs: Formation, transformation, and stable stage. The NPs prepared by different pulses are almost identical at the initial stage. The effects of duration and wavelength of the ablation pulses on the aging of NPs are revealed. Pulse duration is determined to be essential for morphological transformation of NPs, while pulse wavelength strongly influences particle sizes. NPs produced by ultra-short pulses have smaller sizes and narrow size distribution. We demonstrate that oxidation and hydrolysis of Al in water are the results of ablation for all pulse durations and wavelengths, which also strongly modify the preferable reaction path of NPs in water, thus affecting the composition and morphology of triangle NPs. The results of modeling of the NPs generation in water due to a 50 ps laser pulse interacting with a thick Al target are presented. Water-based effects in the formation of NPs, their evolution, and solidification are considered from the mechanical and thermophysical points of view. The detailed analysis of the modeling results allowed for determination of the main mechanism responsible for the ablation process followed by the NPs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dmitry S Ivanov
- Theoretical Physics Department, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Rashid A Ganeev
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Ganjaboy S Boltaev
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Pandiyalackal S Krishnendu
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Subhash C Singh
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - Martin E Garcia
- Theoretical Physics Department, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
| | - Irina N Zavestovskaya
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Chunlei Guo
- The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
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Jiang Q, Ji C, Riley DJ, Xie F. Boosting the Efficiency of Photoelectrolysis by the Addition of Non-Noble Plasmonic Metals: Al & Cu. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 9:nano9010001. [PMID: 30577444 PMCID: PMC6359664 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Solar water splitting by semiconductor based photoanodes and photocathodes is one of the most promising strategies to convert solar energy to chemical energy to meet the high demand for energy consumption in modern society. However, the state-of-the-art efficiency is too low to fulfill the demand. To overcome this challenge and thus enable the industrial realization of a solar water splitting device, different approaches have been taken to enhance the overall device efficiency, one of which is the incorporation of plasmonic nanostructures. Photoanodes and photocathodes coupled to the optimized plasmonic nanostructures, matching the absorption wavelength of the semiconductors, can exhibit a significantly increased efficiency. So far, gold and silver have been extensively explored to plasmonically enhance water splitting efficiency, with disadvantages of high cost and low enhancement. Instead, non-noble plasmonic metals such as aluminum and copper, are earth-abundant and low cost. In this article, we review their potentials in photoelectrolysis, towards scalable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfan Jiang
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Chengyu Ji
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - D Jason Riley
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Al-Douri Y, Abdulateef S, Odeh AA, Voon C, Badi N. GaNO colloidal nanoparticles synthesis by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation: Laser fluence dependent optical absorption and structural properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhang D, Gökce B, Barcikowski S. Laser Synthesis and Processing of Colloids: Fundamentals and Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:3990-4103. [PMID: 28191931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Driven by functionality and purity demand for applications of inorganic nanoparticle colloids in optics, biology, and energy, their surface chemistry has become a topic of intensive research interest. Consequently, ligand-free colloids are ideal reference materials for evaluating the effects of surface adsorbates from the initial state for application-oriented nanointegration purposes. After two decades of development, laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC) has emerged as a convenient and scalable technique for the synthesis of ligand-free nanomaterials in sealed environments. In addition to the high-purity surface of LSPC-generated nanoparticles, other strengths of LSPC include its high throughput, convenience for preparing alloys or series of doped nanomaterials, and its continuous operation mode, suitable for downstream processing. Unscreened surface charge of LSPC-synthesized colloids is the key to achieving colloidal stability and high affinity to biomolecules as well as support materials, thereby enabling the fabrication of bioconjugates and heterogeneous catalysts. Accurate size control of LSPC-synthesized materials ranging from quantum dots to submicrometer spheres and recent upscaling advancement toward the multiple-gram scale are helpful for extending the applicability of LSPC-synthesized nanomaterials to various fields. By discussing key reports on both the fundamentals and the applications related to laser ablation, fragmentation, and melting in liquids, this Article presents a timely and critical review of this emerging topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshi Zhang
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen , Universitaetsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Bilal Gökce
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen , Universitaetsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen , Universitaetsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Ma R, Amaranatha Reddy D, Kim TK. Effects of Laser Energy Density on Size and Morphology of NiO Nanoparticles Prepared by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rory Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - D. Amaranatha Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
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