1
|
Lu Y, Wang R, Jin H, Xie J, Gu Q, Yang X. A novel peptide derived from the mannose binding lectin inhibits LPS-activated TLR4/NF-κB signaling and suppresses ocular inflammation. Cell Biol Int 2023. [PMID: 37332141 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide. Current treatments have limited effectiveness but severe complications. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an important protein of the innate immune system that binds to TLR4 and suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion. MBL-mediated inhibition of inflammation via the TLR4 pathway and MBL-derived peptides might be a potential therapeutics. In this study, we designed a novel MBL-derived peptide, WP-17, targeting TLR4. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for the sequence, structure and biological properties of WP-17. The binding of WP-17 to THP-1 cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. Signaling molecules were analyzed by western blotting, and activation of NF-κB was measured by immunofluorescence-histochemical analysis. Effects of WP-17 were studied in vitro using LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells and in vivo in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Our results showed that WP-17 could bind to TLR4 expressed on macrophages, thus downregulating the expression levels of MyD88, IRAK-4, and TRAF-6, and inhibiting the downstream NF-kB signaling pathway and LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in THP-1 cells. Moreover, in EIU rats, intravitreal pretreatment with WP-17 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on ocular inflammation, attenuating the clinical and histopathological manifestations of uveitis, reducing protein leakage and cell infiltration into the aqueous humor, and suppressing TNF-α and IL-6 production in ocular tissues. In summary, our study provides the first evidence of a novel MBL-derived peptide that suppressed activation of the NF-кB pathway by targeting TLR4. The peptide effectively inhibited rat uveitis and may be a promising candidate for the management of ocular inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyi Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakao S, Zandi S, Sun D, Hafezi-Moghadam A. Cathepsin B-mediated CD18 shedding regulates leukocyte recruitment from angiogenic vessels. FASEB J 2017; 32:143-154. [PMID: 28904019 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601229r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin B (CtsB) contributes to atherosclerosis and cancer progression by processing the extracellular matrix and promoting angiogenesis. Although CtsB was reported to promote and reduce angiogenesis, there is no mechanistic explanation that reconciles this apparent discrepancy. CtsB cleaves CD18 from the surface of immune cells, but its contribution to angiogenesis has not been studied. We developed an in vivo technique for visualization of immune cell transmigration from corneal vessels toward implanted cytokines. Wild-type (WT) leukocytes extravasated from limbal vessels, angiogenic stalks, and growing tip vessels and migrated toward the cytokines, indicating immune competence of angiogenic vessels. Compared to WT leukocytes, CtsB-/- leukocytes accumulated in a higher number in angiogenic vessels, but extravasated less toward the implanted cytokine. The accumulated CtsB-/- leukocytes in angiogenic vessels expressed more CD18. CD18-/- leukocytes extravasated later than WT leukocytes. However, once extravasated, CD18-/- leukocytes transmigrated more rapidly than their WT counterparts. These results suggest that, although CD18 facilitates efficient extravasation, outside of the vessel CD18 interaction with the extracellular matrix, it reduced transmigration velocity. Our results reveal an unexpected role for CtsB in leukocyte extravasation and transmigration, which advances our understanding of the complex contribution of CtsB to angiogenesis.-Nakao, S., Zandi, S., Sun, D., Hafezi-Moghadam, A. Cathepsin B-mediated CD18 shedding regulates leukocyte recruitment from angiogenic vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Nakao
- Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Souska Zandi
- Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Dawei Sun
- Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Ali Hafezi-Moghadam
- Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sim DA, Chu CJ, Selvam S, Powner MB, Liyanage S, Copland DA, Keane PA, Tufail A, Egan CA, Bainbridge JWB, Lee RW, Dick AD, Fruttiger M. A simple method for in vivo labelling of infiltrating leukocytes in the mouse retina using indocyanine green dye. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:1479-87. [PMID: 26398933 PMCID: PMC4631782 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.019018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a method to label and image myeloid cells infiltrating the mouse retina and choroid in vivo, using a single depot injection of indocyanine green dye (ICG). This was demonstrated using the following ocular models of inflammation and angiogenesis: endotoxin-induced uveitis, experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization model. A near-infrared scanning ophthalmoscope was used for in vivo imaging of the eye, and flow cytometry was used on blood and spleen to assess the number and phenotype of labelled cells. ICG was administered 72 h before the induction of inflammation to ensure clearance from the systemic circulation. We found that in vivo intravenous administration failed to label any leukocytes, whereas depot injection, either intraperitoneal or subcutaneous, was successful in labelling leukocytes infiltrating into the retina. Progression of inflammation in the retina could be traced over a period of 14 days following a single depot injection of ICG. Additionally, bright-field microscopy, spectrophotometry and flow cytometric analysis suggest that the predominant population of cells stained by ICG are circulating myeloid cells. The translation of this approach into clinical practice would enable visualization of immune cells in situ. This will not only provide a greater understanding of pathogenesis, monitoring and assessment of therapy in many human ocular diseases but might also open the ability to image immunity live for neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease and systemic immune-mediated disorders. Summary: We show here that peripheral leukocytes can be labelled with ICG in vivo and then directly imaged as they invade the retina after inflammatory stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn A Sim
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Colin J Chu
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Senthil Selvam
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Michael B Powner
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Sidath Liyanage
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - David A Copland
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Pearse A Keane
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Adnan Tufail
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Catherine A Egan
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Richard W Lee
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Andrew D Dick
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Marcus Fruttiger
- University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oral delivery of ACE2/Ang-(1-7) bioencapsulated in plant cells protects against experimental uveitis and autoimmune uveoretinitis. Mol Ther 2014; 22:2069-2082. [PMID: 25228068 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) resulting in elevated Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to all stages of inflammatory responses including ocular inflammation. The discovery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has established a protective axis of RAS involving ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas that counteracts the proinflammatory and hypertrophic effects of the deleterious ACE/AngII/AT1R axis. Here we investigated the hypothesis that enhancing the systemic and local activity of the protective axis of the RAS by oral delivery of ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) bioencapsulated in plant cells would confer protection against ocular inflammation. Both ACE2 and Ang-(1-7), fused with the non-toxic cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) were expressed in plant chloroplasts. Increased levels of ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) were observed in circulation and retina after oral administration of CTB-ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) expressing plant cells. Oral feeding of mice with bioencapsulated ACE2/Ang-(1-7) significantly reduced endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in mice. Treatment with bioencapsulated ACE2/Ang-(1-7) also dramatically decreased cellular infiltration, retinal vasculitis, damage and folding in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). Thus, enhancing the protective axis of RAS by oral delivery of ACE2/Ang-(1-7) bioencapsulated in plant cells provide an innovative, highly efficient and cost-effective therapeutic strategy for ocular inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
5
|
Cahoon JM, Olson PR, Nielson S, Miya TR, Bankhead P, McGeown JG, Curtis TM, Ambati BK. Acridine orange leukocyte fluorography in mice. Exp Eye Res 2013; 120:15-9. [PMID: 24333760 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous non-invasive visualization of blood vessels and nerves in patients can be obtained in the eye. The retinal vasculature is a target of many retinopathies. Inflammation, readily manifest by leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial lining, is a key pathophysiological mechanism of many retinopathies, making it a valuable and ubiquitous target for disease research. Leukocyte fluorography has been extensively used in the past twenty years; however, fluorescent markers, visualization techniques, and recording methods have differed between studies. The lack of detailed protocol papers regarding leukocyte fluorography, coupled with lack of uniformity between studies, has led to a paucity of standards for leukocyte transit (velocity, adherence, extravasation) in the retina. Here, we give a detailed description of a convenient method using acridine orange (AO) and a commercially available scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO, HRA-OCT Spectralis) to view leukocyte behavior in the mouse retina. Normal mice are compared to mice with acute and chronic inflammation. This method can be readily adopted in many research labs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judd M Cahoon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States.
| | - Paul R Olson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States
| | - Spencer Nielson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States
| | - Tadashi R Miya
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States
| | - Peter Bankhead
- Centre for Vision and Vascular Science, Queen's University of Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block A, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Ireland
| | - J Graham McGeown
- Centre for Vision and Vascular Science, Queen's University of Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block A, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Ireland
| | - Timothy M Curtis
- Centre for Vision and Vascular Science, Queen's University of Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block A, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Ireland
| | - Balamurali K Ambati
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang X, Jin H, Liu K, Gu Q, Xu X. A novel peptide derived from human pancreatitis-associated protein inhibits inflammation in vivo and in vitro and blocks NF-kappa B signaling pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29155. [PMID: 22195011 PMCID: PMC3237597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) is a pancreatic secretory protein belongs to the group VII of C-type lectin family. Emerging evidence suggests that PAP plays a protective effect in inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we newly identified a 16-amino-acid peptide (named PAPep) derived from C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) of human PAP with potent anti-inflammatory activity using both in vivo and in vitro assays. Methodology/Principal Findings We assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of PAPep on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats and demonstrated that intravitreal pretreatment of PAPep concentration-dependently attenuated clinical manifestation of EIU rats, reduced protein leakage and cell infiltration into the aqueous humor (AqH), suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 production in ocular tissues, and improved histopathologic manifestation of EIU. Furthermore, PAPep suppressed the LPS-induced mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells, inhibited protein expression of ICAM-1 in TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as U937 cells adhesion to HUVECs. Western blot analysis in ocular tissues and different cell lines revealed that the possible mechanism for this anti-inflammatory effect of PAPep may depend on its ability to inhibit the activation of NF-kB signaling pathway. Conclusions/Significance Our studies provide the first evidence that the sequence of PAPep is within the critically active region for the anti-inflammatory function of PAP and the peptide may be a promising candidate for the management of ocular inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyi Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miyashita H, Tagawa S, Takeda H, Higashide T, Sugiyama K. Comparison between stereo angiographic findings and histopathologic findings in endotoxin-induced uveitis. Curr Eye Res 2009; 34:536-42. [PMID: 19899966 DOI: 10.1080/02713680902936163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To carry out a three-dimensional analysis of uveitis using stereo angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endotoxin-induced uveitis was induced by injecting lipopolysaccharide into the rat footpad, and the findings of stereo angiography with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope were compared to histopathologic results. RESULTS On day 2, multiple hyperfluorescent spots were observed by indocyanine green stereo angiography, which appeared to be in the superficial layer of the retina. Histopathologic findings showed infiltration of leukocytes into the corresponding area, which was the retinal nerve fiber layer. CONCLUSIONS Stereo angiography was considered useful for three-dimensional analysis of uveitis lesions in the retina and choroid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Miyashita
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. hiro
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Noda K, Nakao S, Zandi S, Engelstädter V, Mashima Y, Hafezi-Moghadam A. Vascular adhesion protein-1 regulates leukocyte transmigration rate in the retina during diabetes. Exp Eye Res 2009; 89:774-81. [PMID: 19635478 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 06/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an endothelial adhesion molecule that possesses semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity and is involved in leukocyte recruitment. Leukocyte adhesion to retinal vessels is a predominant feature of experimentally induced diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the role of VAP-1 in this process is unknown. Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of Streptozotocin in Long-Evans rats. The specific inhibitor of VAP-1, UV-002, was administered by daily i.p. injections. The expression of VAP-1 mRNA in the retinal extracts of normal and diabetic animals was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Firm leukocyte adhesion was quantified in retinal flatmounts after intravascular staining with concanavalin A (ConA). Leukocyte transmigration rate was quantified by in vivo acridine orange leukocyte staining (AOLS). In diabetic rats, the rate of leukocyte transmigration into the retinal tissues of live animals was significantly increased, as determined by AOLS. When diabetic animals were treated with daily injections of the VAP-1 inhibitor (0.3 mg/kg), leukocyte transmigration rate was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). However, firm adhesion of leukocytes in diabetic animals treated with the inhibitor did not differ significantly from vehicle-treated diabetic controls. This work provides evidence for an important role of VAP-1 in the recruitment of leukocyte to the retina in experimental DR. Our results reveal the critical contribution of VAP-1 to leukocyte transmigration, with little impact on firm leukocyte adhesion in the retinas of diabetic animals. VAP-1 inhibition might be beneficial in the treatment of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kousuke Noda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Iwama D, Miyahara S, Tamura H, Miyamoto K, Hirose F, Yoshimura N. Lack of inducible nitric oxide synthases attenuates leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in retinal microcirculation. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:694-8. [PMID: 18441175 PMCID: PMC2569143 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.131151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) on inflammatory reactions during endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in mice by studying leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions. Methods: EIU was produced in immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mice and C57BL/6 (normal) mice by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide. Leukocytes were labelled with acridine orange. Leukocyte rolling in the retinal microcirculation was evaluated in vivo with acridine orange digital fluorography. The number of migrated leukocytes was counted in flat-mounted retina. Results: Both leukocyte rolling and migration peaked at 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. The maximal numbers of rolling leukocytes in the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mouse retina decreased by 98.2% (p<0.001) compared with that in the normal mouse retina at 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. In addition, the maximal numbers of migrated leukocytes in the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mouse retina decreased by 74.0% (p<0.001) compared with that in the normal mouse retina at 24 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. Furthermore, the diameters of major retinal veins of the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− group were smaller at both 24 and 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection than were those of the normal group (p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: A lack of iNOS suppresses leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in the retinas of mice with EIU. This suggests that iNOS may play a role in the management of patients with uveitis and other inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Iwama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Miyahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - H Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - F Hirose
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N Yoshimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Noda K, Miyahara S, Nakazawa T, Almulki L, Nakao S, Hisatomi T, She H, Thomas KL, Garland RC, Miller JW, Gragoudas ES, Kawai Y, Mashima Y, Hafezi‐Moghadam A. Inhibition of vascular adhesion protein‐1 suppresses endotoxin‐induced uveitis. FASEB J 2007; 22:1094-103. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-9377com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kousuke Noda
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Shinsuke Miyahara
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Lama Almulki
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Shintaro Nakao
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Toshio Hisatomi
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Haicheng She
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kennard L. Thomas
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rebecca C. Garland
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joan W. Miller
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Evangelos S. Gragoudas
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Ali Hafezi‐Moghadam
- Department of OphthalmologyMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nakazawa T, Hisatomi T, Nakazawa C, Noda K, Maruyama K, She H, Matsubara A, Miyahara S, Nakao S, Yin Y, Benowitz L, Hafezi-Moghadam A, Miller JW. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mediates retinal detachment-induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:2425-30. [PMID: 17284607 PMCID: PMC1892947 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608167104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptor apoptosis is a major cause of visual loss in retinal detachment (RD) and several other visual disorders, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) was reported in vitreous humor samples of patients with RD and diabetic retinopathy as well as in the brain tissues of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Here we report that MCP-1 plays a critical role in mediating photoreceptor apoptosis in an experimental model of RD. RD led to increased MCP-1 expression in the Müller glia and increased CD11b+ macrophage/microglia in the detached retina. An MCP-1 blocking antibody greatly reduced macrophage/microglia infiltration and RD-induced photoreceptor apoptosis. Confirming these results, MCP-1 gene-deficient mice showed significantly reduced macrophage/microglia infiltration after RD and very little photoreceptor apoptosis. In primary retinal mixed cultures, MCP-1 was cytotoxic for recoverin+ photoreceptors, and this toxicity was eliminated through immunodepleting macrophage/microglia from the culture. In vivo, deletion of the gene encoding CD11b/CD18 nearly eliminated macrophage/microglia infiltration to the retina after RD and the loss of photoreceptors. Thus, MCP-1 expression and subsequent macrophage/microglia infiltration and activation are critical for RD-induced photoreceptor apoptosis. This pathway may be an important therapeutic target for preventing photoreceptor apoptosis in RD and other CNS diseases that share a common etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Nakazawa
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshio Hisatomi
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Chifuyu Nakazawa
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Kosuke Noda
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Kazuichi Maruyama
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Haicheng She
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Akihisa Matsubara
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Shinsuke Miyahara
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Shintaro Nakao
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Yuqin Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology Program, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Larry Benowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology Program, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and
| | - Ali Hafezi-Moghadam
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
| | - Joan W. Miller
- *Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, and
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Miyahara S, Kiryu J, Miyamoto K, Hirose F, Tamura H, Yoshimura N. Alteration of Leukocyte–Endothelial Cell Interaction During Aging in Retinal Microcirculation of Hypertensive Rats. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006; 50:509-514. [PMID: 17180524 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-006-0368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension, one of the more common chronic diseases affecting the elderly, has been reported to influence leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction. The leukocyte-mediated inflammatory process contributes to age-related changes in vessels. This study was designed to evaluate age-related changes in leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in the hypertensive rat retina. METHODS Male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR; 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 20 months of age) and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used. The number of accumulated leukocytes was counted in sections of flat-mounted retinal tissue. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and CD18 (the common beta-chain of ICAM-1 ligands) was evaluated. Retinal thickness was evaluated histologically. RESULTS The number of accumulated leukocytes and the expression of ICAM-1 and CD18 increased in the aged retina. The number of leukocytes that accumulated and the expression of CD 18 were significantly higher in the SHR group than in the WKY group (P < 0.01). In addition, retinal thickness decreased with age. CONCLUSION Leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction increased in the aged retina and these changes were more severe in SHR retina than in WKY retina. This increased interaction was first observed at 3 months, a relatively young age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Miyahara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Kiryu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Miyamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Hirose
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nagahisa Yoshimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang SX, Wang JJ, Gao G, Shao C, Mott R, Ma JX. Pigment epithelium‐derived factor (PEDF) is an endogenous antiinflammatory factor. FASEB J 2005; 20:323-5. [PMID: 16368716 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4313fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent angiogenic inhibitor. Reduced PEDF levels are associated with diabetic retinopathy. However, the mechanism for the protective effects of PEDF against diabetic retinopathy (DR) is presently unclear. As inflammation plays a role in DR, the present study determined the effect of PEDF on inflammation. Western blot analysis and ELISA demonstrated that retinal and plasma PEDF levels were drastically decreased in rats with endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU), which suggests that PEDF is a negative acute-phase protein. Intravitreal injection of PEDF significantly reduced vascular hyper-permeability in rat models of diabetes and oxygen-induced retinopathy, correlating with the decreased levels of retinal inflammatory factors, including VEGF, VEGF receptor-2, MCP-1, TNF-alpha, and ICAM-1. In cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells, PEDF significantly decreased TNF-alpha and ICAM-1 expression under hypoxia. Moreover, down-regulation of PEDF expression by siRNA resulted in significantly increases of VEGF and TNF-alpha secretion in retinal Müller cells. These findings suggest that PEDF is a novel endogenous anti-inflammatory factor in the eye. The decrease of ocular PEDF levels may contribute to inflammation and vascular leakage in DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah X Zhang
- Department of Medicine Endocrinology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|