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Qin B, Li LP, Xu QD, Lei Y, Chen YH. Identification of a circulating three-miRNA panel for the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:176. [PMID: 38619629 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) needs a combination of ophthalmic examinations. An efficient assay is urgently needed for a timely POAG diagnosis. We aim to explore differential expressions of circulating microRNAs (miRNA) and provide novel miRNA biomarkers for POAG diagnosis. METHODS A total of 180 POAG patients and 210 age-related cataract (ARC) patients were enrolled. We collected aqueous humor (AH) and plasma samples from the recruited patients. The expressions of candidate miRNAs were measured using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic ability of candidate miRNAs was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS The expressions of miR-21-5p and miR-29b-3p were downregulated significantly in AH and plasma of POAG and miR-24-3p expression was significantly increased in AH and plasma of POAG, comparing with those of ARC. A three-miRNA panel was constructed by a binary logistic regression. And the panel could differentiate between POAG and ARC with an area under the curve of 0.8867 (sensitivity = 78.0%, specificity = 83.3%) in aqueous humor and 0.7547 (sensitivity = 73.8%, specificity = 81.2%) in plasma. Next, we verified the three-miRNA panel working as a potential diagnostic biomarker stable and reliable. At last, we identified related function and regulation pathways in vitro. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we built and identified a circulating three-miRNA panel as a potential diagnostic biomarker for POAG. It may be developed into an efficient assay and help improve the POAG diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Li-Ping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qing-Dan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuan Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Fudan University), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Fudan University), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China.
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2
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Yu HS, Hong EH, Kang JH, Lee YW, Lee WJ, Kang MH, Cho H, Shin YU, Seong M. Expression of microRNAs related to apoptosis in the aqueous humor and lens capsule of patients with glaucoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1288854. [PMID: 38449883 PMCID: PMC10917207 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1288854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to investigate the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) related to apoptosis in the aqueous humor (AH) and lens capsule (LC) of patients with glaucoma. Methods AH and LC samples were collected from patients with open-angle glaucoma and control participants who were scheduled for cataract surgery. A miRNA PCR array comprising 84 miRNAs was used to analyze the AH (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 3) and LC samples (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 4). Additionally, the AH and LC samples (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 4) were subjected to quantitative real-time PCR to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs determined using the PCR array. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the interactions between miRNAs and diseases. Additionally, the differential expression of these miRNAs and the target gene was validated through in vitro experiments using a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) model. Results Expression levels of 19 and 3 miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the AH and LC samples of the glaucoma group, respectively (p < 0.05). Of these, the expression levels of hsa-miR-193a-5p and hsa-miR-222-3p showed significant differences in both AH and LC samples. Bioinformatics analysis showed experimentally validated 8 miRNA:gene pairs. Among them, PTEN was selected to analyze the expression level in AH and LC from separate cohort (glaucoma, n = 5; control, n = 4). The result showed downregulation of PTEN concurrent with upregulation of the two miRNAs in LC samples of glaucoma group. In vitro experiments validated that the expression levels of hsa-miR-193a-5p and hsa-miR-222-3p were significantly upregulated, and that of PTEN was significantly downregulated in the H2O2-treated RGC, while the level of PTEN was recovered through co-treatment with miR-193a inhibitor or miR-222 inhibitor. Conclusion This is the first study to investigate the differential expression of apoptosis-related miRNAs in the AH and LC of patients with glaucoma. Hsa-miR-193a-5p and hsa-miR-222-3p, which were upregulated in both AH and LC, may be considered potential biomarkers for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Seon Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Woo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangwon National University Graduate School of Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won June Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoon Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- NOON Eye Clinic, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Un Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mincheol Seong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- NOON Eye Clinic, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kapuganti RS, Alone DP. Current understanding of genetics and epigenetics in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and glaucoma. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 94:101214. [PMID: 37729850 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation is a complex, progressive, and systemic age-related disorder. The early stage of deposition of extracellular fibrillar material on ocular and extraocular tissues is termed as pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEXS). The severe advanced stage is known as pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG), which involves increased intraocular pressure and optic nerve damage. Through genome-wide association and candidate gene studies, PEX has been associated with numerous genetic risk variants in various gene loci. However, the genetic basis of the disease fails to explain certain features of PEX pathology, such as the progressive nature of the disease, asymmetric ocular manifestation, age-related onset, and only a subset of PEXS individuals developing PEXG. Increasing evidence shows an interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors in the pathology of complex, multifactorial diseases. In this review, we have discussed the genetic basis of the disease and the emerging contribution of epigenetic regulations in PEX pathogenesis, focusing on DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Aberrant methylation patterns, histone modifications, and post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs lead to aberrant gene expression changes. We have reviewed these aberrant epigenetic changes in PEX pathology and their effect on molecular pathways associated with PEX. We have further discussed some possible genetic/epigenetic-based diagnoses and therapeutics for PEX. Although studies to understand the role of epigenetic regulations in PEX are just emerging, epigenetic modifications contribute significantly to PEX pathogenesis and may pave the way for better and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramani Shyam Kapuganti
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Debasmita Pankaj Alone
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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4
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Xu M, Wang Y, Zhou J, Zhang X, Yu Y, Li K. MicroRNA-93 promotes the pathogenesis of glaucoma by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases as well as up-regulating extracellular matrix and Rho/ROCK signaling pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22012. [PMID: 38045197 PMCID: PMC10689882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect and potential molecular mechanism of microRNA-93 (miR-93) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis as well as retinal damage in acute glaucoma mice. Methods RGCs apoptosis were induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R). The pro-apoptotic effect of miR-93 was evaluated by transfecting miR-93 mimics or miR-93 inhibitor into OGD/R-induced RGCs. The viability and apoptosis of RGCs were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Mouse model of acute glaucoma were successfully induced via high intraocular pressure (IOP), and then these model animals were randomly divided into vehicle group, miR-93 mimics group or miR-93 inhibitor group (n = 10), using healthy mice as normal control. Histopathologic changes of retinal tissue were evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining method. Moreover, cell counts of retinal ganglion cell layer and mean thickness of different layers were also determined. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of extracellular matrix (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. Results miR-93 mimics significantly decreased or promoted the viability and apoptosis of OGD/R-induced RGCs, respectively. In addition, miR-93 mimics significantly exacerbated the degree of retinal tissue damage in mice with acute glaucoma, which was accompanied by a decrease in the number of ganglion cell layer (GCL) cells and the thickness of different tissue layers. Moreover, miR-93 mimics significantly increased IOP in mice with acute glaucoma. Significantly, miR-93 inhibitors significantly reversed the above changes. In addition, results of Western blot analysis showed that miR-93 mimics increased and decreased the expression of ECM-associated and MMP-associated proteins, respectively, by activating the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. In contrast, miR-93 significantly decreased and increased the expression of ECM-associated and MMP-associated proteins, and suppressed the expression of Rho/ROCK signaling pathway-related proteins. Conclusion miR-93 can promote the development of glaucoma by activating Rho/ROCK signaling pathway to mediate the accumulation of ECM-related proteins as well as the down-regulation of MMP-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhua Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanxi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yinggui Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kaiming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
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Dobrzycka M, Sulewska A, Biecek P, Charkiewicz R, Karabowicz P, Charkiewicz A, Golaszewska K, Milewska P, Michalska-Falkowska A, Nowak K, Niklinski J, Konopińska J. miRNA Studies in Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14699. [PMID: 37834147 PMCID: PMC10572595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to irreversible blindness, remains a challenge because of its complex nature. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and are associated with glaucoma and other diseases. We aimed to review and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of miRNA-focused molecular studies in glaucoma through discussing their potential as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis; offering insights into molecular pathways and mechanisms; and discussing their potential utility with respect to personalized medicine, their therapeutic potential, and non-invasive monitoring. Limitations, such as variability, small sample sizes, sample specificity, and limited accessibility to ocular tissues, are also addressed, underscoring the need for robust protocols and collaboration. Reproducibility and validation are crucial to establish the credibility of miRNA research findings, and the integration of bioinformatics tools for miRNA database creation is a valuable component of a comprehensive approach to investigate miRNA aberrations in patients with glaucoma. Overall, miRNA research in glaucoma has provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease, offering potential biomarkers, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic targets. However, addressing challenges such as variability and limited tissue accessibility is essential, and further investigations and validation will contribute to a deeper understanding of the functional significance of miRNAs in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Dobrzycka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (A.C.); (J.N.)
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-369 Bialystok, Poland;
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.M.-F.)
| | - Piotr Karabowicz
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.M.-F.)
| | - Angelika Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (A.C.); (J.N.)
| | - Kinga Golaszewska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Patrycja Milewska
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.M.-F.)
| | | | - Karolina Nowak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (A.C.); (J.N.)
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (K.G.)
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6
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Tan C, Shi W, Zhang Y, Liu C, Hu T, Chen D, Huang J. MiR-93-5p inhibits retinal neurons apoptosis by regulating PDCD4 in acute ocular hypertension model. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201732. [PMID: 37308277 PMCID: PMC10262076 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the effect of miR-93-5p on apoptosis of retinal neurons in acute ocular hypertension (AOH) model by regulating PDCD4 and explored its related mechanism. We detected that miR-93-5p expression was decreased and PDCD4 expression was increased in the AOH retina by qRT-PCR. Therefore, we explored the role of miR-93-5p and PDCD4. MiR-93-5p overexpression inhibited the apoptosis of retinal neurons and the expression of PDCD4 in vivo and in vitro. Inhibiting the expression of PDCD4 via transfected interfering RNA decreased the apoptosis of retinal cells and increased the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins in vitro. However, the addition of PI3K protein inhibitor LY294002 reversed this effect, leading to a decrease of PI3K/Akt pathway protein expression and an increase of apoptosis-related protein Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. Finally, up-regulating miR-93-5p or down-regulating PDCD4 increased the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway protein in vivo. In conclusion, under the condition of AOH injury, miR-93-5p-inhibiting PDCD4 expression reduced the apoptosis of retinal neurons by activating PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tu Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
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7
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Sp S, Mitra RN, Zheng M, Chrispell JD, Wang K, Kwon YS, Weiss ER, Han Z. Gene augmentation for autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa using rhodopsin genomic loci nanoparticles in the P23H +/- knock-in murine model. Gene Ther 2023; 30:628-640. [PMID: 36935427 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy for autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) is challenged by the dominant inheritance of the mutant genes, which would seemingly require a combination of mutant suppression and wild-type replacement of the appropriate gene. We explore the possibility that delivery of a nanoparticle (NP)-mediated full-length mouse genomic rhodopsin (gRho) or human genomic rhodopsin (gRHO) locus can overcome the dominant negative effects of the mutant rhodopsin in the clinically relevant P23H+/--knock-in heterozygous mouse model. Our results demonstrate that mice in both gRho and gRHO NP-treated groups exhibit significant structural and functional recovery of the rod photoreceptors, which lasted for 3 months post-injection, indicating a promising reduction in photoreceptor degeneration. We performed miRNA transcriptome analysis using next generation sequencing and detected differentially expressed miRNAs as a first step towards identifying miRNAs that could potentially be used as rhodopsin gene expression enhancers or suppressors for sustained photoreceptor rescue. Our results indicate that delivering an intact genomic locus as a transgene has a greater chance of success compared to the use of the cDNA for treatment of this model of adRP, emphasizing the importance of gene augmentation using a gDNA that includes regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simna Sp
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Rajendra N Mitra
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jared D Chrispell
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yong-Su Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ellen R Weiss
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zongchao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Carolina Institute for NanoMedicine, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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8
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Zhang J, Li P, Sun L, Jiang N, Guo W, Wang J, Gao F, Li J, Li H, Zhang J, Mu H, Hu Y, Cui X. Knockout of miR-184 in zebrafish leads to ocular abnormalities by elevating p21 levels. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22927. [PMID: 37086087 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300067r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
miR-184 is one of the most abundant miRNAs expressed in the lens and corneal tissue. Mutations in the seed region of miR-184 are responsible for inherited anterior segment dysgenesis. Animal models recapitulating miR-184-related anterior segment dysgenesis are still lacking, and the molecular basis of ocular abnormalities caused by miR-184 dysfunction has not been well elucidated in vivo. In the present study, we constructed a miR-184-/- zebrafish line by destroying both two dre-mir-184 paralogs with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Although there were no gross developmental defects, the miR-184-/- zebrafish displayed microphthalmia and cataract phenotypes. Cytoskeletal abnormalities, aggregation of γ-crystallin, and lens fibrosis were induced in miR-184-/- lenses. However, no obvious corneal abnormalities were observed in miR-184-/- zebrafish. Instead of apoptosis, deficiency of miR-184 led to aberrant cell proliferation and a robust increase in p21 levels in zebrafish eyes. Inhibition of p21 by UC2288 compromised the elevation of lens fibrosis markers in miR-184-/- lenses. RNA-seq demonstrated that levels of four transcriptional factors HSF4, Sox9a, CTCF, and Smad6a, all of which could suppress p21 expression, were reduced in miR-184-/- eyes. The predicted zebrafish miR-184 direct target genes (e.g., atp1a3a and nck2a) were identified and verified in miR-184-/- eye tissues. The miR-184-/- zebrafish is the first animal model mimicking miR-184-related anterior segment dysgenesis and could broaden our understanding of the roles of miR-184 in eye development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ping Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Luqian Sun
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenya Guo
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jungai Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fen Gao
- Kaifeng Key Lab of Myopia and Cataract, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jing Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hongmei Mu
- Kaifeng Key Lab of Myopia and Cataract, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiukun Cui
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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9
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Rezaei M, Faramarzpour M, Shobeiri P, Seyedmirzaei H, Sarasyabi MS, Dabiri S. A systematic review, meta-analysis, and network analysis of diagnostic microRNAs in glaucoma. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:137. [PMID: 36973823 PMCID: PMC10041737 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative process of the optic nerve that is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and early diagnosis of the disease could greatly affect patients' prognoses. The pathophysiology of glaucoma is complicated by a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors. Deciphering the early diagnostic biomarkers in glaucoma could attenuate the disease's global burden and help us understand the exact mechanisms involved in glaucoma. The microRNAs are members of a larger family of non-coding RNAs that play an essential role in the epigenetic basis of glaucoma. A systematic study and meta-analysis of diagnostic microRNAs in glaucoma, jointly with network analysis of target genes, were carried out on published papers assessing differentially expressed microRNAs in human subjects. In total, 321 articles were found, and, after screening, six studies were eligible for further analysis. 52 differentially expressed microRNAs were found, of which 28 and 24 were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Only 12 microRNAs were qualified for meta-analysis, with overall sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 74%, respectively. Then, using network analysis, it became apparent that the VEGF-A, AKT1, CXCL12, and HRAS genes were the most important targets for the microRNAs. Perturbations in WNT signaling, protein transport, and extracellular matrix organization pathways were discovered to be important in the etiology of glaucoma using the community detection approach. This study tries to uncover the promising microRNAs and their target genes that govern the epigenetics of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Rezaei
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Faramarzpour
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Parnian Shobeiri
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifi Sarasyabi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Radiology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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10
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Twenty Novel MicroRNAs in the Aqueous Humor of Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma Patients. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050737. [PMID: 36899874 PMCID: PMC10000531 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs (19-25 nt) that regulate the level of gene expression at the post-transcriptional stage. Altered miRNAs expression can lead to the development of various diseases, e.g., pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG). In this study, we assessed the levels of miRNA expression in the aqueous humor of PEXG patients using the expression microarray method. Twenty new miRNA molecules have been selected as having the potential to be associated with the development or progression of PEXG. Ten miRNAs were downregulated in PEXG (hsa-miR-95-5p, hsa-miR-515-3p, hsa-mir-802, hsa-miR-1205, hsa-miR-3660, hsa-mir-3683, hsa -mir-3936, hsa-miR-4774-5p, hsa-miR-6509-3p, hsa-miR-7843-3p) and ten miRNAs were upregulated in PEXG (hsa-miR-202 -3p, hsa-miR-3622a-3p, hsa-mir-4329, hsa-miR-4524a-3p, hsa-miR-4655-5p, hsa-mir-6071, hsa-mir-6723-5p, hsa-miR-6847-5p, hsa-miR-8074, and hsa-miR-8083). Functional analysis and enrichment analysis showed that the mechanisms that can be regulated by these miRNAs are: extracellular matrix (ECM) imbalance, cell apoptosis (possibly retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)), autophagy, and elevated calcium cation levels. Nevertheless, the exact molecular basis of PEXG is unknown and further research is required on this topic.
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11
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Choi YA, Jeong A, Woo CH, Cha SC, Park DY, Sagong M. Aqueous microRNA profiling in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy by next-generation sequencing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1274. [PMID: 36690666 PMCID: PMC9870898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many studies demonstrated the differences of clinical features, natural course, and response to treatment between typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), differential microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in the aqueous humor (AH) between them has not been reported yet. We investigated the roles of miRNAs in the AH of patients with typical AMD and PCV using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Target genes and predicted pathways of miRNAs were investigated via pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. A total of 161 miRNAs from eyes with typical AMD and 185 miRNAs from eyes with PCV were differentially expressed. 33 miRNAs were commonly upregulated, and 77 miRNAs were commonly downregulated in both typical AMD and PCV groups. Among them, hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-374c-3p, and hsa-miR-200a-5p were differentially expressed and were predicted to regulate proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and adherens junction. The differential expression profiles and target gene regulation networks of AH miRNAs may contribute to the development of different pathological phenotypes in typical AMD and PCV. The results of this study provide novel insights into the pathogenesis, associated prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in AMD and PCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong A Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea
- Yeungnam Eye Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Areum Jeong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea
- Yeungnam Eye Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Woo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Soon Cheol Cha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea
- Yeungnam Eye Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Do Young Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea
- Yeungnam Eye Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Sagong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, #170 Hyunchungro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, South Korea.
- Yeungnam Eye Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
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12
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Huang Y, Chen X, Zhuang J, Yu K. The Role of Retinal Dysfunction in Myopia Development. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01309-1. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Application Progress of High-Throughput Sequencing in Ocular Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123485. [PMID: 35743555 PMCID: PMC9225376 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular diseases affect multiple eye parts and can be caused by pathogenic infections, complications of systemic diseases, genetics, environment, and old age. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of eye diseases and improving their diagnosis and treatment are critical for preventing any adverse consequences of these diseases. Recently, the advancement of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has paved wide prospects for identifying the pathogenesis, signaling pathways, and biomarkers involved in eye diseases. Due to the advantages of HTS in nucleic acid sequence recognition, HTS has not only identified several normal ocular surface microorganisms but has also discovered many pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses associated with eye diseases, including rare pathogens that were previously difficult to identify. At present, HTS can directly sequence RNA, which will promote research on the occurrence, development, and underlying mechanism of eye diseases. Although HTS has certain limitations, including low effectiveness, contamination, and high cost, it is still superior to traditional diagnostic methods for its efficient and comprehensive diagnosis of ocular diseases. This review summarizes the progress of the application of HTS in ocular diseases, intending to explore the pathogenesis of eye diseases and improve their diagnosis.
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14
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Saiyed AN, Vasavada AR, Johar SRK. Recent trends in miRNA therapeutics and the application of plant miRNA for prevention and treatment of human diseases. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022; 8:24. [PMID: 35382490 PMCID: PMC8972743 DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Researchers now have a new avenue to investigate when it comes to miRNA-based therapeutics. miRNAs have the potential to be valuable biomarkers for disease detection. Variations in miRNA levels may be able to predict changes in normal physiological processes. At the epigenetic level, miRNA has been identified as a promising candidate for distinguishing and treating various diseases and defects. Main body In recent pharmacology, plants miRNA-based drugs have demonstrated a potential role in drug therapeutics. The purpose of this review paper is to discuss miRNA-based therapeutics, the role of miRNA in pharmacoepigenetics modulations, plant miRNA inter-kingdom regulation, and the therapeutic value and application of plant miRNA for cross-kingdom approaches. Target prediction and complementarity with host genes, as well as cross-kingdom gene interactions with plant miRNAs, are also revealed by bioinformatics research. We also show how plant miRNA can be transmitted from one species to another by crossing kingdom boundaries in this review. Despite several unidentified barriers to plant miRNA cross-transfer, plant miRNA-based gene regulation in trans-kingdom gene regulation may soon be valued as a possible approach in plant-based drug therapeutics. Conclusion This review summarised the biochemical synthesis of miRNAs, pharmacoepigenetics, drug therapeutics and miRNA transkingdom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyabanu N. Saiyed
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
- Ph.D. scholar of Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India
| | - Abhay R. Vasavada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
| | - S. R. Kaid Johar
- Department of Zoology, BMTC, Human Genetics, USSC, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India
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15
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Li Q, Zheng Q, He J, Li L, Xie X, Liang H. Hsa-miR-142-3p reduces collagen I in human scleral fibroblasts by targeting TGF-β1 in high myopia. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109023. [PMID: 35276183 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
High myopia has been continually increasing globally until now and often results in visual impairment. Scleral extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is considered a common factor contributing to progression of myopia. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating scleral ECM organization is not well understood. We aimed to explore the effect and regulatory mechanism of hsa-miR-142-3p on collagen I in human scleral fibroblasts in high myopia. First, next-generation sequencing was conducted to identify 37 miRNAs differentially expressed in the aqueous humor of high myopia samples and control samples. Furthermore, hsa-miR-142-3p in the aqueous humor was found to positively relate to the ocular axial length. Besides, the results of immunofluorescence and Western blot assay indicated that hsa-miR-142-3p overexpression decreased collagen I expression in the human fetal scleral fibroblasts (HFSFs); while hsa-miR-142-3p downregulation increased collagen I. Moreover, hsa-miR-142-3p targets TGFβ-1 gene expression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analysis showed that miRNA 142-3p reduced TGFβ-1 expression while an inhibitor had an opposite effect. Therefore, there is an inverse relationship between changes in miR-142-3p expression levels and those of collagen1a1 in human scleral fibroblasts. Such a dependence suggests that miR-142-3p may be a target to improve therapeutic management of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Qianyun Zheng
- Nanning Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling Li
- Nanning Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, China
| | - Xiangyong Xie
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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16
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Chakraborty M, Rao A. Alternate Causes for Pathogenesis of Exfoliation Glaucoma, a Multifactorial Elastotic Disorder: A Literature Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1191-1202. [PMID: 35723301 PMCID: PMC8946964 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is the most recognizable form of secondary open-angle glaucoma associated with a high risk of blindness. This disease is characterized by white flaky granular deposits in the anterior chamber that leads to the elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and subsequent glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Conventionally, XFG is known to respond poorly to medical therapy, and surgical intervention is the only management option in most cases. Various genetic and nongenetic factors are known to be linked to the development of XFG. Despite decades of research on the genetic factors in exfoliation syndrome (XFS) by study groups and global consortia involving different ethnic populations, the pathogenesis of XFS and the mechanism of onset of glaucoma still remains an unsolved mystery. The key lies in understanding how the function of a gene (or set of genes) is altered by environmental triggers, along with other molecular events that underlie the key disease attributes, namely, oxidative stress and the disruption of the blood–aqueous barrier (BAB). It remains a challenge to evolve a theory encompassing all factions of molecular events occurring independently or parallelly that determine the disease manifestation (phenotype) or the stage of the disease in the eye (or in any tissue) in exfoliation. Our enhanced understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology of XFG, beyond the known genes or polymorphisms involved in the disease, will lead to improved diagnosis and management and the ability to recognize how the environment influences these key events that lead to the disease phenotype or disease progression. This review summarizes the recent observations and discoveries of four key factors that may hold the answers to the non-lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) mechanisms behind XFG pathogenesis, namely, the epigenetic factor miRNA, disordered autophagy along with the potential involvement of mitochondrial mutations, and a compromised aqueous–blood barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmun Chakraborty
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation (HERF), L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India;
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Aparna Rao
- Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation (HERF), L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India;
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
- Correspondence:
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17
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Reinehr S, Mueller-Buehl AM, Tsai T, Joachim SC. Specific Biomarkers in the Aqueous Humour of Glaucoma Patients. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022; 239:169-176. [PMID: 35211939 DOI: 10.1055/a-1690-7468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma, a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, is the second most common cause of blindness. Since early diagnosis facilitates timely treatment, it is therefore essential to identify appropriate markers. In the future, so-called biomarkers could be helpful in early detection and follow-up. In glaucoma, these parameters could be obtained in the aqueous humour. Altered antibodies, proteins, microRNA (miRNA) and trace element levels have already been identified. This review provides insight into possible changes in the aqueous humour of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG). Studies on antibody changes in POAG patients identified an upregulation of immune system associated antibodies such as heat shock protein (HSP) 27. HSP27 was also upregulated in PEXG patients but decreased in NTG. In POAG and PEXG samples, the levels of certain proteins, including interleukins and endothelin-1, were elevated. The vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 may play a role in regulating intraocular pressure. By contrast, proteins playing a role in the response to oxidative stress were downregulated. In NTG patients, proteins responsible for the elimination of toxic by-products from the respiratory chain were downregulated. In addition, the aqueous humour of POAG and PEXG patients contained several miRNAs that have been linked to tissue development, neurological disease and cellular organisation. Other miRNAs regulated in glaucoma play a role in extracellular matrix remodelling and thus may affect drainage resistance in the trabecular meshwork. It is also interesting to note that the aqueous humour of glaucoma patients showed changes in the levels of trace elements such as zinc and selenium. The elevated zinc levels could be responsible for the imbalance of intraocular matrix metalloproteinases and thus for increased intraocular pressure. All these studies demonstrate the complex changes in aqueous humour in glaucoma. Some of these biomarkers may be useful in the future for early diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Reinehr
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Deutschland
| | | | - Teresa Tsai
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Deutschland
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18
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Greene KM, Stamer WD, Liu Y. The role of microRNAs in glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2022; 215:108909. [PMID: 34968473 PMCID: PMC8923961 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the various microRNAs (miRNAs) shown to be involved in glaucoma and intraocular pressure regulation. miRNAs are short, single-stranded, and noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a number of physiological conditions and human diseases, including glaucoma. Numerous miRNAs display differential expression in glaucoma-affected tissues, such as aqueous humor, tears, trabecular meshwork, and retina analyzed from patients and animal models, suggesting their potential involvement in glaucoma pathogenesis. Several studies summarized here have also investigated the challenge of delivering intact miRNAs to target tissues in order to develop miRNA-based glaucoma therapies. We extend these reports by conducting an additional layer of analysis that integrates the interaction between glaucoma-related miRNAs and glaucoma-associated genes. We conclude with a comprehensive discussion of the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, the cellular pathways that link these miRNAs together, and the most promising miRNAs for future glaucoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karah M. Greene
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - W. Daniel Stamer
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 2351 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, United States,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
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19
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Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang R, Zhao K, Zhou J. MicroRNA-29a May Influence Myopia Development by Regulating Collagen I. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:468-476. [PMID: 34766525 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1998542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to characterize the regulatory role of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) in myopia, providing support for potential biomarkers and new therapeutic targets of myopia in humans. METHODS The miR-29a expression level was detected in the aqueous humor and peripheral blood plasma of 21 high myopic patients and eight cataract control patients using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. iTRAQ analysis of proteomes was conducted to show the regulatory effect of miR-29a on human scleral fibroblasts (SFs) cultured in vitro. We also assessed proliferation, migration, and collagen I synthesis in SF cells, mediated by miR-29a. RESULTS MiR-29a expression was significantly higher in the aqueous humor of highly myopic patients than in the cataract control patients (fold change: 4.861, p = 0.001). miR-29a inhibited the synthesis of type I collagen in human SF cells and enhanced cell migration, but had no significant effect on cell proliferation. CONCLUSION MiR-29a was highly expressed in aqueous humor of myopia patients and inhibited the synthesis of type I collagen in human SF cells in vivo, thereby it may play an important role in myopia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Run Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jibo Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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20
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Investigation of Key Signaling Pathways Associating miR-204 and Common Retinopathies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5568113. [PMID: 34646884 PMCID: PMC8505061 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5568113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a large group of small noncoding RNAs that work in multiple cellular pathways. miR-204, as one of the key axes in the development, maintenance, and pathogenesis of the retina, plays several roles by modulating its target genes. This study was aimed at evaluating the target genes of miR-204 involved in the development and progression of common retinopathies such as glaucoma, retinoblastoma, and age-related macular degeneration. In this study, three datasets related to retinopathies (GSE50195, GSE27276, and GSE97508) were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus. miR-204 target genes were isolated from TargeScan. The shares between retinopathy and miR-204 target genes were then categorized. Using Enrichr and STRING, we highlighted the signaling pathways and the relationships between the proteins. SHC1 events in ERBB2, adherent junction's interactions, NGF signaling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, IRF3-mediated activation of type 1 IFN, pathways in upregulated genes and G0 and early G1, RORA-activated gene expression, PERK-regulated gene expression, adherent junction's interactions, and CREB phosphorylation pathways in downregulated genes were identified in glaucoma, retinoblastoma, and age-related macular degeneration. WEE1, SMC2, HMGB1, RRM2, and POLA1 proteins were also observed to be involved in the progression and invasion of retinoblastoma; SLC24A2 and DTX4 in age-related macular degeneration; and EPHB6, EFNB3, and SHC1 in glaucoma. Continuous bioinformatics analysis has shown that miR-204 has a significant presence and expression in retinal tissue, and approximately 293 genes are controlled and regulated by miR-204 in this tissue; also, target genes of miR-204 have the potential to develop various retinopathies; thus, a study of related target genes can provide appropriate treatment strategies in the future.
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21
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Mead B, Kerr A, Nakaya N, Tomarev SI. miRNA Changes in Retinal Ganglion Cells after Optic Nerve Crush and Glaucomatous Damage. Cells 2021; 10:1564. [PMID: 34206213 PMCID: PMC8305746 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the miRNA profile of purified retinal ganglion cells (RGC) from healthy and diseased rat retina. Diseased retina includes those after a traumatic optic nerve crush (ONC), and after ocular hypertension/glaucoma. Rats were separated into four groups: healthy/intact, 7 days after laser-induced ocular hypertension, 2 days after traumatic ONC, and 7 days after ONC. RGC were purified from rat retina using microbeads conjugated to CD90.1/Thy1. RNA were sequenced using Next Generation Sequencing. Over 100 miRNA were identified that were significantly different in diseased retina compared to healthy retina. Considerable differences were seen in the miRNA expression of RGC 7 days after ONC, whereas after 2 days, few changes were seen. The miRNA profiles of RGC 7 days after ONC and 7 days after ocular hypertension were similar, but discrete miRNA differences were still seen. Candidate mRNA showing different levels of expression after retinal injury were manipulated in RGC cultures using mimics/AntagomiRs. Of the five candidate miRNA identified and subsequently tested for therapeutic efficacy, miR-194 inhibitor and miR-664-2 inhibitor elicited significant RGC neuroprotection, whereas miR-181a mimic and miR-181d-5p mimic elicited significant RGC neuritogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Mead
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Alicia Kerr
- Section of Retinal Ganglion Cell Biology, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Section of Retinal Ganglion Cell Biology, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Stanislav I. Tomarev
- Section of Retinal Ganglion Cell Biology, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.K.); (N.N.)
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22
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Hubens WHG, Krauskopf J, Beckers HJM, Kleinjans JCS, Webers CAB, Gorgels TGMF. Small RNA Sequencing of Aqueous Humor and Plasma in Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:24. [PMID: 34156425 PMCID: PMC8237107 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.7.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in aqueous humor (AH) and blood of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients by using small RNA sequencing. These may provide insight into POAG pathophysiology or serve as diagnostic biomarker. Methods AH and plasma of nine POAG patients and 10 cataract control patients were small RNA sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq 6000. Identification of gene transcripts targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs was done with miRWalk and MirPath. These targets were used for pathway analysis and Gene Ontology enrichment. Diagnostic potential was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics analysis. Results We identified 715 miRNAs in plasma and 62 miRNAs in AH. Plasma miRNA profile did not differ between POAG and control. In contrast, in AH, seven miRNAs were differentially expressed. Hsa-miR-30a-3p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-211-5p, and hsa-miR-221-3p were upregulated, whereas hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-451a, and hsa-miR-486-5p were downregulated in POAG. Compared to previous studies, hsa-mir-143-3p, hsa-miR-211-5p, and hsa-miR-221-3p were reported previously, strengthening their involvement in POAG whereas hsa-miR-30a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, and hsa-miR-486-5p are implicated in POAG for the first time. Identified gene transcripts were involved in several pathways, some implicated in glaucoma before (e.g., TGF-β and neurotrophin signaling), whereas others are new (e.g., prolactin and apelin signaling). In respect to diagnostics, AH concentration of hsa-mir-143-3p had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.889. Combined with hsa-miR-221-3p, AUC improved to 0.96. Conclusions Small RNA sequencing identified seven differentially expressed miRNAs in AH of POAG patients. The differentially expressed miRNAs may be useful as POAG biomarkers or could become targets for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H G Hubens
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Julian Krauskopf
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henny J M Beckers
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carroll A B Webers
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G M F Gorgels
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Carrella S, Massa F, Indrieri A. The Role of MicroRNAs in Mitochondria-Mediated Eye Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653522. [PMID: 34222230 PMCID: PMC8249810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The retina is among the most metabolically active tissues with high-energy demands. The peculiar distribution of mitochondria in cells of retinal layers is necessary to assure the appropriate energy supply for the transmission of the light signal. Photoreceptor cells (PRs), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) present a great concentration of mitochondria, which makes them particularly sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. To date, visual loss has been extensively correlated to defective mitochondrial functions. Many mitochondrial diseases (MDs) show indeed neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, including retinal and optic nerve phenotypes. Moreover, abnormal mitochondrial functions are frequently found in the most common retinal pathologies, i.e., glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), that share clinical similarities with the hereditary primary MDs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are established as key regulators of several developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. Dysregulated miRNA expression profiles in retinal degeneration models and in patients underline the potentiality of miRNA modulation as a possible gene/mutation-independent strategy in retinal diseases and highlight their promising role as disease predictive or prognostic biomarkers. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about the participation of miRNAs in both rare and common mitochondria-mediated eye diseases. Definitely, given the involvement of miRNAs in retina pathologies and therapy as well as their use as molecular biomarkers, they represent a determining target for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filomena Massa
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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24
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Raga-Cervera J, Bolarin JM, Millan JM, Garcia-Medina JJ, Pedrola L, Abellán-Abenza J, Valero-Vello M, Sanz-González SM, O’Connor JE, Galarreta-Mira D, Bendala-Tufanisco E, Mayordomo-Febrer A, Pinazo-Durán MD, Zanón-Moreno V. miRNAs and Genes Involved in the Interplay between Ocular Hypertension and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis Networks. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112227. [PMID: 34063878 PMCID: PMC8196557 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma has no cure and is a sight-threatening neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 100 million people worldwide, with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) being the most globally prevalent glaucoma clinical type. Regulation of gene expression and gene networks, and its multifactorial pathways involved in glaucoma disease are landmarks for ophthalmic research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small endogenous non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules (18–22 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression. An analytical, observational, case-control study was performed in 42 patients of both sexes, aged 50 to 80 years, which were classified according to: (1) suffering from ocular hypertension (OHT) but no glaucomatous neurodegeneration (ND) such as the OHT group, or (2) have been diagnosed of POAG such as the POAG group. Participants were interviewed for obtaining sociodemographic and personal/familial records, clinically examined, and their tear samples were collected and frozen at 80 °C until processing for molecular-genetic assays. Tear RNA extraction, libraries construction, and next generation sequencing were performed. Here, we demonstrated, for the first time, the differential expression profiling of eight miRNAs when comparing tears from the OHT versus the POAG groups: the miR-26b-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-30e-5p, miR-125b-2-5p, miR-224-5p, miR-151a-3p, miR-1307-3p, and the miR-27a-3p. Gene information was set up from the DIANA-TarBase v7, DIANA-microT-CDS, and TargetScan v7.1 databases. To build a network of metabolic pathways, only genes appearing in at least four of the following databases: DisGeNet, GeneDistiller, MalaCards, OMIM PCAN, UniProt, and GO were considered. We propose miRNAs and their target genes/signaling pathways as candidates for a better understanding of the molecular-genetic bases of glaucoma and, in this way, to gain knowledge to achieve optimal diagnosis strategies for properly identifying HTO at higher risk of glaucoma ND. Further research is needed to validate these miRNAs to discern the potential role as biomarkers involved in oxidative stress, immune response, and apoptosis for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of OHT and the prevention of glaucoma ND.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose M. Bolarin
- Technological Centre of Information and Communication Technologies (CENTIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.M.B.); (J.A.-A.)
| | - Jose M. Millan
- Sequencing Service at the University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Jose J. Garcia-Medina
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.G.-M.); (M.V.-V.); (M.D.P.-D.); (V.Z.-M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital “Morales Meseguer”, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
| | - Laia Pedrola
- Sequencing Service at the University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Javier Abellán-Abenza
- Technological Centre of Information and Communication Technologies (CENTIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain; (J.M.B.); (J.A.-A.)
| | - Mar Valero-Vello
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.G.-M.); (M.V.-V.); (M.D.P.-D.); (V.Z.-M.)
| | - Silvia M. Sanz-González
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.G.-M.); (M.V.-V.); (M.D.P.-D.); (V.Z.-M.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - José E. O’Connor
- Laboratory of Cytomics, Joint Research Unit Principe Felipe Research Center and University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - Elena Bendala-Tufanisco
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
- Mixed Research Unit for Visual Health and Veterinary Ophthalmology CEU/FISABIO, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, CEU University, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aloma Mayordomo-Febrer
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
- Mixed Research Unit for Visual Health and Veterinary Ophthalmology CEU/FISABIO, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, CEU University, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria D. Pinazo-Durán
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.G.-M.); (M.V.-V.); (M.D.P.-D.); (V.Z.-M.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Zanón-Moreno
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (J.J.G.-M.); (M.V.-V.); (M.D.P.-D.); (V.Z.-M.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research OFTARED RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-T.); (A.M.-F.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain
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25
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Kosior-Jarecka E, Czop M, Gasińska K, Wróbel-Dudzińska D, Zalewski DP, Bogucka-Kocka A, Kocki J, Żarnowski T. MicroRNAs in the aqueous humor of patients with different types of glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2337-2349. [PMID: 33929592 PMCID: PMC8352835 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to compare the frequency and the level of expression of selected miRNAs in the aqueous humor of patients with various types of glaucoma. Methods The studied group consisted of 42 patients with glaucoma: 19 with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 14 with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG), 9 with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and the control group of 36 patients with senile cataract without glaucoma. The real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used to analyze the expression of miRNAs. Results There were no significant differences in the frequency and the level of miRNA expression between various types of glaucoma. There was a tendency for hsa-miR-6722-3p and hsa-miR-184 to be expressed more frequently in PEXG and hsa-miR-1260b in POAG. The expression levels of hsa-miR-1260b and hsa-miR-6515-3p were correlated with age in POAG. Target annotation and functional analyses showed that genes targeted by the most frequently expressed miRNAs (hsa-miR-1202, -1260b, -184, -187-5p, -6515-3p, -6722-3p, and hsa-mir-4634) are involved mainly in response to hypoxia, cardiovascular system development, and apoptosis. Conclusion Hsa-miR-1260b was the most abundantly expressed among studied miRNAs and may be a potential biomarker of clinical status in PEXG and PACG. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00417-021-05214-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Gasińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel P Zalewski
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
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26
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The triad of nanotechnology, cell signalling, and scaffold implantation for the successful repair of damaged organs: An overview on soft-tissue engineering. J Control Release 2021; 332:460-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Tabak S, Schreiber-Avissar S, Beit-Yannai E. Crosstalk between MicroRNA and Oxidative Stress in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2421. [PMID: 33670885 PMCID: PMC7957693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a chronic neurodegenerative disease that damages the trabecular meshwork (TM) cells, inducing apoptosis of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC), deteriorating the optic nerve head, and leading to blindness. Aqueous humor (AH) outflow resistance and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation contribute to disease progression. Nevertheless, despite the existence of pharmacological and surgical treatments, there is room for the development of additional treatment approaches. The following review is aimed at investigating the role of different microRNAs (miRNAs) in the expression of genes and proteins involved in the regulation of inflammatory and degenerative processes, focusing on the delicate balance of synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) regulated by chronic oxidative stress in POAG related tissues. The neutralizing activity of a couple of miRNAs was described, suggesting effective downregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), Wnt/β-Catenin, and PI3K/AKT. In addition, with regards to the elevated IOP in many POAG patients due to increased outflow resistance, Collagen type I degradation was stimulated by some miRNAs and prevented ECM deposition in TM cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a consequence of oxidative stress was suppressed following exposure to different miRNAs. In contrast, increased oxidative damage by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway was described as part of the action of selected miRNAs. Summarizing, specific miRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets for lowering or preventing oxidative stress injury in POAG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elie Beit-Yannai
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (S.T.); (S.S.-A.)
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28
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Rong R, Wang M, You M, Li H, Xia X, Ji D. Pathogenesis and prospects for therapeutic clinical application of noncoding RNAs in glaucoma: Systematic perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7097-7116. [PMID: 33634475 PMCID: PMC8451868 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are an increasingly studied class of RNA molecules with extensive biological activities, including important roles in human development, health, and disease. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina, and one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. However, the specific roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of glaucoma are unclear, and related reports are fragmented. An in‐depth understanding of ncRNAs participating in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma would be helpful for opening up new avenues to facilitate the early diagnosis and clinical treatment. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to discuss the current research progress, the potentialfuture clinical applications and the research limitations of three critical classes of ncRNAs in glaucoma, namely microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengling You
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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MicroRNA-93/STAT3 signalling pathway mediates retinal microglial activation and protects retinal ganglion cells in an acute ocular hypertension model. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:41. [PMID: 33414426 PMCID: PMC7791106 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common neurodegenerative disease and a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Retinal microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the process of optic nerve damage, but the mechanisms driving this microglial activation remain mostly elusive. Previous investigations reported that microRNAs are associated with the retinal microglial reaction and neural apoptosis. In the present study, we found that microRNA-93-5p (miR-93) played a key role in the reaction of retinal microglial cells in vivo and in vitro. The miR-93 level was significantly reduced in the retinae of rat acute ocular hypertension (AOH) models, which were accompanied by retinal microglial activation, overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, and subsequent retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) death, versus the retinae of controls. The induction of miR-93 overexpression significantly reduced microglial proliferation, migration and cytokine release, inhibited the expression of the target gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and p-STAT3, and was associated with a reduced loss of RGCs. Treatment with a STAT3 inhibitor also decreased retinal microglial activation after AOH injury. Taken together, these results suggest that the miR-93/STAT3 pathway is directly related to the downregulation of retinal microglia-mediated neuro-inflammation and showed a neuroprotective effect. Regulating microglial activation through miR-93 may serve as a target for neuroprotective therapy in pathological ocular hypertension.
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30
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Zeng S, Zhang T, Madigan MC, Fernando N, Aggio-Bruce R, Zhou F, Pierce M, Chen Y, Huang L, Natoli R, Gillies MC, Zhu L. Interphotoreceptor Retinoid-Binding Protein (IRBP) in Retinal Health and Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:577935. [PMID: 33328889 PMCID: PMC7710524 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.577935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), also known as retinol binding protein 3 (RBP3), is a lipophilic glycoprotein specifically secreted by photoreceptors. Enriched in the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) and recycled by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), IRBP is essential for the vision of all vertebrates as it facilitates the transfer of retinoids in the visual cycle. It also helps to transport lipids between the RPE and photoreceptors. The thiol-dependent antioxidant activity of IRBP maintains the delicate redox balance in the normal retina. Thus, its dysfunction is suspected to play a role in many retinal diseases. We have reviewed here the latest research on IRBP in both retinal health and disease, including the function and regulation of IRBP under retinal stress in both animal models and the human retina. We have also explored the therapeutic potential of targeting IRBP in retinal diseases. Although some technical barriers remain, it is possible that manipulating the expression of IRBP in the retina will rescue or prevent photoreceptor degeneration in many retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxue Zeng
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michele C Madigan
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nilisha Fernando
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Riemke Aggio-Bruce
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew Pierce
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yingying Chen
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianlin Huang
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Mark C Gillies
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ling Zhu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Wang Y, Niu L, Zhao J, Wang M, Li K, Zheng Y. An update: mechanisms of microRNA in primary open-angle glaucoma. Brief Funct Genomics 2020; 20:19-27. [PMID: 33165516 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a disease with characteristic optic neuropathy and loss of vision, leading to blindness, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common glaucoma type throughout the world. Genetic susceptibility is the main factor in POAG, and most susceptibility genes cause changes in microRNA expression and function, thereby leading to POAG occurrence and development. Increasing evidence indicates that many microRNAs are involved in the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and play an important role in the increase in IOP in POAG. Additionally, microRNA is closely related to optic nerve damage factors (mechanical stress, hypoxia and inflammation). This review discusses the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in POAG-related genes on microRNA and the value of microRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanping Wang
- The author was born in 1996 in Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lingzhi Niu
- The author was born in 1992 in Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The author was born in 1985 in Shenyang, China
| | - Mingxuan Wang
- The author was born in 1992 in Jilin, China. She received her PhD degree from Jilin University in 2020
| | - Ke Li
- The author was born in 1993 in Henan, China. She started her PhD degree in 2019 at Jilin University
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- The author was born in 1969 in Shenyang, China. She received her PhD degree in 2003. She served as a doctoral supervisor at Jilin University in 2005
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32
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Rao A, Chakraborty M, Roy A, Sahay P, Pradhan A, Raj N. Differential miRNA Expression: Signature for Glaucoma in Pseudoexfoliation. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:3025-3038. [PMID: 33116354 PMCID: PMC7547124 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s254504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the microRNA (miRNA) profile in patients with different stages of pseudoexfoliation (PXF). Methods Peripheral blood of patients with PXF (naïve to medical therapy and with no systemic disease/drugs) with ocular hypertension (OHT) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) was evaluated in triplicate for miRNA profiling using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays. Those identified in the discovery stage were validated with evaluation of serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels by ELISA. The downstream targets of TGF-β1 and unfolded protein response (UPR) were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Predicted targets of the identified miRNA and KEGG pathway analysis were done using miRbase and DIANA tools mirPathv3.1. Results We found hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-124-3p and hsa-miR-424-5p to be upregulated in PXG targeting 3 specific pathways namely TGF-β1, fibrosis/ECM and proteoglycan metabolism with common effectors like SMAD/3/2. The unfolded protein response (UPR) genes were significantly downregulated in all stages of PXF suggesting this as the key mechanism for protein aggregates in PXF syndrome. Serum TGF-β1 was significantly upregulated as disease progressed to later stages in PXG. This elevation in advanced stages was associated with significantly differential expression of downstream pathways and fibrotic genes in OHT compared to PXG predominantly through the SMAD3, a canonical pathway marker. Conclusion Circulatory miRNA differentially regulating TGF-β1 and downstream targets including UPR genes may be the key mechanisms for glaucoma onset in PXF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Rao
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Munmun Chakraborty
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - AkashSingha Roy
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Prity Sahay
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Amiya Pradhan
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Niranjan Raj
- Glaucoma Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
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Moazzeni H, Khani M, Elahi E. Insights into the regulatory molecules involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:782-827. [PMID: 32935930 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an important cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by optic nerve anomalies. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and aging are major risk factors. Retinal ganglion cells and trabecular meshwork cells are certainly involved in the etiology of glaucoma. Glaucoma is usually a complex disease, and various genes and functions may contribute to its etiology. Among these may be genes that encode regulatory molecules. In this review, regulatory molecules including 18 transcription factors (TFs), 195 microRNAs (miRNAs), 106 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and two circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are reasonable candidates for having roles in glaucoma pathogenesis are described. The targets of the regulators are reported. Glaucoma-related features including apoptosis, stress responses, immune functions, ECM properties, IOP, and eye development are affected by the targeted genes. The targeted genes that are frequently targeted by multiple regulators most often affect apoptosis and the related features of cell death and cell survival. BCL2, CDKN1A, and TP53 are among the frequent targets of three types of glaucoma-relevant regulators, TFs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. TP53 was itself identified as a glaucoma-relevant TF. Several of the glaucoma-relevant TFs are themselves among frequent targets of regulatory molecules, which is consistent with existence of a complex network involved in glaucoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Moazzeni
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Toro MD, Reibaldi M, Avitabile T, Bucolo C, Salomone S, Rejdak R, Nowomiejska K, Tripodi S, Posarelli C, Ragusa M, Barbagallo C. MicroRNAs in the Vitreous Humor of Patients with Retinal Detachment and a Different Grading of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: A Pilot Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:23. [PMID: 32821520 PMCID: PMC7409223 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.6.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), its expression in the vitreous of patients with primary retinal detachment (RD) and different PVR grading has not yet been investigated. We assessed the expression of miRNAs in the vitreous humor (VH) of patients diagnosed with RD and different grading of PVR. Methods The VH was extracted from the core of the vitreous chamber in patients who had undergone standard vitrectomy for primary RD. RNA was extracted and TaqMan Low-Density Arrays (TLDAs) were used for miRNA profiling that was performed by single TaqMan assays. A gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed on the differentially expressed miRNAs. Results A total of 15 eyes with RD, 3 eyes for each grade of PVR (A, B, C, and D) and 3 from unaffected individuals, were enrolled in this prospective comparative study. Twenty miRNAs were altered in the comparison among pathological groups. Interestingly, the expression of miR-143-3p, miR-224-5p, miR-361-5p, miR-452-5p, miR-486-3p, and miR-891a-5p increased with the worsening of PVR grading. We also identified 34 miRNAs showing differential expression in PVR compared to control vitreous samples. GO analysis showed that the deregulated miRNAs participate in processes previously associated with PVR pathogenesis. Conclusions The present pilot study suggested that dysregulated vitreal miRNAs may be considered as a biomarker of PVR and associated with the PVR-related complications in patients with RD. Translational Relevance The correlation between vitreal miRNAs and the pathological phenotypes are essential to identify the novel miRNA-based mechanisms underlying the PVR disease that would improve the diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Damiano Toro
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Eye Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Bucolo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sarah Tripodi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital C. Cantù, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Chiara Posarelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology, and of Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCSS, Troina, Italy
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Zhu Y, Li W, Zhu D, Zhou J. microRNA profiling in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes using next generation sequencing. Exp Eye Res 2020; 195:108034. [PMID: 32333905 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize microRNAs (miRNAs) and their possible roles in high myopia by using next generation sequencing. METHODS Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 25 highly myopic eyes and 25 cataract eyes at the onset of surgery. miRNA next generation sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed using RNA extracted from 30 samples. The remaining 20 samples were used for quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation of sequencing results. RESULTS A total of 341 microRNAs were detected in the aqueous humor samples of highly myopic eyes; 201 miRNAs were detected in the aqueous humor samples of cataractous control eyes. A total of 249 mature miRNAs and 17 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed during myopia. Possible pathways regulated by these aberrantly expressed miRNAs included the TNF, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. The relative expression patterns of hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-127-3p, and hsa-miR-98-5p were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS The current study provided an overall view of miRNA profiling in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes. These profiles may be associated with myopia pathogenesis, and are potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongqing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jibo Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang Y, Xue Z, Guo F, Yu F, Xu L, Chen H. Nc2Eye: A Curated ncRNAomics Knowledgebase for Bridging Basic and Clinical Research in Eye Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:75. [PMID: 32117995 PMCID: PMC7033623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Eye diseases (EDs) represent a group of disorders affecting the visual system, most of which can lead to visual impairment and blindness. Accumulating evidence reveals that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are closely associated with a wide variety of EDs. However, abundant associations between ncRNAs and EDs are scattered across the published literature, obstructing a global view of ncRNA-ED associations. A public resource of high-quality manually curated ncRNAomics knowledge associated with EDs remains unavailable. To address this gap, we thus developed Nc2Eye (http://nc2eye.bio-data.cn/), which is the first knowledgebase dedicated to providing a comprehensive ncRNAomics resource for bridging basic and clinical research in EDs. Through a comprehensive review of more than 2400 published papers, Nc2Eye catalogs 7088 manually curated ncRNA-ED associations involving 4363 ncRNAs across eight species. We also provide detailed descriptions and annotation information for each ncRNA-disease association such as ncRNA categories, experimental methods, expression pattern and related clinical drugs. To further expand the pathogenic ncRNAs, we also collected more than 90 high-throughput EDs-related transcriptome datasets. Furthermore, a user-friendly interface was constructed for convenient and flexible data browsing, querying, and retrieving. We believe that Nc2Eye is a timely and valuable knowledgebase for significantly improving and useful for discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangjie Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fulong Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangde Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Fang X, Wen T, Xiao M, Chen S, Zhang X. Discovery and Validation of Circulating Hsa-miR-210-3p as a Potential Biomarker for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:2925-2934. [PMID: 31284309 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Blood-based examination tools for glaucoma diagnosis in clinical practice, which can be useful for screening patients when traditional ophthalmic examinations cannot be utilized, are not available thus far. This study aimed to identify circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and explore their utility as diagnostic markers. Methods A total of 136 POAG patients and controls were enrolled. Next-generation RNA sequencing was used to explore the expression profile of circulating miRNAs in the sequencing set, and potential miRNAs from independent samples in both the screening and validation sets were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the ability of certain miRNAs to distinguish POAG patients from control subjects. Results Using sequencing and qRT-PCR, hsa-miR-210-3p was found to be elevated in POAG patients in all sets. ROC analysis of the screening and validation sets revealed that hsa-miR-210-3p differentiated between POAG patients and matched controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.846 (sensitivity: 84.6%; specificity: 80.8%) and 0.813 (sensitivity: 84.8%; specificity: 69.7%), respectively. In case of all nonsequencing participants, analysis revealed that hsa-miR-210-3p differentiated between severe POAG patients and controls with an AUC of 0.880 (sensitivity: 85.4%; specificity: 85.7%). In addition, the expression of hsa-miR-210-3p was associated with visual field defects of |mean deviation| (β = 0.237; P = 0.022) and average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (β = -5.792; P = 0.014). Conclusions Circulating hsa-miR-210-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic marker for POAG (especially for severe POAG patients).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoming Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi Wang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Fang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mianli Xiao
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shida Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Youngblood H, Hauser MA, Liu Y. Update on the genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107795. [PMID: 31525344 PMCID: PMC6901111 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Affecting nearly 80 million individuals, glaucoma is the number one cause of irreversible blindness in the world. This ocular disease describes a set of optic neuropathies of which primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common. POAG is associated with progressive visual field deterioration resulting from damage to the optic nerve and loss of retinal ganglion cells. Risk factors for POAG include elevated intraocular pressure, aging, African and Hispanic ancestry, and a positive family history of POAG. Multiple genes have been found to contribute to POAG. Much of POAG genetics and pathology has yet to be explained. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a large number of novel loci associated with POAG and its endophenotypes. Genomic and proteomic profiling of biofluids has contributed to our knowledge of differential gene expression in POAG. Functional studies both in cell culture and animal models have confirmed the effects of variants and differential gene expression on ocular physiology while in silico analyses have increased our understanding of disease risk and progression so that we might better diagnose and treat this complex genetic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Youngblood
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States.
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, 300 N Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, United States.
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd CB1101, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States.
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Chen S, Yuan M, Liu Y, Zhao X, Lian P, Chen Y, Liu B, Lu L. Landscape of microRNA in the aqueous humour of proliferative diabetic retinopathy as assessed by next-generation sequencing. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 47:925-936. [PMID: 31081578 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microRNAs (miRNA) have been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. We try to explore the miRNA and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) profile in the aqueous humour of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS Aqueous humour samples were collected from nine PDR eyes and nine cataract control eyes, and NGS was performed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to validate the sequencing results. An oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model was used to validate the angiogenesis related miRNA. RESULTS In total, 484 miRNAs were differently expressed between the PDR eyes and cataract control eyes, including 210 mature miRNAs and 274 novel miRNAs. Furthermore, eight miRNAs and 30 piRNAs were identified as the most differently expressed between the two groups (P > .85). This differential expression of miRNA was predicted to regulate Rho protein signal transduction, neurotransmitter uptake and histone lysine methylation. Relative expression patterns of miR-184, -150-5p and -93-5p were confirmed by qPCR. A reduced expression of miR-93-5p was confirmed in the OIR model. CONCLUSIONS This study comprehensively demonstrated the miRNA and piRNA expression profile of the aqueous humour of PDR eyes, which may serve as a potential biomarker and involved in the pathogenesis of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miner Yuan
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoming Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lian
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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